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feet 6 inches ,. Her armament will be of the most powerful description that modern science can supply . The vreather , so important a point to be considered in connexion with events of this kind , was exceedingly favourable , and it is estimated that upwards of . , 000 persons were present . , -n A . 91 ^ g . un ship , to be named the Royal Alfred , will be laid down on the slip from which the Victoria . ¦ was launched . -. ¦ , ¦¦ -p A society has been formed for the abolition oi flogging in the army . This society declares that flogging is unnecessary , impolitic , inhuman , and opposed to Christianity , and it considers that it public opinion can be brought to bear upon the question the entire abolition of flogging in both tlie army and the navy will speedily be accomplished . . Lord Eaynhatn is the treasurer , and the offices are at 10 , Duke-streetSt James ' s S . TV . __ . __ .
, The Emperor of Morocco , a Spanish journal states , has purchased 10 , 000 rifles in England , which are to be delivered at Gibraltar , to . arm ten battalions of Moorish Chasseur * . If the warlike enthusiasm of the Madrid paper were to moderate a little it would learn that there are no rifles to spare in England , and that , in consequence of Birmingham and other gunsmiths being unable to supply the wants of the British Government , the latter has ordered 30 , 000 rifles from Xiege . . On Saturday a disturbance took place in Portsmouth dockyard and on board the Princess Royal . A it is said
body of the men had left the ship , , on leave for the niglit , but on reaching the dockyard gates they were not allowed to pass through , having no officer with them . The men were ordered back to the ship , and no man was to leave that night in consequence of the disturbance which had already taken placa The men had no sooner reached the iowor deck than they began breaking into open mutiny , and taking possession of the deck . Marines were sent for from all the ships in harbour , and over 100 of the crew were taken prisoners on board the "Victory , and placed in irons . ed at Chatham
The shipwrights employ dockyard have completed the breaking up of the famous frigate St . Lawrence , formerly called the Shannon , which niade the gallant capture of the American frigate Chesapeake during the war with the United States . : The Duke of Cambridge has issued a general order with regard to flogging in the army , which is ' another evidence of the interest he takes in the duties of his position , and in the welfare of each individual floldier . This is another step in the good work of improving the condition of the men ; and , if attended ¦ with the desired result ( which we can scarcely doubt ) , will , doubtless , prove the forerunner of a
similar amelioration in the navy . For the future , soldiers are to foe classified , or , rather , certain soldiers are to be regarded as pertaining to a class apart from the resu , and on these alone the punishment of the lash will be likely to fall . Every man entering the army will be considered as belonging to the first class of soldiers , and will , in virtue of that , his natural position , enjoy immunity from corporal punishment . Certain specified offences of the ' graver kind will be held to cost a man his place in the firBt class , from which accordingly he will , be deposed , and passed into a second class . Then only will he become liable to be flogged . So long as he abstains from the commission of serious offences , there will not be so much as a question of his liability to this infliction , and oven a serious offence ¦ a . v . 11 s ^ vilt . l *>* itt rv *« .. # 'if nn llift Anaf ^ i ^ tn . ««« . # ¦* .. « « ijt n *^ tllULi Aft
W AIM . IJLAIJT UJ . 41 AI £ , y * A I . AA . V MA 0 V WWUA J . I * 1 AUVT , ilU equivalent . warning . Whatever punishment of an ordinary kind . may bo visited on a soldier for his first fault , he cannot , except in certain special cases , be sentenced to tlie lash . That liability can only come afterwards , and will , in fact , constitute in itself a ' most effective species of punishment . It may be almost said , indeed , that every soldier will in future enjoy as liis natural right the position in this respect of a non-commissioned officer . Before lie can be flogged ho must have been disrated , and disrating he can always avoid . The only exceptions to this now rule are , that " aggravated mutinous conduct" may at ence bo punished with flogging , and that the whole system of exemptions may bo suspended In time of war , when the array is in the field . . .
