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four inches wide , which , the wanton , wind often made much broader . It was very clear that false hips and other civilized contrivances had not reached here , and it was equally clear that they were not needed to give fUUness to the female figures hich we saw around us . All the women had their hair braided in two long locks which hung down behind , and . which gave them a school-girly look quite out of keeping / with the cool , deliberate manner in which they puffed their cigsirs , occa-* onally forcing the smoke in jets from their nostrils . Their feet were innocent of stockings , but the more fashionable ladies wore silk , or satin slippers , which ( it " s hoped Our scrutiny , was not indelicately close ) were quite as likely to be soiled on the inside as the out . A number had gaudy-coloured rebosos thrown over their heads , and altogether , the entire group , with an advance-guard of wolfish , sullenlooking curs , was strikingly novel , and not a little picturesque . " Or like this : —
... "We then sauntered through the town , looking into the door-ways , catching occasional glimpses of the domestic economy of the inhabitants , and admiring not a little the perfect equality and general good understanding which existed between the pigs , babies , dogs , cats , and chickens . The pigs gravely took pieces of tortillas from the mouths of the babies , and the babies as gravely took other pieces away from the pigs . B— — observed that this was as near an approach to those millennial days when the lion and the lamb should lie down together as we should probably live to see , and suggested that a particular ' note' should be made of it for the comfort of Father Miller and the Second-Advent Saints in general . " Obliged , by necessities of space , to restrain ourselves in the matter of extract , we pass by several longer passages for this , which " comes home to the business and— -breakfasts of men : —>"
CHOCOLATE . "' He who has drunk one cup , ' says Cprtez , in one of his letters , ' travel a whole day without any other food , especially in very hot climates ; for chocolate is , by its nature , cold and refreshing / And the quaint old traveller in Central America , Gage , devotes a whole chapter to its praise , the manner of its use , and its effects on the human system . He asserts that chocolate ' is an Indian name , compounded from atl , which in the Mexican language signifies water , and chocochoco-choco , the sound which water makes when stirred in a cup / He claims for it a most healthful influence , and bears his testimony as follows : ' For myself , I must say , I used it for twelve years constantly , drinking one cup in the morning , another yet before dinner , between nine and ten of the clock ; another within an hour or two after dinner , and another between four and five in the afternoon ; and
when I purposed to sit up late to study , I would take another cup about seven or eight at night , which would keep me waking till about midnight . Arid if by chance I did neglect any of these accustomed hours , I presently found my stomach fainty . And with this custom . I lived for twelve years in these parts , healthy , without anyLobstructions , or oppilations ; not knowing what either fever or ague was /"
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MR . GLADSTONE'STtEJOINDEB TO NAPLES . 4 n Examination of the Official Reply of the Neapolitan Government . By the Eight _ Hon . W . E . Gladstone , M . P . for the University of Oxford . Murray . Mb , Gladstone's exposure of the official defence of the Neapolitan Government is as crushing as his original attack , which provoked that defence . His opinion of the defence , as a whole , is thus expressed in the beginning of the present pamphlet : — . " I have termed the production before me a reply which is no confutation , nor even an attempt at one ; and I must freely confess that my first quarrel is with its title . It is called ' A Review of the Errors and Misrepresentations published , ' tfnd so forth ; but , if the object of a title be to give a correct description , it ought to have been denominated 'A Tacit Admission of the Accuracy of Nine-tenth Parts
6 f the Statements contained in Two Letters to the Earl of Aberdeen / For those Who do not enter into the cas& , it sounds very well when they are told that the errors and misrepresentations , or , as they have in some quarters been called , falsehoods and calumnies , of my Letters have been answered ; but I now assert , without fear ev en of challenge , that nine-tenths of my most startling assertions are passed by in total silence in the Apology of the Neapolitan Government . And I suppose it is no extravagant assumption if I treat that silence ^ in an answer that made its appearance three or four months after the parties were made acquainted with the charge , as simply equivalent to an admission of the facts . " After some preliminary remarks in the same strain , Mr . Gladstone criticises the defence point by point ; . He divides his reply into four parts . In the first part , he notices and retracts certain small statements
