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hoisted on the life-boat as it was borne to quarters -was a noble revenge for Hajitstbin ' s gallant pride in striking his flag to a British officer . The splendid prosperity which taings abundance to the prosperous classes i& offiesing ten ) $ teiifetts to the predacious class , "flbst « £ rthe moveBaente « t home are exactly those of latt week contanwi The agitation against the Inconae * tax goes on . 8 Sr , John Pakingtok lsee been , ^ itferring K&h . ; 3 fr . Cobden , which implies a furflter imion for iJSe promotion of education . The controversy on
transportation proceeds , anxL Colonel Jebb is in the field vindicating the existing system , which both sides declare to be bad . But the movement which goes on with the most vigour , energy , earnestness , and deTotion of party , is the great fraud and thief movement . We have new instances of fraud this week , and a capital account of Saward ' s frauds . Indeed , from the garotier , who sticks his left elbow in the small of your back , and places the hollow of the right elbow arouni your throat in front , to the member of the Stock Exchange wlo has levanted , we have every variety of depredation carriedon with spirit
and enterprize . The City article of the Times notices , that frauds upon public securities are much more common than , they were supposed to he ; but we do not know that the private securities are at all more spared . Policeman Compxon is discovered to have an intimate knowledge of the inside of premises , the outside of which le ought "to have'known , the inside of which he ought not to have known anything about . But , as we learn at the trial this week , , policeman . Compton was a thief . " Handy-dandy !" -says the old cynic , " which is the justice , which the thief ?"
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TESTIMONIAL TO DE . LIVINGSTON . A meeting-, very fully attended , was held at the Mansion House on Monday afternoon , to consider " the project of presenting a testimonial to Dr . Livingston , in approbation of the services rendered by him to commerce , science , and civilization , by his discoveries in South Africa . " The Lord Mayor presided , and among those present ( besides the distinguished traveller hims « lf ) were the Bishop of London , the Bishop of Victoria
Ttfr . Raikes Currie , M . P ., Mr . Gregson , M . P ., Alderman Challis , M . P ., the Hon . A . Kinnaird , M . P ., Sir Roderick "Murchison , Colonel Sykes , Baron Damier ( Haytian Ambassador ) , Sir C . Wentworth Dilke , Mr . S . Gurney , Sir Peter Laurie , Sherifta Mechi and Keats , Mr . J . Dillon , Mr . Gordon Cumming , Dr . Risdon Bennett , the Rev Canon Chanapneys , the Rev . Thomas Binney , Alderman Rose , Alderman "Wire , Mr . J . P . Gassiott , &c . In the body of the Egyptian-JuOl were the Lady Mayoress and a large number of ladies . After addresses from the Lord Mayor , the Bishop of London , Mr- Bailees Carrie , and the Rev . Canon Champ-» ey » i
Dr . Livingston , wlio was received with great enthusiasm , gave a brief account of some of the districts ? isited by him , confining himself , however , mainly to a geographical description . He stated that lie intended to write an account of his travels , to which lie referred ¦ those present for more minute information . The Zamfaae river , he said , -mrald form a great highway into Southern Africa , If they entered this river , as thoy might do , in a steamor of light draught , the country on eacfc Bid * would be found Eat , cowed with coarse grass and a fcw cocoa-nut and mango trees , forming a delta much larger than Scotland , and intersected with
numegreen t #€ e 8 t ? The valleys ' were exceedingly fertile , and , indeed , ^ the sc © untty to the north was of the same character . JBiere grew the sugar-cane ; and cotton and indigo grewsrild . Some interesting specimens of fibre he had b » aght home with , him . On passing through thegQHgto' OUB came to a Cflikfield , sorae ofrffcniiratns of whu < fe srfho-mria the tra ' aaeaif volcanic ddftae , tr they were -jSharreii . There vms altogether on Jthe aprface eleven-seams ^ « n e of whi * he ' iaeasured , and faand to be fjJBgF-eighlt inches in d&wnaeter .. Eound this ojuflkfield therewas fc ^ g fik ^ ueld ; jjttd inAatate of vejgra » nnufc « diffush « kiw » Tound in& 6 rsit * m * B . About t ^ rnity miles beyond the village calligQ Tete was a small rapid . If this were surmounted , one could go one hundred
and fifty miles beyond , and the district . round about there he might call a paradise for . hunters , ibecaose he never saw anything like the quantity of game in . any other part of the South . He knew all the country through whicli Mr . Gordon Cumming and others had hunted , and it produced nothing like the number of elephants -which were in the district beyond T « te . Here , too , the cauntry was exceedingly fertile . Unfortunately , there had been Kaffir wars in that region , the natives being led into , them by people of Portuguese extraction , and , as they had no mother country to bear the expense , the Portuguese had been rather hotly pressed , and had , in fact , been shut up in their fortress at Tete for something like two years . These Portuguese were not at all so degenerate as they were usually
