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1|Q6 ^ THE L E A PER. [No. 299, Saturday...
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BTAVAL AND MILITARY. Transmission op Mon...
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MISCELLANEOUS. The Court.—The royal fami...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Continental. Notes. Peace Prospects.—The...
day at St . Petersburg ; the number of-cases may vary , but the malady never disappears . It is notra Russia only that it exists ; it rages in Finland , m the B altic provinces , in Poladd , in the Crimea , and in the Caucasus , and wherever troops are assembled in numbers cholera is sure to be in the midst of them . One fact which is now beyond dispute , and which has particularly attracted attention * is that the female population exceeded the male in proportions far greater than in any other European country , and the great difference between them is now more remarkable than even It would be difficult to give an exact notion of the misery which prevails in several provinces of the empire , and particularly in Poland . I have just traversed the whole southern part of Volhynia , and I have found everywhere the same evils . The most ordinary articles of consumption are of of
so dear that the peasants are deprived a portion what is most necessary , and those who can afford to purchase arrive in cvovrda to empty markets , from which the greatest part return empty . The harvest ha 3 not , however , been bad ; indeed , it may be said that we have had an average year , but the corn is taken off for the Government and sent to the south , to form immense magazines which are destined to become the prey of flames , and are consequently lost to everyone . In certain provinces the grain intended for seed has failed , and I can declare , without fear of contradiction , that , at the very least , one-fourfch of the arable land will remain out of cultivation for want of seed and of hands . We had counted on the potato crop , which at first presented a favourable aspect , but the blight has made terrible ravages , and fully one-third of the whole is affected with it . "
A money panic has commenced in Russia . At Moscow , Nishi-Novgorod , Astrakhan , and other places , bank-notes are refused People are hiding money . It is feared that the interest of the public debt will be suspended ; and already the Government has ordained that , to facilitate payments from the State Treasury , the normal proportion of bullion to be held by the Bank against notes in circulation shall be diminished . The new Russian loan of fifty millions of roubles has been concluded at Hamburg at the price of eighty-two , with five per cent , interest . A third part will be issued at Hamburg , and the two others at Berlin and Amsterdam .
. The Turkish Government has made a reclamation to the Austrian Government on behalf of Colonel Turr , on the ground of his being at the time of his arrest in possession of . a firman from the Sultan . It has also consented to the Government of Moldavia ' s extending the permission to export timber to the article of salt also . The election of the various Presidents of the Prussian House of Deputies took place on the Cth inst ., and exhibited the overpowering majority of the members of the Right . The President , Count Eulenburg , the first Vice-President , Herr Von Arnim Heinrichsdorff , and the second Vice-President , Herr Von Buchtemann , belong , however , to the ultra-Conservative party . It is now no longer intended to dispute the election of Count Schwerin .
Revolt of the Kurds against the Russians . — The Russian journal , the Caucasus , states that General Lonsdoff had been obliged to send a detachment of troops to Van , beyond Alladagh , against the Kurds , who had revolted against the Russians .
1|Q6 ^ The L E A Per. [No. 299, Saturday...
1 | Q 6 ^ THE L E A PER . [ No . 299 , Saturday ,
Btaval And Military. Transmission Op Mon...