Orders have been received by the military authorities at Portsmouth from the Horse Quurds that the troops of the garrison shall bo practised in the mode of embarking and disembarking , as a portion ot their drill . His Royal Highness the Commandoria Chief also expresses his opinion that it is desirable that small detachments of Royal Marines should be employed with the troops when exorcised in embarking and disembarking . The Pays announces that General do Montauban lstappolnted commnnder-in-ohlof of the Chinese expedition j and it is whispered , moreover , that the mwnliw ' otmen to bo sent is far more likoly to be reauceavtlmn otherwise . The price asked for carrying tuera out- ^ niunely , i , 250 f . a hond—is certainly
rather high . Ten thousand men are easily enough found , but half , a million sterling for conveying them to the scene of operations , and the same , or nearly so , for bringing them back again , may well cause any but the English treasury officers to think twice about t . ie matter . . The steamship Thunder , of 1 , 000 tons burden , at present at Deptford , has been taken up by the War Department and numbered as a transport for the conveyance of guns and ammunition from Woolwich , and barrack stores , bedding , &c , from the Tower . The . following ships are likewise chartered : ^ The Mentor , tlie Celeritv , the Sir G . Sevniour , and the Ida .
Opinions are divided as to the rnerits of the ironcased frigates and line-of-battle ships , and steam rams , now in construction at several of the French dockyards . Many practical men who are competent judges of what a " ship can do in rough and smooth water , pronounce the new system chimerical . No steam engine yet constructed , they assert , could give these ponderous machines sufficient impetus to enable them to run down a ship of any magnitude ; and a moderately swift steamer would , in their opinion , be able to steam . round the iron-eased vessels without giving them a chance of . getting at them . Other engineers are sanguine as to their success , and these conflicting views can only bedecided by actual
experience . The two iron-cased steam rams- — Magenta and Solferino , now on the stocks at Brest and Lorient , are constructed exactly on tlie same plan . Their hull below water is similar to that of ships on the old model ; their scantling is that of an 80-gun ship . The novelty in their build consists in the form of the cutwater . It forms a straight line up to the surface of the water , form- ? ing an acute angle with the keel ; it then recedes with a backward curve , and joins the bows , to which it is firmly attached , both above and below the water , by stout iron-cased timbers . The angular extremity of the cutwater , which is something like fifteen feet distant from the bows of the vessel , is a knee of welt-seasoned oak timber , which is to be
fitted with a large conical spur m wrought iron . The stern is not to be on the present model ; but is to present the same appearance as the slightly bluff bows of old East Indiamen . The reason for making the stern so massive is to afford a counterpoise for the weight of the bows , which might otherwise bring the ship down by the * head . Looking at the immense weight of these ships when cased with iron throughout , one can hardly wonder at practical seamen doubting the possibility of a motive power being found sufficiently strong to propel them at anything like the velocity requisite to make them useful . Their engines , however , are to be of enormous power . Both the Magenta and Solferino are in a very for ^ ward state , although only laid doAvn four months
ago . The Steam Shipping Chronicle remarks that , " the alarm caused by the loss of the Royal Charter is ¦ much discussed , and some of the true causes arc beginning to be well understood ; but where are we to look for safe guides in building ships such as these ? We have shown how defectiv e are Lloyd ' s regulations . Where is the cure ? We believe that more confidence must be placed in practical and scientific men , who should be employed to superintend them . Lloyd ' s Committee have gone much too far , and have done , and are every day doing 1 , harm , and we trust this loss will open their eyes . Vessels built Under their surveyors have been notoriously defective , owing to the fact that they are not iron shipbuilders , and know uothing of true science . For
instance , it was found in some of the earliest of the large steamers that they were too woak at the hollow parts of the entruiice and run of the vessel , and consequently collapsed as the vessel foil deeply into thu sea . The remedy for this was most simple . A fow additional crutches did the whole businbss ; but Lloyd ' s Committee thought differently , and proceeded Ijo add to the strength of the plates and frames , till the consequences above named have arisen . As to the power of iron ships to stand all and very much more than any wooden ship can , wo have no doubt * but builders mujjtbo loft unshackled . Science , not the rulo of thumb , must bo the guide , and then wo may hope to have tho iron employed in their construction placed so as not to diminish , but to add to thoir strength .
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VOLUNTEER COUPS . This oolumns of tho ^ itfly journals arc crowded with accounts of tho progress of tho established riflo and artillery battalions , and of tho stops taken in the formation of now corps . Lord Eloho has presided over a'mooting hold at tho Thatched House Tavern , for the purposo of forming a national association for the onoouragemont of volunteer rlflo corps , and tho promotion of rlflo shooting throughout Groat Britain . It la proposed to have a groat national gathering yearly , when prize's to tlio best shots will bo- otfbrod for competition . Mr . Sidney Herbert ,
Minister at War , is elected first president of the association ; three trustees , twelve vice-presidents and a council of fifteen , have also been chosen . A large number of members were enrolled there and then * this-movement i ) romisinpr to be the topstone to that . of the Volunteer Rifle Corps . On Wednesday , Major-General Hay , of the Hytlie School of Musketry , inspected about 300 effective men belonging to the Scottish Volunteers , under the command of Lord Elcho , M . l \ , who was present , and to the Volunteers
Queen ' s , of which Karl Grosvenor M . P ., is Colonel , in Westminster Hall , both of which corps are drilled there three times a week . At the termination of the parade Mnjor-Genernl TJay said the manner in which they had gone through the drill produced in him si . feeling of unqualified astonishment . It only proved , indeed , what lie had always maintained—that where there was intelligence on which to operate , a man could be drilled into efficiency in one-third of the time it took to lick a country bumpkin into shape .
