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obstacles in the way of general education . ( 'Hear , ' and applause . ) Now , he was not going to take any undue advantage of the presence of the Chancellor of the Exchequer , and say what taxes he should take off ( 'Hear , hear , " and laughter )—he was not going , on the part of Halifax , to claim any exclusive consideration when the Chancellor came to settle his budget { laughter ); but the Chancellor did , as they all knew , once a year set the horoscope of their financial-fate , and he felt it was important to have the privilege of speaking in the hearing of a Chancellor of the Exchequer , for if they could persuade him that there existed great impediments to knowledge which he might remove , who knew but that he might remove them and afford them relief ? ( Much into
laughter and cheers . ) Now , when they went a cotton mill , and looked at rubbish called cotton waste , they would say it was a strange idea for any Chancellor of the Exchequer to think of putting a tax on that . And" if they were to see the great waggon full of rags ' going through the town , they would say that was a queer sort of commodity for a Chancellor to put a tax upon . ( 'Hear , hear , ' and laughter . ) And true enough he never did think of taxing this waste and these rags . These were sometimes converted into a sort of wadding , and used for firing off fowling pieces—wadding for a gun . Still the Chancellor did not think that was a proper thing to tax , But these things were sometimes converted mto reams of paper , which were made into primers and arammars ; and then , although the Chancellor did no " t tax the article with which parties might
shoot a partridge or a snipe , yet when it was converted into an article to teach a young idea how to shoot , forthwith his excellent friend , their representative , placed an exciseman on the paper , and before it could be used in their schoolrooms and libraries he put a tax upon it . ( Loud cries of ' Hear , hear , ' and immense cheering . ) Now , he ( Mr . Cobden ) was sure the Chancellor was ashamed ofeverythinghetook from this source . ( Laughter and cheers . ) It was only because there was a struggle going on in the minds of statesmen whether the tax on paper or the tax on soap were the more abominable and unjustifiable—it was only because we had so many of these bad taxes , that the Chancellor was able quietly to walk those towns in which they had mechanics' institutions , after taking money in this way out of their pockets . " ( Laughter . )
In a similar spirit he pointed out how tne Chancellor taxed newspapers and advertisements , and then said that he could do little for education , but must leave it mainly in the hands of the people .
MOIITHAMPTON . The people of Northampton met to take possession of a new stack of buildings set apart for the use of the Institution . Earl Fitzwilliam took the chair . All the company were in full dress , and the assembly was quite of an aristocratic character . Mr . Layard delivered a speech of some interest , the chief point of which was that he defended the people from the charge that they were not susceptible to the beautiful in art , and insisted that art ought to be move largely employed in education . Both ho and EMrlFitzwillium < hvelt also at great length on the additional evidence iurnished by the discoveries at Nineveh of the authenticity of the Uible .
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Til 10 NEWS FUOM AMERICA . By the Africa , which arrived on Monday at Liverpool , we have papers from the United States up to tin : . ' 5 rd of I ) eee ; nber . Kossuth had not arrived , but was expected on that day ; and great preparations "were being made to welcome him . Congress niut on the 1 st of . December . The Democratic party have good majorities in both jlouses ; and Lyner lioyd , a Democrat , has been elected Speaker of the House of Representatives . la the Senate , Mr . Foot . e laid sonic noticeable resolutions on the table : one , a joint resolution of both Houses providing for the due reception of ICossuth ; ji second , authorizing the opening of negotiations between the United States and Kngliind for the liberation ot' the Irish Kxilcs ; and a third , proposing that the acts known as the Compromise Acts respecting slavery be considered as a final and delinit . e settlement of the slavery question . 'The President ' s Message was read in both Houses on the' 2 nd of December . tjik m i : ssa ( ji :. Thin i . s not a very remarkable document , and contains only two or three points of European in-¦ tereM ,. These are . tin : Cuban ufl ' iiir , the right of search growing out of that , an incidental declaration of foreign policy , and a brief allusion to KohhuI . 1 i . I ' resident Fillinore of course condemns the ( Julian expedition , and excuses the want of vigour on the j ) iirl . of the executive in not preventing the departure of the Pampero , on the ground that the immense ; hea boaid of the United St . it . es Milords sueli great , facilities for the Midden departure of illegal expeditious . Hut the threat , ot interference on the part , of Kn » -lau < l and . France is met , by a strong declaration that , the United States do not recognize the rig ht , of search : — "The principle wliieli this Go vei linienl . lias heretofore solemnly announced it . still adheres to , and will maintain under all circumstances aiul at . all hazaids . That . principle is , that , in ev < ry regularly documented merchant ¦ veHticl , i ' he crew who n . ivigaW' it , and tlio . se on bu . ud ot it , will find their protection in the Hag which is over them . iNo Ainericiin .-iliip can be allowed to lie visited or searched lor the wurpoHi ! of ascertaining tlie character of indi--vidualH on board , nor can I . lie re lie allowed any watch !> y the vcHtseln of any foreign , nation over American vchhcIw
on the coasts of the United States or the seas adjacent thereto . It will be seen by the last communication from the British Charge d'Affaires to the Department of State , that he is authorized to assure the Secretary of State that every care will be taken that , in executing the preventive measures against the expeditions , which the United States' Government itself has denounced as not being entitled to the protection of any Government , no interference shall take place with the lawful commerce of any nation . " The Spanish Consul at New Orleans , whose office was attacked immediately on receipt of the news of the excution of the " fifty" at Havanna , it is proposed to indemnify pecuniarily and by an apology . So much for Cuba .
