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* fiMirtS ^cfomeni
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- EOr*7K Of COMMONS.—Mo>dav, if-". 'v. -...
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DriKADF'irL Dkath of ajs* Aged .Woman".—...
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BIRTH. - ^ • Thomas Slingabr Duncombe Fl...
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BANKRUPTS. (From Friday's Gazette, Feb. ...
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Fruited by DOUGAL M'GOWAN, of 17, Great; (""^t-Mj ter > Frintedby DOUGAL M'GOWAN, of 17, Gi*e»* ^"5tM
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Fruited by DOUGAL M'GOWAN, of 17, G; (""...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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* Fimirts ^Cfomeni
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- - _^ HOUSE OF _LORDS—Mox-OAr _, Feb . 10 . _^ 4 _M * i _& K _« _AciE _>' nino , _* s ° r Eome * , apers rtJatius : fc -d £ s income and other taxes , entered into some _finan-StiWementsaiid calculations , which he hoped would _mtBtTrimdncJconsideration from the Cliancellor of the _^• _i _^ D _^ _e- of -Wir . Lu .-GTo-,- said he was willing to afford _M _iiffenaKon o ., the subject ; hut he thought the SSeLonl _wiuldnot _expect that any statement should be _lUalAy ' _Mn . until tlie financial measure had . been Weight forward by the Govemment . in the otter House _of'Parliament ; 4 , _» Tuesdat , Ikb . 11 . - ' -The House * at for a short time , but no business of importance was _Tirou-Ai under consideration . ft - ' , - ' . ' _TnuKSDAV , Feb . 13 .
- .: l . _^ Ta _^ TA _^ L _> . vhiivmg been summoned bywiit to the Hbii = c _uf _'& _h-ls , under the rifle of lord Stanley , of _inow _£ 3 _f . r , _>^ _« - introduced to-day by lords Jtedesdale and _v"faatneii « v , ' arid took the oaths _auuhis scat . iJiori _CAjqjBEU . introduced two Bills , the object of wiiiK * v . ecc _vflien persons who were indebted to parties in . thii c _*> aiitry - left it and resided in foreign parts , I >? _< -.-:- _« Slight be served upon them , judgment obtained _niril—* . tliem ; and their _propci-ty secured for the benefit _ovtln-ir creditors " ; 7 _* _% s' 2 ffdrcjtjitf of _. _Ko-aiiASiiT , after presenting a petition _uifiiTour of this Government Medical Beform Bill , gave _noticethat . in -a few days he should present a petition , _agreed . to at a public meeting held at Exeter Hall , pray _, iuu . _tha Hpu £ e . to , tak < - _measm'es for the improvement of drainage in large towns .
. The sul » jet _* . t ,. of the recent gambling transactions m _KaHwaj ; _shannon the Stock Exchange , aud the imputed communication of ; improper infoiination , by some one _bdpagingtotl-ci _' oardofTrado _, v . _us brought under the _attenSou of " the -House by lord _Dalhousie , who defended hfmsaf _. and big colleagues of tlie Hoard of Trade , in a inui : ' _--= r « from 1 ! ic _iuij-uratiouo _wst or . ilicm . Tli * cbar _^ c _lirfnciisJly . at fti _^ d ilr . 1 > . O'Brien , aad Lord Dalhousie ' s P _5 _[» _iataij 05 i : iv ; j _^* . ejy similar in impure to ihat _givi-n hy Sir _-faui ' _eJ GtsBj . mn on Tots-lay « _-venfcig , ia answer to Mr . _Vt ' akfei _.- ' _-i-vi-d . _tiroB'iham and Lord _Lansdowiw joined in _j . _w _coiivei _.-ittio : ' ., Mid when ii wr . _* _i-iid-d iae lio ; ise adjourned .: ' .:
- Eor*7k Of Commons.—Mo>Dav, If-". 'V. -...
- EOr * _7 _K Of COMMONS . —Mo > _dav , if- " . ' v . * " ib-z " ¦ gifascsLi _^ Ji vi tlie ExciiE-jc :: _s _-p : * - ! . - notice thai oi . _'• _FLmu _^ _iylw _wt _' -Jii move : ii : ii the House sbouM _reswv _* _itst ' _-f «!* o a coir . r . Hliee of supply , ia whicli ho would _sMi-Sr ' _aVidt' of _Eaa _.-1-ojecr Bill , ii : ortk-r ia enable . his _Kigiii " iloK . Trieiid Sir 11 . red io . move for a committee of ways and' mains on _Tiiday . Mr . 7 . Yocsc i . iovcd for a _niw vrit fur _Lcwcs , in Uic _n-Aioof tbi IToa . _liciay _JFitsrov . who l = _-is _aeivi _. ted the _ofWl :. " a ! _t « - _-rjl ' of the Admiral * . ; . - . Ti : _4 " v tfcei" buaiiss * was of a rouilac _t-iaracter . -.. " . - _¦'¦ : _.--TctSDAT , YVX .. 11 . _5 ir 3 * . _FaiiaASTLE took ihe oaths , and bis seat for the boroagu of Buckingliain .
3 Jr . _Wau-sce " _callttl attention , to the several reports _oiSeieetConimiticcsuii _Jlailways , to the appointment of the Hallway Board in August last for fhe transaction of _railway-Jbusiness , and the effect of its published decision , with a view to the revision and amendment of the Act of last _session . He complained , that by the present system ths people of Great Britain were suliject to a monopoly of the most grinding and injurious character- Admittingths cenrtesy with _ivhich he had been treated by the Prcsi . deal aad Yice-rresideut of the Board of Trade , and all their subordinate officers , he contended that the appointment of the Hallway Board was anything but constitutio . 'ial , for it was neicr intended , on their appoiutment , tbuti & e cfwnbers of the board should interfere with and decide npon alliuteniKl arrangements for travelling in the
united _iiiigdoiu . There were at present 218 railways , eitI ) er _^ ewro : t * _' - -s or roads to be _altta-e _. l and extended , on wl . _iciilnris were to be brought forward tliis session , and it _waf-rscciitly-thought , but he was glad to say erroneously , ihat none of these bills could be introduced without a preliminary decision in theu * favour by the Bailway Hoard . He complained also of the expense of transit on railroads , _andreta * sonic ' , tables of the fores , rate ' , and _tpeed on two railroads in Scotland , for tlie purpose of showing that tbe labouring , classes of England might be carried on their railroads as cheaply and _% _vith as much comfort as the same classes vreit now comejecl in Scotland . It had been shown that in first class carnages passengers could be _corr . _'isycil' twenty-five miles au hour at 3 d . a mile —thai , second class passengers could be conveyed the same , speed iu their carriages at 2 d . a mile—and that fhirc- _'ilass passengers could be carried the same speed at
Id . a-jnlle . -He ¦ argued thar _^ if such were the case , and he believed it to be nearly so , the present railway companies had no right to auy indulgence from the House ; for _theyiai defrauded the public , and were defrauding , it still .. _? i was the duty of Parliament to rectify the mistake wliich il " made some years ago , when it gave a monopoly to _ihess companies , and to insist that an open competition Bita _' _them should be allowed . He thought that great g _oodwonld _ba ' doue by adopting the system of tender , which "was adopted abroad . The House was bound to malt ? provision tuaj . no carriages should be permitted to raaon any railroad that was nnsafc to the health of tlie _passengers : and yet it -was undeniable that so . carriages were 50 nernieiouE to health as the second and third class carnages " on most , if not all , of our modern railroads . He _conceded by moving for leave to bring iuabill to repeal the Bailwav Act of last session .
Mr . _Bwast thought that , _hoivever well it might answer abroad , the" system of constructing railroads hy tender noulc never answer in this country . He thought that the _^ _best mode of commencing reform in' railway legislation would be "by reforming the construction of _Parhameaiasy committees , and by maldng them _independent and impartial bodies . Then u scientific and commercial body might be called in to assist the Parliamentary commi _^ cc '; but he protested agaiiist calling in any department ef the Government , as a Government body , to interfere . He thought that experience confirmed the proposition of Mr . Wallace , that it was expedient to _redncoihe _i-aleot fares on nearly every railroad ! Lord Howies-had voted for the Bailway Act of last H _* sk < n . and thought that , _thowrli not a perfect , it was
st : H * _a-v « T nscfu' Act . He a _* jrced , however , _vritliHr . _TV ; iliace , in thinking that it was important _thatParlia-j ujcnt _aiould secure for the public greater facilities and j greater" cheapness in railway travelling . ' As a great i number of-railway bills - were about to be _iutrodnved tliis scss ? on , 'Tar 3 iainent ought seriously to consider at ones j _iviiatsjeasorcs it npnld adopt to accomplish fl : _ose obje _« -fe . ' Rethought that tlie first tiling on which _Parliac _* £ iit chould determine was to do in all cases tliatwliich was always done in France on similar occasions—namely , to decide- between competing companies ou the liue of _raflfoad to he adopted ; for instance , there were three lines-sow proposed between London and York . He fiioiigiit . that on such a point they might trust to the evidence of scientific persons to be appointed bvthe House .
