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m.485.JPI -v 9, 1859.1 THE LEADER. 813
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AMERICAN POLITICS. Both parties (says a ...
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STATE OF MEXICO. Pkivatp advices from/Ve...
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SOUTH AMEBICAN "DIFFICULTIES." Advices f...
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TB8TIMONIA1- XO TUB ItBV. Dll. EnBUTON, ...
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I ^ D I A, ' ¦ . . AND • INDIAN PROGRESS...
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The matter, then, appears to be this: th...
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DISCONTENT IN THE BRITISH ARMY IN INDIA....
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INDIAN NOTES. The last official report f...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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M.485.Jpi -V 9, 1859.1 The Leader. 813
m . 485 . JPI -v 9 , 1859 . 1 THE LEADER . 813
American Politics. Both Parties (Says A ...
AMERICAN POLITICS . Both parties ( says a New York letter , are training for the Presidential election next year . Many a change must take place between now and then ; but at present parties stand thus :--On the Democratic side there is little prospect that Mr . Buchanan can be re-nominated . The Southern party at _ present appear to be concentrating upon Governor Wise , of Virginia , upon the platform of Southern rights and the constitutional necessity of passing a slave code for the protection of slave property in the territories . A creed like this is complete death to any party Shouldering it in the Northern States . The friends of Mr . Douglas represent the opposing views . They stand upon squatter sovereignty—that is , the right of the people of the territory themselves to admit or to exclude slavery , and to pass laws regulating it . Many Democrats see , or think they see , in the Cuba question ad issue upon which the whole party can be rallied , irrespective of their views upon the slavery question . On the Republican side there is also little harmony ; but they will probably be able to concentrate their vote upon the person whom they may nominate . Governor Seward , of New York , is at present the favourite . Mr . Banks , of Massachusetts , and Governor Chase , of Ohio , have also each their backers . In the present war , should it continue , the United States will adhere to the position which they have always occupied as to the rights of neutrals , and as to articles contraband of war . There is no probability that either party will depart from the settled policy of the Government upon those questions . It was said that General Cass was preparing a circular on the subject of neutral rights , and that lie does not acquiesce in the British view , but insists that all regular articles of commerce , with the exception of powder , lead , muskets , saltpetre , & c , are not contraband of war ; he also insists that the fact of goods being on board vessels carrying the flag of the United States exempts them from seizure , the broad ground beings-taken that the flag carries protection with it .
State Of Mexico. Pkivatp Advices From/Ve...
STATE OF MEXICO . Pkivatp advices from / Vera Cruz represent Mexico to "be in the most awful state of anarchy arid financial distress . The central government had started an expedition , under Cobas , to Tehuantepec , but it was supposed that want of means would frustrate the design . It vas also rumoured that Cobas had Leon killed at Chirtla , in the state of Puebla . Mr . McLane , the United States minister , has just returned from a visit to San Truxillo and Sail Tecomapa . J J Le was busily engaged in arranging a treaty , but he had not , up to the latest dates , succeeded . 2 fo intelligent foreigner of large experience in this country any longer expects to see the government constructed on a permanent basis , or in fact on any sort of basis , as both parties are almost wholly inactive from sheer exhaustion .
South Amebican "Difficulties." Advices F...
SOUTH AMEBICAN " DIFFICULTIES . " Advices from Buenos Ayres ( says a contemporary ) , confirm the impression previously inspired by the known pacific policy of the Government of t ) iat S tate , that no warlike action would be taken in answer to the threats launched by the Argentine Confederation , unless purely with a view to selfdefence . Tho attitude now assumed by the Confederation is one of lawless aggression , and furnishes fresh evidence of the blighting effects of the regime of those military adventurers who are never Jong absent from the scene of Spanish American politics , General Ur < iuiza has induced liis tools in the Senate of the Confederation to grant him aarte blanche in liis attempt to force Buenos Ayres , to re-enter the Confederation—an attempt which Buenos Ayres declares she will shed the last drop of her blood in resisting . TJrquiza ' s attempt ' s to enlist in his cause jthe Governments of Montei Vidob and Paraguay appear to havo been unsuccessful . Meanwhile , the policy of Brazil will bo narrowly watched . In a commercial sense tho conduct of Buenos Ayres has of late been u pattern for the communities in those regions ; for , though tho ontiro Confederation waa equally liable for the English debt , she is meeting the entire charge alone , and her fiscal policy has been distinguished by many features of liberality . English and French interests of importance being involved in tho struggle now threatened , it is hoped that tho Governments of England and France will discountenance it by every means in their power .
