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THE G0YEEN2AENT FACTOBY BILL.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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ggplT TO DB- BOWBISPG'S FBEE TRADE * FJiOTJRISHES . SPOKE * BT HIMSE 1 P AT THE DST / BrXLAXE THVATBE . viss , OU Unoy ^ and La thy name 2 aa tty deserved iraie-spre&d fame To be blasted ly auo iridoiar ' 8 game , 1 In TigTnf * of Truth ?
xufl ib&Q lay llaste ^ Sh&Krpeare ' B page , -ge invoked to serve s ' iron age >» jia iron masters , onafcy Btsge . = * r who Might our youth ? Sbill they Tfo ° Sbaklpeae ' s brethren Hna » r feed the Sre and lick the mind , 2 ? or best them even | s human kind , f But mere machines t t Sa& they essay to « pfak of -wrong , » 3 ia dnpe the gaiSn& | trusting throng , joiioaS fljeyTl sianfl 'tween Treak anS strong , Yet take the means . ¦ jTiereby the txwi did lira of old ; XJDia -within the "wids-spraad fold Of asafb tbeir thousand slaves are TdD'd In lack of hire ?
yet flo they dare on t ^ ese eall jo help them &U * & * ^ orld t enthrall , w . 5 h T 01 ts in cruel eonpetition all 1 Tffl avarice Hre . -jtay irate of Freedozrl 1 Trfcieh is still To obey a tJ » n * mater's -will , Ld iy 00 teS their offers fill , ¦ aJhl J , 5 And lxr » the neck . jjom icfaaey om children toil Inbctiies , beaia and mind to spoil , TPhae vice and crime our eSbrts foil n , ToholdincSect yafliEge they ask ub ! Shall-we league ? 5 o ! rtther from heaven any plague ThstTfstnre operates "we'd crave *^^ Tban soeh as this . jjoo the " SjSenBon" lords we ban , 2 Ske ti > Eii calland ca 2 « p spurn ; Tal 2 ierty « nr bosoms burn—J We-wfflbeiree .
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« r Oasiler , in Ms B Fleet Papers" of the current set has given his opinion so . the iifl of Sir Junes & ^ aa ou Factory , Laboar and Education . We utms * great Bumber of onr readers mD read ah Interest the -remarks © r their old friend , ana to therefore make no apology for inserting the entire jstfcr . He thus addresses the . Minister JTp Ihe Bi&d Ho * . James Graham , Bart M . P ., her VuestfsPrixdjnl Secretary of State for the Home
Department . SIR , —Msny are the i sqnjrie ! -which are ma 4 e of me , frffinall parts of the factory district , bymasteri and men , "Do yon approve of Sjb B 551 lor regulaSnj the em ptoyment of children and joan $ persons in Factories , ¦ wjnA Sir James Graham introduced on the 7 th nit to ibe House of Commons r * I hsTe resolTed , in this latter , to xrarwET all those inquiries . 1 call your most serions attention to my remarks on ftat delicate -and important subject , because I am -well ffsrais that there is no person in * condition to give you better information or more sound advice . Itis a gnesiion "which is pecoTistly my ottq—to it I b&Te devotad mare time and l&bont than any othBr man . UssTeinvesiigaieditinall its bearings—I have pursued it Ihoaih all its Tannf cations . of
Ism intimatfiljacquainted -vi& ^ rery class per joss tcf £ ic 1 i it refeis—I know all the interests "which Ssnhnea . 1 may add , too , -without fear efsnccessful golxniBsa , that 1 enjoy the confidence of that large ua mas iDterestiEg class of my iellow subjects , "whom Ji BflB especially iffect?— •» the children and young perieciaEploj-ed in factories , " as -well as of the better porjjoarfib ^ r employers . Iffcstter It is -neved in & religion * , moral , jjJjt ^ s 4 " social , political , 07 commercial bearing , X las dady iirresrigaied aod deeply pondered on ita tfedi Ijaiudesd , no noiiee oa ^ iePaetoryQuesSon . 1 isn fired maDy years in the bexrt of the factory diatati—I bsre taken a meat aetire part in that interestcjicaaoa . vMch has at length iasned in your Factowt EEaustion BOL
Hy JKe during the years I have been doomed to a jaioa tsa , indeed , separated jne from ioere actrre exertksiiB thai cause , but has not interrupted my comma EaJksj-jriili the employers and the employed . No ^ iu baa taken by them "with&ut my knowledge . 3 ^ teaiimEEt and retirement hare afferded me the bat opportunity of calmly rerie wing- every part of that m « t iEttitsting and intricate question ;— they hare ea&d me to do so entirely diverted of that FiiSfBnit snd enthnsia £ m "ffhleh participation in the atira Mazes * of agitation neeeasarily inspires . If I THElciJ ^ a dHjgetic in tie field , I iiaTB bees cabs BdecBteniilsirre in my c * U-
TIbts aid enough to claim your aifcentian to my ob-Hifen on a subject frith which circuHiBtances have kw tazEsctcd jw » r same—a question ¦ which can KrabeEHJotcd-wisboatferiEgiEg mine to the national ncflsc&m . Mj snnra to eH "who ssk my opinion—and , as I In * told you , Shey are msr : 3—Is , J entirely ditapprove if&t BUI vbidt yen Jiare introduced . If it be really JSQ eij ) eci to settle the-gassticai , yon hsTe mistaken S » " « y—if your intention be to reader it atill more
miSssg , TasSGus , and intricale than it has ever him been , you hare succeeded . And -why ? ' hi atuEBon to the Tery ol-jectionable points in Lord U& £ ep * s Factory Begnlation Act—tie two seto , gangs , oj i&iji of chiJdren , a ™* the T = xatious and unconstittitaal , as -well as fxpeznve system of inspecttonyalBre now introduced those fearfnl engines of nafesalfiRord , * ifce 2 J& -Jr PoorLaip" and "theCom-* £ * 68 of CouecD on "Edneation , * by connecting "witt Saa fia admmistra tion of the Factories Begnlatira
Ssd yen been TreH-icformed -with respgrt to the fc ^ Sfiaiperodes the minds of the people ol Bngfea , yca -wosia bare been sure that the introduction aSxaefcath and irreleTant subjects cf contention into fialactey question "would iafeiilbly proTe fatal to its J * aeMan § proper settlement 2 go noVmeui thatyoueianoi carry it ihronsh : P . rrBatei—ft » r « 2 is ao-w proTed that yen are omnipotent ; W " m the cOTEtry , yon ought to haTe known that the SB -B-laea you hare introductd -will be the fruitful ^ rce rf aineaslDg strife , and of sfflj greater perpleEtj . spt the
^ T ^^ ato estalsliBh >" rtr Poor La-w more 2 rffl ? y « riBE 5 a of the Factories B * gelation Aet—your wiMM cf raBGTiEg , by the same means , the education * J ~; I * qp 3 e entirely from the Ghurch , ( if yon are per-E « edto iet in the - ^ edce you -trfii soon drive it home , ) pa pSaclBg a m the hands c » r the Committee of WBMa ce EJacatim , - * ^ rffl , t-nsBHoHy , raise np an ijpoctKai ton ) tfc *< JhUTch sRd the pccple , to which , a nmpsrisoi , the presort mnrmurincs of the Dissenters
TO De only a 33 gentle zephyr . ^^ j y « cTBQl 33 a Tthroga&e . moTement—adding to , f £ &a if dhuhnEhiEg , tie eruiltifca of the factory * JSSB- Yuc Irnre lutrered tie age at trfcich children ««» be a 3 m " ± ; el 21 ^) the mills frsm nine to cf ^ Ji J = S > - sad , byaer « dnci ; cm of their term of labour from g- * to six and a lalf hours per day , you haTe ^« i the actu al factory labour for all sboTe ^ fa years from tsreTye "s-orkinB hours to thirteen js-iajj " 51