represented . He had found them most hospitable ; many of them were very intelligent and friendly men , and he believed that in trade and commerce they would be as trustworthy as any other people . With respect to our own Kaffir -wars he did not mean to say much ; but they had always wanted & Times commissioner out there , and he believed that if one of these gentlemen had been entrusted with a mission before the last war this country would have saved more than 2 , 000 , 000 / . sterling . ( Cheers . ) He esteemed thejjeople of the Cape , the descendants of the Dutch ; they were a most intelligent and hospitable people , and had adopted a system of education such as we , somehow or other , could not manage to get introduced in England . The frontier farmers suffered very much from a Kaffir war , but then -we ought to distinguish between the frontier farmers with their cattle and the
farmers who took commissariat contracts . He ventured to say that these latter gentlemen never lost a penny by a Kaffir war ; on the contrary , he was certain that they became enriched by one . ( Sear . ) Beyond Tete , in about 28 E . longitude , the country was beautifully watered and undulating ; a few years ago , it was densely inhabited , but now it -was nearly depopulated . Ascending the ridge here met with , one came to a height of about four thousand feet above the level of the sea , and then began a gradual and almost imperceptible descent , until one came into a valley wonderfully supplied with rivers . The whole country was low in the centre , with elevated sides : After an extended observation , he saw clearly that this was the shape of the country , hut he found afterwards that he had been forestalled in this , for Sir Roderick Murchison had broached the same hypothesis in a speech which had been sent out to him during his travels .
Sir Roderick Murchison and others addressed a few observations to the meeting , and the following resolutions were unanimously carried : —" That this meeting , consisting of merchants , bankers , and others , the citizens of London , hereby present to the Rev . Dr . Livingston their sincere congratulations on the signal care and protection of Divine Providence vouchsafed to him throughout his prolonged and perilous labours in exploring the interior of South Africa ; and the meeting cherishes the gratifying assurance that the important discoveries of
Dr . Livingston will tend hereafter greatly to advance the interests of civilization , knowledge , commerce , freedom , and religion among the numerous tribes and nations of that vast continent . "— " That this meeting , highly appreciating the intrepidity and perseverance of Dr . Livingston in his extended and dangerous journeys , deems it incumbent to originate a pecuniary tribute as an expression of their admiration and gratitude for his disinterested and self-denying labours in the cause of science and philanthropy . "
1 ho subscriptions announced in the course of the evening amounted to upwards of 40 0 / ., the Lord Mayor heading the list with ten guineas ; the Bishop of London , ton guineas ; the Bishop of Victoria , three guineas ; the London Missionary Society , 100 ? . ; Mr . Raikes Currie , ten guineaa ; the Hon . A . Kinnnird , ten guineas , &c . Dr . Livingston has received the freedom of Hamilton . He has also been made an Honorary Fellow of the Glasgow Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons , of which "ho waa already a licentiate .
rous Btroaim . About afty miles up tho rivex was about a milo broad , and on tho rigut hand was a wellwoodod country . Proceeding upwards as far as Senna they would find a largo mountain , beyond which th « river was between mo and two miles broad / For at test five months ia each yea * the water w « vey deep , and even during the rest of the year there was a deep though wthor winding channel . At that period there was a largo space of shallow water bu 5 the river wer became dry . Until one camo ' to gorge further up , the river was a very large one . Tnm SSfTa raU 6 e ° ' ? . through which Z rt + er fonnd a narrow pas 8 ag 0 > &ut tho £ ™ tUc Bhrdy deep As Boon as one paS 8 ed through 5 ns ffor ? c © no came tea beautiful mountainous oonntry ^ Sl the mountain * being covered to their summits 7 ilh ever
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SIR ROBERT PEEL IN CAP AND BELLS . The now library in Addorley . park , Birmingham , was inaugurated on Monday evening by a dinner given to tuo mombers of tho late bazaar committee , and subsequently by a meeting ; in tho Museum Room , at which S mT ' m " !^ ^ " ' Lor < 1 Lei « ' Sir Robert leel , M . P Mr . Addcrley , M . P ., Mr . M'Geachy , tho Mayor of B rminghan ) , Mr . Charles Rudcliff , and n - rneroua fnends of tho institution . The great ' attraction of tho mglit was a promised lecturo by Sir Robert Pool oa the subject of lua oxperionecs in Russia , in which the
laetureMBflvde-a vexy singular exhibition of himself . ^ re jgive a &w eactricts , a summary being out of the que 3 , fciflttv—• '¦' . ¦ ¦ -4 * 1 pwsect along the shores of Finland , and arrived within gpBMhaksf that great fortress which Sir Charles Napier did not take . ( Loud cheers , laughter , and kisses . ) Some gtQflemen express dissent from what I state , tut I believe "it'is strictly and literally true . ( . Laughter . ) I saw that . mighty fortress rising before us . I reflected natuEaUy . wpon the past and upon the great distinction itataeight have resulted from any successful operations against it . We then adwnced up the Neva , that great and migihty river which flo \ w by St . Petersburg . ^ y arrived atv&t . Petersburg sufficiently tired by the
