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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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If there were any fault on their part which contributed to the death of Ogilvie , they were guilty of the charge , whichever way they took it . " It was of no importance that what seemed to be the concomitant of every railway catastrophe , several other persons were involved m it . They had to say if guilt was proved against the persons charo-ed . It was not enough to consider the charges merely as breaches of the rules of the railway company .. It was only so far as the acts of negligence led to danger of life that the rules were of importance . The testimony ot the manager , Mr . Rowbotham , showed how dreadful was which such lax notions
the result of that carelessness on the part of superior officers on railways encouraged . It showed how heavy was the responsibility of superior officers ti-lio would take on themselves to support such views as to the duty of their inferiors . It was by the pronatation of such notions , by railway superiors sanctioning euch lax and such dangerous tampering with minutes , by encourag ing them to run such risks , by holding out that such things could be done within a minute or two , that the safety of the public was endangered daily ; and most heavy was the moral and the legal responsibility of persons who held out such doctrines as these .
The Jury retired , and after half an hour ' absence , returned with the following verdict : —Wilson , Guilty of culpable neglect of duty in not clearing the station , and M'Donald also Guilty , with this extenuation , — that he was under the impression that he should attend to the orders of the guard . The next day another official was tried , "but the charge ag ainst him was " not proven . " But the trial disclosed the fact , that there was no ind ividual having
charge to direct th e succession of trains leaving Edinburg h station , so that a goods train and a passenger train mig ht be started simultaneously , there being no communication between the two departments . Several of the witnesses stated , that the rules of the company were generally understood to be inapplicable to , and were not generally acted upon at , the Edinburgh station ; and the great laxity that prevailed was warmly commented on by counsel on both sides .
The Lord Justice Clerk , in summing up , said that , after the disclosures that had been made , it was plain that on another such occasion it " would be the parties responsible for maintaining such a state of things that would be put at the bar—directors or manager . _ The same state of matters seemed to have been continued even after this accident , and neither the manager nor the directors seemed to have taken any steps whatever to prevent the repetition of such accidents . Of course such a state of things was maintained at their own peril ; and if another such catastrop he occurred , they had received a pretty plain intimation as to how the public prosecutor would deal with those who persisted in maintaining it . Wilson was sentenced to eighteen months'
imprisonment , and M'Donnld , who was recommended to mercy by the iury , to four months . In England , Miss Barlow , a governess , lias obtained 3761 ., as compensation , from the Lancashire and Yorkshire ' Kiuhvtiy Company , for injuries received in an accident at the Bootle-lune station . Our readers will perceive with wonder that we have no railway accident to chronicle this week in our journal .
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I . ETTKIt FROM TUB EDITOR OF THE "MHRMAID . " I FitOM a letter received from Australia , written by Mr Henry Thomtis Holyoake , we make the following extracts oi > - » u-tic : il interest . It is dated Melbourne , December , IN 5 2 , and addressed to us . ] Sib ,- —Tho readers of I he Leader may perhaps be glad of n practical fact or two from thin quarter , where 1 have arrived just long enough (<> look round mo . Anyhow you liiuv be ' willing <<> tolerate a communication lrom u eo-( irinrino ) journalist , for inlo such I have l . ceri transmuted . Understanding tl . Mt , people who journey" Diggings - ward should U'arn self-relianeo as hooii as possible , i thought