^ J may pass socb ee impolitic and delusiYe ^^ in liament—you * 511 find , howeTer , that the B » = » 7 can ngyer be satisfied with it . g ^^^ - ^ ito giTeJorcetothe future agitation of ~« Scry gnssann , yots -w 31 pass yonr Bffl ; if yem S !®^ ths » . irrit&Son from the body poUtic , you ^^ toip it , and ^ How Lord Asbley to settle the t& ^ J ** * Sir ae 0 B ] yTeason wh 7 i 116 * w * oiy J ^^ nhas been aH o-wed t »> Elumber , is , becacse tiie ^^ f «** e iactory children ^ ere resolved that Xord f ~™ P Act Jbonld >« Te « fai » fr * 5 » 1 That trial has
^ MSi grrED—it is proved , Bay , admitted , to be a £ " = *¦ _ Tearful -wffl be the coming strife , -when fi * t ?^ ^^ ffieats TPhS < ai yon iars now tiirown into V ^ v ?" ffidHnay i 1 * ' !* question ahall be added ^ fV * httB haTe , for so many yearn , disturbed the ^ T *?™? cMricta . ^^ » inic to jccgJYg aivice . Abandon your measure 2 "e Jlice to ( us -who , on tbis question at least , pos-^* a ^ a 5 f knowledge—to one -who enjoys the eonjfj S . * connby , and - » ho ought to possess that •^ rS lESt ;~ lrt : Lord ^^ y *» the stateEman t » Uo STJ ^ fe ifaa qnesiian , eo mnch bis oto . 3 > o this , WMtP ' * m Eot ^ " ^ ° « = ^ s > n to xeirent . fe , ^ J ™ a ra stin more embarrassing the X ^ islafe it r * ^* < 116 s £ oq , it is my duty to disenenm-^^ F ^^ . PfcrpleJdties -which have already bej ^^ toe minds of many persons who are only ^ y aegusintefi Tria jfie i ^ et - — -- *~ u * = u witu ice 4 E 2 xyi < CL 5 few * ho bsv not heard
^^ ^|^ re persons " s of " 5 ad-J&sHm v ?" Fact 01 7 Bill "—of &e enthusiastic ^^ aa » tath ^ made in its support—and of the ^ r ^ » o -nralent opr ^ csiMon -syhich -was raised SJhrfer ^ a it 8 * nK > 0 Tt *» by a very intoentM poi" ft tt « V ? masters and thdr friends . J eaW ^ ^ beliCTedby many , bat it iB neTfirthej sag T ^ fKB *** BUI -was amply intended to guard all ttgak T ^ y-o&B yesa from factory ni ^ bi -woA— to ^ S ^ -to 2 ^ " ^ Bine years of age froa factory ^ a *^/!? *^* 1 * 180113 betBeeniiiiie and eighteen * fcy . " m « l V D ^ S worked more than IS * hours 1 ^ ""W'wr tories , making , -wia two hours for ^ fer tet ^ * t » dTeionrs . In fact , ifcwia *«* en ^ L a Tss HonM Bia - —i * CV 8 & to ^ T 6 ^• -te ^! ft T £ aflly W a ' TwztTE Sours BilL Va ^ J vf S ( U € rt' ^ onand to ., strongly as it yp orua by the eTidence- of clergymen , magis-
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trates , msdit \ l men . null-ownnrrs , faclDry voikers , and the most respectable portion of society , it so happened that a feT very "wealth y and very oppressive millo"wners had iniaenca enough with the Whig Government to defeat Sadler ' s reasonable and benevolent intentions ; and after having had no fewer than four Parliamentary Reports on the subject , after innumerable pubTiC-meelBigs and petitions in favour of Sadler ' s bill , the "Whi g Ministers were persuaded that still more information-was reguired ; aaa after having obtained all this mass of evidence , & Royal Commission was actually iasned , in order that the Commissioners might traverse the country , " see "with their vwn eyes , and hear with their ovnvesrs , " and then report to iha Government toe result of their inquiries and observations .
Wh&tTinder-hand , unfair , and powerful influence was used to pervert their Report , it is not for me to explain —» ufice it to say , one of their body , Mr . Stuart , published the astounding fset , that the printed Report of those Commiesionera was no more like the Report of those men who were appointed to investigate the case , than would be the Report of any twelve men -whom we might meet by ehance any day in St Paul's Churchyard . Be this as it may , that false Report jiras adopted ; and onder its recommendation the present Factories ' Regulation Act was introduced , on behalf of the Whig Government , by lord Althorp , and passed by the LerislBtnre .
That measure was opposed by Mr . Sadler out of the House , ( who , under the Reform Bill , lost his seat . i and by Lord Ashley in the House—his Lordship having kindly undertaken to become the Parliamentary guardian of Sadler ' s Ten Hours Bill , whoa its originator bad unhappily been rejected by two Reform Bill consti tnencies . Although Saoler-was supported by the fac tory people with an enthusiasm which is almost without preeedent , ( I remember that » petition was signed by upwards of 40 , OD 0 from Manchester , imploring the voters of Leeds to return their friend , ) still it was all in vain—tyranny , falsehood , and deceit prevailed over justice and truth—Sadler was rejected . Leeds is now reaping the bitter fruits of that day ' s work .
But allhongb Lard Alihorp ' s Bill was opposed by Mr . Sadler , Lord Ashley , and all the friendB of the factory children , it was supported by the bit of a Parliament of mill-owners who assembled in Palace Tard / ' ( as Mr . Stuart , one of tie Commissioners , calls them ); ** a that gentleman informed the public why it was thus supported , vix : because " thay [ the millowners 3 knew that it was impracticable I " When Lord Althorp ' s Bill came into operation , the opponents of Mr . Sadler ( who bad snpported Lord Aivhorp in Parliament ) endeavoured , by every means , to increase the difficulties and vexations which the factory workers were « xpased to by its operation . If « omplaints were made to them , they were accustomed to say to their work-people , ' Go to Sadler and Oistlety it is they who have ceased you all this trouble , "vexation , and losgj they said they were your friends , go and ask them to relieve yon now J "
The . operatives were not to be thus deluded—they well knew that the Ten Hoars BUI of Sadler contained no vexatious clauses ; that it was simple and efficient in ite operation , containing a clause far the imprisonment of those mill-owners who offended the third time against ita enactments , instead of that swarm of spies whieh Sadler ' s opponents bad ioiro 3 raed In their Factory Bill , under the title of Inspec ^ orc—a race ef men whese existence can never be tolerated under a free Constitution . The very men who , with the aid of the Whig Government , had sacceeded in forcing Iiord Althorp ' s Act , against Vhe united efforts of Mr . Sadler , Lord Ashley , sad their innumerable friends , now became the most bitter opponents of Attfaorp ' s Act , and , failing to excite the operatives against Sadler and his friends , made several attempts in Parliament to get rid of the Factory Act , as they expressed it , " bit by
bit-In every eSbri they have hitherto failed—the operatives having resolved to give Althorp ' s Act a fair trial , and , if possible , obtain S ^ dier'a bilL Whenever their opponents have mooted the question in Patliamtnt , their friend Lord Ashley has been ready with Sadler ' s Ten Hours BilL ' "Thus the matter sto » d in Parliament and the Country , tmtfl you introduced your bill on the 7 th ulU Since then , yon know what a storm yon have raised , but you do not know the hurricane that is brewing .
