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Leader (1850-1860), 30th August 1856, Edition 2 of 2, Page 7, The four brigands who atta cked and pill...

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      Atfgtpst 30, 1856.] ""

      Atfgtpst 30 , 1856 . ] ""

      THE liEADEB . 323

      The Four Brigands Who Atta Cked And Pill...

      The four brigands who atta cked and pillaged the diligence between Bologna and Ferrera , on the night of the loth of last July , have been tried by an Austrian courtmartial , and shot . ,. „_ , The Paris correspondent of the Morning Post denies the accuracy of the reply of the Neapolitan Government to the remonstrances of France , as given by the Cologne Gazette , and repeated in the columns of this journal last week . It must be borne in mind , however , that the Post is not generally very reliably informed on such matters . A horrible story is told in a letter from Naples in the Correspondance Italienne , which says that on the 7 th of August , the anniversary of St . Gaetano , while the king ' s carriage , escorted by his body guards and hussars , was passing the corner of the Via Santa Brig ida in the Via di Toledo , returning from the church , two of the horses slipped and fell . The police and the soldiers were engaged in getting them up , when , taking advantage of this interruption , a lame man , leaning upon a staff and xespectably dressed , approached the carriage , handed a ¦ written petition to the king , and began to speak to his majesty in a low tone of voice . An officer of the guard saw this , ran with drawn sword against the unfortunate petitioner , and inflicted a wound upon him ; other officers followed the example , and the cripp le tried in vain to ward off their blows . When he was about to sink beneath their assault , he cried out to the king , " Ferdinand ! they are assassinating me before your eyes ! Remember this ! " The king was terrified by this appeal , and called out to the officers , " Let him have his life . " Immediately afterwards , the horses having been raised , the carriage went on at full gallop . The same shocking scene is described in another letter from Naples , written to the Corriere di Malta , which adds that the poor man was mortally wounded . Sardinia is busily engaged arming and making warlike preparations . " It is , I believe , positive" says the Times Naples correspondent , " that about the end of last month an intimation was given to some of the diplomatic body that a partial amnesty would be granted , though no names were given , and it was said that his Majesty was very unwilling that any names should transpire . It was , however , the almost universal persuasion in high quarters , where alone these facts were known , that the amnesty would not embrace more than ten , and those not persons of any great note . As to changes of importance , expect none . " Poerio has again been attacked with his malady in the -chest , and the paraly tic prisoner , Pironti , has been in the hospital . SPAIN . Prince Adalbert arrived at Madrid on the 21 st inst . The Gazette publishes decrees dismissing seven governors of provinces and naming others in their place . It also publishes the decree definitively disbanding the National Guard . The Government will render an account of this measure to the Cortes at its next session . The Espana of Madrid says that the question of the recognition of the Queen by Russia not being yet settled , it is probable that no Spanish ambassador will be present at the coronation of the Czar . It is stated that Marshal Narvaez is about to receive a passport authorizing him to reside in any part cf Spain he may think iit . An English gentleman , writing to the Daily News , says : — " Having been for some years attached to a Government office of Spain , and having conversed with some of her notabilities , I have arrived at the conclusion that the great curse of that country is her system of * Empleados . ' All who are averse to regular industry , who have , or fancy they have , the smallest interest ' nt court , ' trim their sails for Government emplo }\ That obtained , the luck } ' individual , on being removed , after however short a tenure of office , has a right to what is called ' cesantia , ' that is , a pension , Avith tho proviso that tho sovereign will ngain make use of his services when an opportunity occurs . lie i . s then put on the non-active lint . Now , on n change of ministry in ? Spain , not only are the ministers displaced , not onl y ' the head * of departments arc removed , but every single employe , from tho chief clerks down to tho humblest porter , is scut to the right-about . Talent has no exemption , patriotism is not proof against it , length of sorvicu counts for nothing . " " It hart been decided , " snyH a correspondent of the Paris Jhfbatu , " to return to tho constitution of 18-15 , modified in some respects , nnd completed by an additional ¦ act intended to fortify the authority of tho throno , and to guarantee to the Spanish people the possession nnd enjoyment of . their rights . It is probablo that a new Cortes will bo shortly convoked , in order Nolely to deliberate upon a project of this kind presented in tho name of the < . £ ueon . It is suid that tho Cortes will bo composed of a Hinylo assembly ; that tho members of this assembly will bo elected by colleger fruinod according to u combination of the regulations adopted in 1837 , 1845 , and 1 85 ( 5 ; that the elections will bo by dintriet and not by province , and that each college will oloct it « doputy . " Tho correspondent goes on to atuto that this nc : hemo in duo more especially to M . Rios Roaas , but that tho rest of tho miiiintcrri agreed to it without difficulty . Tho name writor assorts that the indignation of M . Rosas had boon excited by tho efforts which tiro being made by portions ^

