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barked troops are fortifying their position at Kinburn All goes well at Nicholaieff . " On the 2 d of the present month it was announcet that on the previous day the Allied fleet , -whicl was in the , vicinity of Kinburn , put to sea . Ar English steamer had previously advanced higl enough up the Bug to reconnoitre Nicholaieff . She states that there were numerous vessels ir the port , and that it was strongly fortified . According to Le Nord , Admiral Bruat has addressed a letter to the military authorities oi Odessa , in which he comp liments them very highly upon the heroic resistance made by their countrymen at Kiubum . For three days , the firing against the three forts on the Spit was heard at Odessa , Kinburn being distant from that city only forty miles , as a bird flies . The whole of the Anglo-Turkish contingent has arrived at Kertch , where it is to be shortly joined by the Basbi-Bazouks organized * at the Dardanelles . Kars is still blockaded , but munitions of war and provisions are being despatched . A fresh assault is by some thought imminent . The following items of news come via Trebizonde " The Russians have marched 12 , 000 men from Kars on Ardelman . Selim Pasha is appointed Commandant of Kars . The Duke of Newcastle has arrived in Circassia . Omar Pasha , who left Batoum with twentytwo battalions , may penetrate as far as Tiflis before winter . Georgia is now only occupied by 10 , 000 Russians . " Colonel Simmons arrived at Kars on the 11 th of October , with 1 , 800 Turkish troops from Balaklava . Some Circassian chiefs , it is said , have concerted with Omar Pasha a plan of operations , the details of which are not yet known . According to a letter from Constantinople , Mehemed Eniin Pasha , who was recently invested with the Government of Circassia , has surprised a Russian convoy near Kars-tchai , and taken off a part of the enemy's supplies . The encounter was serious ; the Russians left more than thrill hundred men killed and wounded on the ground , and the Circassians had about one hundred men hors de combat . The same writer adds : — " Omar Pasha , on his side , carries on actively the organization of his winter . cantonments , and of his new army . Ferhad Pasha , one of his lieutenants , is securely established with his advanced posts on the route to Kutais . Selim Pasha collects his troops at Trebizonde , in order to conduct them again towards Erzeroum . He has orders not to operate for the moment against the Russians near Kars , but , above all , to maintain tranquillity in the pasbalic of Erzeroum , where the brigandage has assumed a most menacing character . " An order has been received at Kiel for all English line-of-battle ships in the Baltic fleet to return to England . Four have already quitted Kiel . The representatives of the Western Powers , it is asserted , have informed the Porte that circumstances may render necessary the march of French and English troops into the Danubian Principalities . Austria grumbles at this ; but she cannot formally object , as the treaty of the 2 nd of December , 1854 , gives to the Allies the right of entering the Principalities with their forces whenever there shall be occasion . Consequently , Auatria , from a feeling , probably of spite , threatens that , " under certain circumstances , she may claim indemnity for her occupation of Wallachia and Moldavia . The " indemnity " should surely come from Austria , instead of being denlanded hy her . T 1 IK ATTACK ON KINBURN " . The following is an extract of a letter from a French officer engaged in the attack on Kinburn : — " After our fire had nearly silenced that of the enemy , Admiral Bruat , seeing the condition of the fort , sent a boat with a ilag of truce to summon the place to surrender . While the discussion was goinjr on , and the Russian general was replying that he would noyer yield , but would blow up tho powder magazine , the garrison revolted . A hundred of tho Russian soldiers caine out from a postern fating tho sea , and came towards us . We went to moot thorn , and led them to tho general , lho whole of the gurrison afterwards followed , leaving the commandant of the fort alono in the place . Tho Russian general afterwards followed in hia turn , but evidently much against his inclination . Ho ia a fine old man , who would have held out to tho last , and appeared much dlsBatiaaod with hia men . Whon it was proposed to him to send some Russians to fetch his baggage from the fort , ho angrily replied— ' No—no— -not Russian ! ' and then looking at the French Chasseurs , ho said—¦• Famous Boldiore , these ! Tho last Kusaian who arrived hud probably pillugo'l the collars , for tlioy wore all completely Intoxicated , and their canteens were full of brandy . What la rather singular is that It waa tho old men that set this