Then ; having fixed- ou the line of railroad , you might call oa the rival companies to send in tenders for making it . —Ifiose . tenders should contain the' terms of travelling , the rates of speed , and tl _. e fares at which theparties would _conv-ey . passengers . Thus the House would get rid of _thfeidifiiculty of deciding on competing lines , and _u-oui . _i check a spirit of gamblingin railway shares which wast . _tiboolutely demoralising the country . He thought that-tflis . ; plau . would also cause a large reduction in the _^ te of -fores , which at present very much exceeded the cost . of carrying passengers . By laying down by _Tartia _^ _aentiirj ' . authority in the railway bills about to be _introdaced a strict regulation as to the rate of _fiires to be levied , they would bring down the feres exacted by all existing-railroads , as they were now nearlv all' iu union or
Junction : with each other . They would also bv such a course moderate the eagerness of enterprise in such speculations , which did not now , as it did originally , require a stimulant . On the ' contrary , he was of opinion that there was at present a mania in the public mind on this 8 ubjeet , -which required to be modified and checked . It might be said that it would be unjust , when parties had gone to all the trouble and expense of making preliminary inquiries about a line of railroad , to take it out of their hail < k !! 7 It would be £ 0 if no remuneration were made to tiiem . Bnt at present those parties had no claim ou Parliament .. . Parliament _niight be of opinion that a line
shpnld be made , and yet that those parties should uot make it . H « trusted that no railway bill , would be passed _, tl _&' sesaon without the committee looking closely at the table of fares , and proceeded to demonstrate the advantage " of , suibh sm arraugement by his own experience as chairman _ ~ of a Bailway Committee last session . He had heard some _persons insist on the necessity of deferring all railway _^ legislation dming the present sessioD , in order that'they might deliberate hi the interim on the legislation whictthey ought to adopt . To such a proposition he could - not agree , as it would carry a large amount pf _capital out of the country to be embarked iu the meantime rn _foc & _s _& i specula lions .
_"CSolonel Sibtuobp approved generally of Lord Howick ' s suggestions : but why bad he not suggested thein before , inste _^ l _^ of dclVrriug them till the _pi-eseut , the _eleveiith hpurf ' _^ In " ' the short period of time during which tlie Bouse sat , it woidd be quite impossible to investigate fairlyinto the merits of the 'J 48 railway bills which were coming before it . _ . j . Mr . _Gisbobne said that arrangements had grown up under the bill oflastsesaioji which it would now be ex . ** remejyimpplitic to uiterferc witli _^ and therefore he could not support the motion of ! Mr . Wallace .
Mr . S . WoBTixr had great donbt as to the policy of pnbKSEingin tlie Gazelle the decisions of the Bailway C _^ nhmittee of tlie Hoard of Trade befo re the reports of tbe committee wero laid before Parliament . The _inischiefj-hbwever _, was already done , and it was too late now to attempt ' a remedy . He suggested the propriety Of appointing a committee to ascertain the best mode of getting through the immense press of railway Dimness winch was likely to beforced on the consideraton df the House ; _:-lr . _TiViKBu-ft-rds considered that _LordTHowidk _' s" suggestion ofa modificatiorfof the French " system would be _xound impracticable in this country , ; where towns rose into importance Or Sunk iuto _insigiificance in a lesser number jof years than that for wlich the monopoly would be granted . ... ,- _; . - " . . .. _ . /_ ....
After some observations from Mr . "Bankes , respeeSii " di _^ _wy'iu _^ ivnj _^ _i . tiiepublic interestsiin _someparte ofthe _^ _W _^ _F _^ f _¦^? f _^ ce , i P tho o _^ erwhelmmg mflu ' _eniife ' of _i _^ _fflp _^ _g _^ n _sk ' of railway . 7 ' - * - \~ . , ' ~ ' -y "' _" " : : _^'" . " ¦ J $ _hffij _^ _£ o _&& 4 bat 1 be _faW < 5 _iat _4 t ? _tic * thereports of _tte Bailway _^ _pard . ' 7 He _" _pWtnwjgaiBttaByp-redpitatecTOaiannafioii
- Eor*7k Of Commons.—Mo>Dav, If-". 'V. -...
which had been creatccl under the sanction of tlie Hoiibe , and wliicii sbiric gchfieineii wanted nevertheless ! to abolish before it haa made it ' s first report to Parliament . That board had been censured for publishing its decisions in the _tecHe . So far from thinking their conduct in that respect censurable , he ' thought'that after they had come to adecisioh they were bound to ' publish it . In the course of two or three days the report of the Board of Trade on the first" class ofrailways would be _published . That would enable flie House to judge of the principles upon which they acted ; and surely if would he advisable for Hon . Gentlemen to postpone , their judgment till they had perused that report . He hoped that the House would not abandon the principles on which it had hitherto pro-, .,..,,, _u > n _» _- _«
_seeded with regard to " railway _^ bills until they were convinced that those principles were erroneous : "They had been-told that 240 railway bills were to be presented tothe House in the course of the present session ; but he _^ hadnb doubt that discussion would considerably diminish that number . The wisest course would . be to appoint a committee to consider the subject , ' under the assumption that there would be an unusual number of such bills . An Hon . Friend of his had procured the assent ofthe House to a committee on private bills , which consisted of persons the most conversant in the nouse with the conduct of private business . He hoped that that committee would not apply'itself in" the first instance to the consideration of private bills generally , but would proceed to that of railway bills before all others , and
would reflect on the manner in which the House should deal with the 150 such bills that were likely to come before it . It might be necessary to constitute a number of committees , of five or seven members each . The report of such committees , if the members would give continuous attendance , would have weight with the House ; aud , if so , -the evil would not be of _that magnitude as to induce them to despair of overcoming it . Supposing there were 200 sueh bills , wh y should they not sacrifice _ttcir time to the consideration of them ? If they could not get members to serve spontaneously on such committees , they must adopt the principle adopted in election committees , and compel them to serve in some way or other , - He Ijad never heard of lord Howick's ' pkfn before that .. evening " , but lie thouclit that if the House undertook to consider it . if
woaldlead to great confusion , ins plan was that Government should undertake a -new survey of all the railways now projected , and which had already heen surveyed by the Hoard of Trade . That might he a good plan , but at au \ rate it would lead to the suspeusion of every railway for a considerable time . If tliis wero a res inieava , Government might perhaps undertake to produce a revenue by undertaking to make a railroad ,, though be did not know what efi'ect such a proceeding might have on the constitution of the country in the multitude of subordinate oflicers in the pay of Government to which , it would give . _risr-. Besides , ' even if " you had " a Government board to decide whicli was' the best of th <* throe _conipc-tinsr line * between London ' and York , mentioned hy Lord Howiclc , it would still be open to all the suspicions to whicli the present Government board was exposed .
. Mr . _IViKLEr said that no one had said-one word respecting the greatest of all evils—the enormous length of barristers' speeches . The Hon . Gentleman then rend an article from a publication called the Economist , intimating that shares to a large extent had been purchased by Mr , William O'Brien , whose brother is one of the members of the Bailway Committee of the Board of Trade , and observed tliat investigation was absolutely necessary in order to purge the board from the suspicions to which these share transactions of Mr . William O'Brien inevitably gave
. Sir James Gsaham entered into au explanation exculpatory of the Messrs . O'Brien , and challenged inquiry if a siugle . doubt remained of their integrity . He was informed by those gentlemen , and believed , that no communication had taken place between them relative to railway business ; and for liis own part he would declare , as his name was mentioned in the article in the Economist , that he never held a railway share in his life . Mr . _Bbothebto } . * said , in his opinion , there was much niore reason to complain ofthe speeches of Hon . Members of that House than of the speeches of counsel , on the score of length . After a few observations from Mr . Darby , and from Mr . Wallace in reply , the motion was withdrawn .
BOXE CKOSH 1 SG IK WOKXUOU 5 ES . Captain _Pechem , in moving for a return , ordered last session , of all the union workhouses under the Poor Law Amendment Act , in which the paupers were employed in grinding or crushing bones , by means of mills or other machinery , complained of ihe delay which had taken place in its production . The order had gone in July last to the Poor law Commissioners . The Poor Law Commissioners were under Sir J . Graham , and he would show that the information for which he asked was furnished tothe Poor Law Commissioners before the prorogation of Parliament . He wanted this return in order to compare the administration of tlie Poor Law in the Gilbert Unions w _^ h its administration under the Poor Law . Commissioners : - - . ¦ . ¦
Sir 3 . Gbaham bad pressed the Poor law Commissioners to make this return before the close of last session . Different circumstances had prevented them ; but the return was now ready , and would be presented wijthin three or four days ; It was matter of regret to him —and he had stated it before—that this crushing of bones by machinery was practised in the union houses . . . It was not ordered by the Poor Law Act , nor by tbe _* . Sccretary of State , nor by the Poor Law Commissioners ; but it was the act of the local boards , unchecked by any superior or central authority . ¦ Lord Esbisgt ' o ' n contended that , if Sir James Graham ' s principle were to be adopted , bones must be * crushed by mdependent labourers , if thev were crushed at all .