      ^ mm ^^ MB ^^ aM ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ " ^^^^ " ^^^^^^™" i in the confidence of the Queen to induce her to break altogether with the constitutional regime . The former Governor of Gerona , General Felipe Ruiz , has publicly denied , in the most formal manner , having escaped into France with two mules laden with money . The Government is anxious to renew friendly relations with the Holy See . The situation of the province of Cordova is truly deplorable . Every day incendiary fires take place in the rural districts ; and the authorities , notwithstanding their exertions to arrest the evil-doers and punish the incendiaries , have not yet been able to apprehend one of them . Messsrs . Bravo Murillo and Gonzales Romero , former Ministers , have obtained , leave to return to Spain , and are to reside some time in the Basque Provinces . M . Manuel Bertran-de-Lys is expected at Madrid . General Zapatero , Captain-General of Barcelona , has issued a bando dissolving all associations existing between manufacturers and between operatives throughout Catalonia . One hundred and eighty-seven individuals , condemned to serve in the colonies on account of their participation in the last revolt , have been embarked at Barcelona for the Havanuah . The Spanish Government has recalled its Minister at Mexico . GKEECE . The King of Greece arrived at Darmstadt on the 19 th instant , from Ludevigshof , in company with the Dowager-Empress Caroline of Austria . Their Majesties are on a visit to the Court of Hesse . TURKEY . The lighthouse apparatus which is to be erected on the Isle of Serpents was sent off from Paris on the 21 st instant . It is said that an answer has been received from Russia respecting the dispute about the town of Bolgrad , which holds out hopes that the Russians will give way in the matter , and cede Bolgrad . The Government has just published a project for an Imperial Ottoman Bank , the company to be composed of native and foreign shareholders . " The active capital of the bank will be in the beginning 3 , 300 , 000 medjidics , or 3 , 000 , 000 / . sterling . When the Ottoman Government or the bank may feel the necessity of augmenting this capital , the Government and the bank will lix by mutual consent the sum for which new shares will be issued . The founders will have to subscribe at least 20 per cent . of the 3 , 000 , 000 / . sterling which is to form the capital of the bank , and they will have to deposit 20 per ceut . of this subscription as a guarantee in the Bank of Englaud or France . The bank will at no time , and in no manner , lend money to the Imperial Government or to any branch of the Administration . The Imperial Government will have to withdraw from circulation all its paper money , and will never again put into circulation paper money , whether bearing interest or not . The Imperial Government will likewise have to alter its monetary system , which will never be altered afterwards . It will never give to any bank either in Constantinople or in the provinces the right to issue bank-notes . " To make up for the loss occasioned b } - the withdrawals just indicated , the Imperial Government " will entrust the founders of the bank with the raising of a loan in Europe by commission for Government account , and for the sum which it will want for this purpose . " The loan will be for 5 , 000 , 000 / . sterling ; it will be issued at 00 , and the Government will pay iivc per cent , interest on it , and one per cent , for a sinking fund . Tho bank will have a privilege for livc-and-twenty years . M . de Boutanioir , the Russian Ambassador , arrived at Constantinople on the l'Jth . He landed at Buyukrte ' m Mohammed Kcpresli Pacha was to leave on the 21 st for Moscow . The Russians have not yet evacuated Boucora , Bnyazid , anAthe environs of that town . The Russians completelv ^ evucuuted Kara on tho 4 th of August . The fortifications of that placo have been loft intact , except two fortH which have boon destroyed . The Russians have blown up tho fortress of Tultchu , on the Danube . Tho captain of tho English ship Medina , coining from tho Danube , speaks of a rumour that tho town of Tullcha had Hharod the fute of the fortress . Franco has given 120 , 000 fr . towards the restoration of tho Russian Embassy at Constantinople , which tho French used us an hosp ital during tho war . it is denied by tho writer of a letter from Ismail , in the Star of tho Jhimibe , a Jassy paper , that the ' fortineations' of Rcni wore destroyed by tho Russian * . lie bases bin denial on this . siuTiuiont reason , if his statement be truo—that Rcni never hud any fortifications at all . He admits , howover , that tho fortifications and barracks ) of Ismail have boon demolished . THIS DANUHIAN l » niNCirAI , lTIK , H . During tho occupation of tho Danubian Provinces by tho Au . striaiiH , ono hundred officers of the corps of ' geographical engineers , ' nrndstcd b y several foreign officers ^ were charged to make tho trigonometrical survey ol those provinces . The mirveyn tend to hIiow tho importance of the territorial conootsnion made by Russia . In execution of tho Treaty of Turin of tho i ) Oth of Murch last , that power rustores to Moldavia a part of lion-Burabia , which comprises 1 , 125 , 000 superficial hucturus ( the hectare ia nearly two acroa and a half ) .