in his former pamphlet , in which he now believes that he was mistaken ; in the second , he notices those cases in which his former assertions have been contradicted by the Neapolitan Government , but in which he still sees ground to adhere literally to what he said ; in the third , he points out cases in which the Neapolitan government , without at all really contradicting what he said , has tried to produce an impression of such contradiction being offered ; and , in the fourth , he alludes to certain contradictions offered by Mr . Macfarlane , and other volunteers in the defence of the Government of Naples , but totally omitted in the official reply . After waiving aside the miserable petty quibbles of the Neapolitan volunteers—Mr . Charles Macfarlano and Mr . Gondon , Mr . Gladstone launches out into general political considerations , apropos of the relation of such enormities as those of the Neapolitan Government , to the
Prospects of the cause of good government in general , and especially © t Conservatism . Wo like this part of the pamphlet the least . Even more than Mr . Gladstone ' s first pamphlet , it shows his indisposition to ? 'Jo the height of the question—his morbid affection for all that calls itself calm . Mr . Gladstone may be assured , that let him draw such enormities as those of Naples ever so clearly into the light of judicial investigation , their cure is irrevocably bound up with those , larger questions of popular government , and Italian unity , from which he so punctiliously abstains . With this exception , howeyor ; ( and if Mr . Gladstone lives Jong , he will perforce find himself pushed forward into those gcneral'poliwcal speculations from which he now shrinks , ) the pamphlet is an honour to jts author and a credit to England . Mr . Gladstone , however , is not a member of our now Tory government : and it is to bo surmised that the ifcoyal executioner of Naples may find a more indulgent critic in the intimate personal friend '' of M . liouis Bonaparte , than in the Conservative colleague of Sir Kobert Peel .
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BOOKS ON GtJR TABLE . The Christian Congregation . A Discourse delivered in the Eemonstrant Presbyterian Meeting House , York-street . By David Maginnifi , Minister . The one religious Idea which the Z < eader \\ a . s from its commencement enforced and illustrated—that , namely , of a truly Catholic Church , embracing every variety of opinion within its unity of sentiment : — -is every month assuming a more practical shape ; every month we receive fresh tidings of successful propaganda . The Discourse now before us was addressed to a Congregation such as we have described . See how plainly Mr : Magbxms , the minister , ; speaks- ^ -- ( h& has been describing the lip-homage of conformity ) : —
. 1 hardly know which to condemn the more severely—the mean , cowardly , fashionled _ creatures , that thu s make shipwreck of faith and a good conscience ; or the churches , which , by requiring profession of certain opinions as the condition of membership , encourage , if not cause , such a deadl y infidelity . "Again : unity of opinion is an . impossible basis . Perfect agreement , on a variety of speculative subjects , is not attainable by any considerable number of persons . And when it is professed , I hesitate not to say that it is the unity either of mental death or of b . vpocrisy . If there be unity , it is the unity of unthinking minds who receive their opinions on trust , who allow themselves to be spoon-fed by their religious teachers , who unquestioningly receive their church ' s creed , and being hers , would swear to it , if necessary . But , 3 they are men who think and judge for themselves , and yet profess to think all alike , to hold exactly the same opinions , I tell you , it is the profession of hypocrites . — -The uniformity-of-opinion theory has been tried for centuries , and it wul not work . Every sect in Christendom has attempted it and failed . Instead of
'producing real unity , it has caused new differences , and therewith new sects . And this is to be expected . As thinkers multiply , sects multiply ; and , if the course be persevered in , the result must be actual individualism in its worst form;—each person isolated from every other , —his points of difference projecting like the quills of the porcupine , and preventing all intimate connexion or friendly co-operation with his neighbour . Not such an issue did Christianity contemplate , still less desire ; nor such a state of things does humanity require for the full culture of man ' s whole nature—for the faithful performance of life ' s sacred duties . This to accompl ish demands the union of men all in a common affection , in a common interest , in united labours of usefulness and love;—to secure which the uniting bond must be—not unity of opinion , but—unity of heart and of aim ; a common desire the truth to know , a common desire to aid and be aided in forming character—the soul's aspirations , the mind's thoughts , the whole life , in conformity with the will divine . "
Polonius : a Collection of Wise Saws and Modern Instances . * v . Pickering Poiontus , whose grey wisdom tells us that" la verdad es siempre verde—truth is for ever green , " has here collected " instances" from Bacon to Carlyle , which will arrest the idlest reader ; and dull as books of aphorisms are said to be , no one , we think , will pronounce this dull . We cannot but regret , however , that all the aphorisms here collected were not strung together on some thread of bright and pleasant commentary , such as the preface . It is a charming volume .