In the ancient city of Westminster active measures are being taken to form a strong force . Meetings have been held in every parish to form local companies , which will afterwards be brigaded together . The Inns of Court corps also is makihar rapid progress . In Scotland the success of the call to arms has been as ¦ surprising as gratifying . At Glasgow already 2 , 000 men , the flower of the population , have been formally embodied . The
companies which were earliest formed are now nearly all armed , and have attained considerable proficiency ' in drill . As yet , however , ' . movement may be considered -as only in its initiatory state , for new companies are about to be formed in the city . The same spirit pervades the adjacent towns and villages , and it is not too much ,. to say that , should the rumours of foreign hostility or invasion gain greater force , the west of Scotland easily could , and readily would , turn out an armed force of 30 , 000 men .
Sixty of the artisans in the employment of the Messrs . Scott and Co ., shipbuilders , of Grecnock , have offered their services as a volunteer artillery corps ; and , in the event of their offer being accepted , the Messrs . Scott promise to give every facility for drill , and also to place a portion of their premises at their disposal for their purpose . This course of action has been imitated at Liverpool by the British and North American Mail ( Cunard ) Company , who employ about 300 persons at their stores . They have invited all the employes to form amongst themselves a volunteer artillery corps .
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IRELAND . Wk learn from the Dublin Freeman ' s Journal that there have been a series of disgraceful and Avantpn offences against property in the county of Dublin . Some of these painfully demonstrate the necessity of increasing either the number or the vigilance of the constabulary in that district . Trees have been destroyed , favourite dogs hanged on gates , and threatening notices served . A meeting of magistrates has been hold , and steps will be taken to punish the offenders . . . _ ...
On Tuesday night a meeting was hold \ n Dublin to express sympathy -for the Pope . As Dublin could not produce a presentable chairman , tho honour devolved upon tho Donoghue , one of the members ot the county of Tipperary , who has recently thrown up his commission in tho Queen ' s service us major in tho Kerry Militia , in order , ib is to he presumed , to devote his unfettored allegiance to tho sovereign Whotoxoroisos sway over the minds and consciences of tho Roman Catholics of Ireland . The parties who fitrurod as tho Pone ' s champions among me
Irish laity wore—Mr . J . F . Maguirc , M . I ., sax . I ? . O'Brien and Mr . John Pope Menni- 'ssy , tho massortod member * for tho Kind ' s county , 1 ro tuasor FIcnnossy , Mr . O'Sullivan , of the Nation , and Mr . C , O'Dwyor , ox-Filnzor of tho Exchequer on ii comfortable pension of £ ' . ) , M ) 0 por annum . 1 More was no othor important name to be found in the nsc oi speakers ; it is , therefore , quite unnocussury to' l ° from the speeches , which occupy ulnioHt unliniuou space In tho Frcenan ' a Journal and Moruluy g ^ a . A long address of condolonco with tho Holy Father was agreed to .
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LAW , POLICE , AND CASUALTIES . On Saturday Dr . Thomas Smotlmrot , win ) was convicted of poisoning Isabolla Banica , and sonlcmuoU w death , was brought up undor a lutlmis corpus , «»« charged before Mr . Combo , at South wnrk , wiui having boon guilty of bigamy . JOvIileiioo ot «» ° second and Illegal mavriago wan formally Hdiluaou . and Smothurst fully committed for trial ufe the uw Bailey . A fVeo pardon undor tho groat soul w «" ^" oolvod by Mr . Koeno , tho governor on-loraomonaor lano Gaol , on Tuesday , for Dr . Smothurnt . JVlion tho announcement was made to him no d » a »""
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1266 THE LEAD ^ j L _^ . _ jy ° i ^ . j ^^ 1859 .
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 19, 1859, page 1266, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2321/page/6/
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