I have thought it due to the friends ef Sadler ' s Ten Hours Bill to state these facts , because I know that there are thwnmnds of persons who believe that Sadler ' s bill was passed , the truth being , that he was defeated ; and Lord Ashley hea never yet been able to cany that simple , wise , and efficient measure . It canaieverbe too strongly impressed upon the / public mind , that Mr . Sadler ' s Bill recognised no infraction on thj Constitution , by the expensive establishment of espionage under inspectors , superintendents , Ac Mr . Sadler's Bill < lid sot encumber the factory question with the subject of Education—Mr . Sadler ' s BUI did not receguize the employment of twe gangs of children ; it was a simple proposal to forbid factory night work for those , under twenty-one years of age^—it forbad more than ten hours -work per day for those between nine and eighteen yeara—exclnding , of course , all under nine years from being worked in factories . This "was all that Sadler proposed—he encumbered the question with no other subject
Tor proposing that measure , and for no other crime , the talented , benevolent , and high-minded Sadler was driven from Parliament—he was persecuted with a virulence unequalled—he was charged with the blackest crimes , nay , even with meditating assassination—he was hunted from his native ' and , driven into exile , onto , in Ireland , heart-broken , he died ; and that country , on which his work has immortalized his same , found him a grave . It gives me the highest satisfaction when I remember that in that cause , with thai man , I -ma counted worthy of persecution .
Believing , as I do , that the factory gueslioo will never be ntifactorOy settled whilst the system of " relays" is eontinned , 1 am anxious to rescue my friend Sadler ' s memory from the suspicion of his having ever acquiesced in that impolitic system . No man opposed it more steadily than Sadler—it was obtained ; n direct contradiction to his wishes . In bis letter to the Commissioners , on that subject , he said : — " Relays . '—the very term is disgusting ; the comparison between the management of human creatures and that of cattle is / as Hume says , ' shocking ! ' But even in any such comparison , the physical condition of the infantile labourer , "under the relay * system , wonld gin * , infinitely below thai of the brute . * *
" The question is , whether the system , as now pursued , is injurious to the growth , destructive to the health , and fatal to the life itself , of multitudes of human victims , in the beginning of their days ; and not whether Mr . This , or Mr . That , may get £ 20 , 000 per annum , or only two-thirds or half of that sum , by those infant * gangB' which the legislature of England , to Its eternal diEgrace , has too lsng trusted to his ' tender mercies / • • • ? " But attempt such a measure , and , ¦ without professing the " gift ef prophecy , I venture to prognosticate that a struggle will commence which every friend of humanity n ^ rt ftfa country will have to deprecate . " list' measure * has bean attempted' —that' struggle ' has * commenced . ' The distress of the manufacturing population , which has issued in the late outbreaks , ib a- "warning to be remembered—an evil to be ' deprecated- *
If you will have two sets of factory workers under thirteen years of age , you must always have a donble number of those who are above that age , being a surplus of one-half more than can ever be employed . The surplus must always press upon the wages of the moiety who are employed , and thus they must depress the wages to . the very lowest point The unemployed will necessarily -be forced upon society as paupers , beggars , or thieves . With the system of ' relays , ' fhiB will be the resnlt , "which , as sure as effect follows cause , nature herself prescribes ; It is in vain that you attempt , by ¦ Education , * to prevent a necessity imposed by the laws of nature . If yon will train up doable the number of parsons to any bnsiness which number cannot , by any possibility , be employed , you Lhusjiece ssarily disorganize society .
I have no hesitation in pronouncing my opinion that very s&ueh of the distress and consequent discontent of the manufacturing operatives has its cause in Lord Alihorp ^ s system of " relays "—nay , the Prime Minuter himself asserted the same thing , when be said , that the immigration of labour from the agricultural districts into those districts which are the seats of manufacture was one cause of the distress ; for everybody knows that it was the children from the agricultural districts , not the aduUs , who were required by the manufacturers . The children were wanted to make np the two sets or xelsjs in the factories ,
Under any circumstances , the training up to a given employment twice the number of persons "who can possibly find work in that branch of labour , must , o / jicco ¦ rify , create disorder and distress j but , nniier the operation &f the New Poor La-w , which removed the only prop upon which labour could lean in the fierce charge made by capital upon ita value , that disorder and distress must be accelerated and increased . Do I misrepresent the tendency of the New Poor Law ? Am I mistaken in its sad and sickening effects on the value of labour and on the condition of the industrious portions of society ? Read , then , its character and its effects from your most influential and able
supporteri" The New Poor Law places labour aksdultly at the mercy of capitalists , The poor must work , starve , or suffer a penal imprisonment , under the provisions , of Oaf law ; but the capitalist finds that he employs them to most advantage by allowing intervals of idleness , during which they starve , or rot in workhouse * . Sy this be makes most money , that is , accumulates capital most rapidly * to enable bin to prolong the intervals of idlsness , and penal imprisonments in time to coma "The Standard , April 7 & , 1843 . Mark , then , how the system of relays , or two sets of juvenile workers , must increase the much abused power of the capitalists " , when aided by the Eupernumerary army 'of adult operatives , being the surplus created of the relay ' system , all of whom are waiting for employment at sny price rathei than submit ' to starve or to b penal iajpiwocment * Again : —
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" The New Poor La ^ has , in f act , plsced in the hands of wealth a peifectlyl despotic power over tfee labour of the people—an authority -which the rich hava abased , and "will continue to abuee , until tbe evil shall reach themselves , as indeed it is already reachiug some of them . The distress ofc the List four years may , we firmly beUeve be traced to the New ^ Poor Law in a far greater degree than to any other cause . The reason ie Bimple and obvious : that £ atv depbives thb poor of THE POINT OF RESISTANCE WHICH , BT IBNAKLING THE LABOURER TO * dAKETSRilS , IMPOSED a EESTRaiht ttpow EMPLOYERS , and checked among them that spirit of gambling , and tha % pcrt or compbiitiom , which have all but involved the country in ruin .
" It is not merely that by the new law capitalists aro enabled to bring machinery into unequal and fatal rivalshlp with human labour . Thb xaw which PLACES A REDUNDANT BODY OP LABOURERS ABSOLUTELY AT THE COMMAND OP EMPLOYERS , ENABLES THE LATTER TO MAKE WHAT TERMS THEY PLEASE with those upon whose toil THSV g row ricU . * * — The Standard , April 10 , 1843 . Will you add power to ' the despotic power of wealth' 1 Will you remove to a " still greater
distance the poor man ' s * point of resistance ' against that abnsed authority' ? Will you mightily augment that redundant body of labourers , ' to enable the capitalists with more ease ' to make what terms they please' ? Yes , Sir , you will do all this if you pewisfc in passing aoy factory bill with " two sets" of infantile labourers . Then let its title be , "An Aet to perpetuate and increase distress j" for it is clear , that any Act of Parliament which incorporates the system of two sets of infant factory labourers , can only be a law to augment the manufacturing embarrassment .
