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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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AWFUL MURDERS IX IRELAND . Another Tipperart Mgkdeel— A man was found murdered , mi Thursday , in a grove mar Borrisokane The man ' s name is said to be Madden . Ue was shot m a plantation belonging t-i a gentleman named Stoney , raiding at Portland , near Borrisokane . OtlteT outrages have been reported at the Castle , and two {• roctamations issued , from one af which it appears that a man named John Pate , herd to Mr . Kflbert ^ Uomcs . was fired at on the evening of the 2 oth mt . as he was returning from the stable to his dwtlling-house . The shot , howevtr , missed its aim . The seco . d proclamation refers to a dreadful attack ( in Tippcrary ) made by an armed party , also on the night of the 25 th tilt . , on John Cawley , his wife , and sou , who were beaten sevcrelv ; the same party then proceeded to attack the house of Ellen Slattvry , and issued their mandate to give up her land , under the usaal penalty in case of non-compliance . Regards of £ CJ have been offered in Iwtu cases for the ajinreUetwon of the offenders .
Awfcl Mcrdeb sear Poktcm . ya . —On W ednesdar evening week , about five o ' clock , as a man named Madden , wlio was in the eiujiliyment of Mr . Stoney , of Portland , was goins home from his daily labour , lie was shot bv some assassin in a grove convenient to the entrance-gate to Mr . Stoney ' s house , near Portumna . The assassin , not satisfied with shooting his victim throug h the body , literally dashed his brains out with his own spade . —Ballina ; foe Advtrtitcr . AXOTHER MeKDEO . —SllRCKL , JaX . 27 . —A most barbarous and unpiovoked murder was committed in this locality on Tuesday , the 20 Ui ult . The victim was a poor unoffending man , who was returning from the market of Ileadtonl , where he had been to purchase for his
potatoes family , consisting of six small children . He was attacked ' at a short distance from Bailinasloe by five or six men , who beat him so severely that lie died on the Mowing Thursday . An inquest was held on the body on the following Friday aud Saturday , and was further a-. ijourncd to Thursday . It appeared from the evidence given before the coroner , that the party who committed the murder were beaten hy another faction , when they hastened In the direction for the purpose of taking vengeance , and this poor man being the first they met they murdered him without any provocation whatever . One or two other persons are likewise wid to be lying in atknuerous state from wouuds iuflictcd by the same party .
Murder sear Galwat . —An inquest was held at B-iIlinauiana on Thursday last , by Thomas Walsh , Esq ., coroner , assisted by T . j ? Kedington , Esq ., M . P . ; Thomas Lynch , Esq ., Lavally . J . P . ; Sub-Inspector Gavin , o : Gort , and Sub-Inspector Lynch , of Galway , on the body of Jaiucs Comber , of Ballinacourty . Several witnesses were vxamiued , and by their evidence it appeared that the deceased with others was drinking in Mullin ' s public-house , at Clarvnliridge , on Tuesday ; that a quarrel arose be . tween the parties in consequence of some eld dispute , lint no injury was doRe at the time . Shortly afterwards deceased , accompanied by three other men , left Clarenbridge , and proceeded towards the village of
Ea'liuueoiirty , where they resided ; on reaching the bridge of Bitiinainana they were attacked by a number of men , armed with spades and pitchfork handle * , ly whom they were struck . The three men that were in deceased ' s company ran away , and deceased ¦ was found soon after lvin * ou the road speechless . He was then removed to a house , where he died at about one o ' clock the next morning . Head Constable Rowan succeeded in arresting four of the accused namcJy . Michael Monaghan . Patrick Davuck , Patrick Fianaghan , and Thomas Flanaghan . A ter a very lengthened investigation , the jury returned a verdict in accordance with the facts above . —Galway Jkrcuru .
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ALLEGED INCEST AND CHILD MURDER . Coroxeu ' s Ixjlkst . —This extraordinary inquest « as resumed « n Monday , at the Morden Arms , Brand s'reet , Greenwich , before Mr . Carttar . Mr . Woo \ , of Bridge-street , Southwark , deposed to his attendance at the birth , of the child on the inorning of the IGth September , and subsequently in its illness , in a medical capacity . He described the cause of death as arising from miasmus , which nicans a genera ! wasting away ; it is b y some termed atrophy . The inflamed state of the mouth aud thro it did not excite suspicion , having seen children In that state before .
llenry Beaumont Lee-on , physician at St . Thorn s s Hospital , and lecturer on chemistrv , deposed that on Saturday last he received a sealed jar containing the remains of an infant . In the intestines , bnins , and viscera , decomposition had taken place , and had become a pasty mass , lie took the whole of this mass which he bailed in distilled water , Laving previously ascertained that the water was perfectl y pure . After boiling it for some time , he acidulated it with pure muriatic acid , and a « ain boiled it , conducting the operation in a porcelain vessel , aud then uttered U through new calico . Witness then submitted it to various tests , the principal made use of bein-i Reiusclie ' s test , that beins the most delicate test lor arsenic . A portion of the liquid
• witness thea mixed with an cqnal portion « f miriaticacid , and tikhiir a similar quantity of muriatic acid , mixed it with an equal quantity of distilled water as previously made use of . He then took two pieces of bright copper which had been csrefully cleaned in nitro su ' phuric arid . These two pieces he then boilel , the one in the distilled water an ! muriatic acid , and the otber in the liquid in vrhich the body Lad be-n boiled , the effect of which would be that if arsenic be present it would give to the copper a dark colour , similar to iron , but if no a-sonic be present the copper would remain comparatively clean and bright . ( Dr . Lcesnn prodaced the two piece * of copper , according precisely with the appearances stated above . ) This experiment witness
tepeatcd several times . Witness then took a piece of the copper so treated , and having cut it into slips , placed it in a tube of hard German $ iss . heatin « the tube and coj . ptr to a red heat . Tin ler these circumr tancfs witness expected to sublime the arsenic from ihe copper , and found it did so . obtaining on the gliss tube that , peculiar dark stain , indicating the presence of inttillic arsenic . The heat was then c mtiuued , ami as a small current of air was allowed to pa *? through the tube by so doinc the metallic arsenic was oxidated , and thus converted into arsenious acid or the common white arsenic of the shops . Witness then examined the white arsenical crust tbrou « h a microscope , and ascertained that it consisted of small octohedral crystal , peculiarly characteristic of arsenic
