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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Chbistmas always intimates its approach by literary prognostics , and " coming events cast their Almanacks before them . " This coming season does not promise to be so rich in gift books as the previous years , but Ptmch ' s Pocket Book shows its old familiar face , with Leech and Tew-K 3 EIB humorous as ever . The Pocket Book has fallen off in its literature , but maintains its posi ^ on as a compound of the useful and agreeable . Other Alirianaclcs claim attention—the Iris A Exhibition Almanack , the Magazine of Art Almanack , the Emigrant ' s Almanack , the Almanac A pour Mire , the Almanack de I 'Illustration , the Almanack Comiquealmanacks for every taste and every purse .
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The first volume of Dr . Veron ' s MSmoires oVun Bourgeois de JParis turns out to be more amusing than we anticipated—indeed , it is one of the pleasantest volumes of gossip France has sent us for a long while . Div Yukon does not fill his pages with himself , but with his contemporaries ; and as his experience of Parisian life must have been sufficiently curious and varied , in his avocations of doctor , director of the Qpera , and editor of JLa JRevue de Paris and Le Constituiionnel , we may hope for more piquant details than could have been given had he made himself the hero of his book . As a sample take these two letters . Alexandee Dcmas will be recognized in every line of the following : — "Mi dear Vebon , —This is the way men of talent work .
" I send you one hundred and twenty blank pages , every one of which you will hare stamped by the boy in your office . You will return them to me on Tuesday raorning by the first train . " Ifou will find your volume commenced on coming here to dinner , Tuesday , the 14 th ; and I wiU bring you the volume finished on coming to dine with you , Tuesday , the 21 st . —Ever yours , "A . Ddmas . " This is the way Dijmas works : can you wonder at his fecundity ? Now read this from Geqege Sand : — , "Monsieur , — -You greatly pain me by asking for a volume a month sooner than our engagement prescribes . There is great danger to my health and to the merit of my book in working thus hastily , without allowing myself time to mature the subject , and to make the necessary researches ; for there is no subject so ~ small
but requires much reading and reflection . It appears to me that you make me too much of & stop-gap ; my self-love is not wounded , and I have too much admiration and friendship for Eugene Sue to be jealous of your preference . But if you allow him the necessary time to develope his long and admirable works , I also must , have time to polish my little studies , and I cannot undertake to be ready when the Jui f Errant reposea . All that I can promise you is to do my best , for I have a sincere desire to oblige you . I say nothing of the unpleasantness of Retting to work when I had reckoned on a month ' s repose , very necessary to me . I have already relinquished that idea , and have been at work ever since I received your letter , but how can I , in the space of six weeks , send you a volume which would satisfy either of us ? I do not think it to the interest of your journal to press me thus ; therefore am I somewhat angry with you , although I do not refuse to do whatever may be humanly possible . " George Sand . "
From a letter of Balzac ' s we make one characteristic extract . He had not long been married , and he thus speaks of his extravagance at Dresden : — "Oh , the lovely things there are here ! I have already spent 25 , 000 to 30 , 000 francs on a toilette whicli is a thousand tirifea niore beautiful than that of the Duchesae de Parma . The goldsmiths of the middle ages were very superior to ours , and I have discovered some magnificent pictures . If I stay hero , there will not he a farthing of my wife ' s fortune remaining , for she has already bought a pearl necklace which would drive a saint distracted . "
Vekon gives a curious picturo of the Empire . Beauty was force , ho aays , and herculean proportions were greatly esteemed—onfaisait cas dc larger Spaules , ct de mollets luxuriants . Dancing was so much " tho rage , " that any man who could dance with distinction waa sure to get office : under our Anne it waa verses which openod tho doors of place . Perhaps , after all , thero was not so rnuclj , difference between the two . There are other details in Vekon ' s book equally curious , but not equally to bo cited in public ; journals . Vekon says , wo know not on what authority , that it is not true that Guillotin invented tho instrumontwhich tfoca under his n ^ uno ; it was Antoinn Lotus , secrdtaire porpo ' tuol of the Academic dc Ckirurgic , who , in conjunction with a mechanician named Schmidt , constructed tho first guillotine .