Tb8timonia1- Xo Tub Itbv. Dll. Enbuton, ...
TB 8 TIMONIA 1- XO TUB ItBV . Dll . EnBUTON , OP Hanwei-i * Qoui . nou , MipoLjjeisx . —On Wednesday last a deputation iVom Christ Church , Billing 1 , waited upon Dr . Kmurton , and presented to him u rlchlychnscd silver vino-leaf Emirguo , with three ornnmontul branches , on trlnngvilnr i > irae ore a richly-chased silver vino-mounted Platomi , one of the moat elegant pieces of plate wo have ever soon . Tlie inscription vvua most flattering to th « wourtliy JDootor .
I ^ D I A, ' ¦ . . And • Indian Progress...
I ^ D I A , ' ¦ . . AND INDIAN PROGRESS .
The Matter, Then, Appears To Be This: Th...
The matter , then , appears to be this : there is a debt of ninety millions—an excess of expenditure over income of about six to sevenmillions , while the Government of India is vainly offering 6 per cent , for money to meet the pressing exigencies of the public service . We appeal to our readers if it is not utterly impossible for Ministers , if they do their duty to tlie country , to delay legislation on this question of Indian Finance beyond the present session ? It is the question of the day , and ought to take precedence of all other questions—even that of Parliamentary Reform ; for we believe it to be the merest idling to talk of
between a nation and : its finances is to be viewed with some apprehension . Butwould . it do so in this case ? We do not think so . What the wealthy native of India looks to , in lending money to the local Government , is Security . The con-- version of the debt by the Imperial Government would do more to consolidate English power in India than the suppression of half-a-dozen rebellions , for it would demonstrate to the natives of Hindostan , that having conquered the country we meant to hold it ; that the Crown having accepted the Government did not for a moment shrink from accepting , also , the burdens along with it . We would beg to throw out the hint to Sir Charles Wood . If he pay off the 5 per cent * loan with a 3 £ per cent , one , backed by the Imperial guarantee , we venture to predict that the natives of India would subscribe in much the same proportion as at present , for the following reasons , because : —1 . The security would be absolute ; 2 . They would be utterly at a loss otherwise what to do with their money ; 3 . It would finally settle this part of the financial difficulty ; and 4 . It would prove that England is really in earnest in having assumed the government of India . We shall return to the subject again , and have also a few words to say on this subject of compensation to sufferers by the rebellion .
, m INDIAN FINANCE . In our last issue we directed attention to the present desperate condition of the Indian finances ; and the despatches from Calcutta which arrived on Tuesday morning show that the credit of the local government in its own territory , is at this moment as bad as it was in the darkest days of the rebellion . Even after the massacre of Cawnpore , Four per Cents , were not lower than 29 to 30 per cent , discount , while in May last they were quoted in Bombay at 33 per cent , discount , and in Calcutta at 29 per cent , discount , the Fives selling at 87 , and the New Five-and-a-Half per Cent . Loan at 90 £ . It requires very little penetration to perceive that this Five-and-a-Half per Cent . Loan will prove a failure , and that the Government will ultimately have to raise the money in the English market .
Indian debts being secured on Indian revenues . Imperial and Indian finance are indissolubly united . England cannot abandon , or be driven out of India without utter destruction to her supremacy as a nation . The Crown has assumed tlie government of , and will unquestionably hold , that magnificent dependency . The disposal and control of its finance is under the immediate direction of Parliament ; and , once for all , we warn our readers that its debt is practically a portion of the public debt of the nation , and that they are as much interested in the budget of the Secretary of State for India , as in that of the Chancellor of the Exchequer .