it , prurient , to eullivule thai , quality on this way , and as an introduclion to eolloHii . tf " Nuggets" i" Australia , I tried inylinnd at , collecting oim l » . y tho road . \ on will mvy there are no "digging" on the sea , but , ( hero are digging * everywhere to the open eye and Uio working luuul . <> n hoard llm 1 ' tmumn I found Mr . I ' reston , formerly employed iih a writing clerk in your ollieo , und wo concerted a journal which , not , having Llio ienr of tlio M . amp-ofh < T before ) our eyes , became a regular marine newspaper . In | , ho ueighlMmrhood of t ho Canary Manila . you may net Nomoiwt House ill . ddiance . Wo called our paper the hhrmuld , which 1 compos ,. ! , and Mr . I Won copied , and ... I i _ j ¦ Ii" _ . .,,.,... si . i > . i / . ) i miiitlwM * . 11 ' WMK MOl which sold a ( half vach iihiiiImt . . It wiik not
wo , -u-cnnvn only the Lender of tho Vttmwm , hut was , in . lac . ( compel . itio . t I . eing impossible ) , «¦!>« ' " lending journal ol thorn Hens Wo had numerous subscribers , and when a memorable incident , occurred , a great , demand for our journal ; and when the First Male , Mr . John Jlmiry Allen loll overboard and w « m drowned , Uio copies row i . o Jivo slut-Ihit / s each in 1 \ m captain's cabin . 1 ^ " « " exemplary journalist m . we exomwid a moral influence ; and public dolinquontH , both in l , h <> higher and lower classes in our venm-1 , were careful not . to appear in our " Police Reports liy t . lie end of the voyitge , myself and colleague woro much tho richer for our literary experiment . On Monday morning , October II , lHfi' 2 , wo catno in Hi ( fhi of land . ' On the following morning wo entered Port Philip ULtmdK , und anchored boforo William ' ia Town , in
sight of the town of Melbourne , after a beautiful passage of one hundred days . Before us lay the strand of Australia , stretching for miles round a very grand-looking bay . The sky was blue , and the sun hotter and brighter than in England . After our ship had come to anchor ahout an hour , a little schooner put off to us . We asked the four men who came on board , how the gold diggings were getting on , how provisions sold , and if there were any good and cheap lodgings to be had ? They began to laugh , and with a significant shake of the head , recommended us to stay till we got on shore , and then we should find out . We did not consider that answer satisfactory .
" Well , " said an old man , " can't get a house , room , cellar , or stable for less than 31 . 10 s . per week . " " What does bread sell at ? " we asked . He replied , " 2 s . 6 < 7 . for a 41 b . loaf , and that you can't say will hurt you . Besides , I'll tell you something else- If you want a dinner of common " bread and potatoes , it will cost 2 s . Gd . ; if a bed to sleep in , 5 s . ; and if you have any coppers in your pockets , keep them there , for you -wont get anybody to take them ! " We thought iie was joking , till we wanted to go on shore next morning , when we found every word quite true . We were charged 5 s . a-head to be taken on shore in a steamer , only one mile and a half ; and when we wanted to return to the ship again , the boatmen , demanded 10 s . each . We gave them 7 s . 6 d .
I got on shore by eleven o ' clock , and into Melbourne by one . I had to pay i 5 s . to come in the steamer from the ship to Melbourne , a distance of ten miles . I offered a poor-looking Irishman 10 s . to take my boxes from the ship into the town . He said , " Well , if you can't afford to pay 11 ., I will give you 10 s . ; and put his hand into his pocket and pulled out a handful of sovereigns , and offered me his hand to take from . I told him I did not want his money , tut that I could not pay 11 . " Well , then , " said he , " put your boxes in my dray , and I will take them for nothing , and you shall give me the money some other day . " I ultimately gave him 18 s . It cost me altogether in getting from the Panama to Melbourne , 31 . 6 s . 4 d . The first
thing I did after dinner was to go and look for work as a saddler , having taken the precaution to provide myself with the means of pursuing that avocation if opportunity offered and necessity induced . The first shop I entered afforded me an engagement , where I am now piece-master foreman in Mr . Kida ' s establishment , and I earn , by my own hand labour , 10 ? . per week , On Saturday , November 27 , I settled for four saddles at 31 . 10 s . each ; my wages were consequently 1 U . Yes , the sum of 1 U . for one week ' s work ! You may say you cannot believe it , but it is quite true . There have been more gold diggings discovered this week near Mount Alexander ; and the consequence will be that saddlery will be dearer and wages higher than ever .