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The Home Circle , for March . . W . S . Johnson Eraser ' s Magazine . John W . Parker and Son , Tait ' s Magazine . ' . ~ " Simplrin , Marshall , and Co , Bleak Souse . By Charles Dickens . Part I . Bradbury and Evans Writings of Douglas Jerrold—The Story of a Feather . Bradbury and Evans Mr . Sponge ' s Sporting Tow . By the Author of " Handley Cro 39 , " &c . "Illustrated by Leech . Bradbury and Evans The Gardeners' Record , and Amateur Florists' Companion . Edited by Mr . J . T . Neville . Groombridge and Sons The Household Narrative . Conducted by Charles Dickens . 10 , Wellington-street , North Penny Maps . Part XX . Chapman and Hall Life and Adventures ofMervyn Clitheroe . By W . H . Ainsworih . Part IV . Chapman and . Hall The British Journal , for March . W A ^ ° " J ° » Protection and Communism . From the French of M . Bastiat . John W . Parker and Son The Portrait Gallery . Part III . Orr and Co Chambers ' s Pocket Miscellany . Vol . III . Orr and Co The Slingsby Papers ; a Selection from the Writings of Jonathan FreJce Slingsby . Orr and Co , Knight's Companion Library—Half Hours with the Best Authors . By 0 . Knight . Part II . . * * v Charles Knight .
The Companion Shakspere . Part II . . £ h a r | e s £ n ? g h * The Country House , the Ox , and the Dairy . By W . C . L . Martin . Part IY . Charles Knight Curiosities of Industry and the Applied Sciences . By Q . Dodd . Part IV . Ch *™ £ r ? £ * Knight's Pictorial Shakspere—Cymbeline . Part XXII . Charles Knight Knight's Companion Idbrary—The Best Story-Tellers . Part II . # Charles Knight The Book-case—Across theJtocky Mountains from New York to California . By W . Kelly . Sunras and M'Intyre The Burning of the Amazon . A Ballad Poem . By the Hev . C . H . Townahend . _ Chapman and Hall The Four Primary Sensations of the Mind . By John Bell . Chapman and Hall Observations on Mfe Assurance Societies and Saoingbanks , By Arthur Scratohley . , . ¦ John W . Parker and Son Old Eighteen-ffty-one : a Tale for any Day in 1852 . Houlston and Stoneman Segal Home , an Introduction to Roman History . By F . W . Newman . , - , «• v i * ' Taylor , Walton , and Maberly , The Illustrated Exhibitor and Magazine of Art , for March . John Casaell
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MAGNETIC EVENINGS AT HOME . Letteh V . —To G . H . Lewes . You will not be . surprised to hear that the result of our first experiment in clairvoyance had the effect of making my friend and myself ardently desirous of witnessing a second . Nothing we had hitherto seen on any previous evening had ( to use a common but expressive phrase ) so " completely staggered us" as this last phenomenon of the magnetic second sight . To attempt to reason about it seemed perfectly hopeless : there was something too weird and supernatural about the whole process of
clairvoyance for the sort of discussion which men give to practical everyday-wonders . The mysterious shaping of the vision seen by V ; its gradual growth on the mirror , from a round spot to separate arms and legs , and thence to a perfect human figure—that figure the exact similitude of a person whom the clairvoyant had never seen ; the working of the occult spiritual sympathies which taught her ( unaided by the faintest hint , the slightest betrayal of emotion from any one present ) , first , vaguely to connect the vision she saw with me , then instinctively to assist herself by contact with my hand and connexion with my thoughts , in discovering the relationship which had been rigidly and entirely kept a secret from her—these were marvels that defied logical analysis as completely as they outraged logical probabilities , All that we had seen and heard literally passed belief ;
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March 6 , 1852 . ] THE LEADER . 231 '
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We should do our utmost to encourage the Beautiful , for the Useful encourages itself . — Gobthe .
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Leader (1850-1860), March 6, 1852, page 231, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1925/page/19/
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