and confirmatory . Witness then took a small portion of distilled water , and boiled it in the tube to distil , to d . s-ulve tho arsenious acid . Haviu ^ thus obtained a solution he applied the usua liquid te > t < . Made u « j of ammonia nitrate of slver , which gave a light yellow precipitate ciianice-istic of aranioas acid . To another piitiiiti liea-Jdeil ammonia Milph . ite of copper , which gave a green precipitate , also characteristic of the presence nf .-ir . ei ! ic , and termed . " Schcelc ' s green . " riiiougii a thW portion passed a stream of sulphurated iiydmgeii , winch gave a yellow precipitate , also cmnrnwtory ot the presence of iron . Witness then toox a third piece of copper , coated as the last , which he placed « n an -ther gla < s tube , and heated it as before , and whilst so heated passed over it pure hydrofen ga * . which he i » niUfd at one end of the tube , infl tilled it
, holding over t ' . ie llame a small vessel of vrhite porcelain , on which was deposited a black spot , as in making u-aof Marsh ' s test , of which this is a tnodificitiop . Witness also applied his no 3 eto the end of the Jim tu'ie , and smelt the characteristic smell « f ar-cnic . Witness als < i subjected a ponion of the liquor t « the action « . f a galvanic battery , having a pule of platinum attached to the copper end of the battery , ami a piece of cle . ni copper to the zinc extremitr , w ilc- ' i outlined a silvery deposit of arsenic . Witness ' s impassion was , that in the poison he examin-d som -thing like ten grains of arsenic were prcstnt , iiwre than sufficient to cau « c death . Witness judged the quantity ihitn the ftciiitv with which lie fllrtainol the results . All th ; remains lmd lieen Jjo : ! cd down , except the legs and arms . It was impus > iblc for the child to survive after tho quantity of arsenic he had detected .
A ho-tot witJic « sw were snWqnently examined , but their evileiice was wroly comirmabiry . without tending to throw any additional lisht on this most m \ sten 4 us affair . The mom was then closed after the jury had sat utiwards of e ' even hours , and , after a short consultation , the inquiry was adjmirn <> d
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Suicide with Oil of Aluo . su . -. —un Monday Mr . W . W . C irtor h-ld an inquest at the Qu-en Cliar-1 -tte . M r = j' -nu- ' ridg-:, B-. tmim < l *; y , on the bnlv of Ln ^ y ll-hccei Uo i < J-. n . of 3 . MilIpou < Mreet . The deccft < id ' s nioiiier siated . tliat on San lay forenoon last decease 1 eimu down from her bdroMi ' i into witness ' s simp , and ajijieamg greatly excited , said , " Lave o tc : i said that I would du it , and now I ' have done it as la « . " Iler eyeg iiumedia'x'l y afterwards b-cmie swollen , and she foimed at the mouth . Jfedi -: il aid was rninoliately senr . for . Ims dcjea « cd
died iu abnit ttrentr tniuntcs . Mr . Clayton , ajxithecaiy . MilijiOud'StrcGt , said ha li . » , l knmvu leccased for some time lust , she having b-cn » regular enst imer of Irs . Un Thursday last he so'd to < leccascd 6 ime ratifrf , which cout-iins essential oil » f aimmids and on Sunday he sold her two . s-nali quantities of the same arti < l- . He ! m « l served her with some of thes : » : iii iireparaiio !! several tini . s daring the last three uianths , ; i ! id Ins always understood that she vanicl it f-u- flivoiiring sweetmesits . Verdict—• " Twn , nirtrr mental demugemunt . "
Fatal Acciuent . —Ou Sunday aftenrion , between the iui-irs i . f tour and fi r e , a fattl -wwli-iit ncc-irrctl un the rive-. - , iu ; arly under tin- centre of Hun ; -erford M-speu-i - « :-irhl e . Cu . tai : ! Wiiliams of the N . utli-»¦ : t ' fc' "" - " - l « Grays , who * . vet *; l is at present , Iviiigon h r . vxr . is : md Itainrti ' s straw-f .-hrirf , Belvidi . To-rH .-i , f .-i !» : « th , got int'i a sniai ! i , 3 at , tor the jmrp- > se ! .: " j ; r « i . vi-ding n . i the river , an > l liaving ses the sail , a su ' .-: t : ii jjiu-tof wind ! ilcw t «« b-mt « n one 6 !«! .-, % v <• : > it liilttil ami ovei-set ,-j . rcci ; i : taiiii ^ the uuf « rtu'i : a » - : i : n : i into tli-J river . Two youug men in-EtavtivrixM L-.-. v ; u-d-, the sj . or . and . suctccdcl in siivi ; :- ^ Vi .- h «! -, haz Captain Williams was carried away by the furce of the current , aud peri-slicd .
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FRAMEWORK KNITTERS' MOVEMENT . Leicester . —A public meeting of framework knitters was held ia the market-place , on Monday week ; Mr . Cliawner in the chair . The meeting was addressed bj Messrs . West » n , Buckley , Lucas , Wiuters , a « d Watts . The following resolutions ' and memorials were unanimously adopted : — t ' roposed by Mr . "Weston , seconded by Mr . Lucas : — " That this meeting authorises the committee to take such steps as they shall deem best for the abolition of the present system of frame-rents and charges , either by carrying the case iuto the Exchequer Chamoers before the judges , or before Parliament " rroposed hy Mr . Buckley , seconded by Mr . Lucas :-
That a memorial be addressed to Sir James Graham , Baronet , Secretary of State for the Home Department , setting forth the grievances of framework knitters , the combination of masters , the refusal of certain magistrates to conform to the law , and also the conduct of the general body of magistrates within the borough , in refusing to act where men work on the manufacturers ' premisef . " Mr . Winters proposed , aud Mr . Brawn seconded , the following memorial : To tie litgldffonouraUe Sir James Graham , Bart ., Secretary Of Stale for the Home Department . The Memorial of the framework knitters of Leicester , in public meeting assembled ,
Humbly Sheweth , —That your memorialists have been subjected , for a series of years , to a most unjust and oppressive system , not practised in any other trade or department of British manufacture , having to labour uiidersecond-hand masters , usually denominated bagmen , middlemen , or undertakers , who have been accustomed to keep secret , in many cases , to whom the goods manufactured by the workmen belong ; audfurther , that they hare generally divided a small amount of work amongst a larger number of workmen than they were authorised to do by the manufacturer , in order to exact more monej from the workmen's wages than the master manufacturer was acquainted with ; and further , the workmen were not enabled to know who their real employers were , or how much the manufacturers gave per dozen , thereby enabling the undertaker to reduce the real wages of the workmen to any extent , under one pretext or another , which is so ably shewn iu tke report of R . M . Muggeridge , Esq ., commissioner appointed by her Majesty to inquire ' into the condition of the framework knitters .