There are many men up at the " diggings" making their 507 . and 100 ? . a day . You will doubtless ask why I am not there also . My answer is , I can do better in town . You must remember , that though hundreds are doing well at the diggings there are thousands starving . There are at this moment more than 100 , 000 diggers , and if you divide amongst them the gold found it will not average SI . per man per week . Certainly I might be one of the " lucky dogs , " and make my fortune in a month , but against that you must place nearly 100 , 000 chances . It was my opinion before leaving England , that a man could get more in town , by working for the diggers , than he could by being a digger himself . Experienco has confirmed that impression . Daily there are men coining
down from the diggings wearied and heart-broken at their ill success ; whilst ! on the other hand , there are men coming into town mad with tho dazzling fortunes they hayo made . Putting those facts together , my argument is this . I am getting , and can continue to get , 10 ? . per week . That is sure and safe . Now , I must bo very fortunate indeed if I made more than 10 ? . per week at the diggings . Where tho majority of the new and old comers make a fatal mistake is here . They hear of some digger getting throe , four , live , and even six hundred pounds' worth of gold in a week ; then away they rush , never thinking for a moment that the fortunate man haw , in all probability ,
been digging for six or more months , at an expense of about , (>/ . per week , before meeting with this good luck . If wo consider that a man who gets out of a hole r > 007 . worth of gold , spendH in tho getting M . per week for six months , with the additional expense of being idle-a month before , in preparing to dig , and a month after in disposing of what he has dug , he will not he found to be much better r >( f , either in pocket or health , than the man who him been earning in town 10 / . or oven 07 . per week . I shall do bettor in town than at tho diggings , as will nearly all who know a trade . —Yours faithfully (( he Into ) " EniTOK OK Till ! ' MliltMAMI .
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MISCELLANEOUS . Queen Victoria returned to Buckingham Palace , ou Thursday . Nothing has occurred to break the quietude of the Court . Her Majesty has driven out two or three times , lately ; and Prince Albert has been a good deal on horseback . The guests at the Castle have been all Ministers .
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On Monday next a public meeting will be held at Sydenham , of those favourable to the opening of the Crystal Palace on Sunday . Mr . Peter Taylor will take the chair at seven o ' clock . The friends of Sunday Reform are recornme " nded to be early in attendance on this occasion . Mr . Braithwaite Poole , the manager of the Liverpool station of the North Western Railway , received the men on strike on Saturday ; agreed to pay them wages at the advanced rate , provisionally ; and promised to submit their claims to the proprietors . Thereupon tho men resumed work .
The agricultural labourers of Chipping Warden , a village near Banbury , struck work on Monday . The men have been paid 8 s . pe r week for working from seven to half-past five o ' clock . The masters required them from Monday last to work from half-past six to a quarter to six , for which they proposed to pay them 9 s . per week , being an advance of 1 * . The men refused the terms . They had a meeting , and determined to hold out in a body . The farmers are , it appears , deter mined to have their proposal acceded to if they advance the pay . The miners of the West of England have also struck for an advance ; and during the past week , the coal miners of the ( Jlasgow district , numbering about 2000 men , have been on the strike ; but the employers have acceded to their reqnest , and will pay them an advance , amounting from Gd . to 8 c ? . per day .
Manchester has followed the lend of Liverpool . Tho railway porters of the North Western station there assembled on Thursday , to deliberate on the propriety of obtaining an advance . They proposed that tho manager , Mr . Salt , should meet them . A foreman miggented that they should send a deputation to Mr . Suit . Why did they not at onco lay their caso before him ? Mr . Salt declined to meet them , but would receive a deputation . Very properly the men declined to delegate a lbw who might be singled out for punishment . They waited , thenifore , in n body , on Mr . Suit , who made them a long speech , urging the superior manliness of asking first , and if they Ht . ruek , u course lie should opposes with nil bin power , do it , afterwards , lit ? promised that their demands should be fairly considered .