If you will not be warned , by Sadler—if the assertisn of tbe Prime Minister himself must be disregarded , you may go on legislating for evil , until national calamity shall over-ride all our institutions . In that day , remember yon have been solemnly warned by your victim . I think I have now answered every inquirer . None can any longer be asking . " What does tbe ' King ' think about Sir James Ch-abam ' s Factory BUI V There was a time when Sadler's Ten Hours' Bill would have satii < fle < l tfee necessity of the case . He demonstrated that TEN hours per day was the longest time that persons under twenty-one years of age could
work is factories without certain injury . He was always of opinion that that period was much too long , and regretted that the prejudices of his opponents forbad any hope of obtaining a milder measure . Subsequent experience and observations by the Factory Commissioners have established that eight hours a day was the utmost limit that children under thirteen years could safely be employed . Still more recent evidence has convinced you , that six and a half hours is the inaximum period of labour that ought to be awarded to children in factories . Be it so—I am the last person to onject to your discovery , and to the necessary mitigation of the sufferings of tbe factory workers .
Tho result , tLen , of every investigation on this most important subject , on your own showing , is this : — where machinery is . worked by children , six and a half hours a day is tbe longest limit that nature has awarded ; and , since it is demonstrated that two sets of children cannot be employed without deranging society , by the production of a double supply of the older factory " bands , " ( one-half of whom must always remain unemployed , ) yon will , if you regard natural causes and effects , arrange yonr machinery so as entirely to exclude children , or , be content to adopt your own discovery , and make six and a half hours & day tbe inaximum of factory labour .
All this comes of the resistorce to Sadler ' s plain , simple , and efficient Ten Hours BilL The dijfyulties have heen created 6 y the enemies of Sudlaf—it is for tbem now to prove that they have been deceived , or at once tubmitto the natural cansequencaof their own discoveri es ; one thing being certain , that , in tbe long run , two sets of children will inevitably upeet tbe social system . Do you ask me what would be the result of an Act for six hours and a half for all ages ? I answer , — higher wages and better profits , because a sure and constant demand would be the result . I shall only add my solemn entreaty that you will serious ' y reflect ou this most important question , and more especially on the " relay" point I have much to say on your Education schema I will not connect it with the factory question , because it baa just as little reference to that Bill as it has to the Bill for the new fl « ine machine .
If yr . u persist in placing the education of the people in tbe hands of " Ihe GonimUtee of Privy Council "thereby making the Cleigy the mere puppets of that Committee—you will lay a mine under the Church , which , whem it Is blasted , will involve every institution , from the Throne downwards , la irremedable ruin . If , on the other hand , y » n force your children to receive and to pay for an education in which they or their parents have no choice , you commit a Iigrant injustice . At the earliest convenient season you shall have my opinion on that subject . Meanwhile , let me urge you lo separate it from the Factory Bill , el * eyou will create such sn agitation as you are ittUs aware of . Tho Dissenters ba . ve given the war-cry ; but depend upon it , Churchmen are not dumb . This new-bora dissenting »; al for the factory children has made mo smile . I will tell yon why when 1 can find space .
I have now only room for a very , very curious document I skill not say much about it . It is in itself rerj eloquent . A gbnUsmao wished to see a union workbouse . He Bpplied to Mr . Eiwin Chadwick for an introduction . Ha received the following note ; : but , although he was a foreigner , bs knew the difference between " desire " and " need . " He fancied that he might " desire to know that which the servant of the Omsiissioners might think it tot " needful" to cemmnr . icate ; so bring indisposed to be humbugged , he declined the visit -How tbe note came into mj hands , I shail not at present inform you . This is a true cepy : — " Poor Law Commission Office .
" SIR , —Mr . being desirous of seeing an Eng'iah workhonse , conducted under the regulations made by virtue of the Poor Law Amendment Act , the Commisrioners desire that you will show him over the Windsor Union Workhouse , and give him such informatiou as as he may [ desirtO need . "lam , Sir , " Your obedient servant , "ll Obad-wick , Secretary . " " To tee Master of the Windsor Workhouse . " Thewctd " desire" had been first written—it was
crossed out , and the word " need" was inserted in its stead- This proves that suppression and concealment are a part of tbe Commissoners' system . If a father were thus to solicit his son , " I am in need—in need—I 'desire' yonr aid ; " and if the bob were to retort , — " You begat me—you could not help 5 t 1 owe you nothing—tliere is no ' n ed' that I should respond to your desire ; ' ** the difference between " desire" and " need . * would be painfully manifest . Does Mr . Edwin Chadwick understand me ? I am your Victim , KlCHAKD OASTLER .
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Several Farmers of the North and East Ridings of Yorkshire are turning their attention to the cultivation of fl * x , anii some i . xp rienced men ( well grounded in the growing of fl \ x ) from Belgium are engaged for that purpose . —Durham Advertiser . On SatuudaY morning , the 22 ad iust ., a draught , consisting of 187 men belonging to the Hon . East India Company ' . * Infantry , marched tronx Bromptpa barraoks to Gravesend , where they embarked from the Ousfcom-house quay on board tiio ship Alexander for Bombay . ' Execution of Ja mes Ford . —We understand that Mr . JuBtice , Maule , before he left Chester on Wednesday morning , fixed the execution of this unhappy yoang man , for the murder of Samuel Shaw , for Saturday , the 29 th instant , ( this day . )
It is currently reported in the law circleB that Lord Abinger will reura from the Bench at the end of the proaent Term , and will be succeedod by the Attorney-General , and that Fitzroy Kelly , Esq ., will be the Hew SoUcitor-Genwral . He ought 10 have retired long since . By the ancient laws op Hungary , a man convicted of bigamy was condemned to live with both wives in the same house ; the crime was in consrqueuco extremely rare . ' Singular Occurrttnce . —A brace of partridges having been started by a lady who was walking in the fields a few days ; since , near the High Roothins ; windmill , one of the birds , in rising , ft 6 w against the sails of the mill , which were at the time in motion , and instantly fell lifeless to the ground . —Essex puper .
On Tuesday morning , a oonviot from the county of Meath , named Keliett , was found to have committed suicide in his cell . He took the straw out of his bed , twisted it into a rope , and hauged himself . A book was foand in which he had written a few lines , asking forgiveness of God for the rash act . Kollett was under sentence of transportation . Constantinople , March 29 . —Upwards of 30 , 000 men , partly regular troops and partly militia , are concentrated at Bagdad , with sixty pieces of artillery . At Erzerum there are likewise about 30 , 000 men , with for » V Dieces of the beat Turkish artillery . The Pasha of Bagdad has received orders to resume immediately , on the frontiers of Persia , the military positions occupied by the Turkish troops before the officious interference of England and Russia .