Tour memorialists beg to remind you that the Legislature , during the late session ' of Parliament , were so far convinced of the neceisity of destroying a system so much at variance with justice , that they unanimously passed an Act to put an end to the evils under which your memorialists labour , entitled , "An Act to make further regulations respecting the Tickets of Work to be delivered to persons employed in the manufactures of hosiery , in cer tain cases . " Sec . 8 th and 9 th . Viet ., c . 77 , provide , "That when any manufacturer of hosiery , or the agent of any such manufacturer , gives out to a workman the
materials to be wrought , such manufacturer or agent shall , at the same time , deliver to such workman a printed or written ticket , signed by such manufacturer , containing the particulars of agreemeut betwesu sueh manufacturer aud such workman , as ia the schedule to the Act annexed , aud such manufacturer or agent delivering sueh ticket shall make , or cause to be made , and shall preserve , until the work contracted to be done shall have been completed or paid for , a duplicate of sueh note or ticket . The 4 th clause provides for penalties aud costs ; the 8 th is the interpolation clause .
Your memorialists beg further to inform you , that the masters have entered into a combination not to comply , with the Act , and further state , they set it at defiancd , ' and that no man shall be employed in the town who is determined to carry the Act iuto execution . They further represent to you , that Thomas Stokes , John Biggs , James Hudson , Richard Harris , and John Moore , manufacturers of hosiery , and magistrates of this borough , are not complying with the Act , and evince a letermination not to do so , therefore setting a dangerous precedent to your memorialists , for breaking any law with impunity . Your memorialists further represent to you that the borough magistrates have decided they will not grant summonses where the workmen labour on the premises of the manufacturer ; thus setting at nought the laws of the land .
Your memorialists , therefore , pray you will institute an enquiry into the decisions of the said magistrates , by rtfcrringtBecasetoher Majesty ' s Solicitor-General , and that you will be pleased to dismiss from office the aforesaid Thomas Stokes , John Biggs , James Hudson , IMch-ird Harris , and John Moore , magistrates of this borough . Your memorialists further represent to you the usefulness of the said Act by informing you , that in one case where the ticket was delivered , a fraud of 7 s . 4 d > was detected , which , heretofore , ; has been a custom with the bag-hosier to take the said amount from the wages of the workman , without the consent or knowledge of the manufacturer .
Your memorialists , therefore , pray you will take this memorial into your consideration , and your memorialists , as la duty bound , will eter pray .
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IMPORTANT MEETING OF MASONS AT LIVERPOOL . On Tuesday evening , the 20 th ult ., a meeting of the operative masons of Liverpool , was held at the Concert Hall , Lord Nelson-street , pursuant to a notice by placard emanating from the General Committee of Management of the Friendly Society of Operative Masons , to take into consideration whether it would be better to seek a rise of wages or a redaction in the hours of labour . At eight o ' clock the galleries presented a goodly assemblage of respectably-clad mechanics , and there was also a tolerable muster in the body of the hall . Altogether , there were between 600 and 700 persons present . Mr . G . Oodson was elected to the chair .
Mr . Carter , the C . C . secretary of the society , in rising to propose the first resolution , said—The question to te asked this evening is , I believe , whether an advance of wages or a reduction of our hours of labour will be ef the most permanent benefit to the masons of Liverpool . I hold in my hand a resolution which proposes that a reduction of our hours of labour to nine hours per day , will be of the most permanent beneSt . The first point for consideration in this great question is the present system , and how that system affects the trade generally . My opinion is that the great grievance of our trade at the present time is that of surplus labour . What I mean bj surplus labour , fellow workmen , is that we have too many of our trade travelling in search of employment ; and we have to make provision for those that are so travelling ,
and to support them during the time they are out of employment . When I tell you that the provision we have had to make for this object alone , during the laat seven years , has nearly averaged £ 1000 per year , it must be plain that some alteration is necessary . There are somewhere about 8000 masons in England ; of that number 2000 are only partially 1 mployed throughout the year . Let the * e 6000 masons , that we suppose may be regularly employed , give up one hour per day , and constant employment would be realised for 600 of those now or . l y partially employed . The grand question now is , are you , the masons of Liverpool , prepared to give up this one hour per day for the benefit of your less fortunate fellow-men , or whether you intend to demaud more wages than you receive at the present time and work the same hours !
