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« Mu! pow csuntr y, jjiscit stot f t0 koow ititU "
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/TdE L4ND AND THE CHARTER. THE RIGHTS OF...
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- I - ' JTc t/< a * *¦*¦' ^ftz * c^ ' £<...
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TO MRS MITCHEL.., sl) HoNornv-B Hero i n...
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or y VOL- XL No 554- LONDON SATURDAY. JU...
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Ivoiic-;! - O'Co.v.voRVHiB.— Whitscsiide...
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METROPOLITAN ORGANISATION. DIVISIONS. CO...
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EXECUTIVE NOTICE, GREAT DEMONSTRATIONS D...
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North Shields —The quarterly meeting of ...
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MEMORIAL TO THE QUEEN. The following is ...
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NOMINATIONS. FOB ESECTJTIYE COMMITTEE. J...
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Mottrau—The National Co-operative Benefi...
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The National Registration and Election C...
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UrraR Wobtlkt in Leeds.-—Messrs Councill...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
« Mu! Pow Csuntr Y, Jjiscit Stot F T0 Koow Ititu "
« Mu ! pow csuntr y , jjiscit stot f t 0 koow ititU "
/Tde L4nd And The Charter. The Rights Of...
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- I - ' Jtc T/< A * *¦*¦' ^Ftz * C^ ' £<...
MP NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL .
To Mrs Mitchel.., Sl) Honornv-B Hero I N...
TO MRS MITCHEL . ., sl ) HoNornv-B Hero i ne , I lFA : v ,.. ' tlie tongue dare not lisp , what the feels , < et it not down to fear for self , but * 't ; s consideration for you . i " ul e not unfrequently arouses the most IM courage , because it comes like an eleu-C " shock , and is sustained until action terw L . in death or victory , in slavery or u ""
—^ inates m ~ - " - ' ^/¦ ion ' the other hand . it not unfrequently 'l ' s that thought and reflection summon ^ !> ?^ ce __ that cowardly monitor—to our aid . prS . jgl I find it difficult to address you . I have , ' ^ rtaken a task which the courage of others S >! mw " nave rendered unnecessary , as the Sniph of courage should have been the substitu te for cold condolence ; but pardon the S nrd . Madam , it does not apply to your casel u do ' not c ourt it . No , the bare supposition a-o'ild g ive a triumph to the Saxon assassins . l y > n
MKdam . but for the hope-mspirins ; speech of \{ T Uoheiiy , delivered in the county of Meath , j would have headed this Letter , •* JUa * 1 BASE country ,
JCSTLT ASHAMED to know Itself . " From Saturday night at twelve o ' clock . when I learned the sad news at Birmingham , t 3 remainder of my journey , till five , was disturbed and restless . " I hoped and feared . I jjoied for the realisation of the nation ' s promise , if her hero was convicted . I feared for the nation ' s valour : and , from the time that jnv / ears were realised , till i read Mr Doheny ' s s'ieech , I cursed my country and her sons , and prayed that her " oppressors may rivet their ch ains more tightly ; but , when I read the speech of Mr Doheiiy , I came to the conclusion th at intemperance might have hazarded ultimate success , and I became hopeful for the future .
Madam , ? that speech convinced me that , though the verdict has been g iven , and the sentence passed , that yet the judgment will be reversed , and , to accomplish that , those who Sit in the Court of Error have but to command my humble service , and it shall be cheerfully rendered—no matter whattherisk , the penalty , or the result may be—and , you may rel y upon it . that the Saxon people , so foully belied b y Irish patriots , will not fail in the zealous disch arge of their
duty-Madam , the Saxons sympathise ; while your patriots hunted the lone deer from the herd , and hounded the bloodhounds on the scent ; and now they would divide the nation into avengers and sympathisers , thus weakening the national will , and tendering to you their sympathy in the promised adoption of yourself and family . 1 know what a Felon ' s feelings are , when he becomes the badge of his oppressors' triumph ; snd I am aware that this triumph of the S-ixon enemy , and the oppressors' law , stings vcur heart and wounds your feelings .
Perhaps you are not aware that I have spent nearly seventeen months in a condemned cell , in solitary confinement ; and that the Irish patriots , of that day , scoffed at me , and called me a convicted libeller . Well , then , heroic woman let it be your consolation that your devoted husband has taken the stain off felony , and that vou glory in being called
THE FELON'S WIFE . Madam , I wish you would make that magic name the title of a new newspaper , and yourself the registered proprietress . The position would not be a novel one , asa lady is one of the reg istered proprietors of the Times newspaper ; and as the Irish people have in all ages been distinguished for their gallantry , I would be curious to see hew- the brave Irish people would receive a verdict of GUILTY against Mary Mitchel , and the sentence that she be
TRANSPORTED FOR FOURTEEN YEARS . Madam , let me assure you that there is a feeling in England both for you and the noble Irish felon , which language cannot describe , and their sympathy as well as devotion will be made manifest next week , when it is my intention to request your acceptance of the whole profits of the " Northern Star ' ''
newspaper for that week . « . Madam , the" United Irishman " has cost your husband his liberty , and has hurried you into premature widowhood , and made orphans of your babes ; and , believe me , that for more than ten long years the " ' Northern Star " has caused me oppression and persecution which pen cannot describe , but whose triumph you shall witness in the amount of which its readers will request your acceptance .