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It in appi-eciablo evidence of tho groAving importance of tho Secularist body , Umi , a , regular publishing establishment should , have boon organized , * i . h it li : i , H boon by Mosaic . IIolyoakic , who luivo opened a shop in FJoet-Ntroet ,, to meet tho wants arising from success . " It lian lately become morp than over necessary that now and unknown friends , iHohitud perhaps in remote districts , should bo able to point to London , whore a fully-known , accessible , evident , and recognised Establishment and representation of their pvinciploH exists , where their reference would lead to tho illustration and vindication of thoir views . Besides , it is duo to tho oxtonding influence of Secular ^ o <; ietieH - it is duo to many persona who now stand upon our aide , and to others who honour uh with counsel— to aflMimo an < l sustain an adequate position . I 3 ou « iit will aoorue to individuals an < l to tho truth . " Such w tho object of thin wow JJ , rm . At tlxo cloao of tho yom % tho business now carried on by Mr . Watbon will bo transferred to Messrs . Holyoake .
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BOOKS ON OUR TABLE . Victoria : late AitstraliaFelix . By W . Westgorth . Oliver and Boyd Sauntering * in and about London . By Max Schlesinger . Nathaniel Cooke . Goldsmith ' s Essays . Nathaniel Cooke Boys and their Rulers . ,-,. « . Nathaniel Cooke History of Alexander the Great . By Jacob Abbott . Nathaniel Cooke History qf William the Conqueror . By Jacob Abbott . ¦ Nathaniel Cooke , Discovery . A Poem . By E . A . Leatham . Walton and Maberly . The Farmer * * Assistant and Agriculturist '« Calculator . ByJ . Greeve . : , ¦ „ ., . Arthur Hall , Virtue , and Co Cookery , Motional , Practical , and . Economical . By H . Keid . W . S . Orr and Co . Avillon , and other Tales . Bythe Author of Mead of the Family . 3 vols . Smith , Elder , and Co . WiUich's Jneome * Tax Tables . Longman and Co . Clotel ; or , the Presidents Daughter . By W . W . Bro \ yn . Partridge and Oakey . Punch ' s FocJcet-bookfor 1854 . Punch Office . The Chemist , A Monthly Journal . No . II . Hig-hley . JBighley ' s Library of Science and Art . Highley . Bohn ' s Classical Library . ~ -The Works of Apuleixts . H . G . Bonn . Bohn ' a EccUniastical Library . —Socrates' Ecclesiastical History . H . G . Bohn . Bohn ' s Standard Library .- —The Works of William Cotvper . Vol . I . H . G . Bohn . Chalmeriana ; or , Colloquies with Dr . Chalmers . By J . J . Gurney . E . Bentley . Bentley " a Railway Library . —Stella and Vanessa . Translated by Lady D . Gordon . E . Bentley . An Account of some Cases of the Epidemic Cholera . By F . A . Bulley . Hamilton and Co . On the Living Language of the Greeks , and its Utility to the Classical Scholar . By John Stuart Blackie , T . R . &E . ' Sutherland and Knox . Bentley ' s Monthly Review . No . VII . J . Bentley and Co . Poems , By M . Arnold . Longman and Co . Caroline ; a Franconia Story . By Jacob Abbott . Ward and Co . Stuydesant ; a Franconia Story . By Jacob Abbott . Ward and Co . Clerical Education . Blaekader and Co . <• Strikes , " Viewed in Relation to the Interest of Capital and Labour . By H . Dunckley . . Hall , Virtue , and C ®
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CHOLERA AND ITS TREATMENT . Asiatic Cholera ; its symptoms , pathology , and treatment . With which is embodied its morbid anatomy , general and minute , translated from a paper by Drs . Jtheinliardt and LeubxiscJier . By Richard . Barwell , late House Surgeon , and . now Demon - strator of Anatomy at St . Thomas ' s . Churchill . Thoughts on Cholera . By Edward Hearne , formerly House Surgeon to University College Hospital . Churchill . We do not usually notice medical books ; but cholera is so much , a topic of general conversation , no less than of pressing importance , that we . may overstep our limits , and call attention to Mr . BarwelTs excellent and . suggestive work . Mr . Bar well commences by enumerating the facts which force the conclusion , that cholera is an epidemic , not a contagious disease , dependent for its manifestation on the presence of a certain physical nidus , not on that moral nidus of sin and heterodoxy which Edinburgh Presbyteries , and other extremely foolish sections of mankind , would have us believe . If it is a scourge , and if the " finger of God" is visibly directing the scourge , the plain experience of 1845 , 1848 , and 1853 is , that vengeance has local partialities : — ' Thus , however powerful and virulent the cholera poison may be , it really seems that the constant local evils are necessary for its development and action , and that , where theae social cesspools do not exist , there the disease is powerless ; as German mystic tales make the hero unassailable by the fiend , xmtil some fault of the man has given power to the demon . " This is something gained : a direct starting point for all men . As old Cromwell bade his soldiers trust in Providence and keep their powder dry , so a modern ruler answers Edinburgh supplicants— " Pray , but clear your p ? g-styes . " We learn , also : —