BTAVAL AND MILITARY . Transmission op Money by Soldiers . —A me moranduzn has been issued from the Horse Guards , dated November 80 th , enclosing a now form for the transmission of money by soldiers in the Crimea to England , the object of which is to give facilities for such remittances . In the new form , the signatures of the' officer commanding the company to which the soldier belongs , and that of the Boldier himself , are omitted . The circular also requests commanding officers of regiments not to sanction the transmission of coin by Boldiers which , is not only unsafe but unnecePBary , now that such facilities are given for Bending money . Thb Absibta-nt-Suboison ' s Petition .- ;—The answer of Lord Panmure to the petition , alleging certain grievances , which was transmitted to him by the
aeBistant-Burgeonu in the Crimea , has been published . The War Minister severally denies or disputes the various causes of complaint , and conceives that the youth of tho objeotorn , and the fact that at the utmost they have not seen more than two and a quarter years' service , while in some instances their experience is limited to six months , detract considerably from the worth of any opinions they may put forth . The reply states that " Lord Paumure will not be Indisposed to consider the case of the medical officers in respect to the length of service which gives a claim for retirement ; but upon this point , as well as the general propositions following , his lordship can give at present no other reply than that they shall receive fair consideration in any change of the medical deimrtment that may take place . " Admiralty Provision Contracts in Ireland . — Certain provision merchants of Cork have had an
interview with the Lords of the Admiralty on the Bubject of the provision contracts of 1854-55 . Mr . Fagan who acted as spokesman , said that the . provisions had been treated in a very improper manner in the Government stores , the casks at Gosport being ^ piled on each other in such a way as to cause great injury to the meat ; while , on dry days , the convicts were employed to " hose" them , in consequence of which the timbers « bi « n . n 1 r . As to the measly meat , it was contended that it could only have got in through tho carelessness of the persons employed by the contractors . The Lords of the Admiralty , it is understood , consented to the following arrangement : — " That all measly meat be replaced by a sound and good article , and all found discoloured to be returned to the contractors , they substituting good meat for it , and the Admiralty paying the contractors the difference between the price of the meat to be supplied and the value of that returned . "
Launch op the Florence Nightingale . —The launch of a magnificent iron screw steamer , which has received the name of the heroic Florence Nightingale , took place at Hartlepool on Tuesday . This vessel haa been built by Messrs . Richardson , Brothers , by whom the rapidly extending trade of iron shipbuilding was introduced into the port of Hartlepool . She is a beautiful specimen of the clipper class now in vogue . The prow is ornamented with a full-length figure of the lady whose name she bears , and who is represented as in her usual hospital dress , having in the one hand a cup , and in the other a handkerchief .
Miscellaneous. The Court.—The Royal Fami...
MISCELLANEOUS . The Court . —The royal family arrived on Monday at Osborne . Incendiarism iw Nottinghamshire . — Early on Sunday morning there were two incendiary fires within about a mile from Nottingham . A quantity of agricultural produce , belonging to Mr . Baker , of Colwick-park Farm , the value of which is estimated at £ 1 , 500 , was consumed . Within half a mile of the same spot , about twenty tons of hay , in the stackyard of Mr . James , of Carlton , were also destroyed by fire . This is the third incendiary fire that has occurred within a short distance of Nottingham during seven days . An Unfortunate Bankrupt . —The affairs of Mr .
Thomas Masters were brought before the Bankruptcy Court on Saturday last . The case was one of great hardship . Mr . Masters , relying on the provisions of the Crystal Palace charter , which disenabled the company from serving the public with refreshments , built at Sydenham an immense tavern called the Crystal Palace Hotel . The speculation at first answered very well ; but the company subsequently obtained a power of serving the public within the palace ; the attendance at the hotel necessarily fell off , and Mr . Masters found
himself unable to proceed . He therefore called hiB creditors together , that none might obtain a preference , and was enabled to offer about ten shillings in the pound . In addition to his money misfortunes , he had recently sustained a fracture of the leg . His creditors offered no opposition in the Bankruptcy Court ; and Mr . Commissioner Gould , after complimenting the bankrupt on his honesty , eaid the court had much pleasure in granting him an immediate certificate of the first class .
Crystal Palacb Company Report . —The report of the Crystal Palace Company was issued on Saturday , together with that of the committee of shareholders . Up to the 30 th of June last , the total expended was 421 , 231 , 000 , and the further want was then estimated at £ 45 , 000 , exclusive of a balance of £ 56 , 000 falling due in 1858 , in connection with land purchases . Instead of £ 45 , 000 , however , the amount now required to close the capital account will be £ 70 , 000 . To meet this , and to repay £ 63 , 500 whioU has been appropriated from revenue , it would be neoessary to mise £ 183 , 500 . Under their charter , the borrowing power of the company is limited to a sum equal to a third of their capital—namely , A . 383 , 000 ;
and the authority granted at a meeting last year to exercise this to the extent of £ 300 , 000 lias already been used up to a point which leaves only £ 74 , 225 available . Between now and the 30 th of April next , the directors " hope tho state of the money-market may admit of these remaining debentures being placed upon favourable terms . " The plans of the directors soem to have been chiefly confined to cutting down expenses . In the noxt session of Parliament , a bill ib to be introduced to facilitate the disposal of land , to enable further capital to be raised in case it
should be desired to repay , in tho ehapo of dividends , the Bum borrowed from revenue , and to authorise tho issue of life-tickets in exchange for shares . With regard ^ to the report of the committee of investigation , the prinoipal recommendation it contains is for the appointment of a general manager , whoso remuneration Bhnll be proportioned to the dividends paid on the original shores . In relation to tho prospects of the undertaking , it ia stated that , from the experience of tho past year , itu revenue from nil Hourceu may be estimated at about £ 100 , 000 ; while Itu future
expenses , including interest on preference capital , & c t will be about £ 73 , 000 , " leaving a balance of £ 27 , 000 to pay interest on such new capital as may be required , and go towards a dividend on . the original stock . " In relation to the recommendations of Mr . Fuller , Mr . Sotheby , and others , for a reduction of the charge on Mondays to sixpence , the creation of various classes of life-tickets , the setting apart of two days for season-ticket holders ( Thursday and
Friday ) , instead of Saturday , and a system of Sunday admission , the opinion of the committee is that they are all inexpedient , or at present impracticable . To the issue of life-tickets there are legal objections , which , however , they desire to see removed ; and a Sunday opening , even for shareholders , would , they still conceive , bring the validity of their charter into question . The report was not unanimous , two of the committee , Messrs . Fuller and Price , declining to concur in it . —Times .