Oh dear ! oh dear 1 It wrings my heart , to think that a devoted Irish patriot should be branded as a felon , and chained like a thief ; but heed it not , dear lady ; when his country is free , he will point to the tyrants' ferand as the ransom paid for her liberty . Lord Eolingbroke , a Tory , and hig h authority , has told us that it is as much the DUTY C'f , a people to rebel against a corrupt House of Commons as against a tyrannical prince . And I stated in the House of Commons , that there was no statute of limitation which precluded the right of a conquered people to recover their liberty by the same means that thev lost it .
Good ladyj do not suppose that Englishmen professing the princi p les of Democracy , would rind , protection in a Saxon middle-class jury . No . Let the issue upon a trial , under the " WHIG TREASON ACT , " be Chartist , or no Chartist , and he would be a convicted felon : therefore , you see , for the present , my mouth is gagged ; ' but believe me that the gathering of the pent up passions of the multitude be comes an irresistible army too powerful for oppres-ion to put down . They cannot stab a sentiment or shoot an opinion '; and if I feel the necessity of being wary and cautious , it is least the oppressor should have another triumph which would baulk" the people of
theirs , for you may rely upon it that the united mind " of England and Ireland will shortl y overthrow the citadel of corruption , and laugh to scorn all the p hysical power that cm be arrayed against it . U Madam , it would be indiscreet on my part to weaken the resolution or destroy the power of those in Ireland who appear resolved upon your husband ' s liberation ; but as 1 told him , so I now tell you , that when their resolve is made known , I will travel through the country until 1 strengthen Irish resolution with English , Scotch , and Welsh cooperation—and I feel assured that my Saxon constituents Will tolerate my absence from a place where their order is not represented .
Dear . Madam , you will pardon me , if I doj "SMA , " rasuk yomt lawoic pride fey any expression of sympathy ; my feeling is one of wounded pride , that an Irishman ' should be expatriated by a packed jury , partizan judge , and a mongrel Papist Attorney-General . Believe me , Madam , that my feeling for you and your orphan children is one of mixed pride and sorrow ; pride that my oppressed and enslaved country can still boast of such a heroine ; sorrow " that the Saxon oppressors ^ triumph should be measured by an Irish heroine ' s grief ; but fear not , your widowed days will be * ew , a . ~ vi-i . r oppressors' hours are numbered . Adieu , liear Madam , and believe me , Your sincere , devoted , and obedient servant , Feakgcs O'Connor ..
Or Y Vol- Xl No 554- London Saturday. Ju...
VOL- XL No 554- LONDON SATURDAY . JUNE 3 IfUft pmce . fevepeivce « , — , UKJlMJKJSi , i 3 J \ ± \ Jl \ Un . L U Villi O , 10 ^ 0 . riye Shilling * and Sixpence per « J « arier tv tTT 1 -7 ¦ " ~ - ¦ =
Ivoiic-;! - O'Co.V.Vorvhib.— Whitscsiide...
Ivoiic- ;! - O'Co . v . voRVHiB . — Whitscsiide Hclipws . — ¥ j . ; . ; . as : a vis ' . tois are respectfully informed ti . h :- iliuttees , thai refreshments will be provided . \ i \ trie School-house during the season . Acuiti cuiiii . in wiil bs provided on Whit Monday fit EOlTl . Malip . Ni ; -7 Jo . nes will deliver a lecture in Leicester tn M : n : ; y evening next ; acd on Tuesday , will 2 tt < -Ld a i ^ ublc moling in Manchester . Kujd e . mimter . —The Chartists of this town are ^ l atsttdtomeet on Monday evening next , at the -falcon Jdp , Aiilhttreet . Chair to be taken afceight Cdock .
Ivoiic-;! - O'Co.V.Vorvhib.— Whitscsiide...
TO THE MEMBERS OP THE LAND COMPANY . M y Friends , What with politics , revolutions , and no small share of abuse , I hnve latterl y had but little time to address you ; however , yoa may rest assured that every circumstance that has transpired at home and abroad since the late earthquake shook the world , has tended to wed me still more closel y to the ' castle and the labour field / as , after years of thought and study , I can devise no other possible means for the redemption of Labour . ^ m , T ™ , ~ .
On Monday , the 12 th , I shall reap a portion of my reward in the location of eighty-two of my children in their own castles , upon their own labour field ; and if Whit-Monday is a fine day , I invite all who are anxious to jud ge for themselves , to come and see , and then they will behold a wilderness turned into a paradise . Independent of those to be located at Snig ' s End and Minster Lovel on the 12 th , there will shortly be five more four-acre allotments at Snig ' s End , and six more two-acre allotments at Minster Lovel ready for location .
Now I think , when it is remembered that I did not commence operations at Minster Lovel till October , and at Snigs' End till Februaryanujwhen it is recollected that ' . February , March , and April , were three such months of rain as the oldest man living has never seen equalled —1 say , I think , when these facts are borne in mind , you will say that I have not been idle , when you remember that I have erected over a hundred and sixty cottages , and two
magnificent school-houses ; knocked down all the old buildings , and made gardens upon the ruins ; grubbed up the old fences and trees that pressed hardly upon the means of subsistence , and made several miles of road , giving a high road frontage to each cottage ; ploughing , harrowing , and burning the ground ; and at Snig ' s End planting a half acre of potatoes for every occupant , and sowing barley according to the size of the several allotments .
