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    THE LEADER .

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    Blood has been drawn upon both banks of the river Po ; so that the terrible game of war has been commenced in desperate earnest . On the afternoon of Friday last , war ' formally declared by the Austrian Commander-in-Chief , who crossed the frontier with a force , said to have been composed of twenty battalions and eight batteries of cannon . One of the ' first consequences of General Gyulai ' s movement appears to have been the act of levying on the unfortunate town of Navara a heavy contribution of provisions and forage , to be delivered

    under pain of the infliction of a fine amounting , to five times the value of the supplies required . This hungry demand was followed by the publication of a proclamation , in which the ""invading General promises to the Sardinian population "liberty , honour , security of property , maintenance of laws , and protection ;" promises which the Piedmontese will no doubt estimate at their jus £ value , considering the experience of Austrian forbearance , which they have already had , and if there is any truth in a telegram , dated from Turin , on Wednesday , which states that the enemy had every where levied heavy contributions on the Sardinian population .

    From the latest telegrams we may conclude that the Austrians are moving upon Alessandria ; but that up to Wednesday night they had not succeeded in crossing the Po in any very considerable numbers . Heavy rains had been falling for some days , and the river in consequence has presented an obstacle to the Austrian advance . Several attempts have been made , and it was in one of these

    that the first blood of the campaign was shed . The point at which the Piedmontese troops appear to have successfully repelled the enemy is called Frassinetto , and here , according to a Sardinian communication , the Austrians suffered severely . We must , however , be upon our guard , with regard to all such statements ; Piedmont as well as Austria may be tempted to " cook" its war intelligence .

    The general opinion in Paris is , that a great battle cannot be delayed for many days , and that it will , in all probability , bo fought upon the plain of Marongo , upon the very ground where , on the 14 th of June , 1800 , the first Napoleon won the yiotory which made him master of Italy . It would look as if the Austrians were about to try the question over again ; to win back , if they may , the eagles whioh were snatched from them half a century ago .

    the Bucks County-hall , on Monday , ventured to express his belief that Lord Derby would re-commence business with a force of 300 votes . The returns , as far as we can make them up , certainly do not on the face of them show so favourably for the Tory Ministry ; but there will not be any long period of doubt as to the relative strength of parties af ter the new House assembles , for both Lord Palmerston and Sir James Graham have clearly intimated that battle will at once be given , arid the weakest side driven to the wall . Mr . Disraeli's speech was remarkable for" the hopeful way : which he speaks of the finances of the country in the face of the war-storm which is bursting over Europe : according to his view there is not another country in Europe that coxild sustain for any lengthened period a heavy pressure upon its

    means . . The question of Reform , about which the country has certainly made up its mind , is making the Conservative party very uncomfortable , in spite of its success with the constituencies . Mr Newdegate was at the pains to denounce democracy , and its chief apostle , Mr . Bright , at the North ' Warwickshire , hustings , on Tuesday ; and Sir Hugh Cairns , at Belfast ,, looking with alarm at the probable consequences of a 5 . L borough franchise , under which , he says , the new voters would completely swamp the old , exclaimed- — " tliis would not be reform-r—it would be revolution ! " To which

    a voice replied , " Manslaughter !"—a reductio ^ ad absurdufn which could hardly have failed to impress her Majesty ' s sharpwitted Solicitor-General . From India we have very brief but striking news : it is no less than the announcement that , at last , Tantia Topee , whom our wearied troops have been for so many months vainly hunting down , has been captured . How the capture was effected remains to bo explained ; the telegram , which reached the Indian-Office on Thursday , only stated the bare fact that , on the 7 th of . last month , he was seized by Colonel Mcade . ^ Tlie tolegrum conveying this intelligence is particularly obscure , but we are led to infer that Maun Singh , who is

    reported to have given himself up to Major l * eed , lias betrayed his fellow rebel-leader , possibly making the service he has rendered to the Indian Government the price of his life . Among the minor topics of the week , we may note the activity of the Court of Common Council . On Thursday it voted one hundred guineas to the Neapolitan exiles , not alone from motives' of charity , but to mark its sympathy with the great principle of freedom for which those men nave suffered . Its activity in another direction has not been quite so praiseworthy . One j ^ arty in the City , headed by Sir 11 . Cavden , Im 3 madu a dead laint

    set at the street sellers , against whom a comp of" obstruction" has been laid before the Counoil , in the shape of a petition , signod , according to its supporters , by persons of Hugh standing in the City , one of whom enjoys , it was observed , an income of 10 , 000 / . a year . Sir It . Cnrdon says that sympathy with poor people is » all very well , " bxxt that it is overdone in' the City , and that , _ for Ins part , ho believes that street Boilers como into the City , not to soil thoir wares , but for all aorta of bad purposes . After a very warm discussion , the petitioners carried the day by a very small majority , and tho iwbjoot was referred to the proper committee .

