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No . 34 . SATURDAY , NOVEMBER 16 , 1850 . Price 6 d .
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News of the Week— Page Miscellaneous 798 Oim ? n Council— Marston ' a Philip of Franco ........ 810 The Anti-Popery Movement 7 U 4 Eubovban Ukhocuact — Our Schools .-is they Oag-ht to be .. 80 ") Yates ' . s Vindication of Unitnriauism 811 The Thvciitentifl War in Germany .. 794 Tlu : Italian National Committee .. 8 J 0 l . ctiar . « on Unit : iri : i » i * in iSOO Hooks on our Table KH The President's Message 795 Associative Pkookrss— Unittuiaiium Defended 807 Tme Airrv—Mr . Cobden on Peace 7 « J 5 Working Associations of Paris .... SOI IV . Smiles and the Working Ulass .. 807 The Templar , 8 I » The Fugitive Slave Bill 79 tf Public Affaiks— nationalism Versus the Bishop of Novelties , and ltevivals 812 The Exhibition of 1851 796 The Hoot of the Evil 803 London 808 Pickcrduill ' ii Compositions from the The " Crystal Palace" 79 U Justice to Catholics 802 The ltishops of Knsjlaiul aud the Life of Christ 812 The Democratic Conference 797 Our Expensive Shopkeepini ? System 803 Bishops of Rome 808 Portfolio—The National Reform Association .. 797 Don ' t Let the Bull See Scarlet 803 Lord Lei ^ h on Calvinism 808 Kinkel is Free » ld Testimony in Favour of Secular The Curse of Labour and the Bless- Political Union * 808 Trinkets from Deutschland 813 Education 798 in ? of Labour 804 Exhibition of 1851 888 Commkiicial Affairs—An Affair of Honour 798 Social Reform—XVII . —Le Droit au LiTEtiATUitB— Markets , Gazettes , Births , Mar-Another Colliery Explosion 798 Travail . No . 2 804 The History of Woman 809 riagcc . &c 814-1 G
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V _^ "The one Idea which History exhibits a 3 evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea or Humanity—the noble endeavour to throw down alL the barriers erected between men by prejudice and one-sided views ; and by setting aside the distinctions of Religion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human raco as one orotherhood , having one great object—the free development of our spiritual nature . "—Huuboldt '* Cosmos . »
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Since the troubled spring of 1848 affairs have never looked more disastrous . The bright November sun flashes back , reflected from the bayonets of mighty armies . Absolutism moves its masses right into the heart of Germany ; Austria and Bavaria dexterously manoeuvring to secure the aid of Russia , and so make three to one against Prussia . Schleswig- H olstehi is but the stalking horse behind which Absolutism may advance , and strike a terrible blow at all Liberalism , " constitutional" or otherwise . Prussia is doomed if she
sent . He will , next session , try what can be done for a sweeping reduction of thin " cheap defence of nations . " The President ' s message , amidst its cheerful statistics and hopeful promises , will give Mr . Cobden a significant fact , viz ., that the reduction of the French navy since 1848 has been considerablefrom 235 ships to 125—and , although this latter number is insufficient " for the protection of French interests , ' * yet French interests , by his own showing , seem to flourish remarkably well . Nothing
can be more encouraging than the condition of France as represented in these dexterous paragraphs . Order and confidence have been restpred ; those who were malevolent . enough to distrust the Government and its supreme wisdom have been silenced by the strong arm of the law , an obedient army , and a purified National Guard . Officials have been removed by hundreds when they happened to be * ' suspects "; the teachers in primary schools whose opinions were not those of "
concede . But her game is desperate if she stand to her arms . Except out of hatred to Austria and Russia no human being sympathizes with Prussia ; her vacillating policy has brought her to this pass ; her courage alone can extricate her . One chance she has . Let her boldly throw herself into the cause of freedom , let her declare she withstands the despotic encroachments of Absolutism , let her fling out to the winds a constitutional standard ,
well-constituted minds , " have been carefully evicted ; such of the National Guard as were lukewarm in their adhesion have been disarmed ; journalists have been imprisoned , fined , ruined ; journals have been " put down "; and by these means unanimity —or something like it—has been restored ; and the public coffers are in a state of unexampled prosperity . Commerce encreases , taxation is lightened ; peace is promised—for France will preserve a strictly neutral policy—and a " revised " constitution may reinstate France in all her glory , with an Emperor to complete a pageant . Making all deductions
and more than half of her German antagonists will pass at once into her rankg . Let her do this uncompromisingly and her chance is not so desperate , for Prussia is a military nation , well disciplined , well armed , strong in innumerable fortresses , and would then be capable of holding a defensive position with much greater effect than her two crippled antagonists , Austria and Russia , could maintain the offensive . Moreover , Italy , Hungary , and Poland are not erased from the map !