The incidental allusion to the foreign policy of the United States , as understood by President Fillmore , is as follows : — " Friendly relations with all , but entangling alliances with none , has long been a maxim with us . Our true mission is not to propagate our opinions , or impose upon other countries our form of government , by artifice or force ; but to teach by example , and show by our success , moderation and justice , the blessings of self-government , and the advantages of free institutions . Let every people choose for itself , and make and alter its political
institutions to suit its own condition and convenience . But , while we avow and maintain this neutral policy ourselves we are anxious to see the same forbearance on the part of other nations , whose forms of government are different from our own . The deep interest which we feel in the spread of liberal principles and the establishment of free governments , and the sympathy with which we witness every struggle against oppression , forbid that we should be indifferent to a case in which the strong arm of a foreign power is invoked to stifle public sentiment and repress the spirit of freedom in any country . "
There is a diplomatic reserve about the Kossuth paragraphs which may pass for dignity with some , but which will be looked upon as evasive and reactionary by most persons . " The Turkish Government has expressed its thanks for the kind reception given to the Sultan ' s agent , Amin Bey , on the occasion of his recent visit to the United States . On the 28 th of February last a despatch was addressed by the Secretary of State to Mr . Marsh , the American Minister at Constantinople , instructing him to ask of the Turkish Government permission for the Hungarians , then imprisoned within the dominions of the Sublime Porte , to remove to this country . On the 3 rd of March last , both Houses of Congress passed a resolution , requesting the President to authorize the employment ot a public vessel to convey to this country Louis Ivossuth and his associates in captivity .
" The instruction above referred to was complied with , and the Turkish Government having released Governor Kossuth and his companions from prison , on the lOtii of September last , they embarked on board the United States' steam-frigate Mississippi , which was selected to carry into effect the resolution of Congress . Governor Kossuth left the Mississippi at Gibraltar , for the purpose of making a visit to England , and may shortly be expected in New York , liy communications to the Department of State he has expressed his grateful acknowledgments for the interposition of this Government in behalf of himself and his associates . This country has been justly regarded as a safe asylum for those whom political events have exiled from their own homes in Kurope ; and it is recommended to Congress to consider in what manner Governor Kossuth and his companions , brought hither by its authority , kIulII he received and treated . "
There are other topics of minor importance treated of . Mr . Fillmore states that it is hoped a satisfactory treaty will be come to , between the States and the French Republic , guaranteeing the independence of the Sandwich Islands , which will be « o useful as rulVeshing stations for the merchant navies of all the world . Also , he trusts that the independence of the Isthmus of Tehuantepee will be secured , and made the highway from ocean to ocean for all the world . The linances arc in a most prosperous state , and a large surplus is in the Treasury . The passages respecting the tariff are decidedly Protectionist , and the conversion of ad valorem into specific duties recommended . Altogether , perhaps , the dullest of Presidential Me . swagen .