By giving up one hour you will be conferring a benefit upon a class of men thatare only partially employed , and from time to time wandering fro-n place to place . Employmen ; they ought to have , food they mu 6 t have . By demanding an advance of wages and working the same honrs , you leave them in the same state , and it is a state that few would like to occupy . Tl < e best way to raise the price of labour is to r educe the hours of labour ; for if you get as much for nine as you now have for ten , you realise an advance on your labour . The practicability of the plan I shall propose is a matter that requires to be consider *! . I have not the least doubt but few-employers uiil be found who will not raise objections to the reduction of the hours of labour , but will they tell you these objectioHS ? Certainly not . We may listen to a demand
for more wages , say they , during the 6 ummer , whereas if we allow you to have your hours reduced in the summer , we have no chance to lengthen them in the winter , the only time we cuu take advantage of you . Sow this should be known to every mason , that in winter , when the dayn are short , we have all our battles to fight , by way of protecting those priudples we have at other times esta . Wished ; and if we can succeed in reducing the hours of labour in summer , it must be a permanent benefit to the trade from generation to generation . Now , let us take another view of this question ; let us consider how the present long hour system affects the health and constitution of the mason ; and let us see whether , by shortening these hours , gome improvement will not be made in that direction . It is a well-known fact that the average age of regularly employed masons does not exceed forty years , the average duration of life in other out-door
employments is from fifty to sixty years , ( f we work one hour a day less we shall certainly escape a certain amount of injury to our constitutions , besides having more time for r . creative exercise and the improvement of our mental faculties . Wherever any trade or labour produces a bad effect on the health and constitution of man , it ought at once to demand the attention of those who have it in their power to atter such a grievauce . Mr . Carter concluded by moving the following resolution : — " That it is am opinion of this meeting , the condition of the masons of Qngland is such as requires considerable improvement , both morally , mentally , and physically ; and we are of opinion that a reduction of the hours of labour in the summer months to nine hours per day , is better calculated t « etWtt such impnivements , than an advance of wages ; and pk-dge ourselves to use our utmost exertions to carry it into effect . " ( Much appUuse . )
Mr . John Armstrong seconded the resolution . He said : We are mere machines ; we toil from sunrise to sunset , we go to sleep , we rise agaiu to toil , aud then go to sleep again ; this , fellow workmen , is a fact that no liouest ma : i will attempt to controvert . To secure the uiust permanent benefit , let us have a reduction in the hours of labour . Employers would rather give us an advance of wages during the summer , but at the back cad < jf the year lUey come and stop the Work , saying , in the summer the da \ s are long , and we can get as manv men as we want . Some parties of an avaricious disposition inisut wish to grasp the extra pay , but by reducing the hours of work in the summer , we shall take awav iUi pita from the employers , and therebv secure plenty of employment in the winter . It has been stated by the last speaker that the lives of masons are shorter than the
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lives of men iu other trades . I am aware it is the case , I have seen young men go off very quickly . What is the cause ? The cause is hard labour . For one thing , tramping about the country looking for employment , but the most predominant cause is disease of the chest . When a mason comes to about forty years of agt , he ia generally troubled with a cough—he goes to a medical man and tells his case—the doctor shakes his head and bhji , well , my man , I have had several cases of this sort , it is the masons' disease ; all I can do for you is to give you some temporary relief—something to ease your breast .
Three-fourths of the masons die about their fortieth year , leaving their wives and families in poverty . Another thing ; this shortting the hours of labour wi'l , of course , raise the labour market , If the labour is equalised properly , you would nearly all be fully employed , and when employed , would get good wages . ¦ When wages fall , it is because labour is too abundant : make lahour scarce , and wages rise . It is an indisputable fact that when any article gets scarce it rises in value—so it will be with the labour of masons ; and not only with masons , for if other trades would do the same , the liko results would follow .
Mr . Steadman said : What bod y of men administered more generally to the comforts of societ y than those of the building department ; and , therefore , when we compare the remunerating prices which are given to that uV nartment with the remuneration given in thegovernment departments , as the excise &c , where those employed work only from eight tillfour , receiving at the very lowest estimate 4 s . per week more than any mason who works ten hours per day—more than you who have administered so much more by your efforts to the comforts of society . In France , the hours of labour , I am credibly informed , are much fewer than we have to work here . I have also been informed that artizans in France have
better cultivated minds ; that they are better workmen at their business , as the structures which they erect in France testify ; nor is there any couutry in tho universe where they work so many hours as in Great Britain . " It must be very praiseworthy that we are so very fond of work—that it never tires us—that we are quite willing to work as many hours as we do ! But if you go to Germany , to Russia , to France , to Spain—there you will find cleverer working men than in England , with all our Mechanics' Institutions ; and why ? Because working men in England hav « not sufficient time to gain the knowledge they ought to have . How feu- of us go to Mechanics ' Institution !! how few in this assembly ! Wo have no
time after our day ' s labour is done , but forsleep . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Davis ( a compositor ) being culled upon by the chairman , said—Whem any person , not a mason , not a mechanic of any sort , casts his eyes around him , and news the stately buildings which everywhere meet his gaze , what must be the reflections of his mind % I conceive they should be something lik « this , " Surely , if . the promoters of this question—men born iu God ' s owu image—are the erectors of these buildings , surely they are worthy of our consideration , for their works command our admiration . " But it is a source of regret in my mind , that when these monuments of your skill are being viewed and descanted upon in all their beauties , a thought for the actual rearers of them is seldom excited . There is
no person of rank or wealth comes forward now , as was the cage when the shopkeepers' assistants held their meetings here and in the metropolis for the same object—to shorten the hours of labour . There , rank and fashion crowded the elevated seats ; but we , on this occasion , hard-working individuals , meet with no sympathy from the Upper and middle classes . It is nil very well for them to say , " we have promoted the formation of Mechanics ' Institutions for your instruction and recreation , " but it appears to me to be idle folly to talk about the benefit of Mechanics' Institutions to mechanics , when the working man cannot have the time allowed him to attend them . I have little doubt that if the question of shortening the 'Hours of labour should ever succeed , it will be productive of bringing about the social regeneration of society ; and
I look forward confidently to the time when a more suitable intercourse shall be established between man and man . A great deal has been said respecting the advantages of union , and truly , as I can confirm and testif y ; and you will find , that unless you are united in perse . vering for the object you are now met for—to shorten the hours of labour—unless you attend to this fact , you will be unable to conquer the difficulties that surround you ; but if you will only become anti . mouopolists—if you will not monopolise too much labour yourselves—you will have more time for intellectual pursuits , aud afford work to numbers of your body who may be in want of the necesiaries of life . Too much monopoly of labour exists in my own trade : many exerting all their physical ener . gies to satisfy the caprice of a master , aud leaving to