Canadian Beef . —Mr . G . Straker , of Nuwoastle , astonished the butchers and brokers of the Quayside not a little on Wednesday last . He opened a cask of Canadian beef in their presence , and exhibited as fine an article as conlH be produced here , and which had only cost him 37 s . 6 d . per 2001 b ., or 2 $ d . per pound J " The proof of the pudding is in tJhe eating ; we have tasted tbe beef , aud found it to be prime . —Gateshead Observer . Sr-aiSG . — " The Spring has always been remarked as a period when disease , if it be lurking in the system is sure to shew itself . The coldness of winter
renders torpid the acrimonious fluids of thebody , and in this state of inactivity , their evil to the system is not perceived , but at the Spring these are aroused , and if sot checked , mix up and circulate with the blood , and thus the whole system in contaminated . Parr's Li ' e Pills , taken three every night for two or three weeks , will rid th * body of all that is noxious , and produce health and comfort . Per-on 8 troubled with scorbuiic affections are 8 tronj < iT a' ! vised to try them at this time of the year ; in a few days they perceive the powerful clearing properrios they possess , and thus be induced to continue them . "
Crowds o » Persons flocked yesterday afternoon to the quay of the St . Katharine Dock , near tho sugar-crushing warehouse , to inspect a bomb-mortar and carriage , for the use of the Porte , that are to be shipped in a few days on board the barque Jupiter , Captain Hicks , for Alexandria . The mortar is one of thelargest ever exported from England , its weight being 13 tons , and the bore 20 inchvs diameter . Its carriage , wh ; ch has been made of malleable iron , weighs 17 tons—total weight of mortar and carriage 30 tons ! Previous to the arrival of the mortar in tbe St- Catharine's Dock , it was proved in ibo royal dockyard at Woolwich , with a charge of 801 bs . of gn » powder .
A Court-martiAi- was held at Chatham on the 20 th , on board of her Majesty ' s ship Poicikrs , to try Lieut . Dewes , of her Majesty ' s ship HeralJ , for replying in an indolent tone to Captain Mairs , his superior , and for refusing to go to his cabin when ordered . The Court found the first part of the charge proved , and admonished the prisoner to ba more ctrcumspoot in his language ; on tho second part of tho charge the prisoner was honourably acquitted ; when hu was immediately surrounded by several officers , who shook him by the hand , and on his leaving the fchip , the crew of the Herald gave several rounds of oncers .
Plain Speaking to Parliament . —The following is a copy Of the novel petition presented by Dr . Bowring from an elector of this borough , and which caused quite a sensation in the House of Commons on Monday evfning : —" That your petitioner ia of opinion , that the solo object of the bread-tax is to make bread scarce , and , consequently dear , in order to increase the rent rolls of individual members of your Honourable House , so that you arc Iegi ! aHng for jour own interests , at the expense chiefly of t * i « poorest wretches in the land . That this kind of cla « legislation endangers the very existence of the Constitution . That the people will nevor be contented
and happy , fo long as they are compelled to pay a tax on every morsel of food they ear , and that , not ; or . purposes of revenue , but to go into the pockets of monopolists . Your petitioner would , therefore , pray your Honourable House to fake off this , the most odious of all taxes , by at once and for ever repealing tbe corn-laws . And your petitioner would also pray , that if , at any time , another bread-taxing Bill should be brought before your Honourable House , it may be intituled * An Act for the better enabling the Landowners to rob poor Factory Children and others . ' And your petitioner will ever pray . "— bolton Free Press .
Hunting thk Old One . "—This morning ( Tuesday ) at a very early hour a vast number of the lower classes assembled in a field at tho roar of Mr . Malcomson's house . Some of the more nspecuble classes , who were astir at that lime , anJ passing in tne vicinity , very naturally inquired what was ihe cause of so great an assemblage at such an ea r ' y hour , The answer given to their very great surprise , was , that the devil was traced aii ihe way from Cashel across to Mr . Bank ' s field , and that the prmt of his foot was quite visible , the ground being burned . " Young and old , halt and lamp , were after him , and the chase . was kept up with a spirit thut completely baffles description . Walls , fences of
every kind , and rivers , were taken in the most sportins ? style to catch " the old boy ; " and one of the foremost said " that he had just got a glimpse of him , " and that" he was a genteel-looking man . " On wont the chase , and in the mean time intelligence of the ; pursuit reached the mayor ( ao much noise did the affair make ) , and his worship lost no time in summoning Dems F , who , he conceived , would be " a good man ** ' at overreaching him . Both were quickly mounted , and soon they arossed on the hunt ; but the devil was out of sight when they came up with the pursuers , and no trace of him waB visible . Hundreds during thp day were to be seen going in tbe direction where the foot-princa were . — Tipperary Constitution .
Thb Pbincb of Walbo's Household . —Tbe public will see with infinite satisfaction that the Prince of Wales is about to have a seperate household . Some have imagined that a baby-house is alluded to , but we have ascertained that such is not the case , and the following may bo relied on as being as accurate a list as it is possible to obtain of the projected establishment : — Master of the" Rocking Horse . Comptroller of tho Juvenile Vagaries . Sugar Stick in Waiting . Captain of the ( Tin ) Guard . Black Rodin Ordinary . Master of i-be Trap Ordinance . Clerk of the Pea Shooter . Assistant Battledore .
Lord Privy Shuttlecock . Quartermaster General of the Oranges . It is not yet decided by whom these offices are to be filled , but there is no doubt his royai highness will manifest considerable discretion in making the appointments for the " separate houshold" which has been so properly assigned to him . —Punch . CauiiOn to Advertising Females . —From the following letter , which has been addressed to the editor ot a Manchester paper , it wonld appear that similar infamous practises have been attempted in the provinces to those recently carried on in the metropolis . The writer says— "I wish , through tbe medium of yonr journal , to give publicity to some infamous attemDts which have been made to bring
ru ; n on several of a class of ladies who , being often friendless and unprotected , are exposod to the machinations of the licentious . A few cases have come to my knowledge when governesses have advertised for situations , or replied to advertisements , and have received letters purporting : to be from a neighbouring town , and after ft letter or two have passed between them relating to terms , " &c , interviews have ' -. been requested . The writers Btated , that , * as they came to Manchester only once a week , the interviews must take place at the houses where they lodge . These have been proved to be brothelsof a superior description , and being in rather respectable situs *
tions , and having decent external appearances , may easily be taken for boarding-hou 6 ea ofascoudars class . In the cases alluded to , the parties have been prevented entering the houses by the interference of the neighbours and other accidental circumstances ; but there is imminent danger of the innocent and unsuspecting girls becoming the victims of these wretches . Ladies ought not to go unaccompanied to sldj appointment at a place whieh they do not know to be respectable . " Tue editor of the paper says that before publishing this letttr he tnado private inquiries into the facts , and ^ satisfied himself that the caution of bis correspondent had not been Riven without sufficient ground ? .
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N . Tuckett . of Exeter , timber-merchant , announce , by public advertisrment ^ that he has been ' surcharged to the income-tax ; by one thousand pounds , " and that he is determined to seek some other country " , " where there wilt be ne inquisitors sent to rack mankind . " ¦ Laudable and Legal ABDvcvtpn . —Mr . Pim , of MoHntmellick , has foroibly carried away his own wife , Mrs . Pim , from the hotel of the White Quikera in William-street . A chaise was brought to tho door , and Mrs . Pim—one of the leaders of the seothaving been carried out ia the aroa 8 of her husband , was placed in the carriage muehj agaiust hor will , and the vehicle drove off , amid 3 tithe cheers of the spectators . —World . )
Constabulary Ireland)—The following is a statement on tbe amount and expense ^ of the constabulary force employed in Ireland on lihe 1 st . of January last : —1 inspector-general , 2 deputy inspectors gen oral , 2 provincial inspectors , i receiver . il surgeon , I veterinary surgeon , 18 paymasters , 35 County inspectors , 216 Btib-inspectora , 261 head constables , 1 , 419 constables , 7 , 086 sub-constablea . 304 horsss , and 58 magistrates . The total expense of the establishment for the year 1842 was . £ 441 , 605 5 s ll £ d , of which amount £ 263 , 473 5 s 2 d was born by the Consolidated Fund , and £ 178 , 132 0 *> 0 £ d by th p counties , cities , and towns of Ireland .