Either India must be made to pay its expenses , or it must be abandoned , or the deficit must be drawn from the treasury of the nation . But if In'dia is ever abandoned or lost to this country , there is no inhabitant of these islands , however humble his degree , who would not , in such an event , soon be made to feel , even in diminished personal importance and security , that his country had ceased to be a first-rate power , and that the
flag to which he had before looked with pride ana confidence , could no longer protect him . England cannot choose , but accept , the high destiny chalked out for her in the Divine legislation of the world . It is her great mission to introduce the arts of peace and civilization and self-government , to two hundred millions of our Indian fellow-subjects ; and while ruling with a rod of iron , to protect the weak against the strong , and deal out even-handed justice to all . . . . . v . . . . . , be carried out
There is one reform which should without loss of time . The Indian debt is ninety millions , and we are very near the truth in saying that on this sum an average rate of about 4 J per cent , interest is paid , or upwards of fbiw millions sterling yearly in , all . If this country is reall y responsible for the debt , why should we be made to pay 4 £ to 6 per cent , for the money , when it could be obtained for 3 to 3 $ per cent r There appears to be no formidable difficulty an Sir Charles Wood opening a loan of ninety or a hundred millions with the imperial guarantee , and converting nil those Indian Four , Five , and Six per Cents . Wo are utterly at a loas to perceive how the nation could permanently suffer by such n stop , while on tlie other hand upwards of a million of the Indian annual deficit . would at one © bo written off .
. Now we have read over and listened to all the objections over urged against the conversion proposed , and fiiil to perceive their weight in such a crisis as the present . There is no doubt that as a matter of high state polioy it is moat desirable that natives of India should bo largely interested in tho public debt of their country . There h no doubt that any step which may , dissolve tlio connexion
Discontent In The British Army In India....
DISCONTENT IN THE BRITISH ARMY IN INDIA . The discontent amounting , in military phrase , to mutiny , which displayed itself in one or two British regiments in India , is completely allayed , and full investigation has served to place the fact beyond question , that the discontent or mutiny was limited to these one or two regiments , and was not shared in or countenanced by any other portion of the British army . The con duct of the Commander-in-Chief , Lord Clyde , in this emergency has elicited unmixed praise . The malcontents were found to be mostly very young soldiers , who had been made the victims of evil advisers , but as they had displayed unmistakeable symptoms of being heartily ashamed of their folly the judicious lenity extended towards the offenders cannot be too highly applauded . The truth must be told , that the offenders 1 regiments had been left too much to themselves . The soldiers were not sufficiently paraded or exercised in their military duties , and , above all , their officers were not sufficiently associated with the men . It was this comparative idleness , and want of personal supervision that paved the way for that display of insubordination which the rest of tlie British army in India utterly repudiates and openly condemns . Other regiments , where officers and men mingle together in healthful recreation , have displayed nothing but the best and most loyal feeling . A lesson may be learnt from what has just occurred which , if rightly applied , may prove of incalculable benefit to our Indian army .
Indian Notes. The Last Official Report F...
INDIAN NOTES . The last official report from Dr . Jameson of the progress of the Government and other tea plantations in the Kangra district , is most interesting-, for it shows that this valuable district is now available for European occupation . Tlie year before tho proportion of second class tea manufactured at Holta was two-thirds of tho whole , and last season the proportion of second class was reduced to one-sixth . The total amount manufactured at Holta was only 13 , 190 lbs ., but the total yield is about 26 , 000 lbs ; but the plants now in the ground will , when in full bearing , yield 1 , 500 , 000 lbs ; Tlie Improvement in tho quality is owing to the careful gathering : oi tno raw leaves , and better manipulation under the gu u-« nce of Chinese ; but by tlie help of tMs ' superintendence the native tea makers have likewiso we- ^ come more skilful ,, ., This year the cultivation lias been greatly extended ; 31 , 000 lbs . of seed have been distributed to he zemindars , several of whom have , engaged in the cultivation The Financial Commissioners had held ftihcetiigoftho chief zemindars on tho subject of ? en cultivation , which had had most favourable results . At Holtti about 800 acres are now under oulivation , and there are 5 , 000 , 000 of plants . On the recommendation of Dr . Jameson , the factory has been tawSasoi , ** likewise t' » o establishment . The oXS A Wttfl l ' 600 / - « "d'ho return , 2 C , O 0 O 111 . of ea , at 4 a . per lb ., 5 , 200 * ., leaving a prpflt of , 3 coo ; The rate ia evidently a higher one than can bo maintained wlth ' an increased supply . J / Vom other districts good accounts are given . At Dhurinsula a now factory haa been buile , to which Toj Sing , a native cultivator , brought in 640 lbs of
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), July 9, 1859, page 9, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_09071859/page/9/
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