others a very small amount of labour indeed ; men , perchance , as clevtr though not aa fortunate—men labouring under the severest privations , having , like themselves , affectionate wives and tender children . In conclusion , I offer this remark for your consideration , and I hope every man will let it constitute the primary and chief elements of his being , —From this night , and from henceforth , we are determined to signalise ourselves in Liverpool by our endeavours to shorten the hours of labour . ( Cheers ' ) The resolution was then put to the meeting by the chairman , and carried unanimously . Mr . John Carlylerose to propose the second resolution : — " That in order to carry out the spirit of the resolution just passed , effectually , it is necessary that a good understanding should exist between every member of the trade ; and to effect this , it is essential that all who are not members of the Masons' Society should enter it aa early as possible , and that a committee be appointed by that society to convey our intentions to the employers of
Liverpool and its vicinity . " The previous speaker has alluded to the attention bestowed to the claims of the shopkeepers ' assistants by persons of rank and wealth . We have them not hert to back our demand ; perhaps they think we can advocate our own point , because our sun-burnt faces and sinewy arms shew that n-e are the true sons of toil ; they leave us to ourselves—they have not the least doubt but we can fight the battle nobly . We have began well » nd let us go on . We are progressive beings . If any fall in the struggle , to use a military phrase , the others must close up . The battle is begun , aud must not be ended without a glorious victory , and I now appeal to those who are not members of our society in support of my resolution , and I wish to gain it all the support I possibl y can . I kaow there are some here who are not membsrs of our society , but I exchange the hand of friendship with them . ( Cheers . ) Now let us take one another by the hand , and assist in the goodly work to carry out the principles of the resolutions you have passed . To effect thii , it is essential that all here who are net members of our
union , should enter it as soon as possible , Mr . John Seaton , in seconding this resolution said , — . see by this great meeting of fellow-workmen , that we are prepared to protect ourselves . There are men here that , no doubt , before the union was established , recollect the position which masons were in , in England . You will recollect the tvstem of persecution pursued by masters . If one employer discharged a man , another refused to employ him—not because labour was scarce , but for fear we should get from them that power which had so long confined us in chains—that power that dragged the poor Dorchester labourers from their homes , from their wives and families , and sent them from their native land , because they dared to raise their heads and unite together as men—because they dared to seek their owu protection , and refued to become the willing slaves of tyrants , >
Mr . John Gibson : Mr . Chairman and fellow-workmen , much has been said about the hard labour of masons ; other countries have been referred to ; and it ic plain that we , the people < -f Great Britain , are the hardest worked and worst paid of any people on the face of the globe . Some talk of the necessity of legislative enactments , differ from this opinion altogether . No good will be got by the working man from any Masters' or Servants' Bill , It would be just the sort of a bill , that if you overslept yourself a quarter ot an hour , they would just very pleasantly tell you , you had lost a quarter ; and if you neglected your work , they would just send you for three months into quod , or for any other misbehaviour . But I could never find out what was misbehaviour , there are so many sorts of it . ( Laughter . ) With respect to some of the benefits of union , I will just tell you , that from the latter end of 1889 to the close of 1845 , we paid for accldeutsto members of our society , £ 1614 19 s . Gd . ; and let me tell you , that we should have had five times that
amount to pay to widows of masons killed by accident , if all had belonged to our society . Only a few weeks ago , a masou in Yorkshire was smashed to atoms by sheer accident ; that man had just been too late in Joining our ae . sociation , and the consequence is , he is not entitled , and he has l » ft a wife and seven orphan children who must go t <> the workhouse . We know not what a day nor an hour may bring forth , and it is best to begin at once . In the . elief of tramps , for the last ten years , we have paid just £ 10 , 000 ; but in one year alone , when the distress in the couutry was great , we paid near £ 2000 to our members who were in search of employment . For sick and funeral expenses , we have paid £ G 000 since the amalgamation of our funds in 1840 . Now , when we consider these advan . tajjes , it becomes every mason to join our union—it becomes every mason in Liverpool to attend their ledgeroom * , to discuss the value of their association , to declare with bold front , that they are determin « d to be great glorious , and free . '
The Chairman having again read th « resolution , it was put to the meeting and carried with acclamation . A vote of thanks to the Chairman was then passed , and the meeting broke up in the most peaceful manner
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The Spitaifields WtAVBRS . — OrrosrriO H TO THE Tarim- or Sir It . Peel . —On Saturday night , At eight o ' clock , a numerous meeting of the Spitalfields hand-loom weaver * union was held at the Crown and Anchor , Waterloo Tavern , Bethnal-green , in . consequence ef the proposed measures of Sir It . Teel in reference to the silk trade , when a report was presented from the council , recommending th « propriety of a general meeting of the trade to petition the legislature against the plans of her Majesty ' s government . Mr . Gurnell having taken the chair , read the circular which had been issued by the council of the union . It was as follows : —Fellow work men . Sir Robert Peel intend * to reduce the duties on fori
egn-wrought silk , at an average of two-thirds of the present duties He will give the foreigner every oppor ! unity of ruining your trade by the removal of your p ro tecnon . The reduction of silk contemplated by goverT ment ik a deadly blow aimed at our vital tatereitt Tnn . " SSsHSr—S ^" = 5 S rt ™ rrill h ^ , > aUd p 0 Verly ' ""**•*»„ . a «< l deluded b « y 0 V oom Suff « r yourselves to be deluded ^ the ory of "Ch . ap bread ! " Remember that
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white bread is but one halfpenny per lb . in Saxony , yet the poor weavers of that country tastes it only as a luxury , judge for yourselves . Protection , comfort , and proiperitr , or free trade , continental wages , and tho infernal bastile . —Mr . Bury , on the part of tho council , stated that the members seeing the scale or duties intended to be put on the importation of forei gn silks , were convinced that the induction was so serious as to call for some immediate steps to be taken by the weavers to offer the mast strenuous and determined opposition to the measures of the government . He had no hesitation in saying that if the plans of Sir R . Puel should be carried iuto effect , the trade of Spitalfields would be destroyed ( hear , hear ) . The council have , therefore , come to the determination to call the trade together as soon as possible , to show to Sir R , Peel and the free-traderB that the propositions of the government would tend to their irretrievable ruin ( hear , hear ) . It would be impossible for them to
compete with the foreign manufacturers until the weavers were reduced to the diet of the Germans and Saxonsblack bread , herrings , and potatoes . They had now a chance of support , as the landed interest were at length looking out at the danger of the state of the country ( hear , hear ) . The trades throughout the country ought to come forward while there was a hope . Their cause was that of labour throu ghout the world . He trusted that when the trade met they would come to some spirited resolutions , and get a petition , numerously signed , to show to the government that they will notyield without a most determined struggle ( henr , hear ) . Several speakers followed , who dwelt on the distress that must ensue if the English artisan had to complete with the foreign producer , without being protected by duties ; and the meeting concluded , by adopting tbe suggestions of the council , the members of which were authorised to take the necessary steps for the attainment of the object in view .