"It appears , then , that cholera—or rather that influence which produces cholera /—travels from East to West ; that . alone it cannot produce the disease , but that it must also be aided and abetted by some local conditions , which , on their part alone , would produce diarrhoea , typhus , or intermittent fever , as the caso may be ; but whether epidemic cholera be caused by the operation of a mixture ot these two influences , or whether the cholera influence produce that malady by operating on a system well prepared for the attack by a typhus-fever-producing condition , cannot now be judged . Nor is it of great importance ; the material point being , that wo can estimate the amount of epidemic force in ant y part of
England , by studying the returns of deaths in those parts , from zymotic diseases ; that when these gradually go on increasing for a number of years , and when all disease more and more incline towards a low , malignant character , then may we suppose that a time is approaching when some great epidemics shall scourge the land . When we find , moreover , as in London , that all diseases have , in about the last twenty years , altered considerably in character , and deviated from tho previous sthenic , to a debile asthenic type , so that the treatment of many such has lately becomo stimulant , instead of antiphlogistic , —then may we justly conclude that something in our sanitary arrangements iw grievously wrong , for which , sooner or later , the population must suffer . "
After detailing in a mastoi'ly manner the premonitory 83 Tnptoms , and the various causes of Cholera , Mr , Harwell thus Hums up .- — " Cholera , then , is a . malarious disoaBe , of an irregular intermittent type , the cold fit being so violent , a « to form the moHt fatal part of tins m . ilady , ami to take the most prominent place , in all descriptions , and all our idean of tho di . soa . se . " Into tho qu . cst . iou of treatment wo will not enter : it is n , point beyond our jurisdiction altogether ; but wo may note , that Mr . IJnrwell ia decidedly opposed to $ i 0 popular " chalk mixture " " Thus , tho prescription !* should bo aromatic , stimulant , and astringent , and not such as merely clog the bowels by a Hemi-meohanical action , like chalk mixture ,
to which thero ; ire many objections , particularly in tho form of diheano now undid consideration . Of all medicines in tho . Pharmiiooi > a > ia thi « in about the olumNieHt . It may plug the bowels for a time , but tlion i . s , by Uh irritation , pretty mire to . indneo a second unhealthy fonn of diarrhoea , nearly an bad as the first ; or , if it do not fltop tho diarrhceaat oiiee , in perfectly certain to inako it worse , by hanging among the villi of the intoHtines , and keeping up a constant irritation . Thero ih quite enough chalk for any unoiul purpose in the aromatic confection , and that amount ia tho utmost winch , according to my experience , is likely to bonefit tho patient . " Elsowhoro recording tho result of his obfwrvations , ho aays : —
'' When moHt remedies employed had boon found of little efficacy in combating Uki diHoaHO , and when many that , proviouH to the invaHion , had been quite potted and eulogised by different dootorn an all but infallible , had been discovered to bo perfectly uflploSH , people began to look about them for other moans , and many different lnotbodn wore attempted , and many remedies administered , merely because they wove new and had not hwn tried before , while others wore- taken into trial upon the recommendation of continental physicians . Thus mercury , in birgo and small dosos ; opium in different ways ; brandy , emotion , hhUuos , chloroform , turpentine
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Critics axe not the legislators , but the- judges and police of literature . Thejr do not make laws—they interpret ajacl try to . enforce ttem ^— Ediyhwrgh Review .
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Nptwwbeb , 19 , 1853 . ] THE LEAD EK . U $ l
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 19, 1853, page 1121, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2013/page/17/
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