My friends , it is wholl y impossible that the slaves who see this miniature of what may be made the national picture of England ' s greatness , can entertain any other feeling than that of vengeance against the tyrants and oppressors who denounced the Plan untried , lest , if successful , it should end in the destruction of their monopoly . Let me ask you a simple question . Suppose a few noblemen , or wealthy landlords , or even a company of land sharks , had tried this experiment as a money speculation , where in
such case would the laudation of the Press , the Country , and Parliament , have fixed the bounds of admiration ? But because it is done for you , every snivelling cur who can hold a pen , and write broken English—to be corrected by a reader—undertakes to criticise . Veril y the insolence of the larger fish has so emboldened the smaller fry , that a knobstick who writes in the Northampton Herald for twenty eig ht shillings a week—finding his own coals in winter , and who would not know a cucumber froma hand-saw—has had the hardihood to
enter the lists . Well , my friends , this anti-Land mania , and the contagion , has reached the House of Commons , although not one of its sapient Members can shake its stability , or disprove its value ; however , a sore feeling is entertained against it , and Sir Benjamin Backbite , the honourable Member for Marylebone , has made himself the organ of their opposition and distaste . This man , in the outset , professed not only a kindly , but aa anxious feeling in favour of the Plan , but on Tuesday night—as murder will out—he showed himself in his
true colours . He is not aware that I am acquainted with his correspondent , and the reputable source from which he derives his information and lias imbibed his prejudice ; however , on Tuesday ni ght , when there could be no anticipation of a debate upon the mere nomination of a select committee , he came to the charge with his brief in his hand and repeated Mr Hobson ' s guesses against the Plan . And this "Whig-created baronet , in the
most spiteful tone and manner , evinced a dreadful hostility to the Plan—though covered under an objection to the management—and pompously declared that he ( Sir Benjamin ) the protector of the poor , would have a rigid and searching inquiry , and he was anxious that more members , representing the manufacturing districts should be p laced upon the committee , of course with the view to protecting the interests of their clients , the opera , tives .
However , I have got the committee of fourteen gentlemen and the hon . baronet , and he shall examine every man with whom I have dealt , every man whom I have employed , and he will find that he has allowed himself to be the dupe of an artful and designing rascal . I assure you , my friends , that the most strict and searching inquiry is the very thing that I have always courted , while I will take care that neither malevolence nor spite towards the propounder shall be made the pretext or justification for condemning the plan itself .
I hope some of Sir Benjamin s constituents will send him a copy of the June number of the " Labourer , ' ' and that they will advise him to make himself master of the subject before he enters upon the discussion ; as at present , with the exception of Hobson's assertion as to the course pursued with regard to certification and registration , the hon . baronet is as innocent of the plan as a sucking babe ; but I should not censure him : the Whigs made him a Baronet for services rendered , or to be rendered . He
appears to be a Whig censor of Whig opponents , and sometimes does me the honour to read my letters to the " Old Guards " for the edification of the House . To this I have no objection , if he would read them with a little more spirit and unction ; as really , when drawled out in his sepulchral tone , my fi gures appear like an afflicted famil y stepping out of a mourning coach , and quite give me the blue devils , while I am oppressed with sympathy for the chief mourner .
However , my | friends , you may rely upon it . that there must be something essentially good for the People in a plan which has secured for itself and its propounder the undivided hosti lity , vituperation , and opposition of the Press , the Monopolists , the Government , and their tools . But for you I established it , and with you , and for you , I will carry it out ; assuring you that opposition but spurs me on to
increased resolution , and assuring you that , if I cannot succeed in having you protected b y Act of Parliament—which , however , I have every reason tofexpect—but , should that fail , so resolute am I , that I will have the Company completely registered at my own expense , and out of my own funds , cost what it may , as I am determined to live usefully and die a pauper , and that not a farthing shall be abstracted from the pence supplied by the poor man s
savings . Now , this Sir Benjamin has pricked me up a bit ; and let me just tell him what I will undertake to do , within the next three months , fjor the Natianal Land Company . I will undertake to realise between £ 8 , 000 and £ 10 , 000 profit for the members within the next three months , and without postponing the location of the members balloted . for by a single day . Thus I show that , if the present was a Landjobbing Company , that 1 would undertake , in less than a year , to return them interest , at
Ivoiic-;! - O'Co.V.Vorvhib.— Whitscsiide...
the rate of cent , per cent ., for their cap ital , or double the amount they have paid . My friends , there is one view in which this Land Plan has never been presented to you yet , and from it you will learn the identity of interest which it may yet create between the small capitalist and the labourer , without other capital than his labour . I will explain it for you in the most simple manner . You are aware that I performed the functions of unpaid auctioneer in Lincoln , on Monday last , and , in order to prove to you the value of land in the retail market , and the amount of interest that the small capitalist would receive from money invested in the purchase of small parcels of land— !
Firstly — - Some sold for 120 / . 10 s . per acre—some for 100 ? . —some for 951 ., and none under 701 . ; while a cottage , precisel y similar to those I build , and four acres of land , soil for 430 / . 10 * . Secondly—Many parties with a little capital , but not sufficient to purchase , offered to pay a year ' s rent in advance , and 20 ? . a year for four acres without a house . Now , estimating four acres that would have brought that rent , at 751 . per acre or 300 / . for the lot , it would have left the capitalist nearly seven per cent , in land and labour security , the land becoming every day better and more valuable—and , therefore , every day increasing his security .