Mr . _WkKrET thought , that as this practice hud how got advocates-among Noble lords , the local interest , which supiiorte ' d such atrocity , must be stronger than he supposed . The Poor law Commissioners must have more to do than he had hitherto given thein credit for . He knew that they , had been the protectors of . his profession against the parsimony of boards of guardians . One board bad dismissed a surgeon for giving what-they considered too much food to sick paupers , and the Poor Law Commissioners , though they declared the surgeon to haVe acted rightly , had . not the power to reinstate him . He thought that Sir James Graham ought not to allow forty-eight hours to elapse without giving additional powers to tlie Poor Law Commissioners , if that which Lord Ebriugton had stated were correct . If that Noble lord had sanctioned the offensive , _disagreeable , and unwholesome practice of crushing decomposed bones in any union-house , he was afraid that the practice was more general than he had anticipated .
. Mr . U-oewck calkd . the attcntum ol * the liouse to the wide discrepancy between the opinions just expressed by Mr . . Wakley and those which ho had'formerly advocated to obtain popular applause . Iu bis past speeches he would hare deprived " the three tyrants of Somerset-house , " "the pineh-paupers , " of all power-whatsoever . Now forty-eight hours were not to elapse without additional powers being granted to them for the sake of humanity . . Mr . Wakley had formerly pointed the finger of scorn towards all who supported the New Poor Law . He ( Mr . Roebuck ) had supported il from the first : and he now fixed the finger of scorn on Mr . Wakley , for the recklessness either of lis past or of his present assertions . That Hon . Member was not justified in employing the arts of popular demagogucism to cast obloquy upon men who are as humane and honourable as himself , and a little " niore cautious and deliberate in coming to conclusions on important subjects ;
Sir C . Lemon declared it to be his opinion that the paupers would find the breaking of stones _nota whit more agreeable to them than the crushing of these bones by machinery . " Mr . Wakley repelled the insinuations of Mr . Roebuck , and contended that he had no right to impute motives to Mm , as he had done , in saying that he made statements to obtain popular applause . He was prepared to repeat in the House everything which he had said out of the iousc against the Poor Law Commissioners . All lie had . grid was , fhat if this practice , which Mr . Bocbuck _defcitkd , existed under the Poor law Commissioners , he _i-ould give them power immediatelyto abolish it ; - -
; Mr . Heniey was surprised at the short memory of Mr . _TVakley , _wliert rhe eulogised tlio kindness whieh ' tlie Poor law Commissioners ' had shown to . the _uieiuberB of his profession . Surely they were the parties who compelled the boards of guardians -to go on the contract system at the beginning .- "" Public opinion afterwards compelled fhcin ' to abandon the-system- they had themselves set up . If the Poor Law Commissioners bad not originated this system of bone-crushing _thcjr . Assistant-Commissioners liad recommended it ' s adoption in' every part , of tlie country . ' . i After a . protest on- the part of Mr . Sharinan Crawford against , Mr . . _Wakley's suggestion of giving additional power to the Poor-Law Commissioners , the return was ordered . . .
THB PBOPOSED NEW LAW OF SETTLEMENT . ' Sir J . _Gbaba _-h said , that when he addressed the House on the law of settlement in the course of last session , he _Jiad mentioned some-facts to show the vast importance of the subject . It was a fact , that no less than a tenth part of our population now received relief from the poor-rates in the course of tlie year . The magnitude of tbe sum dispensed in thcbrrelief was very large . Sincethe _termipation of the war in 1815 , notwithstandin g all that had been said of the inhumanity-of the law _/ ' nolcss a . sum bad been levied from' the parochial _ratelpavcrs than £ 200 , 000 , 000 ; or , in other words , a sum equal to one-fourth bf the National Debt . It _depended on tlie settlement of an individual , when he first applied for relief , where he should receive it—whether in the place of his residence if he -was settled there , or to what place he should be refaioved in order to be relieved in case he was not settled .
, The magnitude of the question deserved consideration , and increased the difficulty of making any change in the law . He had laid on the tableat the close ofthe last ses-! sion a bill in thebope of its undergoiug free discussion iii the recess , and of his receiving aid from fhe public , in _. order to amend it . He would now proceed to lay before tlie . House his present bill , as the ; 'best te ' tum which he _could-makc to the comments and suggestions whieh had been offered him . " 'In his ' bill ' of last year , there were " four poiiifs prominently treated . ' - 'First , he had . proposed great af _derations iii the iaw of settlement by proposing that all other causes of settlement should be repealed ; and that Urth ~ -an ' onId" _^ e th ' e sole ground'of settlement hereafter :- _fondly , 1 'as fo removals , The had proposed seven checks to ' tb ' e ' * summai y poiver nowin existence , " and _* it _jivas hot neee _^ ry ' _fbr-hhh to repeat more- ' _than'one-of them _atiptesehtj _hjr wliich _teptbposedthat ore ' years ' ' ih _> f _l-asrriai residerice ; _ia anylocality should not give " ah absd- _* ute settlementtb ' ' any iadmduaL " _but'Aoal _^ _placVhim in - ¦
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such a situation Ithat , though" without ' _n'settlerivJiit , he could not be removed . ' His , third" bY-mvli _^ twilled to ap ' _- peals on tlie law of removal , " and his-foui'tli to the removal of ! Scotch and Irish ' paupers to- _fheii- _' respeetive countries . ' To the ' two last branches ho seripuVobjebtions ' iYer ' e imide ; but the strongest " were made to . the two' first , tlic . Viibstitution Of a bvfh _" : settlement ' prospectively iind retrospectively , and the propositioiifortheirrcmbvabiiity of parties not having a settlement , biit having a five years' industrial residence . It was his wish lit present to * meet both those objections ' . - He was not prepared to jiroposc that a retroactive effect should be given to the right of settlement by birth * biit he was prepared to propose , that from and after the passing of this act , only prospectively , birth should be the ground of- settlement , ' leaving undisturbed
all existing settlements . Of late years a great statistical improvement had been introduced . The registrations , not only of the birth , but also of the place ofthe birth , Was how compulsory , ' * and thus facilities were given- for proving birth settlements . The interests of the town and the country did not always run in the same directum / The effect of the substitution of " a birth settlement , retrospectively _ and prospectively , was in favour of the town at the ! expense ' of the country districts '; for towns were the great ¦ marts of industry , and attracted the labour of the rural districts . If birth were the only ground of settlement , it was clear that the expense of providing for destitution must be thrown upou the country . " The abolition * , therefore , of birth settlement retrospectively would be'favourablc to
the rural districts , and not beneficial to the towns , lhe converse of this was ' true " with respect to irremovability . The clause which provided that five years' industrial residence should render a man irremovable , would cause ah increase of burden oh the towns , and would bc . _a'consequcnt benefit to the country . ' He was therefore _disposed to forego two portions of his former bill . ' "He ' would ho longer insist on birth settlement retrospectively , and he would withdraw the irremovability arising from a five years ' - residence . He then called the attention of the House to the advantages which the poor * would dsrive from the other six limitations in his bill of Ia ' st year , which he ' proposed to continue in the present . .. He -then stated that it was his intention to ' propose ' , that no
woman residing with her' husband at the * time ' of mtf death in tlie parish-o ' f his " settlement should be' removable to her own parish after his death ; that no widow , whether living iu her husband ' s" parish oi * elsewhere , should be removable for twelve mouths after his death ; that no legitimate child'after 'its -father ' s death should he removable under sixteen -from its father's' settlement ; thsit no illegitimate child under sixteen-years of- . age should be- removable from iis mother ' s settlement : that no oiic becoming chargeable by sickness or accident should be placed under order ' of removal until he or she'had received relief for forty days consecutively : and , 'lastly , that persons requiring relief should be relieved wherever they were resident , irrespec tive of their settlement . He then detailed the substance