Another Meeting of the Bboad-silk Handloom Weaverb of Spitaifieids was held on Wednesday evening , at seven o ' clock , at the French Chapel , Brown ' s . lane , Spitalfields , for the purpose of considering the ruinous tariff of Sir Robert Peel , and of agreeing to a petition to Parliament against that measure , Mr , D < j la Force In th « chair . Mr . Poyton moved the first resolution , and ob . served that the proposition of the government would tend to reduce the wages of tho silk operatives both in England and in France , ( Hear . ) He saw no alternative but the entire ruin of the working classes , as it would be impossible for them to earn a livelihood . An argument for the proposed tariff was , that in consequence of the high duties smuggling is encouraged ; but he did not be . lieve that there were foreign silks , contraband , imported
into this country to the extent stated . But if Sir It . Peel has that kindly feeling towards the working classes that he professes to have , why does he not repeal the duty upon those articles in which he knew there was a very large smuggling trade carried on . ( Hear . ) Why does he not take the duty off tobacco , which is extensively consumed by the working classes ? and it was well known that many tons of tobacco every year were smuggled , by which the revenue was defrauded J ( Hear . ) But he will not do that . They might , therefore , look upon the measure against the silk trade as one pregnant with the greatest misfortunes to that neighbourhood . ( Hear , ) Mr . Bury , who seconded the resolution , said that not above one-fourth of the silk produced in France was manufactured in that country . It was well known that since the tariff of Sir Robert Peel had been announced ,
some of the manufacturers had begun to lower their wages ; and he had been informed that a few had already gone to France for the purpose of purchasing the manufactures of that country . He then referred to the tariff , and concluded by expressing a hope that the meeting would give their unanimous support to the resolution , ( Cries of "No . " ) Mr . Hackman moved an amendment , "That this meeting do not feel it necessary to Interfere in the proposition before Parliament , Mr . Melpress seconded the amendment . Messrs . Vaudome , Sherrard , Gale , Moore , &c , &c , addressed the meeting , when , on the question being put , the amendment was lost . Theother resolutions were severally moved and seconded , which , with the petition , were adopted . The following are copies of the resolutions and petition : —
" 1 . That we , the operative broad-silk weavers of S pitalfields view with alarm and indignation the sweeping , unjust , and injurious reductions proposed by Sir R . Peel in his new tariff , relative to the duties on foreign wrought silk , and having had already a long and direful experience of the want of proper protection , we feel assured that the contemplated reduction will be attended with the most ruinous consequenies to the silk manufactures of this country , tterefore we feel it our duty to resist the same by every'legal and constitutional means in our power , " 2 , That as one of the means for preventing Sir Robert Peel's intended reduction , we resolve to petition both Houses of Parliament to allow the protective duties on foreign wrought silks to remain at least as they now are , and to render the punishment of smuggling more severe .
" 3 . That as decreasing wages and increasing rent render cheap food desirable , yet stern duty and justice for . bid us to join in the present silly and crafty cry of' cheap bread , ' because unerring experience convinces us that that cry is got up for the purpose of delusion , and that the working classes of this country may be reduced to the miserable and disgusting level of the continental la . bourer ; therefore , as another means of resisting the diabolical intentions of Sir R , Peel , we resolve to obtain , if possible , by the assistance and co-operation of till classes , the just protection of British industry . " The following is a copy of the petition : — " To tlte Ettnourable Oie Common * of Ote iWttfid Kingdom of Great Britain and Inland , in Parliament assembled . " The petition of the operative broad-silk handloom wearers of Spitalfields ,
" Humbly showeth—That your petitioners view with alarm and apprehension , not unmingled with deep regret , the sweeping , and to their minds injurious , reductions proposed ia the new tariff , relative to the duties on fereign wrought silk . That your petitioners beg to remind your honourable house that they have for a period of twent y years too frequently . experienced severe distress , arising from a want of greater protection to trade . That it has as frequently been their painful duty to apply to the go . vernment and the Parliament on the subject . That the very long aiu' direful experience of the past may well cause your petitioners to apprehend that the contemplated reduction will be attended with the most distressing and ruiuous consequences to the wholo of the operative silk , weavers in the United Kingdom .
" That fearing these consequences , the common senBe of your petitioners will not allow them to put any faith in the reckless and cruel assertion that the reduction of the amount levied on silk duties will not interfere with any domestic interests . That tke admission which has been made by high authority , relative to the facility with which the immoral practice of smuggling is now carried on in the United Kingdom is , in tho opinion of your petitioners , a fruitful cause of much of the distress which is often experienced by them , and that they humbly conceive that common justice demands that the punishment of the detected smuggler , the deliuquent revenue officer , and the highway robber should be equally severe . That , as the present decreasing wages and tho increased rental of the miserable hovels in which very many of your petitioners reside , render cheap food desirable , yet sacred justice forbids your petitioners to join in the ompty cry of
' cheap bread , ' because experience has convinced them that bread never can be cheap to those whose wages arc rendered by the cupidity of capitalists inadequate to procure itia sufficient quantities , and because they believe that the cry for untaxed food has been got up by the grasping portion of the master manufacturers , merchants , and shopkeepers for the purpose of deluding tho public , enriching themselves , and reducing the working classes to the miserable and disgusting level of the continental labourer . Therefore your petitioners humbl y pray your honourable house to regard the prayer of their petitien , and prevent , by the exercise of jour wisdom , the dii . tresses and tears of your petitioners , by making a law which will greatly prevent , by more severely punishing , the immoral practice of smuggling , and by not passing into a law the rigorous reductions proposed in the n « w tariff relative to the duties on forei gn wrought silks , aad your petitioners , as in duty bound , will ever pray . "
Thanks were voted to the ^ hairman , and the meeting broke up , National United Association of Trades fob the Protection of Industry . —The Central Committee met at the Trades Office , 30 , Hyde-street , Bloomsbury , on Monday . February 2 nd ; T . S . Duncombe , M . P ., in thechair . Letters were read from Mr . Dickinson , Orrell , Derby , shire , giving in the adhesion of the nail makers of that district , amounting to 200 men . From Mr . Brown , containing the adhesion of the block printeis of Paisley . From Mr . Blundell , Wimslow , containing the adhesion of 450 hand-loom weavers , and the first month ' s contribution , From Mr . Goulding , of Manchester , announcing the
determination of the small-ware weavers of Middleton to join the Associated Trades . From Mr . Naylor , Halifax , announcing the determination of the weolcombers of that district , 5 , 000 in number , to join the United Trades FromjMr . Teer . on behalf of the dressers and d yers of Man ! Chester , 700 in number , containing the following resolution passed at a general meeting of their body — » That this meeting fully approve the judicious course taking by the Central Committee of the Association for the Protection of Labour , with reference to supporting strips , and llODO that tho same wisdom will g » iUe their futnw « ffft » ta » tato ^^ tf , ^*^*; th « adkesion of the entire bod y . «« uuuuting
Iharfeet Jfntejitgmxe
iHarfeet jfnteJItgmxe
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London Corn Exchange , Monday , Feb . 2 . — During last week the arrivals of English wheat , oats , beans , peas , and flour were on a very limited scale , put those of barley and malt were considerably on the increase . Of Irish and Scotch grain the receipts were unusually scanty , but those of foreign wheat were full average ones for the time of year . Fresh up to-day , a fair quantity of wheat came to hand coastwise from Kent , but the supplies from Essex . Cambridgeshire , and all other quarters , were small , and of very middling quality . Theattendance of both town and country buyers being large , and the supply ot wheat of home growth by no means equal to tlieir wants , the demand for that description of produce was somewhat active , at an advance in the currencies paid on this day se ' nnight of from Is . to 2 s . ner nimr .