Several other propositions were made to me , to this effect—that the purchaser would pay a fourth of the purchase money , and pay off all by instalments , being allowed five per cent , upon the amounts thus paid . My friends , it was not ignorant operatives , unpractised in agricultural operations , that offered these terms . It was gardeners and agricultural labourers , who , you may presume , are pretty good judges of the value and capabilities of the soil . However , on Whit-Monday , I will show yon a specimen of my country plan , as compared with your present state of bondage , and I hope to be surrounded with thousands and tens of thousands of my children upon that day , when I will submit the plan to their impartial consideration and decision .
On Monday night , after the auction , I had a glorious and highl y respectable and attentive meeting in the Town-hall , in the Cathedral city of Lincoln . It was crammed in every part . Mr Budd , a working man , was in the chair , and the meeting passed a unanimous and enthusiastic vote in favour of the Land and the Charter , and it was never my fate to address a more attentive , intelligent , and enthusiastic meeting—thus proving that we have taken the foul aspersions off Chartism , and
made it fife to be preached in Cathedral towns . My friends , I told you that the day would arrive when Ministers of the Crown would talk more about manure and less about allspice , nutmeg , ginger , and mace ; and as 1 have set the example in theory , I have been the first to carry it into practice ; and , perhaps , you will be astonished when I inform you that I have made , at Snig ' s End alone , over five thousand tons of the very best manure ; an amount , and of a quality , that actually flabbergasts the farmers when they see it .
Now , my children , that ' s money—in short , it is what you couldn't purchase for money—and yet the honourable member for Marylebone would look upon it as an unsightly nuisance which should be removed . In conclusion , I trust that all who are in doubt as to the description of the Cottages and of the Land , will visit Snig ' s End , on Monday , the l 2 th and I promise to show them something worth living for and worth dying for . Always bear in mind that it has never been my object to set class against class , nor the poor against the rich ; but my study has been to make the rich richer and the poor rich , by the better cultivation and more equitable distribution of the national resources .
Ever your faithful Friend and Representa tive and unpaid Bailiff , Feargus O'Connor .
Metropolitan Organisation. Divisions. Co...
METROPOLITAN ORGANISATION . DIVISIONS . COHHiesIOHEBB . 1 Tower Hamlets John Shaw , A . Sharp 2 Lambeth and Southwark James Basset 3 c Ho ^ n sbury ' and } Charles M ' C 3 rthy 4 St Pancras , MaryIe-1 bone , Paddington , I William Vernon and Westminster I
5 Greenwich 6 Chelsea , Brompton , ^ Fulham , Kensington , J Pimlico , Hammer- ! ¦ Henry Child smith , Bayswater , j and Netting Hill J " Hampstead , Highgate » Holloway , Kentish Town and Camden Town
Each district will form itself into localities ; each locality into wards of one hundred each ; each ward into classes or sections of ten each . The district councils and local committees are particularly requested to observe , that as the Executive have not as yet received sufficient funds to pay Commissioners , they must have their actual expenses paid b y the localities requiring their services . The Liberty Fund must be forwarded to the Executive as directed , and in no way interfere with the subscrip tions for the payment of Commissioners . All contributions , levies , or collections , to be under the control of the district and local committees .
Executive Notice, Great Demonstrations D...
EXECUTIVE NOTICE , GREAT DEMONSTRATIONS DURING WHITSUNTIDE . It is urgently requested that immediate notice be « ent to the Executive of atl intended great central meetings during the Whitsuntide holidays , together with the exact time of meeting , the p lace , and the name and address of secretary , or other person , upon whom the members of the Executive or Commissioners mav call . Mr Ernest Jones will attend the great camp meeting on Blackstone Edge , on Sunday , the lltb , and the West Riding Demonstration during the same week . Mr Kydd will attend the great demonstration for the Midland Counties . Mr M'Crae will attend the demonstration for the
Eastern Counties . Dr M'Douall will attend the Metropolitan great demonstration . Mr James Leach will be in Dublin . We recommend the men of Scitland to invite Mr West to Glasgow , and other great aggregate meetings , and to make arrangement s for the attendance of the Scotch Commissioners at the demonstrations during the Whitsuntide week . All the Commissioners who have accep ted invitations are requested to notify the same to the Executive ; those who have not made such engagements to attend the camp meeting nearest to their place of residence . The localities , in all instances , to bear their expenses .
North Shields —The Quarterly Meeting Of ...
North Shields —The quarterly meeting of thi s branch will ba htld on Monday evening , June 6 tb , at seven o ' clock , at the house of Mr Pratt , Magnesiabank . Brioitodsb . —A camp meeting will be held at this place to-morrow afternoon at two o'clock , when speakers from Halifax are expected to address the meeting , i ' ne delegates from each lecality in the district , are requested to meet opposite the Sun Inn , Rihtriek , at a quarter before eleven o ' clock in the ierenoon , when tbey will be conducted to the place of meeting .
Memorial To The Queen. The Following Is ...