ofthe clauses which he h : id provided for tlie removal of Irish and Scotch paupers , and for the reparation of any wrong which might-be done hy illegal removals , and which were precisely the same as those introduced hi his bill of last year . He then came to what he called the most important provision in his measure—it was so important that he would { five the fullest time for its consi deration before he " called upon the House to affirm it oil the second reading of tiie bill ; - Dr . Adam Smith doubted whether ' any-poor man ever reached fhe age of forty without experiencing tlie hardship and injustice of the law of settlement , and thought it monstrous , that any man should be confined within tlie ' narrow limits o ' f his parish either for his residence or his labour . In England and Wales there arc 14 , 000 parishes—then limits arc of course
very narrow , and " yet within them is the poor man restrained . It will be an advantage to the poor man to reduee the number of restrictions which are now placed on the free circulation of his labour ; and the number of those smalllociil circles within which he is confined by the present law . He , therefore , proposed to substitute B 20 for these 14 , 500 small districts—in other words , to substitute unions for parishes : If ho coidd induce the House to substitute union settlements for parochial settlements , he should consider himself as having accomplished a great benefit both for the payers and recipients of the rates . He then read several memorials which he had received from boards of guardians iu Norfolk and Lancashire , and from Assistant Poor Law Commissioners , and from a meeting ofthe clerks of the boards of guardians , in favour ofthe alteration which he had just suggested . The
Right Hon- Gentleman next proceeded to state in detailthe manner in which he proposed to change parochial into union settlements , and the manner in wliich he in tended to , apportion the rates to be paid-by the different parishes hi the union . He proposed that the amount of the poor-rate ( abstracting the' county rate and other similar charges ) paid for the seven years antecedent to the 3 th of March , 1845 , should fix _^ the- relative amount of the burden to . be defrayed by each parish . The equity of such an arrangement _could-not , he thought , be impugned . He should weary the House if he stated all * the advantages which he anticipated from these changes ; he would therefore , conclude by moving for leave to-bring . in a bill . to consolidate and amend the laws relating to parochial settlement and the relief of the poor , and would recommend it to . the justice and humanity of all . who were anxious to promote the interests of the poor . "¦¦ -. _- ¦
Colonel Wopn expressed hi 3 regret at hearing : the last suggestion of his Right Hon . Friend ; but if union settlements were to be substituted for parochial settlements , he was convinced that it would be most injurious to the interests of the poor ; for it would render the inhabitants of a parish inattentive to the employment of-their- local poer . He sincerely wished that residence , _and-. residence alo . ne , should give a settlement ; and if the bill proceeded , he should owtainly propose a clause that residence for a year should in future give a settlement . _•• . ¦ ' •'• • Mr . BbiO . said , thafcthougli he -viewed this bill with soine alarmand even some suspicion , he was most anxious to co-oporate with any ' Government" which ' seriously intended to remove the : distress and ' . suffering which' wore endured in too many , cases under the present law . ¦¦ ' ¦• ¦ '¦ •"
: Mr . Henles objected . to this bill _asibeiug the hrSt step to break up the parochial system of England . Besides ; it was absurd to extend the circulation of a * poor man ' s _labom- ! to the limits o ' f -the union only ; what he wanted was , to _have-a free circulation of-it throughout " the whole country . ' . _'• = ' _..- ¦> ' .- •• . Mr .-JlaoTaEBTON snid / _lthat without committing himself to support the hill , '; he was inclined to look . favourably upon it , as an improvement on the-present law . He thought that it . would * give satisfaction , and he should throw no obstacle in the " way of its passing . :. Lord EiiKiNGTON approved of the general outline of the bill , and thought that it would ' be a , great boon to the labouring man .
Mr . Beckett I ) £ _KNisox thought that Sir i . Orahanihad deprived his bill of last session of its best . 'feature in depriving it of the clause ' which gave irremovability af tor a residence . of five years ; . Ho should have preferred _tln-ee years , two years , one year even , to five years . Still . the bill wa _i a great improvement ou the present law , and he should give to it his strenuous support . - Sir J . Gsaham thanked the House for . the cordial approbation which it had given fo his bill , , ¦ , ' -Mr .-TV * a . sues ; said , thatin consequeuce of tliat remark he must observe tha _^ iu . bfferiug no opposition that night
to this bill ho must not be considered as approving ; of it . It was a bill of tremendous operation . It . would break up the parochial' system of England ,, and would , he was afraid , render permanent the law of the 4 th and 5 th of William IV .. which-gave the , Poor Law Commissioners existence . He then vindicated _himselt from the sarcasms of Mr . Roebuck , aud declared that he would not permit any member to impute improper . , motives to him . He was afraid that the bill would operate most injuriously to the interests of the poor . - Leave was then given to bring in the bill . The House then adjourned .
_iYe-o-yesday , Ieb . 12 . Oh tho motion for going into a committee pf _auppjy , Mr . Roebuck caUed the attention of the House to the . alleged fact , that , the thanks of her Majesty had been given to tho Sheriff of Montreal for hts conduct . in the late , parliamentary elections of Canada , although at tho time there was au election petition '' against the return for Montreal , impugning the conduct of the sheriff as returning officer , Mr ! _Hoi- ' e said , that Sir C * Metcalfe bad highly eulogised tlie conduct of the sheriff- for securing the public peace -under , -very alarming circumstances ; and . in reply to his dispatch _. Lord Stanley authorised him to convey to the Sheriff the _thanks-of the . Executive _Government-ruotthe thanks- of her Majesty , i ' ovliis _pxirtiens . In reply . to a question from Mr . Bouveeie _, : . - .
Sir II , ' Peel- said ; that . no riegociations were pending between this country _aud-Brazil involving any alterations in the tariff of either country . The only _hogociations pending related to an ordinary treaty of navigation-and commerce . ' .- "'¦ .- ' ' * . - , :. v , . . ¦¦ _" ' Mr . _Ricakdo hoped the Government would- abandon its policy of differential duties . ; : - . -, . . _,. .. Mr . M . Gibson said tho difficulty of effecting reciprocity treaties Was to be found at homo , * and _; it would bo * much more satisfactory if the Right Hon . Baronet would endeavour to negociatc with the Central Societv ; for-the Protection-of Agriculture .- - ' . " _-, ; ¦ '• In reply lo questions from Lord J . _Russeii _, '"¦'¦¦ - r
Sir _K . Feel said that it was hot his intention to press the House to a decision upon the resolutions whioh'he meant to submitto the committee of ways and * means on Friday next , though he thought thatany _lone delay would be productive of great inconvenience . It -was his intention to postpone all other public business until'the opinions ofthe House could be gathered upon the financial viewsto . besubmittedotiFriday .- .: .. \<> :. The House then went _into-committee of . supply ) and the Chance-mob . - of the Exchequer' moved , * , that £ 15 , 404 , 500 exchequer Bills be granted as a vote of supply to her Majesty foribe - ' service of _^ he current year , , i /¦ ¦ - ¦' After some brief discussion the resolution was agreed to , and the House adjourned at half-past five . " :: "
.. - Thursdat _, Feb > 13 . .. ' , "' 7 _, : " , '¦ " : ' / , .., ' . Mr _7 Dabbt presented " . several petitions from various districts , complaining of the burdens which press on agriculturists , and praying for immediate relief . ¦ ¦ :: _/¦ ' : ' _¦¦ ¦ . Mr . Mi g TEEMANpresente ' dia ' petition . from Ilie . Clty of London , signed by 1 , 500 persons , and praying & r are-fir sion of the Excise duty on soap . * - ; ; ¦ _^ ... . _, . - -Mr . John _Bbioht gave notice that he would upon this day fortmght . move _foratropeal of tho Ganie _^ Lawe . !¦ ; ¦ _- ¦¦ After the presentation of several petitions ; - ! , ' ¦>¦<¦ ¦ « _£ ' .- ' ¦ ¦ % NOTICE OF _MOTIOK—STATjE ' OF THE NAVt /' '! _: ' '' ' ' _' Sir * C . Nafjer _iwe tomovc fp _\* . a Belecfc ( _mffitt _" _oeUlhl quire into' the _tnahner iii which the * mon ' ey ' vea ( ed' -8 iriCe 1855 ; for _the'cbus ' _-faTict ionofiships ; _Had _^' eeh expended ,
- Eor*7k Of Commons.—Mo>Dav, If-". 'V. -...