What Next ! . —A Mr . Bain , of Wot . fcon , near Wick , announces the discovery of an electrical printing telegraph , by means of which ! he can , " by one set of types , set up a newspaper in London , and print it simultaneously in every town j in England and Scotland , nearly as fast as the steajn machine throws off the sheets . " This will beat piano printing all to nothing , —Brighton Gazette . [ Completion op the First Instalment op the Chinese Ransoh . —On Monday afternoon six wajj-£ ona , each drawn by four horses , arrrived at the Royal Mint with upwards of one million and a quarter dollars worth of sycee silver , being the last moiety of the first instalment , namely , 5 , 000 , 000
dollars of the Chinese ransom . The above precious atorea arrived at Portsmouth abotifc the ifl ddle of last week in her Majesty ' s ship Herald , and one ol ' tho principal officers in the Commissary department at the Treasury inuueci lately took charge of the silver . Baring Thursday and Saturday the Herald was unloaded , and on Monday the cargo was brought up to town by the Sou'h » mpton railway , under a strong military escort , and in the course ot the day it was safely deposited in the bullion storehouses at the Miut . The silver , as on previous occasions , is packed in strong woodeu boxes , bearing the official s « al of Sir H . Pottinger , and as the treasure passed through the City crowds of persons followed tats procession till it entered the gates of the Mint .
Dublin Taxation . — W © understand that application has been nia
of incurring peKalties , tho iaw authorising only the use of hired cars which have the names of the owners , with figure ula ' . os , on their shafts . The tax ou jab carriages is understood { to be urged as a gijuud tor taxing ; private curiages , as the classes who possess the latter ar <^ ir > w exempt from taxation to which the p ^ rsonn wh ^ can only use job carriages mast contribute . The relief of the poor cart owners is , however , the main arguipent , as we understand , used in support of tbe onaEge proposed . — World .
Yankee Pccilism— O ; i Friday evening a singular scene look place in Lower E ibt Smithfield , opposite St . Katherine docks , where a number of ruffians were congregated to witness a " gouging match" between two sailors belonging to one of the American shfp 3 lying in those docks , who , having had a quarrel in one of the publichouses in the neighbourhood , turned out to settle their difference ? a ' : er thfeir own fashion . The manner in which the fight ( if jsuch it nny be called ) was carried on , was by pa'chjng htld of each other ' s long shaggy hair , und twisting the fore finger through it , endeavouring to thrust thjj > the thumb into the opponent's eye , by kiokmg , rolling on the ground , and tearing at each other in every ; possible way . This exhibition continued for upwards of haif an hour , amidst the yella of the m ^ b , until the appearance of the police put an end to the affray , before either Ot the men had sustained any material injury , although both of thtm were covered iwith blood and dirt .
Dublin . —Dkpeat op The Poos Law Commissioners . —At tho Bittiiij , of the Co | iirt of Queen ' s JSench this nioruing , Mr . Justice Buriongavo judgement iu the case of tho guardians os the union of Edtnderry at the prosecution of the Poor Law Commissioners . The leornrd jurfge sta : ed that judgement had been deferred in tho uope that in ami ^ a-Dle arrangement might have b en come to bttw < jen tha guardians and the ccmrat > siuturs . \ Hio Lordship than referred to the fin ; is of the case , which were briefly these : —it anptared that an oriier was made
by the Poor Law Gfcmmissiouf-rs for | l < :--yir g t borrowing a snen of £ 7 , 600 to build a workhouse in Edcnderry , King ' s Uuuijty ; ; hat order wa complied with by the guardians , bu a second order for the pxvment of £ 1 , 250 was re .-isted by Uhe guardians , aud accordingly pr « cee < iingH were taken by way of mandamus io compel tht : ffl to pay theinontiy . After a caret 11 i examination of tbe statute , the learned judge intimated that the Court was of oniuion that ; the rule for a mandamus by the commissioners should be discharged .
Trial for Mtjrdeb at Malta . — Private John NaUor , 8 tii r ^ g ,, who murdered Dr . Martin , was oiaced at tbe ba . r of the £ >{ . < . *<" ' aJ Commission on the 5 th in .-. f . Tiie sittiiig'" /' tnttiis ^ ionurs Were Sir Ignatius Bonavita , Pr sii' ^ nt , and JaJgfa Dr . G . B . Satarii ; no a"d Dr . F . ( . hapella . The prisoner was charged with having , on che 6 'h day of March , 1843 , discharged mali ( 'iout . ly , in e ^ U blood , and with a deliberate intention to kill or to do some grievous bodily injury , a firearm Ioa < U-d with bill , or other materials , at Dr . Wiliiara Martin , wounding him principally on the right loin and tho intestinaTtube , and causing , in consequenc , almost ; immediately , his death , against tho public peace and tranquillity ,
and in contempt of our Sovereign L ;*< iy the Queen and the laws . The Crown-Advocate iexamined the witnesses for the prosecution , and this part of the proceedings being concluded , Dr . Deoaro , counsel for the prisoner , was heard in hia defence . The Jury withdrew to delib ^ ate , and in an hour an i a half returned in * 0 court with the riiowing v .-rJift : — " Proven unanimously , wiih tho declaration of ok ? of the jurors that tho prisoner acted uudtr » fr . of monomania . " The Crown-Advocate rose and paid , that the verdict was contradictory . The President answered that th © *• verdioi" w * s i-lqar , bdu proceeded therefore to pass sentence . Nailor wa condemned to hard labour for lifo , with one chitm , and w'thout wates . ; Death from Eating Poisorvors Plants . —Thursday wtek , a woman naincii Lnzu > cth Tilbury , sixiyfiva yearn of age , liviiig m rf ! . ortV 4 ganiuns , at , Giks ' . s , wcit into Coveii 1- ^ 1 rden-market to p up 8 onu ) odds and ends o ( v > -i ; * u-, ies , with w ich to make out a dinner , boiug too poor 'olbuy oven the pennyworth that was necessary for that purp «; st > Sae ^ colieeUjd a f mall parcel of what she conoiup red the sprouts of grow : ' . <» ut or » w * , took them bniue , and put several of them into an iron pot , with potatoes and tat , ai : d fried the iness . After eating of the pouag * - she remarked to her son , a labourer at a cutlcrV , that sho was uf ui < i .- > he hud poisoned herself with the sprout-- - , they haviug tasted
so odd , and she soon became ill , but would not consent to have a surgeon sent for . On God Friday , however , ahe evinced so much depr > ss-ion tha ; . Mr . Latten , a medical oflicer ui the St . G »' a " . s Infirmary , was sent for by her frku-is , but bcior « i thai gentle man oould arrive she wa , s d .-ad . lfco par ch ' . al constable of thedistric ; , hearing of tha circumstance , proceeded to the hou « e , ai . d i <» k - hie undressed sprouts to Mr . Waklcy , th- dToner , jwtieu ou exanimation th <> y proved to bo wa-low jsaifron . I * , appeared that the symptoms unuer which ihe deceased was said to have laleured were bimilar to those which might bo produced by poisonous doses of coichicum , which is made from t . us plant .