MEMORIAL TO THE QUEEN . The following is Sir George Grey ' s reply to the letter of the Executive , as published in the Star - . — ... i ' Whitehall . May 17 th , 1848 . ' -. ' § ir , —I am directed by Secretary Sir George Grey to acknowled ge the receipt of your letter of this day ' s date requesting to have a definite reply to the subject matter of your communication of the 15 th instant . And I am to inform you , in reply , that Sir George Grey's answer to you of the lGlh instant , must be considered as definite . ' I am , Sir , your obedient Servant , ' G . Cornewail Lewis . ' ' Ernest Jones , Esq ., 'Literary Institution , John-street , ' Tottenham Court-road . ' The Executive have since forwarded the subjoined letter to the Queen : —
TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY . May it Please your Majesty , We , the undersigned , being the chosen representatives of a very considerable portion of your Majesty ' s faithful subjects , who have entrusted us with the presentation of certain memorials to your Majesty , feel very much grieved that your present Ministers have refused to grant that which time and precedent have consecrated—viz ., the royal right of yapi -Majesty to . receive in person the prayers , memorials , and petitions of your People . We protest against this violation of your Majesty ' s will and , we believe , pleasure . We have heard of your affability , but we are not permitted to
know it . We have read of your Majesty's sympathy for the sufferings of the People , but are denied the painful duty ef stating to your Majesty what those real sufferings are , and of imploring your Majesty to command your Ministers to adopt immediate measures for their removal , or to call to your Majesty ' s councils men who will do so . We are particularly anxious to express to your Majesty our deep regret that you were advised , previous to the loth of April , to remove from your Palace , in London , and subject yourself to the danger , inconvenience , and unnecessary trouble of a journey to the Isle of Wi ^ ht . We wish to assure your Majesty , that you would have been perfectl y safe , if not better protected , in the midst of your Peop le . 1
We are anxious to convey to your Majesty our op inions in the most loyal and respectful , but at the same time dutiful and distinct .
manner We wish to assure your Majesty , that your People will not consent any longer to be taxed , unless they have a voice in the imposition of the taxes . We wish to assure your Majesty , that your People will not consent to obey laws made without their sanction or assent , b y a contemptible minority . We wish to assure your Majesty , that such has been the decline of trade and wages , that your people cannot pay the present Taxes .
We wish to assure your Majesty , that there does not exist in any factory , workshop , or mine , a feeling of hostility towards your Majesty , but against the present system of Government . We wish to assure your Majesty , that the safety of the nation demands that this system should be changed , and we are your Majesty ' s most faithful subjects when we tell you so . May it please your Majesty , your worst enemies are those who leave you in ignorance of the true feelings , sufferings , and OPEN and ADVISED complaints of your people . We do not ask your Majesty to visit the cot / but to hear the cottager ' s complaint .
We do not ask your Majesty to enter the factory , workshop , or mine , but to receive the memorials of the working classes , praying for redress of grievances , removal of wrongs , and establishment of rights . May it please your Majesty , we conceive the recognition of your people's rights to be the most important , and their establishment the most imperative of duties . These rights , your Majesty , are expressed in the People ' s Charter .
We desire to state so much and to pray your Majesty ' s interference , least your people may be driven by the ill-advised acts of your Ministers to the same extremities , which similar counsels elsewhere have urged other nations to adopt . We implore your Majesty to grant us an audience , and to receive the memorials of your people for the sake of justice and humanity —for the better improvement of this country , —for the honour and glory of y our reign . And we shall ever remain , Your Majesty ' s faithful subjects .
P . M . M'DOUALL , ERNEST JONES SAMUEL KYDD , JAMES LEACH , JOHN M'CRAE .
Nominations. Fob Esectjtiye Committee. J...
NOMINATIONS . FOB ESECTJTIYE COMMITTEE . John M'Crae Henry Child D , " M Donall T . M . Wheeler Ernest Jones P- M'Grath James Leach J . Sidaway Samuel Kydd D- Donovan Feargus O'Connor W m , Dixon John West Richard Maradon Wm . Vernon Richard Pilling FOR COMMISSIONERS . T . M . Wheeler F . Clark Alexander Sharp Jno . Mason II . Child & White J . West W . Cuffay Jas . Shirron T . Richards
A . B . Uenry w . Byrne D . Lightowler W . Hansom J . Shaw , Tower Hamlets Wm , Fussell , London T . Jone ? , Liverpool It . Wild Wro . Vernon — Wilkins D Donovan Dr M'D . iuall W . Lacey Wra . insell W . Brook Wm . Damer R . Pilling D Shaw M . Stevenson — Donaldson J . Cummicg — Hosier W . Basaett C . M'Cartby J . Shaw , B . G . Buck by J . Tattnall R Burrell
J . Motr J . Ironside Jrs . Linney II Rankin A . Fuft > ell , Birmingham J . Dawson Jas . Adams J . Lpnch Wra . Bi . liwell , B . Dr Reynolds R . Cochrane J . Baiker J . D . Stevenson — Parker Ja * . Sweet F . Wubb D . R'lss A . Ilanley W . Bell Jas . Street — Dickenson T . Bedon Thoa . Cooper T . Lund J . Savage F . Reynolds J . Dixon
The Provisional Executive will publish on or before June 3 rd , a liafc of all the candidates nomimated for the Executive , and for Commissioners . The secretary of each locality shall cause the aaine to be made public to the members , and an election by ballot shall take place under the superintendence of the local nflicerg on some day from Thursday the 15 th , to Monday the 194 h of June . The number of votes obtained by each candidate shall be icnt to the Provisional Executive , duly authenticated by tho signature of the secretary and chairman , on or before Wednesday . June 21 .