aiid if tlie ships coiistpcted are an _. _inipi'ovcmcnt . ot the old " _sxstcin . " !! - Tiie Itofi ! Member . ( _Jwho dropped liis voice so as to be ! nearly inaudible ) iu commencing his speech , proceeded to ' say 7 that his biily . motive in bringing for _. ward "the motionwasto aseertaiit . -whether / or , not . the . reports Iin circulation ! ' as _. to the defects . of theso ships were correct _, _lfr had'beei ! told tliat it Was no business of-his to _iintei-fcre with _such- . a matter ; that it should be left to the proper authorities , by which was meant , ; he supposed , the ¦ Admiralty ., . It had been left to the , proper authorities for a great _number ! of years , and they had , notwithstanding , seen . ' the greatest errors and blunders , prevailing . " . This was -neither _ a ! political nor a party . question , but . one ¦ whicli conepmed the well-being of the navy and the proper application of . the finances of the country ; and , in
the remarks which he was- , about _to-maks , he should be guided ' solely by suchi considerations ., . It would be nece . ssary _. _tft _. go back for a considerable time . .. -When he ( Sir C . Kap ler ) first entered tiie service ! in 1800 , the navy contained . several _tiiree-deckers of , 120 , 1 . 10 , 98 , and 90 . guns . The first class generally consisted of good ships , but the ' others were so ' inferior , tliat they were found totally unfit for ' service ; but , notwithstanding all the representations which were made to the Admiralty , the same system was pqrsevercd in ! .. ' _, This country had . taken some very excellent ships ' from the French . There were the Terror ,- the Sans Pareil _,. and the Cauopus .. Several ships ; had been constructed upon the , model-of . the Cauopus ,. and had been . found to answer extremely . well . The Sans Pareil was a most-excellent ship , but she had never
been copied up to this very time . He now came to the frigates of tliose days . There . .: were forty-six gnu . . frigates , forty-two . gun _. frigates , . and thirty-two gun friga tes . all carr . ving , 18-pounders ,. thirty-twogun frigates carrying .. _12-poiuidevs , and twenty-eight gun frigates . Those . were very good : ships in their day , but they wero found , not to' answer , and . they ! were superseded by the _tldrty- ' two gun ships . . Due of th " e _* _se ships was coimnaiuled by an Hon . .. and Gallant Officer opposite , and anothcy by himself , and . he could , say . that a more useless lot of . ships . . ¦ _hnd- ' _. novcv ' been , constructed by any ' Admiralty . ' -They : were found to be inefficient , in fact , _goodi for nothing- ; _illut tliey were superseded by . ..-iiio . tlier class <» f ' . frigates ,. called tnent . v-eigiit gun . frigates . Thess _. _-howeyer ,- .-like . the rest , were not found , to answer ,
and _tiiosc were _;{ i-, on . up . Another _chiss . of- _sliips were those c ; A \ c & sixtocWun sloops , _inonhtinj , ' _sixpoimders , and _thoiio vessels were persevered . in until liiey werc found perfectly . _useless - , ' iiiid _. tliere : was uot u youugster or hoy in the liav tliat did not know it . Tiie next class of ' ships adopted mow the eighteeu-gun frigates , whicli were much _lonjftr and _mucli narrower than the eightoen-gun brigs , which every body must have expected would have failed , and which lie looked upon as patent coffins for luirvin ! " a hundred and twenty men at once . Tlie iast class in the service which' he noticed was that of the gun-br % s , and of these a ; ivhole host had . been introduced into the service Jikelv to excite a great deal-of
notice , but calculated , to be of little service . Tliere was the Uarker , the -Bruiser , and -a number of others , whicli if taken together / would form a * whole pack . But these _WPi-e soon exploded , and the ' ten-gun brigs were shortly afterwards introduced for them . These again in their turn laid last year been condemned by the shipwright ' s committee . The navy was in a most inefficient state , the ships being generally constructed upon inferior priu " . ciples . The Gallant Commodore , after having gone to a considerable length furtht-r into tiie subject , the main gist of which was to the effect , that the present navy was ii _* _u . i very incompetent state , coacluded by making- his motion .
Sir George Cockbukn replied to tho Gallant Commodore . He would not go through the whole of the statements , nor attempt to defend certain defects in vessels which had been alluded to . It ought to be borne in recollection that during nearly tiie whole period of which the Gallant Commodore had been speaking , the art ot sliip-bulldiug had been by ho means so ' perfect as at present : He admitted that many of . the vessels of which the Gallant Officer had been , speaking were of a very bad description . TJiose _. ' _liouevt-r , had been supplanted by ships of a superior construction . Ho then proceeded to justif y the _traasai'tioiis of tiie preae ' tit Admiralty Hoard , though he could not pretend to answer for the one that had preceded it in office , contending and proving a series of nautical statements , that _considembilc improvements . for the hotter"had taken place under . the _manageniout of the existing authorities .
¦ Captain Rons said the ' navy and the country were greatly indebted to the Gallant Commodore , and defended at considerable length the same positions . He considered this branch of the service had not been at all attended to by the . present Government , in the manner it ought to have beendone . Mr Charles" Wood , Captain * _PechoU , aud ' Admiral Bowles haying briefly spoken to tho motion , Mr . _Waklev said that he did not see any good that would accrue from the motion of the Gallant Commodore , and . ' advised hiui to withdraw it . Kb ' was opposed to tlie whole of our present _sjs . tem qf naval tactics ; for while he thought the navy ought to be maintained in all its integrity , as constituting the principaibulwaik of the country , he deprecated ; to the utmost . the squandering of large sums of money upon old hulks ' fhat were never fit ' for any active service , or if * they were ' . so fitted out would continually endanger the lives of tlicia who might , ' bt appointed to man fliemi - ¦ . ¦ •'
Sir . CnAai . ES _KiriER having briefly replied , the House divided , ' w _^ eh th « re . , ftppcftvcd '" ' _Tor . the _mojion _,.,,,., „ 32 , ¦ .: , ,:....,..: Against it .,,........ -..,. ;¦ .,. ¦ ., ; 08 . ; _,, , ! _, Majority ... —81 . The House : then went into committee on the 'Railway _Clauaes Gonsolidationllill , and after . ' _sevwal clauses tvere agreed'to , the : House adjourned . _! '
- .-, ;! ' .. _- ¦¦ - _Fridat ; Fkb ! 14 . 7 . ! The IIo . usc met at a fewniiiiutes before four o ' clock , at which _,. lime the , attendrme ' e of-members , was . not very , huiiierous , considering tlie important . questions--which were to be brought under consideration , and the early hour ( lialf-past . four o ' clock ) which was announced for the - ' commencement of -Sir R . Peel ' s statement . : The . number of stranger ' s in "the passages le'iiding to the galleries was unusually great : so miich ' so , indeed , tliat . all the ! galleries in'the IIou ? e would not' have accommodated a tenth of tliem . ' '
Mr _.-T . PCSC 03 IHE presented a petition from'Mr . Joseph Mazziiii , stating that lie had oua' foriner occasiou , in the last session , petitioned that House , aiid complained that his correspOndenco was opened at the Post-office , his letters i'ead _. _-and- reseated witti forged seals . ; He stated thathis petitioti . had been referred to a secret committee , which had _since-macle-its report , but that lie '( the petitioner ) had reason to "believe that that" committee liad been misinformed on niauy points . He now prayed that his first petition might be re-considored , and redress given to him , in order that he and other foreigners in this country might know what they had to Mist to , and wllat ' pvotection they might expect here . ¦ '¦ " . " ¦ - ¦'¦
The same Hon . Member gave notice- that on Tuesday next he would , move the appointmeut of a committee to nquire . as to . any warrants whici _^ might have been issued to provincial postmasters . authorising them to open certain letters , and he wouldialso move that the report of the committee of last session- be-referred to tliat committee . ... _,- ... ' . . The order of the . day was then , read , and the Speaker having left the chair , the House went into
COMMITTEE OF WATS * 'AND MEANS . _.... ! .. ' - FINANCIAL STATEMENT . Sir 11 . PEtt rose and stated , thnf though , he had had considerable experience iii the discharge " of official duties , and though he -had-frequently addressed the House on matters of great public concern ; he could not . approach the-subject on which he , had then to address the commiitc « withoftt great _ahsiety , and a deep consciousuegs how inadequate and imperfect the explanation would be which he ahould ' endeavour to place before it . But though he rose under some "' disadvantages * as to the period of the year at-which this cbmiiiunicatioh was : made , jet , after the declaration made in her Majesty ' s speech , that it was theintentioh of Ministers Jo propose'tho ' continuance of the income-tax for * a certain number bf years , he felt that
he had no oth ' er _alternative than to submit to the House the general views which the . Government _tboVt of ilie fiuan . cial condition and the" commercial policy of the country . It would be his duty to" discuss this great question—whether itba ! consistent with tho public interest tliat the present amount of public expenditure should be maintained , _qr-whethoritbe _.- not right that there should be in some important respects an increase o ' f expenditure beyond the precedent" offoriner years ? If the committee ihaihtaine ' d the latter-proposition , the question which he *' should then have'to submit to it would be this—whether it _is-fittiog that the expenditure * should he _'hiet from . tlio ovdinavy _squrdes _, or whetherit is move advisable that the tax on income and property should _beVcontiiiued , foi * the double purposo of providing for the due execution ' of the public
service , ' and of enabling'Parliament to repeal other taxes pressing oh-the _iiidueti"y and commorcial enterprise of the country ?• After referring to the _esfimatb _" of tlie probable revenue aiid expenditure which was made by the _Cliaiicellbrof-the Exchequer in April ' last ; _wlien he brought forward his budget , " and , after showing that the surplus revenue ; on which ha had calculated for the whole year , had beeii' greatly * exceeded by tlie actual amount of revenue received- " on ¦ the _'Stb- of January , ' 1844 . he proceeded to estimate the ' _surplus revenue which would be in the Exchequer oh' the 5 th of April , 1845 , at a sum which at-the very-least _would-amount to ' _£ 5 _; 000 ; 000 . ' He then submitted to the House ' an estimate of the probable receipt of the revenue for the year ending tfie 5 th of April , 1846 , on the assumption'that the House would not sanction the income-tax ; " and calculated- ' that it would amount to £ 5 I , 000 " _, 0 ( IO '; " and , _supposing'the estimates ' of this ensuing yearto be the saine as-they were during the last , - he
calculated the total amount of expenditure to be £ 48 , 557 , 000 '; so that there-would bo . still a surplus of £ 2 , 543 , 000 . But if they deducted from this surplus the ' sum to ' be derived from tbe ' rebeipfc of _half-a-yeai- ' s income-tax which would _becdriitfdue in the interim , and from the payment bf the instalment from China , there--would be iii that ' case a ¦ small deficiency in the revenue as compared ' witli tho ' expenditure of tlie year , The * question then arose whother - - ¦ Ministers wore justified hi demanding ; ~ under such ' circumstances ; an increased experiditurb oil account of the ; _publiciBervice . He was ' satisfied that they were justified . ' :: _HeShowed that ho savihg ' c ' duld he made by _' thoab & _Utidii'of onlces !! and' reduc tion of _isalaries ; "¦ A sufficfeht'force of _roteriu ' e ' officers must hi . 'kept up toiiisureth ' _ecbllebtibti i ' of 'fhe _feybhiiearid tb ¦ givc'focilitios to the transaction of commerce ; Nc- _^ dimihution _^ o'f the army cotit _^ be _recomniend _^ _, 'on acg _^ colo nial-depehd * _ncle 8 _j' and of _thehecessity ' of our & etfdlhg
- Eor*7k Of Commons.—Mo>Dav, If-". 'V. -...