. example , for the young ones were very sober and steady . In the midst of all this , a sceie occurred which affected 1 us all . About thirty Russian soldiers were suddenly seen 1 leaving the fort headed by then- officers , and carrying with l them all the pictures of the church , the religious dresses , l and the coffers in which the sacred ornaments and relics were contained . These men marched along with a solemn ' step , and the ranks of our soldiers opened to let them L pass , a religious feeling pervading every man's mind . The Russians , -who were standing in the line of the pro-[ cession , kissed the pictures of our Saviour , and made the : sign of the cross . All these articles were left in the possession of the Russians , and were carried by them to 1 our camp . " A LITTLE SPORT IN THE BUG . Above Kinburn Spit there is a high bank , ascending to the steppe behind it , and at the distance of some hundred yards from the edge , there is a tumulus on the steppe , behind which I saw some Russian artillery at a considerable distance as we were running along the coast . The Cracker had run on ahead , and the Grinder was just drawing on parallel with this high bank—wo were all examining it—one officer was saying to the other , " Well ! I wonder the Russians have not got a battery on that cliff 1 "—when from a seam in its side , parallel with the water , a puff of white smoke spirted out , and tho rush of a shot followed , and was terminated by a splash in the water close to the side of the Grinder . " Tell the Grinder he may give him a shot in reply , " cried Admiral Stewart , and little Grinder , with more valour than discretion , at once put down his helm and ran in to land , drawing as he did across the Stromboli , at which the enemy had opened another gun at the moment , bat this shot fell short also . As the drum beat to quarters the men rushed on deck in a liigh state of delight ; the berthings wero removed , and the guns ready fer action in a few moments ; but there was Grinder intent on doing his devoir and getting in our way , throwing dust and smoke in our faces , so that at last the fatal edict went forth and Grinder ' s recall was hoisted . And now the guns on the top of the cliffs , which were only light field-pieces , opened , and as none of the shot from the Russians had yet fallen closer than twenty yards to us , all on board were in a merry mood as the Stromboli slowly craned over towards the bank . The work from which the Russians fired their heavier guns was a trench in the cliff , almost half-way up its side , and looked very insignificant , but when you came to squint along a gun , and could only see four little black eyes staring out at you over a line of earth which did not seem three inches high to your sight , you began to understand the difficulty of striking such objects at the distance of a mile . " Try 2 , 500 yards ! " The gun was trained . At tho words " Well ' . Fire I" out spouted the flame and smoke , and ihe iron globe , whoso curve you could trace through the air , hurtled with tho peculiar and ne / ve-shaking hiss of its race right over the earthwork , knocking up a pillar of black earih from the crest of the hill , and bounding fur away to the rear . The enemy replied . We heard the shot coming right at us , and , as it flew over the head of Captain Spratt , who was stationed at the foretop , looking out for shoals , and plunged into the water five or six hundred yards beyond us , it became evident that the Moscov had been playing the deep game of firing short to entice us well under hia battery , so that he was trying extreme range , and had heavier guns than we thought . The Spitfire , Cracker , and Grinder were now coming into play , and the former two made some excellent practice , and struck tho earth right and left of the battery . Stromboli was edging down nearer , and the captains of tho guns wero all with vya intently gazing along their guns . " Try two thousand yarda . " Awiiy flew the iron messenger again , but he only told tho Russians to bob their heads and keep out of his way , and flew behind them . Tho field-pieces now took to firing shell , and studded tho air above us with smoke-clouds , and tho angry hum of the splinters was heard onco more , but for tho ino . st part they were too light to reach us . Wliiss I—right across our crowded deck corrca another round shot , mid splashes into tho water over our counters . Tho long gun at tho bow sends a shot in reply right into them this * tiimi , at 1 , 700 yards , and the Spitfire follows tho example . W " liiz : ! whiz ! two shots , ono after the oth : r at tho Stromboli , onu dashing the water up in a pillar close to her sides , tho other cutting the jib foot-rope . Tlio smoke obacures the view , but it is quite clenr that tho Russians are keeping close behind their works aftur tho lnBt reply from our guna , noarer and better directed than before . However , there was no object to bo gained by continuing a contest in which it would have been pitiable indeed to lose ono man . — Time * Correspondent . GKNHRAI . OOUrHOH . VKOl'l' ON THE l'ttObl ' llCTB OF EVACUATION . Tho fo llowing is tho text of tho order of the duy , dated " Heights of Muckonzio , October 15 , " by which Prince Gortachukoff announced to his troops his intcntion not to evacuate the Crimea : — " His Imperial Majesty , our master , having charged mo to thank , ia his name , and in tho nmne of Russia , tho valiant warriors who have defended the south eide of Sobaatopol with bo much self-sacrifice , courage , and poraovoruuoo , is persuaded that the army , after having