Mottrau—The National Co-Operative Benefi...
Mottrau—The National Co-operative Benefit Society will meet in the lecture room , at one o ' clock , on Sunday , June 4 th , 1818 . The National Land Company at two o ' clock , and the members of the Charter Association at three o'clock—Same date and place . Parties wishing to become members , must attend at the above hours .
Mottrau—The National Co-Operative Benefi...
ADDRESS TO THE TRADES OF ENGLAND . Labour , skill , and direction , are the great elements of progressive wealth and civilisation . You are every day told that labour is the parent of wealth—the truth has been proclaimed in all agesbut at no age in the history of England has the declaration been involved and practically embodied in the framework of society . Feudalism , in its dark and gloomy era ,-held the labourers as slaves , feeling and knowing the value of labour , but treating the workers aa part of the property of the chief or ruler ; it is truthfully written , in » Turner ' s History of the Anglo-Saxons . ' ' Let every man know his team of men , of horses , and of oxen . ' Feudalism , barbarism ,
and slavery , are inseparable , nor can it be otherwise ; untutored man is the child of impulse and of passion—and though romance may clothe feudalism in the daring of chivalry , end the poetry of fiction—yet stern necessity , an allegiance to truth , commands an acknowledgment of the fact—that the labourers were serfs , and the serfs were slaves . Feudalism never conceded to the labourer the free exercise of judgment ; the right to buy and sell ; still less could its spirit recognise the doctrine of a free enfranchisement of mind ; the right to be heard on labour ' s interests within the councils of rulers ; or in any way to possess , regulate , or distribute the wealth created by the pawer of labour . Such
demands have been reserved for a later period of our country ' s history ; and it is gratifying to read the sound sense and intelligence of the London stone , masons , as shadowed forth . in ' Meir address to the metropolitan trades , and to the labourers and workmen of England generally . Such an address is an answer to all that may be written by mistaken men , on the policy and intentions of the producing Classes , and indicates that honourable independence is the heart ' s wish of England ' s workmen j and ihat the men whose skill constitutes the glory of our country , and conserves the security of the state , are preparing to do their part in the coming age of social and political emancipation .
As English societ y has progressed toward a state of self-independence , her history is burthened with accounts of poor laws , implying the existence of a class who were dependent on the industry of others for their support : such a class are clearly slaves , for if the labourer earns not his bread by the sweat of his brow , he fulfils not nature ' s law to man , and cannot be free to claim his right among the affairs of men . Parochial relief is parochial slavery , and is no improvement on baronial seifdom . Sometimes the maintenance of the poor has been intrusted to the Church , at other times to the State , but under either authority the degree of vassalage has remained unchanged . The Church could acknowledge the
worth of the industry of the labourers , and the old ca'hedral edifices are standing monuments of their skill . The skilled workmen of the past may not have been of the degraded caste of villeins or slaves , but they were of the people and of the labourers , and their handicraft is honourable to their genius , and creditable to their memory . But though the skill of our forefathers gave to religion art , the Church gave not to the poor independence . No , such a triumph over ignorance has been reserved in the womb of time ; to be born , when man shall have discovered that to labour is honourable—and to live , when man ' s knowledge shall have taught him the worth and duties of civilisation and independence .
From the nature of coramer « e , as now conducted in England and ail other commercial states of Europe , the skilled workmen are subject to periodical recurrences of pauperism , unequalled for severity in the history of the past ; and in fact it is to be feared , that the causes leading to such results , are every day becoming more aggravated . The government , as at present constituted , has shown no aptitude to deal with this increasing malady ; and it is as clear to me as the sun at noonday , that if this heirloom of the past and present be not fairly met , that nothing can save England from one of two fates—either decline
as a nation , or a struggle of blood between the supposed oppressors and oppressed . A revolution of the stomach is inevitable , provided there be not a change in our social system—hunger is a hard taskmaster ; men , women and children , must be fed , and it is for the true interest of all , that every association should be cultivated aud encouraged , that will tend to throw light on the greatest of all questions , the organisation and direction of labour ; and there is much to be hoped for , from so practical and intelligent a body as the organised trades of England would be .
As it is my intention to resume this subject on an early day , on which occasion I will relate , more immediately to the commercial and industrial history of the working classes , I ' ^ conclude , by recommending the project , propounded by the stone-masons of London , to the attention of the trades ; the scheme may be rendered perfectly practical and utilitarian . The government of Lord John Russell is an incumbrance on industrya drag-wheel on social improvement . If the trades Of London alone were partially organised for political and social purposes , and supported by their brethren of Manchester , and Glasgow , no go \
evnment could resist their influence , and the Russell Cabinet would either have to give way to the spirit of revolution and change , or make way for other men . Society properly organised for good and useful purposes , will prove too vast , too powerful , and unmanageable , to be materially retarded in its progress for improvement by any government . The orgatdsation of the trades is a great step in the light direction . See to it , workmen of London and England ; and thanking the Editor for the privilege of addres sing you , I am , y ; mrs fraternally , Samuel Kyed .
The National Registration And Election C...