out reliefs to the regiiiieuts wlipigarrisoiied and protected tlicm . - . Tlie ai'iuy . was-a ' very complicated and _e-vpensiv _. ; maciiine , . which would , be dislocated aud deranged if duo attention lvere . _jiot ' . paid to its support . - . , Aii increase in ; the army wiis ; not a , measure . which he should propose , but any , diminution . of . it . would be a measure to which he . could not consent . . The military estimate for-tlie present year-would therefore be iC , G 00 , OO 0 . There _were-reasons wliich induced him to propose an increased estimate for the navy this year . ; and those were to-be found in the growing necessity for a further protection to our commerce . in every part of the globe , and in-. tlie establishment _, of three new naval stations _^ —one , ou the _. c . past ' of Africa , i aiiotliev iu . the Pacific , and a third in _; the Chinese seas : ite should propose , to employ this year 4 , 000 men more
than were employed in the estimates of last year . That increase would not : be for . the purposes of war or of , aggression , but for the protection of our commerce , and the maintenance of peace . The expense so caused would be £ 184 , 000 . Thero would also be a-vOte for always keeping at our command a squadron of eight or nine sail of the line , which would create no jealousy among foreign powers , and another for the * purpose of increasing and improving . our * steam navigation . In respect , therefore , of the vote for the navy , and the ordnance connected with the navy , there would be iii the votes of this year anincreas of nearly one million . For this increased expenditure the revenue of- the next year would , he thought , suffice , evcu if the House would riot consent to continue the income-tax . It was quite clear , however ,
that if it did not continue the income-tax , in the year following a deficiency of revenue would bo discovered . The question which lie must next put to the committee was , " whether-they would run the risk of tliat deficiency by making no provision to meet it , or whether they would postpone the consideration of that deficiency till the year 1816 ' ? . Her Majesty ' s * Government thought that it would not bo a prudent course so to disregard the future condition of the country . Ministers were , therefore , induced to propose tlie continuance of the property-tax for a further-period- - _^ and-before lie asked the assent of the House to that proposal , lie felt it necessary , to explain what wcreitlieir Mews ' as to tlie appropriation' ofthe surplus revenue which would thcu-bc placed at their disposal after all the exigencies of tlie public service wore provided
for . Ifc would assume . for tliopi' _-ist'iit that the committee woidd sanction the continuance of the property . tax , and would then give them an estimate of the revenue which he expected to derive from tiiat source . Supposing the property-tax to be continued , tlie revenue , en tlie -5 th of April , 1818 , - . would amount io £ 58 , 700 , 000 , - and so- Song us the other" sources of revenue were productive might be calculated at that sum , deducting only ' a sum of i' 600 , 000 from China , _w-hioh would only be receivable for one year more , lie would _, therefore , take the amount of the revenue at _, _i" 03 , 10 U , 001 > . The public expenditure he had already calculated at £ 40 , 000 , 000 . Tliere would therefore- be left on the 5 t ! i of April , 1 S 4 C , a net surplus of £ 3 , 403 , 000 , if the committee acauiescud in the demand of Ministers for increased iiavul
estimates . He now approached the most important question of all , namely , what was the mode in which this surplus , or a part of it , could be applied to the relief of taxation *? He would not havo proposed the continuance of the income tax if he liad not felt the strongest persuasion that it was competent for the House , by nieans of it , to uiuke arrangements witli respect to taxation which would he tho foundation'of great future commercial prosperity , and which would add materially to the comforts of those _ivIio were called upon to contribute to it , 7 n considering hon- they " would appropriate any surplus of revenue , several important considerations must always be before them . They must first consider the claims to reduction of luxation on account of the heaviness of tho duties on articles which entered into
general consumption ; then they must also consider what were the taxes which pressed most heavily on those _rawmateriiils which constituted the staple ' manufactures of the country . Then , they must consider what were the taxes which required tiie greatest establishment of revenue-officers for their collection ; and then what were the taxes which , if reduced , would enable them to diminish that same establishment , and so to reduce their expenditure . Lastly , they must consider what were the taxes which , if removed , would give new scope to commercial enterprise and occasion an increased demand for for labour . He did not say which of these considerations ought to predominate , but they wero all of importance . If the property-tax were continued , Ministers intended to make a great experiment with respect to taxation , in the
hope that the general prosperity which would result , therefrom would fill up the void caused In future years by the cessation _ . of taxation . They did not propose to maintain any material surplus of income over revenue ; but , in the conviction -that the House would at all events maintain public credit , thoy proposed the reduction ' of certain taxes , whicli were more onerous than productive . Ite would first take the taxes connected with the customs ; and would submit to the House a proposition with respect to the reduction of the duty on sugar . He proposed , with regard to all sugars hut refined sugars , to make this reduction . - On brown Muscovado Sugar , which now paid a duty , of 25 s . 3 d ., he proposed to make" a reduction of lis . 3 d ., and likewise to reduce the duty to' 14 s . That reduction' would apply to ail British plantation
sugar , and to sugar the produce of the- Mauritius ; but tliere were cortaiii districts in British India , " with' regard to which a different , rule now applied : and with respect to * them he proposed ' that they should pay the same relative proportion of duty which they paid at present , ' add thatthe duty should be 18 s . 8 d . On freeJabour foreign sugar he proposed that tlie protecting duty should not exceed 9 s . id ,, and therefore'the duty would be 23 s . 2 d . Any country which-had a ' reciprocity treaty with us could not , of course , be deprived . if any right which it enjoyed at present ; As to white or clayed sugars , or sugars equal to clayed sugars , - he proposed that the duty should be reduced on Britishplantatibn sugars from 25 s . 3 d . to It ' s * . 4 A . ; thatthe duty ou sugar imported from ' India should bo 21 s . SM ., and that the duty oh free-labour foreign sugar
should he 28 s ., thus _retaining the whole amount of discriminating duty which was imposed last year , but applying that duty in a different manner , giving 0 s . 4 d . as a protection on Muscovado sugar , and an increased protection of lis . 4 il . on the ' more valuable and costly article . IV _itli respect to the duty on molasses , he proposed to lediiceit in tlie same -proportion ' s .. AS to the admission of refined sugar , he proposed * to remove the prohibitory duty on refined sugar imported from those British possessioiiS : Whieh wore entitled to import Muscovado sugar at- 14 s ., and to place lipoii such sugar a proportionate import duty / namely , ' on refined sugar ISs . Sd ., and 21 s . oil double refined . He then gave the committee an estimate of the supply of sugar wliich hu considered likely to conic from our possessions to this country iu the course
of the present year ; and concluded fiis observations upon that point by stating that the effect which would be produced on the price of sugar by this reduction in the duty would be a reduction of l _| d . per lb . ; but taking other circumstances , which always accompanied a hi gh rate of duty , into consideration , he calculated that' it would amount to ii reduction of lid . per lb : ' He estimated the loss whicli- would ' be produced iii the revenue of next year by the ' reduction- of the sugar duties _^ at £ 1 , 800 , 000 . lie liext proceeded to state , that- in the tariff of 1842 he had abolished generally the duty ou all exports , 'with . ' - 'the ¦ •¦ exception of some few articles . He now proposed' to adopt as a general rule the abolition of export duties " on all articles . _; He did not proposo to except the export duty on