ter , and at which a gooclclearance was effected by the factors . Still , ^ however , the market did not close very firmly . The show of free foreign wheat was by no means large . Holders were very firm , and would not sell in many instances except at higher figures , lime were submitted to in but few instances ; hence we cannot consider the quotations more than Is . per quarter above those of last week . Bonded wheat was very steady , yet we can make no alteration in the currencies . In all other grain under lock next to nothing was doing , yet we can notice no alteration in value , lie supply of English barley being very large , the bswley trade was extremely dull . The best malting duality was held at late rates : hut all nMiw
kinds suffered a decline of fully Is ., and , in some instances , 2 s . per quarter . We had a large quantity of malt on offer , owing to which the sale was very heavv , and prices had a downward tendency . Notwitii . standing the 1-mited supplies of oats brought forward , tnlfi . a » r « f from raost of thedeulers refusing to purchasem theabsenceof the supplies now on their way lutber from Ireland , met a very dull ite it prices about equal to those of last wee ^ The how of beans was not to say large , yet the demand was other kinds were a mere drug . In flour exceedingly little was doing , at last week ' s prices . The seed 3 cake markets were in a very inactive state CURRENT PRICES OF GRAIN , FLOUR , AND SEED
IN MARK-LANE . BBITISII QBAW . Wheat - jfc *? - ^^» w- i ^ ! r i 8 S 7 i JJIuO , red „ - 44 » , ;| . r , , ,, Suffolkand Wolk ( rcd .. i 8 VswniteSO 63 Lincoln and \ ork , red .. 48 58 white 40 63 Rye Northurab . aud Scotch ... 48 61 Barley „ Mailing " . ' . ' " " 30 83 extra S - Distilling 20 2 'j Grinding 23 26 Malt .. Ship fi 8 67 Ware S !) 61 Oats „ Lincolnshire and Yorkshire , feed , 23 s Od to 25 s Od ; potato , or short , 23 s Od to 28 s Od ; Poland , Ms Gd to 28 s Od ; Northumberland and Scotch , Angus , 23 s Od to 27 s Od ; potuto , 25 s Od to ' - ' 7 s Od ; Irish feed , 22 s Od to 24 s Ud ; black , 22 s 6 d to 24 s Od ; potato , 23 s Odto 2 « s ed ; Galway , 21 s Od to 22 s Od . Beans .. Ticks ss til
Harrow , small ., „ 40 40 Peas .. White 37 43 boilers 44 48 Gray and hog „ „ 33 37 Flour „ Nortolk and Suffolk .. 45 51 Town-made ( per sack of 2801 bs ) 48 57 Buckwheat , or Brank 30 82
EN 8 LI 8 H SEEDS , < EC . Red clover ( per cwt . ) 40 to 70 White clover ( per cwt . ) 45 74 Rapesccd ( per last ) ., ,. , £ 26 28 M tolTs d SCcd ' 1 ) rown ( l bushel ) 7 s t 0 12 s : whi 'e , 7 s Tares , ( per bushel ) , spring , t ; s . . winter , 5 s . to Us . Cil . Luiseed cakes ( per luoo of 31 b eacli ) . fill to £ 12
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FOBEIGN GBAIN . Shillings per Quarter Free . in fl ond . Wheat .. Dantsicand Konigsberg 63 extra 70 .. w _ , Ditto ditto .. 54 - Gl .. 4 , ; __ 52 Pt > merantan , < fcc ., Anhalt 56 — G 3 .. 4 c — a Danish , Holstein , &c . .. 51 — 61 .. 44 - . 50 Russian , hard .. » —
Ditto , soft .. » 55 — 58 .. 41 — 50 Spanish , hard .. .. — Ditto , soft .. « 68 - 62 .. 46-S It : ilian , Tuscan , &c , red — Ditto , white . v .. 63 - 69 .. 41 ) _ go Odessa&Taganro& hard — Ditto , soft .. » 53 — 08 ., 41 - 51 ) Canadian , hard .. . 58 — 60 Ditto , fine .. -68 - 60 Rye . Russian , Prussian , &c . 28 — 30 Barla .. Grinding . .. .. .. 23 - 26 __
Ditto , distilling .. .. 25 — 30 .. 18 — 28 Oats .. Dutch , feed .. .. 22 — 26 Ditto , brew and thick .. 24 — 27 „ 20 — 21 Russian .. « « 23 - 25 .. 19 - > Danish & Mecklenburg 23 — 26 .. ] !)_ 21 Beans „ Ticks , 33 to 38 , small .. 36 — 41 .. 28 - 3 « Egyptian 34 - 30 .. 2 b _ 30 Peas .. White , 36 to 50 , gray .. 38 — 40 Flour .. Dantsic and Hamburgh ( per barrel ) , fine 31 36 , superfine .. .. 32 — 35 .. 2 fi - 2 » Canada , 33 to 34 , United States 32 — 36 .. 27 — 30 Buckwheat 3 0 — 32 .. 24 — 26
FOBEIGN 8 EEDS , iiC . Per Quarter . Linseed .. Petersburgh and Riga ( free of duty ) .. U to 47 Archangel , 40 to 45 , Meinel and Konigsberg .. 40 47 Mediterranean , 40 to 48 , Odessa .. 47 59 Rapesecd ( free of duty ) per last .. .. £ 21 26 lied Clover ( lf ) s per owt . and 5 per cent , on the duty ) 40 02 White ditto .. 45 68 Tares , small spring ( free of duty ) 40 to 44 , large .. 44 50 Unseed cake ( free of duty ) , Dutch , £ 7 , 10 s , £ a French , per ton £ 810 , J 69 10 Rape cakes ( free of duty ) £ 5 0 £ 5 5