from the statements of this message , one thing certainly appears in it , and that is , encrease of material prosperity . The deficit falls from 300 , 000 , 000 to 100 , 000 , 000 ? . ; while 1852 holds out the hope of a balance . On the whole , the message is a creditable document , and one that must materially strengthen the position of the President . But what a shameless front he must have to proclaim , in the presence of all Europe , that he has overthrown " the party in Italy which compromised liberty " ! The French occupation of Rome was essentially so liberal a movement , and the reinstatement of the
That war is imminent no one can deny . The armies are face to face ; blood has already flowed . Austria becomes more arrogant in her demands . Berlin shows every disposition to carry out the policy of Radowitz , and retires upon Cassel , having evacuated Fulda ; her people are roused to a sort of enthusiasm by an insult offered to the nation , though they showed no disposition to fight for a Cabinet policy j journals are belligerent in tone j barracks are animated with hope ; and the universal concentration of the forces looks like
something more than mere parade . Meanwhile amidst the " clang of arms" and assiduous p ipe-clay , while all Europe holds its breath in anticipation of the outburst , the Peace Congress calls a meeting at Wrexharn , and there its great orator , Richard Cobden , not at all alarmed by the trundling of artillery parks over the Continent , repeats his " practical" arguments derived from the costliness of war , and standing under the shadow of the now oracular Peel , advocates an encrease of that " defencelessness" which throws Sir Francis Head into
Pope so conducive to freedom I The Pope is not regarded with so loving an eye in England : his recent " aggression" still infuriates the Protestants . Meetings are held everywhere ; the old stupid arguments are reiterated , the foolish claptraps of rhetoric pass for bursts of irresistible eloquence . Lord John Russell ' s extremely contemptible composition is eulogized for its " vigorous " style , and its " bold vindication of the principles of the Reformation "; few stop to ask whether it was not an adroit net thrown out among
bitter is the No-Popery feeling that men are demanding a return to the old days of iniquitous persecution . At the Christ ' s Hospital meeting a Mr . Woods made a sensible motion to omit from the memorial to her Majesty all mention of exacting pains and penalties , on the ground that it was a violation of religious liberty . If Popery was to be successfully resisted , he said it must be by the spread of knowledge among the masses , and by an encrease of zeal in the preaching of Protestant truth . Of course , the motion was unanimously rejected . Pains and penalties are so much more summary a method ; besides , education might be troublesome to the Church ! Meanwhile , to add new fuel to the
flames , there comes the announcement that Scotland also is to be " invaded , " and its seven newdioceses are already marked out . What will the old Covenanters say to that ? For the Catholics , they are calmly prepared to meet the storm of obloquy , and to maintain their right . The letter of the Bishop of Northampton is a temperate , but firm , expression of the Catholic view of the matter , which ought to open the eyes of the candid . In home politics the most significant , though not the most signal , fact of the week is the address of the Democratic Conference to the various bodies
of Reformers throughout the country . Want of union , and want of sustained interest , have hitherto been the chief causes of failure in all popular reform movements . The great object of the Conference has , therefore , been , to lay down a scheme of action which shall not only secure the hearty cooperation of the working classes , but which , must also command the support of earnest
reformers in every class . The programme now issued is simple and comprehensive . It seeks the enactment of the Charter , the nationalization of land , freedom of the press , a national system of secular education , and Jbetter employment of labour , with a more just distribution of the fruits of industry . The question is now referred to the country . It is for the People to say whether the Conference haa succeeded in meeting their wishes and wants .
Amid these causes of agitation , political and religious , the late terrors of burglary have vanished , and the week is peculiarly ' * flat" in crimes of violence j so that all the attention of the public can be given to Continental wars and disclosures of " Popish plots . " There have , indeed , been two or three suicides , which will , no doubt , confirm , the French in their belief touching the tendencies of " gloomy November ; " but we question whether the
number of deaths from that cause last week have been more numerous than during any week in the dog-days . The disgraceful charge against a clergyman at Brentwood has fallen to the ground for want of evidence . The poor girl has been terrified by her mother into a denial of all that she said in her original statement , and thus the clergyman is allowed to go free , although lus guilt is unquestionable .
a fever . The danger we are in he holds to be a possible evil ; our taxation is an undoubted one . Of the fifty millions required by the Government for its expenses , about seven millions , he says , are required for the real purposes of Government ; the rest goes for pipeclay and blue jackets , / mf and pre-[ Town Edition . ]
the fishes , though it can be no secret to any party that his object was to make " political capital" out of the folly of the day . Disraeli also seizes the occasion for a hit at Ministers ; and the Bishop of Exeter is not sorry to be able to give a side blow to both the Ministers and the Low Church party . So
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 16, 1850, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1859/page/1/
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