" Interesting Ceremonv at Vienna !! " — Vilniva , Apbil 5 . —To-day b . : ng tho fiftieth anniversary of his imperial Highness Archuuke Charles having ro ceived the grand oross of the miluary order o . Muxi t Theresa , the whole garrison , to which two retiinvnts bearing the name of the venerable prince hau bocn added , marched out to the glacis 10 a most magnificent parade . Several splendid teits had betn erected fof the imperial family and their suite . At ten o ' clock his Majesty the Emperor ; arrived on horseback , accompanied by tbt * archdukes , and the general officers of the garriBon , aud escored by the life-guards . Their majesties , the two empresses , and the other illustrious members of the imperial family followed ia open carriages , and ajUondfd the high mass and " Te Daum , " performed in front of salutes had been
the troops , previously to which fired from all the gune on the ramparts ; and immediately after the conclusion of the aoientn service , the emperor , embracing the Archduke Charles , decorated him with the cros 3 of Maria Theresa , superbly set in diamonds , in sight of the immense crowd of spectators , and during their loud and repeated acclamations and hurrahs . The archduke then received the warm congratulations of the members of the imperial family , the other knights of the order , the generals , & 0 . Tno troops having afterwards defiled before his majesty the emperor , the whole imperial family and suite returned to the castle , where at two o ' clock a sumptuous banquet took place in the hall of the knights of Maria The * resa , beautitully decorated for this occasion . Of course all the knights of the order were invited . [ Ah ! these kings and queens !] '
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It Appsaks from tl « Aai- ' fairn < Ur , ii' . z of tha 19 h , that the Russian . . VJi :: i . - ™ at Ooi . si ^ -i . n&p !© , on the 2 ad , wa '; -i on Saiiiw LiRfadi , mo imister for Foreign Affairs , " to communicate 10 Dim iba ultimatum of the Cabinet oi St . Petersburgb . relative to Servia . " " Russia requires that Prince Alexander , voluntarily abdicate the sovereignty of that principally , and t ) mt in < iase of his refusing to d so , the Porte pronounce his deposition , and order a now election . M . de Boutenieff iiad been iu « tructed ( should the Su ' ton decline to order a new olectiou ) to retire instantly from Constantinople ,
Dr . Wahnefqrd , honorary canon of oucester and Bristol , has given an estate , sitaate at Hollingly , in Sussex , to the fUddiffo Lunatic Asy ' njn , to enable them to admit gratuitously a greater number of patients . The estate contains between 700 and 800 acres , and yields a net b-vjraoof £ U 00 p « r annum . In addition to the munificent gift , ttie Doctor aud his- sibW havo comribnted the sura of £ 7 , 250 to the asylum since us formation in 1813 , AceoBPiNG to an Iiiah paper the Mercantile Advertiser , the population of Ireland is showa by the census of 1841 to Le 8 , 176 , 273 . It appears that tha increase during the ten years up to 1841 was 557 . 702
less than it "had been in tha ten years preceding . It is evident that during the last ten years , there has been a very decided check to the progress oi' population in Ireland . The increase in England , daring ibe last ton y .-ars from 1831 to 1841 , was 2 , 004 , 794 , whioh was more th&u one-seventh Upon the pouplatioa of 1831 . The increase in Ireland , during the ) same ten years , was 407 , 872 , which was little more than one-twentieth of cbe population of l £ Hl . The increase in England has been in the ratio ot * nearly three to one , as compared with Ireland . Tnis is the first time that Ireland has shewn a less degree of increase than England .
Revolution in St . Domingo . —( Extract of a letter . (—Kingston , Jascmca . March 20 . —Tierevplu * ion which has for somo time been impending ia the neighbouring island of St . Domingo bas at length come to a crisis , and , as yet , I am happy to say , a bloodless one .- The ex president , lean Pierro Boyer , with thirty-two of his ariheroiits , having sought shelter in one of her Majesty ' s shipB , arrived here yesterday morning on board the Soylla . He had been driven to this step by the resistance which waa offered to the means he had adopted to get rid of the opposition to the measures of his government in the national legislature . At the head of this opposition was the Seaator Dameille , the representative of the province of Aux Caves , who on five d-fforent
occasions had been expelled from the senate chamber at the point of the bayonat , and each time bad been triumphantly re-elected by his original constituents . Under the apprehension of proceedings of a still more despotic and unconstitutional character , it appears that Mr . Dnmeille had addressed him . « p ! f to ihe regiment of arfciilery stationed at Anx Cayes , by the whole of whom be was readily joined ; and the feelings of the people were so strongly engaged in his favour by what had previously taken place , thit , in tho course of a very few days he found himself at the head of a , force of 6 , 000 men , with whioh he waa preparing to march ol the capi'al . In the meantime , with the view of demonstrating to his fellow citiaons that he was not actuated by motives of personal ambition , he proposed to M . Beaugillard , the governor oi" Aux Cayes , who hag been very generally regarded for the last ten or twdve years as the probable successor of Boyer in the presidency , to declare tho office vacant , and to
proclaim M . Beaugillard rovisionally pr <* sid * nt until » n opportunity could be taken to assemble the senate and complete his election by the forms which the Haytiah constitution prescribes . Jt appears that , at the period in question , now some three weeks ago , M . Beaugillard declined to avail himself of this offer of M . Dumeille , but I believe it was perfectly understood that he did not look with disfavour on the armed resistance which was offered to the violent proceedings of the president , although he did not think that the tiaie was yet come for his placing himself at tie head of this revolutionary movement . In all probability , ho vvever , tho embarkation of Boyer with his leading adherents w' ! l have proved tbe signal for his definitively declaring himself . At the same time , there is some reason to apprehend , as those portions of the population who speak the Spanish language have had but lit : e intercourse with their fellow-citizens at the ofch < r end of
tho island , whose manners and habits are framed oil the French model , that some attempt may now be mid ? to re-establish the political separation which A / rmerly existed . between them . As yet there is no palpable indication of any such design , but from what I know of the country personally , and ef the views of many of its inhabitants , I decline to think that the tranquil and permanent settlement of its affiira will be exposed to more danger from this cause than , perhaps , from any other . There is , fortunately , at this moment a respectable British io- oe on this station , and as both parties have appealed to us for protection , first those , with M . Espiaa ^ se at their head , who had been driven into exile by the arbitrary proceedings of the president , and nu , w Boyer himsblf , with his immediate adherents , reduc-d to ft sim lar condition , it is to be hoped that tha peaceful position of the community will cot be reduced to the necessity of choosing between anarchy and slavery .