The National Registration and Election Committee will meet on Tuesday evening next , June 6 th , at eight o ' clock precisely , at the Assembly Rooms , 83 , Dean-street , Soho . The National Victim Committee will meet at the same time and place . ilALiFAX . ~ Mr Alderson of Bradford is expected to lecture in the large room , Builolose-laoe , to-morrow evening at six o ' clock . A Public Meeting on behalf of the People ' s Charter , will be held at , 9 , Iroogate Wharf , Paddington , on Sunday afternoon next , Juno 'ifcli , at halfpast three o ' clock precisely . Pater . vostkr ' s LocALiir , Turville-street , Churchstreet , B « thnal-greeii . —John bhiw will lecture here on Sunday evening , June 4 h , at eight o ' clock , when officers fur this locality will be chosen .
Mr Ktdd ' b Route . — -Manchester , Sunday , 4 th of June ; Stockport , Monday , S . h ; Todmordon , Tuesday , O . h ; Burnley , Wednesday , 7 ch ; Birmingham , Sunday , ll $ h ; Whit Monday , Nottingham ; Tuesday , Loughborough ; Wednesday , Leicester ; Thursday , Noithampton . A Camp Meeting will be hold on Ilaughton-green , fur the purpose ot testing the opinion of the people on Lord John Russell ' s declaration that tho people did nut want reform ; and also Mr Cobden ' s assertion that the people ef England were not with Mr
O'Connor . Messrs J . West , J . Leach , B . S . Treanor , 11 . Wild , and J . Anderson , of Scalybridge , will address the meeting . The Rev . Joseph Barker of Leeds , and a member of the Executive of the National Cbarter Association , will also _ . be invited , and are expected to attend . Chair to be tak-m at one o'clock in the afterniion precisely . Ashton , Mottram , Stalybridge , Dmylsden , Glossop , DuckiLnold , Stockport , New Mills , are requested to send delegates to the delegate meeting to take place at the house Mr Thomas llivst , Batanical Tavern , Ilaughton Ditle , at tm o ' clock iu the forenoon .
Nottisguam—The next meeting of the Land members will be held at the Red Lion , Narrow Marsh , on Sunday evening next , at seven o ' clock . A free and easy will be held at the Ranclilfe Tavern , Gedling atreet , on Saturday evening , at sevt-u o ' clock . Belper— The members of this branch arc requested to attend a special meeting on Monday , June 5 , at Mr George Wigky ' s , Dusty Miller , to reorganise the branch under the new Plan of Organisa Slot ! .
Souiu-eam Cheshire . —A Chartist camp mealing will be held on Whit-Sunchy next , at Whctley Moor , to commence at ten o ' clock in tho morning , and close at five in tho afternoon . Sever al talented speakers will address the meeting . Limkhocsk . —Brunswick Hall . —Tho members of this branch of the Land Company are requested to attend a special meeting , on Tuesday evening next , at eight o ' clock , to take into consideration the expenditure of the Company , as per last balance sheet . »
The National Registration And Election C...
/ TdE L 4 ND AND THE CHARTER . THE RIGHTS OF LABOUR , AND no" : VO ACHIEVE TilBM . ( From the Lincoln Timet . ) FEARGVS O'CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P ., - Addressed a Urge meeting at the Corn Kxchang Room last evening . Amongst those present were a creat number of strangers from Nottingham , Newark , and othe ? places . The admittance vra ' J one penny , and the galtery at ( ha Wcstendolibdroom was filled with the fair sex . On Mr O'Connor ' s arrival with hia friends he was londly cheered . ^ UE L 4 NU AND THE CHARTER . THE RIGHTS OF LABOUR , AND no" : VO ACHIEVE TilBM .
Mr Sharp proposed that Mr Budd , a wo-kineaian , take the chair , which was carried unanimously The chairman read the bill by which lli < : nr ^ iing was called . He observed that they had heard other subjects discussed , but they had seldom an opportunity of hearing tho rights of Labour , and iiovr to achieve them , explained and advocated . Th-.: y- had now amongst them that unpurchaseable friend . f the people , Feargus O'Connor , Esq , and ha would address lh ? ra on this subject which was on- frangbfc with the well-being of ev ^ ry son of toil . Uv coutd not detain thsm from hearing that gentler- ; 'n , as by ho doinj ? be should be doing them an injustice , ( Cheers . ) He wouldat once introduce Mr O'Ct jjnob to the meeting .