journey , and expecting to be overcome by the heat . Although it was in the middle of summer , it was bitterly cold ; the weathex was very changeable , like everything eke in Russia , ana 1 had the greatest difficulty to keep myself warm . St . Petersburg ia buut on piles , and is always very subject to the east wind . { Laughter . ') When the east wind blows , St . Petersburg has a chance of being ; done away with , as the public expected Sir Charles Napier would do away with it . ( Latigrlaer . ) At all events , it then stands a good chance of being sunk in the water . It is not a very magnificent city , and does not strike one by its fine streets and buildings , after all . It has nothing else T ) Ut granite floors , with outsides all paint and stucco . Its edifices are a great deception , as are
most things else we have heard of in Russia . ( Laughter . ') . ... The Marfcle Palace is so called because it is built of granite . ( Laughter . " ) It is the residence of that' frank and open-hearted sailor / Constantine . How I laughed when I read that description of Constantine ' s character . ( Laughter . ') You . may remember what has been said about the distinguished Admiral Constantine . With all respect to his Highness , I must say that I never saw a man who gave me less of the impression of a ' frank and open-hearted sailor . ' ( Cheers and laughter . ' ) It is all soft sawder , you know . ( Laughter . ) . . .-. There was not much to keep us in St . Petersburg , for we were so horribly fleeced by our innkeeper . ( Laughter . ) I hare
lived a great deal in that way , but I never in my life came across a man with such enormous ideas of the principles of ' doing . ( Loud iattghter . ') I am a man who am satisfied with little , but our dinner every night cost us 602 . sterling . ( Roars of laughter . * ) Itwaspeifectly monstrous . If I had not been in Russia , I should have lived with , the police , but 1 gave up that notion after witnessing the manner in which Eossian constables knock people about . ( Laicghter . ") The police use a sort of great antique fork , which they stick into their unfortunate victims , and then leave them on the ground , instead of taking them to a lock-up or something of that kind . " ( Laughter . }
This was the way in which he travelled : — " There was no postilion ready for one of the six horses when we stopped at one post-house ; bat the director insisted that we must have six horses and six riders , and , to supply the vacancy , rushed into the crowd which had collected , seized the first person , put him upon the horse , and started off again . The man had no stockings or shoes on , but that did not matter ( laughter ); he soon got into a dreadful state from riding , sad dropped off the animal . The liorses frequently became tired , and , when
they fell down exhausted , were left by the roadside . Tho postboys suffered the same treatment when they became unable to perform their duties . ( Laughter . ) I do not think I ever enjoyed travelling so in my lifij . " ( Laughter . ) Of the Governor of Nishni he reports that he " never saw such a brick while he was in Russia . " But he ( Sir Robert ) did not mderstimd Russian , and was therefore , he said , in the position of the man in the comic song , who went to France without having learnt " tho lingo , " . -which caused him to " repent of it , by jingo . " This set him ( Sir Robert )
" Staring like a fool , silent as a mummy—There I stood , looking 'nation like a dummy . " ( This quotation was hailed with bursts of merriment . ) He " never saw a man with Buch a capacity for drinking as this brick of a Governor ; " but ho did not seem the worse for it . General Surochokoff was " a common man , whose sole anxiety was to impose on people who trusted him , " and wh . o cheated him ( Sir Robert ") . He saw some lovely Circassian women , and " was nearly engaged twice by some of them . ' ( Laughter and cheers ) Ho purchased caviare at 100 / . per pound ; bat it -waa nasty . The Emperor Alexander is a rnild looking man , who receives a " God-like homage" from his people . Bir Robert gave several particulars of tho coronation , much in tho same strain , and concluded in tho midafc of vehelrtcnt cheering-.
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SANITARY MATTEItS . Tub following is from tho quarterly supplement to the Weekly Returns of Births and Deaths in London : — . " The numler of deaths registered in London during tho quarter waa 1 , 4 , 118 . On comparing this result Tvith tho numbers returned in tho last quarters of 18 G 2-55 , and taking tlio growth of tho population into account , it will bo scon that tho pnblic health was tolerably good ; and , ao regards children , the reduction of mortality from somo of those dieoaBCS which waeto infant life appears to Bhow that it was rather hotter tban usual . But tho comparison now made shows only an improvement which
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THE LEAD EB , [ No . 355 , Saturda y , ^ l \ 9 ' . ' - . __ _ I , , i — — ¦ ¦ ¦ ' " — -.. __ ^ ¦
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Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 10, 1857, page 26, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2175/page/2/
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