coal ; After having benefitted ' 'the coal-owners by the removal of the export duty , he did expect that they would give to the people of England the full advantage of the boon which they had received , aud that the House would hear no more of their combinations to restrict supply , and to enhance price . The total loss from the reduction of the coal duty lie estimated at £ 120 , 000 . He next proceeded to a consideration of the duties levied on and applicable to raw materials used in _lnanufactuvts . The tariff now included 818 such articles .- He now proposed to remove the duties applicable to 430 . of them . By abolishing these duties altogether they would get rid ofa number of troublesome accounts . -If fraud-were practised in the introduction of these articles , _agaiust whicli some precautions must bo taken , by examining , them , he' must apply to . tlie House
hereafter for the purpose of obtaining more stringent regulations against it . One ad vantage , of getting rid of these duties would be that it would dispense with the warehousing system . He then enumerated a number , oi the articles to which this abolition of duties would apply , as for instance , the fibrous materials of silk , heinp , and _llilx ; yarns of certain materials , excepting woollen ; furiiiture goods ; animal and vegetable , manures ; ores and ¦ " minerals , with the ' exception of copper ore ; iron ' and zinc in their first stage of manufacture " ; die studs generally , and certain'drugs of . a noxious' character . There " were some articles to which this total removal of duty Would not apply ; . Hu did hot propose to interfere with tlie general principles wliich the'Government had applied fo the timber duties ' . Tlie import of Baltic * timber was'how
increasing , and the estimate ' whicli he had formerly made respecting it had not turned out to be incorrect . There was one article connected with , timber whicli he proposed to exempt from duty—he alluded' to the article of staves . - 'The ' Government had given attention to the memorial of the coopers on this subject ,, arid liad determined to permit an unrestricted importation of staves for their benefit : The length ofthe staves must , however , be limited , " or it would be impossible to prevent Hieir-importation for the benefit of other parties than coopers . ¦ The abolition of the duty on this article would cause * dloss of £ 83 , 000 to the revenue ; ' and the whole loss occasioned by the omission of 480 ' articles from the tariff would amount to £ 320 , 000 . He " next ' approached the consideration of that article of raw liiaterial which
was m ' ostimportant to the prosperity of the countrycotton wool .- As the impost , pressed most heavily oh the coarser fabrics , he was' prepared to advise the abolition of it altogether . The loss to the revenue upon the article of cottori'wool would' not be loss than £ 080 , 000 , taking the duty , upon , estimate of the quantity , imported last year . " ne did hot intend to propose any further alteration iu the revenue bf the Customs . "He had reviewed the duties levied by the Excise , with a view of ascertaining what were the duties which pressed most greivously on the interests and industry of the country . - Among these
he fouud , first aud . forcinpst , the miction duty on the transfer of property . ' - When a commission was appointed some years ago to examine into the Eieise duties , they inade . this recommendation , that the duties' on auctions should be the first tax repealed . He . proposed to repeal ' tlie auctloh'duty altogether ; in consequence of the advantage which a ' cbmni ' _erci ' ar . co _^^^ ue ; riveYrOnr greater facilities in * " tlio ; _tknlfer' of propevtv . He lik ' ewSepropb ' sedfliat ing ' _ohtsdyerajlicensesitanexpeiise bf £ 5 oach '& r selliii ' g differeht arlicles , ' _shouldtabe'd ' utbnegeneral lieense
- Eor*7k Of Commons.—Mo>Dav, If-". 'V. -...
at . uu , expense . of . iio . to . sell . any article _thlfcv _-., Their licenses now often _cojit them _£ - _•;} , I ' jm " * ,,,, _™**& _. auctioneer ' s was 4 , 000 ; and the establishment of ¦ ri- _' cense would-produce ' a revenue of £ 60 , 000 . He next 7 ' that lie . uiteiidedtb relieve the article of glass from a _d ' cisc duty . The amouut of duty at present impose i n ' 200 and even 800 per cent , on its manufac ture . Xh "' -. _" _^ no duty , moreover , which occasioned : sucii . ycx atj 01 _'' _tV 4 ii ference with . the manufacturer as : this duty nBi . lnter _v France , Belgium , and Bohemia , there was no _evoj - _^ _V' Ia ; tliis article , aud the consequence was , tliat the m " " _¦ ture of it had been broughtto the hi ghest Perfect * " ' * " pecially in the latter oountry ., vIf the house would ' _* ' ' to relieve the manufacturers of glass in this con , Sfcu ' together . from . the pressure of this tax , aud to riv _" . _*"• stricted play to tlieir capital and enterprise , he « _, "' Unre " vinced , tliat with our command of . alkali and _coY _' ' " would pnter into _snficnssfnl _pnmiiolitin _^ _..- ., .. . ' "ley would enter into successful competition with ' V
, the * facturers of every other country . He thou _... t .. iriu -J point even of health , a greater 'benefit _H- ouia ac ' _" ' _^ the country from the . remission of the tax on j _; Cruo to from the remission of the window-tax " . Toe j _^ ' . _^ from the remission of-the glass dutv would m ,. _^ ' £ 642 , 000 . He _had-iiowexhausted the list of uvtiT ' ° ' which , he proposed a remission of taxation , T | , _t "' immediate loss of revenue wliich'the revenue woi u "' tain by thoir repeal or abolition , would- amoi _T _^ " £ 8 , 338 , 009 , -. which . _^ would nearly absorb the sun !"' t 0 ' £ 3 , 400 , 000 , on which he had already calculated . lle , _{^ deny that tho financial scheme wliich ho _Hiuj _„! , _* ' plained to the committee was a bold experiment " , i ' "' responsible as he ivas to Parliament for . it _succn- ' was not afraid to . run the risk of muking u . H ( , „ _,, _" !"' ' posed to the committee to continue the income-ta x " / 1 ' further limited period of tkrec years , becaus e lie _lV
_fonfitlnnt T . ni < c . incinrt llint tlir _. vo / _lnntir _... I .. .. . . _^* confident persuasion that tlie reduction iu price of a i - 1 of great importance , wliich would .. follow this n ' n ' remission of . taxation , would be , if not a complete great compensation for its burden . . He would _»! ' _?!' that it might not be wiser . to give a longer time _tiia-i -V _' years for testing this experiment . ' , lie _thought , i ' oiv " _^ that Parliament ought to have a control ove , ° t , ' ic tlui " _' _- _? of such a tax . ' He hoped that so ' great a _Soure- _ofi't _^" " » ould not be dried up beib ' re ' the expiration of _Uii _' -e ¦ ¦ _*"' buc at the cud of that time— -. such was his _eoiuWeVe _^ elasticity of . the country—he thought Unit _ti- .-v v !„ ' , : he a We to dispeiW witii ' tho ( ax if they tliouiil . M _,,. _^ / Tchad now submitied . ' his plan to the _coimiiiite . _^ _i-ccomnieiidcd it to them _muIi a deliberate e ' onvieiio : i _*? . tlieir sanction , of it would conduce to the oxt . _" _' ! : iiv . _.-
_iniluatry , and to the encouragement of enterprise , widil , v iu co _' . - ise < iu « icv- of that _estensiou of indiistrv , aiirl _,-, ( ' _£ ' encouragement of enterprise , all classes of ii , e Wu . iit ''' whether agricultural , manufacturing ,, commercial " . ' ! parties not engaged in any _jia ' rtitular branch of iuilu 'i _^' would either direct ]; : or indirectly be benefitted l » y it " _•!' , ' . ; that every class v . _oiild iind it ? comfort and its ' wc _-V promoted . The liight Hon . Baronet concluded his six-, - . " at five minutes to eiglit o ' clock _byj » o \ ing a / formal : , lution on the sulyect . Tin ; House rung with cheer- _? - some minutes after . he had concluded . After a short pause . Sir Robert rose again and _&• that , he would not ask the committee to confirm his _m position that night ; but he '' Loped that Hon . _Umahxl would be in a condition to decide on the principles of _u resolutions on Monday next .