On Mr O'Connor coming forward he was received with deafening cheers . —He said , that , he remembered the time when he would be thought a bold man who came into this cathedral city to preach the doctrines of democracy to the people . If the ministers of religion did their duty as the Bible taught them , it would not be left for him to have to instruct the people in their rig hts . There were around him many who had followed him from other towns , who for fifteen years had had the same views in common with himself , and had the same
A . B . C . of politics , but he had no new views to propagate , different to what he had delivered in other towns . He supposed they all went to church on Sunday , and he was not going to preach more radical princip les than they heard there sometimes . ' God made man , and gave him the earth for his sustenance and inheritance , ' that he might till'it for the common benefit of all . God made man to labour , that by the sweat of his brow he should gain his daily bread ; and he did not make placemen pensioners , and idlers . ( Hear , hear . ) The parsons taught the doctrine ' that the poor were the especial objects of God ' s providence . ' Many of the middle classes associated the idea of anarchy with the
present Chartist movement , but he could assure them that whenever the people of any country were driven to riot and bloodshed , it was because they were driven to it by persecution . It was necessary that labour should understand its position . That trade and aristocracy should also understand their positions . He told the men of Lincoln that if they were not crouching sycophants , he should not have to come amongst them to teach them the nature of their rig hts . The working men only agitated for these rig hts when times of adversity came , not when they were in full work and laying by for a rainy dayonly when they . were powerless—not when they were powerful , ( Hear . ) Now he would suppose that
out of the present population of England there were three millions of labourers . These three millions of men , sufficiently employed and fairly remunerated for such employment , would enable a government to screw out of them sufficient to keen up the present extravagant expenditure of this country . The government pensioned all kinds of paupers upon them according to the times , and the improved state of trade . Well , suppose one million out of these three became unemployed—became unwilling idlers in the labour market—why then the government was compelled to squeeze the same amount out of two millions who were badly paid , in consequence of the million competitive idlers , as they
did out of the three millions well paid . When trade was bad the working people suffered and were driven to reduced wages , but did the parsons , placemen , ministers of the state , judges , admirals , generals , officers of the army and navy , soldiers or sailors , suffer by a reduction of their salaries ? No , they were very dangerous customers to try experiments with . Men who had arms in their Lands , and power , through their political influence , were the last to be lowered , and until the working classes were represented in the House of Commons , labour would continue to be the bugbear of those in power . They were told that labour was the source of wealth ; true , it was so , for it gave the standard of
value to the raw material . This labour question was convulsing the whole of Europe , but no man except himself , had yet devised a plan sufficiently wide as to embrace all Nature ' s children . He Wished it to be understood that he did not want them all to go upon the land . Suppose a district where there were three thousand artisans , but where only two thousand could find employment ; b y p lacing the remaining one thousand idle eouroetitors upon the land , they would more tha . ; -support the two thousand artisans in employment , lie wanted the free labour field that a man might be employed from it . Was is . not a better market than the public house and the dram shop ? ( Cheers . ) lie
wanted free trade in legislation , as much as any . thing . They were continually being told that agriculture and manufactures must go hand in hand , but he said , they must both shake hands fust . With a constant increasing population , the number of agricultural labourers in the United Kingdom had decreased to the amount of two hundred and eighty thousand within the last eleven years , so that in the very same proportion that population was increasing , the me . ans of supporting it was decreasing , He would take two square miles of land on which , according to his plan , he could locate eight hundred members of five members each . Placed upon the land , they would be four thousand customers for the
mauufaeturers . The writers on political economy would tell them that if these eight hundred men we-e sent five thousand miles away they would form a colony of customers . But why not be customers at home , close by ? Under this system he believed that every agricultural labourer would support a tradesman or artizan . He had shown , in a calculation he bad made with great caution , that England , if properly cultivated , would support two hundred millions of men , not in comfort merely , but positively in affluence . ( He tken detailed his views at some length regarding education , contending that the present system only unfolded the vices rather than the noble virtues of mankind . He then passed on to review the conduct of the middle classes at
election times , showing that they supported the interests of the aristocracy , who gave them a bill at six months , rather than those of theworking classes who paid them ready money , and thereby enabled the tradesman to give credit to the bill man . ) He advocated the Charter that the people mig ht become nationalised . Labour could not do good for itself alone , and he assured those tradesmen who had attended that night to hear him , that they were much indebted to the working classes for their ready pence , as an empty till on a Saturday night made an ugly wife on Sunday morning—( laughter and cheers . ) ( Mr O'Connor then alluded to his imprisonment in York Castle for eighteen months .
expressing his doubt of the honesty of paid patriots , stating that he had never travelled a single mile nor ate a single meal at the expense of the people . ) If he was asked by any one present how it was that he presumed to talk to them on labour , he told them that it was liecause he worked harder than any of them . He worked regularly for thirteen , fourteen , and sometimes fifteen hours in the day . He then reviewed the proceedings which had just taken place respecting John Mitchel , and rebuked the hundreds who said they would stand by him to the last , He
deprecated those leaders who recommended physical force , and respecting the Crown and Government Security Bill , which he termed the ' gagging bill , ' he said that Sir George Grey had told him that the bill was only intended for t ! -: e leaders , and he replied to him that' a live dog was better than a dead duke , and that he was too old a bird to be caught with chaff . ' ( Laughter . ) After a speech of about an hour ' s duration , during the delivery of which Mr O'Connor was often vociferously cheered , the speaker resumed his seat .
Mr Siunp moved ' That this meeting ia of opinion that the Gagfiing Bill , falsely called tho Crown and Government Security Bill , having becsme the law of tho land , furnishes additional proof that tho Ibnseof Commons dots not represent the interests and feelings of tho people of this country , and the best m ^ ans Ot doing bo , would be by making tha People ' s Charter tho law of the land . Seconded by MrLangworth . A vote of thanks was afterwards awarded to Mb O ' Connor and also to Mr Budd , the chairman , and JliC meeting then separated .
Urrar Wobtlkt In Leeds.-—Messrs Councill...
UrraR Wobtlkt in Leeds .- —Messrs Councillor Brook and J « mea Harris , ot Leeds , addressed a large meeting in the village on Monday last , on tha ' New Plan of Organisation , ' whed thirty members were added to _ the association . P . S . —While I am writang , the magistrates are placarding tha borough against any persona drilling ov training to the use of arms , under the penalty of transportation and imprisonment .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 3, 1848, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_03061848/page/1/
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