Seductto ** and Suicide . — On Wednesday evening Mr . Carter , coroner for Survey , held an inquest at the Red Lion Inn , High-st ., Putney , on the body of Harriet Elizabeth Langlands , late a dome vio Bervant . The inquiry created considerable excitement , and a soiioitor attended on the part of the deceased ' s father to watch the proceedings . Amelia Barwell , on being sworn , said , the deceased was in my empl' -y a * cook . On Good Friday evening , between nine and ten , in consequence of what I had been previously told , I sent for the deceased , and told her that I understood she had some arsenic , and that the intended to destroy herself . I also told her that I could not allow her to have poison in my house , when she began to weep very bitterly . Alter
persuading her to let me have the poison , and threatening to call the police in if she reused , she consented to deliver up to ma the poison . She then went up into her bed-room , and opening her drawers she took out a email paper parcel which contained a white powder j which I immediately threw into the fire . I > had been told some time previously that deceased had been seduced by a man who had posseted himself of all her money , and then havi deserted her . I mentioned that to her , and inquired of her if she was enciente . She in reply told me ihat she had had " enough of life . " I advised her not to m > anything desperate , telling her at the same lira * tiat I had no doubt her father would be willing to take her home . At half-past twelve o ' clock on
Siit ! rda > morning , I heard a noise in dcoeaaed'a bed-rooni , and upon proceeding into her room , I Baw h ? r in ht-r night-dress vomiting , and seeing she brouth' up blood , I-went and called her master , and ¦ a ai < J i ' . ju ^ ht a medical man ought to be cal ! - "d in , as sh « was in a very wild state . Mr . Farmer , Mr SnUHco . a . ad his assistant , were called in , who ^ t ' ciMtud the deceased , but with no beneficial effect , a ^ ch ., died on Saturday afternoon . Mr . C . dhitlito , surg ^ n , ot Putney , said ho was called to attend tho docca - " . d on Friday night . He went to Captain BarwllV hf . usc , where he found the deceased Iabouiiiisj under the effects of some mineral poison . Ihi c . uid not put any questions to her at that period , owiut- m her exo t-sive vomiting and the cramp in
he * extri uiir . es . A white powder in the bottom of a turuos r satisfied witness that she had taken corrosive sublimate . The usual antidote , suoh as _ the whire of g ^ s and carbonate of potass were administt-rod . hut sue never recovered . Captain Barwell coiinrmcd the previous testimony , and produced a letter written by tlu- deceased , addressed to " Mr . R . W-n . « i y , at Mr . Bullosk's , the Fox under the Hi Jl , Cam her well , " which was asfollows : — " Putney , April . My d < : ar Dick , —I now , for the last tim-, sit down to send to yon , and I hope before this reaches you I shall be no more , and I ki . ow you will be glad of it , since the way you behaved to me list night , which is wicked ; indeed it » . not wi . ai I thought of you , but I hope you have
o ; : e : park of love for one you will now for the last fci ' . ao ev . r hf ar of , &nd I fiope you will follow me to tho j ; rtivt : as 1 Vk iasi reaped yon can pay to one who has ever j- ' r . ^ wn the greatest love and reBpect for you . May the ci ilu , whom I shall be the murder of as wdl as uiv elf , be h'jppy in the world we ehah ?• to , as I am si ' rp we ntvcr shall be here , when I know that tbe i * tinT is : ii'ive and happy with another , whi'pt she v . iiom y- » ^ -ve ruined and forsaken perhaps woui < : t > o 'v . jnrng of bread to eat , —and yon new are b ' j \> rf to , dink you have got me iu your power to tr-mplf up- ; but no longer shall yu do that , for I ha < ... ir . e nian who would do it . Think ,
then , on th >; tim « wr- --n ? ou first saw and knew me , and thiuk v . i ihe . d'flVr . uc ? time has made in me , and the one ihat I should have thought would never have tutne'i h . s * ick on me who never did so to you when j'tn wore in trouble . But , oh God , I forgive you ail \ our iii u . ^ e towards raev and forgive you , —fo no more from your ever despised Harriet Langi < am > s . PS . No more , adieu for ever . "yi . A . Swan , another servant in the employ of Cap * . Harwell , said the above letter was in the handwriting of the deceased . Witness knew Winsley , and had every reason to believe that he waa the father of the child . A short time back deceased
said she had lent Winsley £ 3 . She was much m debt , having borrowed of different persons to Bnpply Winstey with money . After her death , she h * dnot enough Rearing apparel to fto laid cut in , notwithstanding that 6 be had a s « lary of £ ] 2 per annum , the whole of her cl ; thes being pledged to support Winsley . A night or uvo back deceased borrowed 4 s . from wjtneas f <> r tba same purpose . Several other witnesses vwr-i tiamiued , ona of whem produced a duplicu . * *) for tome articles which t-he had pledged , which deceased said at tho time was for the purpose of gttthm Wintley a coat . The jury , after a long con : u ; 'atii * n , returned the following verdict ;—• ' * That the uoceased destroyed herself by taking poison , corrosnv . sublimate , being at that time in a state of mer ; j ! aberration , brought on by the excessive grief cap « e by the ungrateful and unnatural Goiiduct of Jftii hard " Wesley . "
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A Letter from Tripoli , of the 4 : h instant , states that tbe district of Gebel , being 3 n full insurrection , the Pacha has Eent out an expedition , with ten pieces of cannon , and a mortar , to reduce it to subjection . There has been a great increase of insolvency amongst the farming classes throughout Ireland during the last twelve months . In counties where the average number of cases had been twenty , thoy are now eighty . In previous years the number of case 9 for hearing in the Courts of Ulster and Connaught amoim ' ed to about two hundred ; this year were nearly 800 cases .
A Pigeon shooting match took place at Tilbury , on Monday last , wh ^ n , after tho sport was over , the company , amongst whom were a number of conntrymen , retired to an ma for dinner , when a dispute arose between the countrymen and soldiers ; the conseqnence was , a regular battle ensued . The soldiers , having rather the worat of it , sent to the barracks for a reinforcement , making their number about eighty . Bloodshed was the order of the night , and ii was with great difficnlty tha ; the fight was put an end to , the soldiers n 6 ing their bayonets without mercy . It was , however , ascertained that eleven soldiers were in the hospital , and about twenty » under ptmishment of drill .
Svstzcied Mubdeb at Middlesbosodgh . —Considerable excitement is at this time ( Thursday ) prevailing in this town , near Stockton-upon-Tees , in conseqnence of a belief , which is generally entertained , that a foul murder has been perpetrated , which is now involved in mystery . It appears that early on Tuesday morning Mr . Whorlton , a grocer , residing in Stockton-street , observed , as he was carrying the shutters of his shop into an adjoining passage , that the walls and floor were sprinkled with blood , and on a closer examination he found pieces of human hair clotted with blood . This at first excited his surprise , and afterwards aroused suspicion in bis mind , and he sent for the police-officers Ord and Elliott , who immediately requested the attendance of the medical gentlemen in the town . Their opinion was , that from the great quantity of blood which had been shed , the person muat iave
received considerable violence . Two women and a man , who live in a house near—a common brothelhave been taken into custody , bnt nothing has been elicited from them to explain the appearance of . the "blood and hair above referred to ; bat they are kept separate , and they prevaricate and contr ? diet each other eo ranch as to give colour to-the suspicions which are entertained . One of the women was also observed to wash some blood off the door-step at a very early hour in the morning , and to withdraw hastily into the house as fcoon as any one came within sight .- It appears that a person who intended to emigrate in a ship called the Lavin&is missing ; and the vessel sailed on Wednesday , leaving behind some property belonging to him . The river and other places have been examined , bnt the body has not been found . The most diligent inquiries are making on the subject , but np to the present time withoat success .
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1 > « j *^ L ^ ' SidiE f * intention to alter Sii « to
The G0yeen2aent Factoby Bill.
THE G 0 YEEN 2 AENT FACTOBY BILL .
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a- THE NORln »» 8 TI 4 3
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 29, 1843, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1210/page/3/
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