Lord nowiCK considered tliat the _coalowiicrs _vinh . debted to Lord Poivlett for remission ofthe export . iufe on coal . Though he ivas Member for _Smulcrlaud _. b . disapproved highly of the regulation of the vend , in _ivlfrv tlie coalowiicrs- , had unwisely concurred . It hud b ; _a most injurious ' to the coalowuers themselves . Helisj an insurmountable objection to the Eight Hon . Baror . ;;' : arrangement of the sugar duties . After a few words from Jrr , Boll , Mr . Hume stated that the plan of releasing _expjra from all duties was so judicious that he could not fa ; approve it . The repeal of tlio duty on glass would wife a greater benefit ou the community than the repeal oi ! t : window-tax . *
Lord J . _Uosseli . thought that they ought not iu coat to an immediate conclusion on such a subject . lie iioul ' not ask for a day ' s delay beyond that wliich the Kight Hon . Gentleman had proposed ; he would then t ;& a view of liis whole proposal . lie considered the Hi > _lilion . Baronet ' s proposal on the sugar duties liaWr " a much objection , _Mv . Collett asked when ' tho remission of tlt « _s-j _liina _* would take place . Sir . R . Peel . —At the earliest possible day on i vhfcli the bills could be passed ,, excepting with regard to _gta which ivas placed in a different position from the otter articles . Mr . Williams . —Would the Ri ght Hon . 'Baronet _maie any allowance on the stock in hand 1 Sir 11 . Peei . answered iu the negative .
Mr . Liddell tendered his thanks to tiie Ki _s hr . iiffl , Baronet for the remission of the duties on the export of coals and on the manufacture of glass . He vindicated the coalowncrs o ' f the north from the charge of comUni . tion . If any gentleman , would more for a select com . raittce to inquire into the operatioii of that comUnatioa , he would second the motion . After a few observations from Lord Clements aad Mr . II . Hindc , Dr . BowjiiXG expressed a wish that ' Sir ii . red had made some modification iii the property-tax . Golouel _SiuMosp regretted that Sir R . _V _^ _iUaAnot consented to a reduction of duty on firo insurances . Mr . HoEBi'CK considered " tlie source of ' oiirrevenv ; _. } be the'income-tax , and he considered the injustice of » income-tax and the mischief it created to . be a . great _drawback on the plan which Sir Robert proposed . Mr . Wakley expressed his extreme satisfaction at tiu proposal of Government . ' ! "' : ! ' .
Several other . ' members made . observatiotis on isolated points of the plan , ' most of tliem expressive of satisfaction with it . Mr . Curteis _, however , declared ' that he would divide against the property-tax , if he could _jtct . tcu uieu B divide with hiin ; and ' Mr . Warh ' urtoii surprised the Ite by asserting , that ifybii made the income-tax _pe-rmaine _** : , all the objections urged against it vanished at once . Sir . R ; Peel , theii moved that the Chairman report - •** gross , aiid ask leave to sit again on Monday . Tlicmoiibn was carried . The House resumed , . / aii immediately afterwards adjourned .
Drikadf'irl Dkath Of Ajs* Aged .Woman".—...
DriKADF'irL Dkath of _ajs * Aged . Woman " . —On _Tttusday afternoon , between , two and three o ' clock , some persons observed smoke _issttingfrom _tliehou-c , _$ e . 4 , Orchard-street , North-street , C'aphani . Theyeiittiel the house ,-, and , upon opening - the door of the front parlour , discovered the occupant , Mi * s . _Iliclmnls _, »!» was upwards of SO _yeai-a of . age , lying on the floor , with nearly all her clothes _Ijiu-utoi ? .. She was , # _* but senseless , and her body was burnt in flic most frightful mauucrV The poor creature _vxpireil . atal five o ' clock the same cveninst . It is not known how tlie fire originated , but the deceased wiie addicted tc smoking , and it is supposed that-whiiat so iudtildn ? herself , some ignited tobacco fell from her pipe aw
set firo to her , clothes . ; ¦ : Surcioi : BVi Boy . —On Monday Mr . Wakley , _M- _'m held an inquest at the I . ion and " Lamb , _Di'tiiiinw _' crescent , Eusfon-scuiare , on the body of Tia'iiia * jl )! !« j a boy aged IB , the son of a cowkeeper , wiiocoiiimii _^ suicide .. James Press , the brother of deceased , he _ijesided with , his parents . at 4 '' , _DruniiflOW crescent . The deceased went to school , and- _«* _sionally ' assisted in _. _cawying out- inilk . On _Friw last ' at dinner . time , ' . it was discovered that ae _» been playing truant , and hud appropriated * _** money belonging to his parents to his own _vse , _^ _soeii-c it'iiihonffsf some otliw hnvs . Tin ' s conffl 1 ? . ' '
his father's knowledge lie boxed his can- , declawd M should have no dinner , and threatened to beat Im _** Shortly before . two o'clock deceased's mother g _»« him some dinner , and then told him to wash limij * " ' which lie did . About half-past three , _thcsnw'a" ! _* noon witness went into the yard , and observed 8 j eow-shed open , and on _entcrinj * he _dkovetw 17 deceased hanging by his neck _liandkerehief ¦ ik _** boflin . Witness gave an . iilarm , and Mr . IjiioW ' neiglibour _, and hia mother , came and cut- ' _^ f _^ down . Ho was quite dead ' , aud in order to w _^' , _^ object must have got on one of-the rails _vty ] _£ divide the cows , and then jumped oft ' . ' f" ° . _' vJ turned verdictThat deceased _destroyetWituSSW
a - _. hanging , ' but in what state of mind he _w' _-i in _w' time there was no evidence to show .
Birth. - ^ • Thomas Slingabr Duncombe Fl...
BIRTH . - _^ Thomas _Slingabr Duncombe Floyd , born » _Wtordbn the 4 th of Januarv , and registered _asaW !' - " the 21 st ! " ult . "'! . '
DE . _VPHS . .. , r On-Thursday , Feb . Cth , after a ' short but P _^" illness , Selina , wife of Mr . Thomas Simnitt , F f . * nianufaeturer , aged twenty-seven _yettw , _tk-ep lj' _" grctted by a large circle of friends . * * ' : "• , A Veteran . —We have this Week to _i-cconl _^ death of Mr ; Andrew Franklin , of 'J ' _-ivisfoi-k- _?^ -. ' _Covent-garden . in his ninetieth year . Nearly » cvcn ' . years since _MW Franklin commenced his _Htci'U'J ' bours in connexion with the _Morning Post newsp _' r - - and subsequentlvjoincd the Momma Advertiser , »*¦ ho continued till old ago compelled " him . a _& ' ! ' _tfv since , to abandon his eilitorial duties , and _^ VL ' private life , taking with him the respect _ande _^' of all who liad the pleasure of his acquain tance _; Morning Advertiser ,
Bankrupts. (From Friday's Gazette, Feb. ...
BANKRUPTS . ( From Friday ' s Gazette , Feb . It . ) a ( . Algernon Lindsev Flint . Aldermanbury , Cit . v _. ivai" _" f 7 / mau —William Aluxand ' er . Christian , Iiowca _* i « _fr ,, Lei > Strand , innkeeper—John White , Great St . Andrew- "* ' 1 , Seven-dials , _leatlter-sbller—Kobert Mayow _Hef''" _''''^ _- ; ing , tea-dealer—Joseph Turner and Samuel AVeeKS , ' _. ampton , stone-masons ' —John Oldham , Kingste _' 1-- ' j , Hull , iron-founder —William Howell , juu .. _W' _- _'X-jbbookseller—t _' ohn Sanderson , Liverpool , merchant-- () , cis John Ka ' wliugs , Cheltenham , _cabiiietr'na _' _' ' - _" .,. j _, jrJ lVatsoiijUiijhbridge _. SoiiiersetsIiire _, ston _6-m- ' » y" -- ' - ter Hill , Exeter , . currier—James- Macwilliaui , Gl _" - hosier—Jacob Wicks , _Bristolrin-ocer . _^ '
Fruited By Dougal M'Gowan, Of 17, Great; (""^T-Mj Ter ≫ Frintedby Dougal M'Gowan, Of 17, Gi*E»* ^"5tm
Fruited by DOUGAL M'GOWAN , of 17 , Great ; _(""^ _t-Mj ter > Frintedby DOUGAL M'GOWAN , of 17 , Gi _* e »* _^ " _5 tM
Fruited By Dougal M'Gowan, Of 17, G; (""...
: .. street ,. Haymarket _, in the City of Westmins , _^ Office iii the same Street and Parish , for f _'^] , . prietor _. _raARGUS 0 'COraOR , Bsq _., aiidp « W'f . j . _- William Hewitt " , of Ifb ; 18 , ' Charles-street , > _^ . street , "Walworth ,, in the _^ Parish of _^ . . Mary , « ° _^ fon _^ _' infthe , G 6 uiity of Surrey , - ' at . tho Qffi _« _- i _" _^ _^ _, ; _Straiid _^ m ' . ihi Pari _' _shjdf _^ St , Mary JeJt . tr * " - .. j : City of ; y 7 estn * 4 _nster ,-... ; . ' . _¦> : ¦ •' .- . | SaturdayJFebuary 1-5 , W
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 15, 1845, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns4_15021845/page/8/
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