The Ticket op Leave System . — Mr . Serjeant Adams has written to the Times , to point out -what he considers to be the evils of this system . Rapidly glancing over the history of transportation , he imputes the original fault to an abandonment of the principle of assigning transported convicts , after a while , to persons of respectability in our various colonies , with whom they lived as servants without wages . When this system was no longer pursued , the colonists , having lost the advantages which they derived from the unpaid labour of the convicts , saw only the evils resulting from a large criminal population . The convicts were then all transported to Hobart Town ; but they Bpeedily increased to so large a number of males
with but few females , that a state of things ensued , the reports of which to the Colonial Office are unfit , says Serjeant Adams , for the public eye . The Cape of Good Hope was the next place to which the offscourings of our population were sent ; but the colonists violently resisted being compelled to receive them ; the Home Government yielded , and the present system , deprecated by Mr . Serjeant Adams , was the . result . Of that system the Serjeant observes : — "I would ask , if the wildest dreamer of dreams ever hit upon such a system of reform—young men in the prime and vigour of manhood , youths at the most dangerous period of their lives , and even childrenhomelesshouseless children—sent indiscriminately to
, their old haunts and associates in the worst parts of the metropolis , with , on the average , £ 5 in their pockets to celebrate their return , but with jao provision for their future employment or well-doing , and no certificate of character but a ticket of leave . The working of the system haa not tended to diminish my preconceived opinions ; and I still think that if the victims of our wretched system of criminal jurisprudence , as regards juvenile offenders , had been , either before or after their respective imprisonments—and I care little which—been dispersed in different settlements where population is scanty and labour scaree ,
not as convicts , but under proper guardianship and superintendence , the State would have been better and more cheaply served , and the offenders have enjoyed a far more rational chance of becoming honest members of society than will ever be attained by their retention in the mother country , either with or without the . aide of gratuities and tickets of leave . " In connexion with this subject , " G . W . E . " writes to the Times , calling to mind that an expedition from the English Government , about ten or twelve years ago , discovered , on tho north-west coast of New Holland , two fine rivers which must have their source
in a fertile though unexplored land ; and he suggests that this locality is woi-thy of attention as a possibly available " dust hole " for our refuse population . America . —The question between the English and United States Government continues to occupy tho attention of the journalists ; and from the Washington correspondent of the Journal of Comm erce we learn that the representations of the American cabinet regarding the alleged violation of the neutrality laws by Mr . Crainpton have been met , as it is generally The
believed , in a very atraightforward manner . mission of the West India squadron has been stated by Lord Clarendon to be the protection of English commerce from privateers said to be fitting out m American ports , the case of the Maury being cited in justification ; but this excuse appears likely in itselt to load to further difficulties , for the comnaittoe appointed by the New York Chambers of Commerce to ascertain and report tho fncts connected with tho seizure of the Maury have come to the conclusion that the oharaoter of tho owners of that vessel ha « been
needlessly assailed , owing to a want of proper inquiry on the part of the English diplomatic agents , and th « t those agents have not properly apologised to the owners of the Maury for the " infamous impeachment " against them . The same report asserts tuft * the Amer ican Government has always strictly upUoJa and enforced the laws of neutrality . There aeeuw to bo a probability that Mr . Crampton will either resign or be recalled . —The government of Colonel Walter in Granada is being rapidly established . An additio nal rorce of two hundred men have loft San Francisco to join tho Colonel , who Btill retained quiet possession
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 15, 1855, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_15121855/page/8/
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