KOSHIITII IN AM KICK ; A .. When the steamer left New York , on the 3 rd , Kossuth was momentarily expected . On this head the Ncio York Tribune writes : — " The American people will receive him with a degree of enthusiasm unparalleled in our history , save , perhapn , by the reception of Lii Fuyette . lli » journey through the lurid promised to bo a triumphal progress . The popular masseis will hail him with ovations us sincere an they arc universal . Municipal authorities and legislatures will do him honour . Everywhere In ; will be welcomed with joy and listened to with interest . llin coiiiiiirr
uuiong us is then an event , ot magnitude , and of its intlueucc ( something niiiHt . remain . Undoubtedly the most active impulse in lvun . sut Ii ' k mind is patriotism . II i . duty to his country he ban alwuyti regarded an the . first of duties , lie himself in nothing and Inn country everything in his emulation . JMot only the fact that be iti one ol her children , but the position in which he has been placed , IioMh ium for ever and without , relaxation to her Hervice . Hut . her ouune Providence Iiuh willed to be the < : aune of Kurope and of Immunity , ami tlniH the patriot , pleading in behulf of Hungary unil against her oppressor *) , is not confined to the interests of that country ; he , is the advocate ui ' univcrsul rightH , of the libertiea of a continent ,
of the welfare of the race . On such a mission he come * to America . " * - «» ae 3 Not only New York is anxious to welcome Kossuth as the representative of the cause of European libertv The Cincinnati Citizen refering to the attempt madV to blacken his character says : — " If Kosauth needed anything to insure him a heartv welcome in this country , it has been supplied by tlie letter of the infamous ' attache ' who endeavoured to render him obnoxious to the American people by the fabrication of a story since clearly proved to be totally false . Though we did not believe the statement that Kossuth had acted in the manner attributed to him towards the commander and officers of the < Mississi ppi •' yet we confess we thought there might have been sorne
slight misunderstanding between them , upon other grounds than those stated—some shadow of a foundation upon which the employe of Austrian wickedness grounded his tale ; but it turns out to be absolutely a miserable lie from beginning to end . Not an uncourteous word passed between the noble victim of this vile slanderer and Captain Long . No misunderstanding whatever took place , or no proceeding of M . Kossuth ' s ever endangered the consistency of the American Government . ° The discomfiture of this scheme to bring the gallant Magyar into disrepute will have the effect of disarming those writers who are seeking to misrepresent him ; as well those who are urged by malignant motives , as those who are impelled by a natural tendency towards monarchical institutions . "
TheNeiv York Herald attacks the Times for the joint offence of depreciating Ko 3 suth and abusing the United States ; but says the Times is welcome to all the political capital it can make from , the latter
source : — " The only effect it will have will be to make the people of the United States unite heart and soul with the free people of Europe , in sympathizing with the oppressed people of the Continent , and perhaps make our next Presidental election turn on the great question of what our new foreign policy is to be , in reference to the struggle between freedom and despotism in the Old World . Of course , when the editor of the Herald penned these words , he did not know that the Times itself was the latest and most distinguished convert to the Anglo-American alliance . As the American steamer Prometheus was leaving
Greytown , Mosquito coast , on the 21 st of November , a party o men boarded her and demanded port dues . Her captain refused to pay them , and sailed away . Wherupon an English brig of war , said to be authorized by the King of Mosquito , sailed after her , fired at her twice , and brought her back . The captain then paid , under protest . By the Atlantic , which arrived on Wednesday , we learn that instructions have been sent to the American Ambassador in London to demand an immediate explanation . Kossuth landed at Staten Island shortly after the arrival of the Humboldt , and met with a brillant reception . He stated that he was indisposed . As the
Humboldt entered the bay Kossuth was saluted by the discharge of thirty-one guns , which was returned on the part of the steamer . On his arrival at Staten Island , a large number of the people , notwithstanding the lateness of the hour , rushed down to the dock to welcome him . Dr . Doane , the Health Ofliccr at Quarantine , addressed the noble guest , to which the lafer replied in a brief and appropriate manner . His fellow countrymen , who have been for some time awaiting his arrival in this city—our citizen soldiery , and the others present , seemed perfectly frantic with joy , and made the neighbouring shores reecho with their shouts of admiration and delight .
Arrangements were in progress for processions , meeting * , and banquets , and the New York papers were literally crowded with matter having reference to the arrival ol the hero . Kossuth made five short speeches , on the . Oth and Gth of December . He was received with inconceivable enthusiasm . Uis speeches had only one fault in the conception of an American audience — they were not long enough ! The address presented to him in Castle Garden named him aw ( jJovcrnor of Hungary .
" I thank you for your words naming me Governor of Hungary , " he exclaimed ; " 1 thank yon for it , because it . is a nomination from the heart of the people ol the Uniteu Slates , whom L have the honour to address and a recognition of the rightful existence of the dcclaiation of the independence of Hungary . ( Load c / icn . v . } Now , gentlemen , I freely declare that 1 believe unpeople of the United Suites are bound m honour and duty to recognize , tlii . s deolnration of independence iih a righteous , existing fact , because yoiy" existence imposes on n similar declaration . ( Vociferous app lause . ) i declaration of the independence of Hungary is the <» niy existing recognition among nations . It . was not the p « ' iiouncement ol » purty , but of the whole people l « wl «» y mbled in — as your loiefathciM w i .-
asse Congress assembled when they put forth their K lorious . lei . i . iriitmn of independence . - -and sanctioned ' 0 ^' , * village and municipality of the whole country . Aim the declaration of the independence of Hungary > i < ' in no contrary declaration from any people ; aii ( I , tn < i fore , I have the right to nay that tin . d .-.-li . rat .. " ! . of - independence of Hungary exist .-. n ht ully in tl «»> «« ' « - power of right " »<» »' lwflU « xiHt « -iM : r . , What i « . < ;<> ""' to its exigence ? Contrary to it is the Czar of Ku * h « . , u « you know * foreign Power , who liiul no i K to intermeddle with Hungariun uHiuih , who had uiuui-
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1202 & % * ittfflir ^ r * [ Saturday
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 20, 1851, page 1202, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1914/page/6/
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