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During Master tho line old mansion of Paxhill—ono of tho Fili / . iibcthan houses of lOn . st Sussex , coeval with Wukehurst and Hramblctye , mid now tho residence of Mr . Arthur Smith—has been the unit of great festivity . Dancing , private theatricals , fireworks , balloon anoints , and charades , mice-ceding euoh other without intermission . Tho party in the houses comprised Sir Georgo Armyliige , Captain tki Bathe , Mr ., Mrs ., and the Misses Dixon , of WyviUifidkl , Captain Hishop-Culpepne !! , Mr . and Mrs . Bmndrnm , Mr . nnel Mrs . Bemt , tho Missew (' oveiy , Mr « . und Miss Orawiurd , Misw Hay , M ' ikh lleseks , Mr . ( Jollmgwood Ibbiitrion , Mr . Howard KushcII , Mr . A . Pratt Barlow , Mr . Shirley Broe > ks , Mr . T . Knox Holme * , Mr . Potor Cunningham , Mr . Albert
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"I CAN'T THINK WHAT POSSESSED MM TO DO IT . " An elderly respectable-looking man , who gare 1 , 1 io inline of Kdwa ' rd Lam / ley , and described himself na pnvnto secretary to a gentleman , but afterwards admitted that bin name was Fores , and that ho was the secretary and treasurer of the ( , ' auiden-fown Auxiliary Association m connexion with the City of London Mission , was charged til . How-Ktreet , on Wednesday , with stealing two newHimpeiM from a oolfee-nhop . ,,,,,, , i The prosecutor , Henry Wheeler , stated that he kept the Commercial Cofleo-house , in Cliandos-street . At , about half-past , eight o ' clock , on Tuesday evening , witnosH saw tho prisoner in tho codee-room , and having had ownsion to suspect him previously , watched his movements . Shortly afterwards he saw him fold up two newspapers , and plae-o them in his pocket ; and when l » n left , witneKH followed him inlo the street , and taxed him with tho rohhery . J ho prisoner then took the papers out . of his pockot ^ nnd Bald , " Oil , Mr . Wheeler , here are jour newspapers , " tho name lime throwing them down . Accordingly witness gavo him into custody . Tho officer produced a numbor of prints , tracts , papers ,
&c , which he found upon the prisoner . The latter included a list of subscriptions to the Pratt-street Auxiliary Association . The Prisoner—Believe me , your worship , I cannot think what possessed me to take up these papers . I deny that I ever took any before . I had plenty of money to purchase them if I wished to do so . I had been drinking with , a friend , and my mind must have been affected . . Mr . Henry—Can you refer me to any person who knows you , to speak to your character ? The Prisoner—I could do so , but it would be my rum . If this goes forth I am a lost man . of
Mr . Henry—But it must go forth . AH I know you is , that you have committed a robbery , and I shall commit you for tr ial at once if you decline to state where you live . I see by this subscription list that there are several contributors of a guinea each to some religious association . Can you refer to any one of them . The Prisoner—That list was the result of a meeting at the chapel of the Hev . Mr . Rogers , in behalf of our mission . They do not know me except as a servant in the cause . Mr . Henry—Then you decline to give any reference ? The Prisoner ( after a pause)—Then I must confess that mv name is not Langley , and it would bo idle to say that I was drunk . I was not intoxicated . My name is Fores . I am very well known—even in this neighbourhood—as a respectable man . I cannot account for this folly .
The Prosecutor—Last Monday week I saw him separate four pages of the Weekly Dispatch from the other portion of the paper : and after he was gone the pages were missing . The Prisoner—No , no ; I never read the Weekly Dispatch . Never , believe me . Mr . Henry—I shall remand you for a week , in order that the officer may make some inquiries about you . The prisoner begged his worship not to detain him , but he was committed .
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322 THE LEADER . [ Saturday , _
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Leader (1850-1860), April 2, 1853, page 322, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1980/page/10/
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