      Our Civilization. 4* The Dark Arches In ...

      OUR CIVILIZATION . 4 * THE DARK ARCHES IN THE ADELPHL A very interesting article on one of the disgraces of London—the dark arches on which the streets of the Adelp hi are raised—appears in the Daily News of Monday . The writer , observes : —" Should any one choose to satisfy his curiosity , he will find matter for strange reflection . After proceeding a few yards down the covered way , there will be nothing before him but thick darkness , although , if he looks back , he may see the-full tide of human existence in the Strand . In the midst of impenetrable darkness , he is but a few yards from one of the busiest scenes in the world . Let him adventure a little farther , and he will discover that the covered vr & y branches off to the right and left , and that faint gleams of light occasionally break in from a few openings . Should his enriosity tempt him to penetrate down the dim vistas , we advise him to pause . "Were he to ramble about unattended , he would run the several risks of losing himself , tumbling on his nose , or being murdered or p lundered . There is not the slightest exaggeration in this statement . Let him wait—he will generally have to wait a time long enough to try the most exemplary patience—until a policeman approaches , and then trust himself to his friendly guidance . The danger of losing himself or tumbling on his nose he will soon discover , as the greater part of the journey takes place in pitchy darkness ; that of being robbed or plundered he will learn from his guide , who will tell him that at one time , before certain of the underground colonies were rooted cut , the police themselves only entered in groups . A policeman alone would have been in danger of his life . Tho permanent establishments have been expelled , and the only danger now is from the migratory banditti . This danger is not to be considered as small . The visitor may in all probability have ocular testimony of it . Not unfrequently may be seen men or women , singly or in parties , descending from the daylight , about to take up a position , from whence they may pounce upon any unwary traveller who is worth robbing . " Further on , the writer says : — "The policeman will tell his guest that if a thief who has committed a robbery in the neig hbourhood rushes iuto the dark arches for " concealment , his escape is almost certain . The darkness is so intense , the number of ramifications so great , the holes on the sides of the passages so numerous , that a search is almost futile . And yet the two principal entrances to tho place arc in the Strand , the most crowded thoroughfare in London , and York-buildings , a well-built , well-lighted street , leading down to the river . Here are misery and vice rampant in the very midst of luxury and hig h civilization ! As the visitor proceeds farther , he will , if it is early in the morning or late in the evening , find that his precaution of not venturing alone was not unnecessary . Most of the passages are in a state of nearly total darkness , but his eye gets accustomed to the gloom , and in those places where the obscurity is complete ho will be assisted by the friendly lucifer . . Jftled thus , he will see human beings flitting about , on the whole of whose faces misery has laid an indelible mark . Vice and ferocity are but too evidently expressed on the countenances of many . He is in the midst of a subterranean world , which has lost ull symputby with tho world above . Some of the passages are lighted by holes pierced from the roof to the surface of the everv-duy earth , but the prevailing characteristic is gloom . " The air is murky , and seems an atmosphere iitted for the beings who have made it their dwellingplace . We listen without any surprise to the tales of women being found in those recesses half eaten up with vermin . It is only the lowest orders of creation who would voluntarily take up their abode there . And yet some have dono so , involuntarily , who were as capable as tho hundreds who lived over their heads of taking an honourable part in the duties of life . A literary man of immense attainments , now alive , had for a long time no other home than was afforded to him by these jpetched caverns . He is now usefully and honourably employed ; but in tho times wo speak of misery made him acquainted with bedfellows who would have plundered him without remorse had he boon worth p lundering . Cantabit vacuus viator . Hit empty purso gave him security . "

      Quieting Powders. The Trial Of Betny M'M...

      QUIETING POWDERS . The trial of Betny M'Mullan , for tho wilful murder of her husband at Ilolton , on the 2 nd of July , took place at Liverpool on Friday week . Tho auo wan Bingular , as exhibiting a custom very prevalent at Uolton among women who Imvo drunken husband * . Such was the case with Botsy M'Mullan ; nnd she administered to the deooa 8 ed ( whowa 8 u flour dealer ) some powder * procurable utchemiBtB '» liopHin Bolton under tho name of quietnesa , and which consist of antimony and cream of tartar . This wub dono several times , and the man died . Aue poirjon appear * lo liuvo boon mixed with hi * loud ; and it also cumo out that the man and his wife , who were both intemperate , had been in the habit of quarrelling ; on ono of which occasions the woman throw a curvingknife und a rolling-pin ut hor husbund . M'Mulhm was irritated with hor for going to a fortune-toiler , aua

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 30, 1856, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_30081856/page/7/