acquired freedom of operations in the field ,, will continue by all possible efforts to defend the soil of Russia against the invasion of the enemy . But , as it pleased the solicitude of the father of the great family ( the army ) to order , in his lofty foresight , the construction of a bridge at Sebastopol , In order to spare at the last moment as much Russian blood as possible , the Emperor has also invested me with full powers to continue or cease the defence of our positions in the Crimea , according to circumstances . Valiant warriors 1 you know what our duty is . We will not voluntarily abandon this country , in which St . Vladimir received the water of grace , after having been conTerted to the Christianity we adore . But there are conditions which sometimes render the firmest resolutions impracticable and the greatest sacrifices useless . The Emperor has deigned to leave me the sole judge of the moment at which we must change our line of defence , if such be the will of God . It is for us to prove that we know how to justify the confidence of the Czar , who has come into our neighbourhood to provide for the defence of his country and the wants of his army . Have confidence in me , as you have hitherto had during all the hours of trial which the decrees of Providence have sent us . " Sebastopol . as it Is . —It would be rather hazardous to affirm that Sebastopol is a pleasant residence . During the daytime , the city presents a certain degree of animation ; but , from the moment night settles down , alfuneralpall seems to cover that assemblage of half-destroyed houses . The only object then visible is the ill-oineiied flash of the engines of death , and the only sound heard is fie roar of artillery . The noise is increased by the 1-owling of a multitude of famished dogs , which search amid the ruins for means of satisfying the crar ' mg 3 of hunger . This chaos , however , is beginning to assume a less irregular appearance . The population of Kamiesch and Balaklava is fast settling in Sebastopol . A crowd of cooks and tavern-keepers are transporting thither their establishments , while others are opening new on : s . In a wordlif ' e , order , organisation , are springing from the — ruins on all sides . Were the town habitable throughout , it would be very soon re-peopled ; but , as long as the Russians occupy the north side , little security is to be enjoyel in many parts of the city . —Latter in the Prcsse el'Orient . The French Fleet in the Black Sea . —The Patrie announces that the squadron commanded by Admiral Bruat , in , the Black Sea , is to sail for France on the 12 ch inst . Two ships of the line only are to remain in that sea , under the orders of Rear-Admiral Odet-Pellion . The Napoleon , bearing the Rear-Admiral's flag , is one of them . The Mediterranean squadron , on its return to France , is to be reorganised . It will be composed of nine steamships , with a proportionate number of lighter vessels , and is to be placed under the orders of Vice-Edmiral Trehouart . Ono of the most brilliant feats of the naval and military career of this Admiral is his attack in 1845 upon the batteries and the stockade of lho rlncun of Obligado , in the river Parana , by which be extricated himself vtfith cclal from a most perilous situation . Vice-Admiral Trehouart commanded in chief the Mediterranean squadron in 1849 and in 1850 .
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f jSToy 10 , 1855 , ] T H E L E A D E R . 1071
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WAR MISCELLANEA . KiNBUitv . —Letters from Constantinople of tho 22 nd ult . state that General Kochanoiwitsch , former governor of Kinburn , was among tho seven hundred prisoners conveyed to that capital on board the Vuuban . It appears that it was by the express direction of the Grand Duke Constantino , who was present on tho spot , that the fortifi - cations of Ocjsukdfl' wero blown up . Thu limpcror Alexander v / w still ut Niuholaie / r on tho 18 th of October . Russian Movkmicntm . —A communication from the Crimea , received via ( Jormany , nays : — " It in quite certain that Russian troops have loft tho Crimou . Thus , tho first brigade of tho fourteenth division of infantry of reserve , which formed part of tho garrison of Sevastopol , has lately arrived at Nicholaieff . It consists of the fifth mid sixth bittulions of reserve of the regiments of Min < k and Volhynla . Sonic urtillery corps had also reached that town from tho Crimea , and it is probable that other troops will bo detached from the army of Prince Gortuchukoir for tho defence of Nicholaiell' . Those , however , aro only temporary chunges , rendered nee ' ewsary by the moveinuntH of tho allies , and which by no meaim indicate , that the Russians arc about to evacuate the Crimea . " Tuic Wiirric Sica . —The Monileur publisher i \ report from Cuptuin Guilbort , superintending tho i'Yeiich blockado of the ports in the White Sea , addresHud to tho Minister of Marino . Tho report mentions thai all kinds of movements on the purt of bouts , however mitall , hud boon stopped , on account of their being employed to convey muakets to difi'urent parts of tho cooat . i- 'rionrtly rotations hud boon entered Into with some of tho null von on tho count , until tho Russian C ' ovorninont , by an jip | jonl to fanuticimn . and terror , put « atop to thorn . ilia lo < wea Inflicted on Ruwlau commerce by the blockade xtre deacribed M iinincnue . Tho report Adda ; - "No neutr-U flag attempted ta ontor tho Whito Sou during our « Uy j but u few Ituwdan boat * tried to inuko for Norway , by taking advantage of tho thick fogs ao frequently provafl-
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 10, 1855, page 1071, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2114/page/3/
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