    though the latter portion of the French army were wanting their artillery , the passage of which over Mount Cenis had been a work of enormous difficulty , in consequence of the snowed-up state of the roads , and although a body of 4 , 000 men have been engaged for the last ten days in clearing them . In France , in sp ite of the heavy conscription which is inevitable , and in spite of the unsatisfactory appearance of the vine , the popular enthusiasm is gradually warming in favour of the war , and the Imperial manifesto has been received in a way that must have given very pleasant assurances to the he is

    mind of the Emperor , at the moment when quitting his capital , and leaving his wife and child at the mercy of a thousand , accidents that may befal them in his" absence . His manifesto is the boldest utterance which the European complications have yet called forth . " I wish not for conquest , " he says , " but I am determined firmly to maintain my national and traditional policy . " And again , "I respect the territories and the rights of neutral powers ; but I boldly avow my sympathies with a people ^ whose history is mingled with our own , and who now groan under foreign oppression . " If he takes up the sword in the cause of Italian independence , he

    says , " it is because Austria has driven matters to such an extremity , that her dominion must either extend to the Alps , or Italy must be free to the shores of the Adriatic—for every corner of Italy which remains independent endangers the power of Austria . " There can be no mistake as - to the drift of this language . To deprive Austria of her pernicious influence in Italy is the object for which Napoleon goes to the wars : there ai'e , PJe nty who w ^ l doubt whether he has not some object besides .

    In England there is , happily , an almost unanimous conviction as to the duty of this country in the present juncture of affairs : the preservation of a strict neutrality is what nearly all agree to demand of whatever Minister may hold office after the opening of Parliament . In addition to various expressions of this conviction drawn forth by the speeches of candidates at the elections , a great meeting was held at Leeds , on Wednesday , for the speoial purpose of pronouncing strongl y in favour ui /

    or a percecwy neuu ' yjvwiy uuAug *««*« . « wmysi * « the English Government . Tho example is one whioh wo shall hope to see followed by the inhabitants of every large city and town in tho country ; for it will need all the strength of publio opinion to hold this country secure from tho attempts which will infallibly bo made to draw her into tho groat European quarrel . Few parliamentary seats now remain to be filled , and the leaders of the groat parties are counting their gains , for they all declare themselves to bo gainers by the eleotion . Mr . Disraeli , speaking at

    Meantime the French forces are swelling upon the soil of Piedmont . ' At the commencement of the week there were 40 , 000 men in Genoa , and a large number of men were assembled at Susa ,

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    REVIEW OF THE WEEK— Society f © r the Encouragement of PUBLIC AFFAIRS— COMMERCIALhome intelligence . page the frine Arts ; ... 584 AGHanceattheWar ... 593 Effects of the Panic ....... 509 Gatherings from Law and Police ¦ THEATRES AND ENTERTAINMENTS--^ ^ g ^^^\ X" ::: ' .::: « £ "ffig- ^* ^ StO < * ^ 599 Courts 580 ROyal Italian Opera .... 5 & > Further Rise in the Rate of Dis- _ Stocks and Shares ' *!!! . ' . ' - ' . ' . ' ! . ' . " . " . ' . " 000 Criminal Record ; .... 580 Drury Lane Theatre 080 count 594 General Trade Renort C 0 I ^ S ^ mmiiy ::::::::-::::: S fdhsSSSSZZZ ::::::: S » .. »* . * . « - « .- - * ¦ § 3 g | g $ gS :::::::::.::: ffi aSU ^» - . - . --. v .:::-.:::::: iS m- »™* - . - ° ~ ° ^™™ :.... cm s sfV ^ S ^ E ^ i Z foreign intelligence . Literary T Notes 580 Germany ¦ 59 G g SSSSS ^ :::::::::::::: S h * = " ' 2 "«> . * a » . « d UU , « o «« - . — F . HE . AR 1 * - ps&ojoi ihj *» pai »« t »» a ^ SaffigS ^; :::::::: ST SSSflS ? Jsr .: r . - . - . - . " . - . v / . " . - .: ^ Exhibition of the Royal Academy 584 The New Parliament .... 590 j , ot - "" ; ¦

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• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), May 7, 1859, page 579, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2293/page/3/