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AVERAGE PRICES Of the last six weeks , which regulate the Duties from the 2 Uth of January to the 4 tu of February . ~~~ Wheat Barley Oats . , Iiye . Beans | Peas . Week ending 8 ' d ' 8 ' d " Sl d > 8 " d " 8 ' " s ^ Dec . 20 , 1845 .. 57 11 32 7 23 4 j 34 5 39 6 42 5 Week ending I Dec . 27 , 1845 .. 65 4 32 5 23 0 32 8 38 6 39 10 Week ending Jan . 3 , 1815 .. [ 55 1 31 11 22 3 33 6 37 9 39 1 Yfeek ending ) Jan . 10 , 1845 .. ! 56 3 31 10 21 9 33 11 36 8 38 11 Week ending ! Jan . 17 , 1815 .. I 5 S 2 31 11 22 3 34 9 36 9 39 i Week ending Jan . 24 , 1815 .. 55 7 31 8 2110 37 8 36 1 30 8 Aggregate aver . age of the lust six weeks .. 5 C 1 32 1 22 5 31 6 37 6 39 4 London aver . ages ( ending Jan . 27 , 1845 ) 61 5 32 1 22 5 34 C 37 6 39 4 Duties .. .. 10 0 C 0 6 01 8 6 5 C 3 fi
Lonbon Smithfield Cattib Market , Monday , Feb . 2 . —The past week ' s importations of foreign stock for our market have consisted of 80 cows , 51 oxen , 440 sheep , and 30 pigs , from Rotterdam , together with 13 oxen , 96 cows , and 219 sheep from Harlingcn . At the outports very few imports have taken place , while we had on sale here to-day about 60 beasts and 100 sheep frem Rotterdam . Although this stock was by no means first-rate , the sale for it was active , at higher currencies , and at which the whole was disposed of . From our own grazing districts the arrivals of beasts fresh up this murning were very limited , but of fair average quality . The attendance of buyers being large , the beef trade was active , at an advance in the prices obtained on this
day se'nnightof from 2 d . to 4 d . per 81 bs ., the primest Scots readily producing 4 s . 6 d . per 8 lbs . The droves from Norfolk , Suffolk , Essex , and Cambridgeshire consisted of 500 Scots and shorthorns . From the northern districts 600 shorthorns , from the western and midland TOO llevefords , runts , Devons , &c , and from other parts of England 400 of various breeds came to hand . The numbers of sheep were unusually small , or about 19 , 000 less than were exhibited at the corresponding markeWay _ last year . The mutton trade was consequently brisk , at a further improvement in the quotations of from 2 d . to 4 d . per 8 lbs Lambs sold freely , at 7 s . per 8 lbs . for the best quali . ties . Calves was in short suppl / and ready inquiry at very full prices . In pigs a full average amount ot business was doing ; at late rates .
By the quantities of 81 b ., sinking the offal . T r ¦ B . d . 8 . d Inferior coarse beasts , , , 2 10 3 Second quality ... t 3 4 3 Prime large oxen , . , 3 10 4 Prime Scot s , &c . , , ... 42 4 (; Coarse inferior sheep ... 4 0 4 ( j Second quality , ., 484 Prime eoarse woolled , , , 00 5 2 Prime Southdown ... 5456 Large coarse calves .... 4 S 5 i Prime small . . , . , 5 < $ 5 8 Suckling ealves , each . . . 18 0 31 0 Large hogs 3 10 4 6 Neat small porkers , .. 4852 Quarter-old store pigs , each . 16 0 22 »
BEAD OF CATTLE ON SALE . ( From the Books of the Clerk of the Market . ) Beasts , 2 , 450-Sheep , 16 , 080-Calves , 61-Pigs , 310 . Tailow . —Prices in the London market during the week declined 6 d . to 9 d . per cwt . for Russian . Home made in request at 42 s . 6 d . to 43 s . nett cash . Richmond Corn Market , January 31 . —We had a large supply of grain in our market to-day , but some of the samples were very bad . W heat sold from 5 s . Od . to 9 s . ; oats , 2 s . 8 d . to 3 s . 6 d . ; barley , 4 s . to 4 s . 3 d . ; beans , 5 s .. to 6 s . 3 d . per bushel . Birmingham Corn Exchange , Wednesday . —During the present week the wheat trade has ruled dull , but farmers and dealers were not disposed to accept lower rates . Malting barley a slow sale , and second . ary qualities rather lower . Oats and beans held for last week ' s- prices . The announcement of the government measure caused no alteration in the value of wheatjjat Wolverhampton this day .
Mancuestek Corn Market , Saturday , Jan . 31 Since our last report no material change has occurred in the state of our market , the business doing in flour throughout the week having again been limited to tho purchases made by necessitous buyers for the supply of their immediate wants ; whilst for oats and oatmeal a moderate demand was experienced from consumers . At our market this morning few transactions occurred in wheat , and we repeat the currency of this day week for all descriptions . Flour met a , slow sale , and any but the very choicest qualities hare been purchased on rather easier terras , mere was but little inquiry for oats , and this article must be noted the turn cheaper . Oatmeal , on the SSSvSlf 8 teady requcst ' fully supportcd
Wakepisld Corn Market , Friday , Jah . 30 . —We have to report good supplies of all grain . There was ^ T ^ i do ^ usin , ess on tllc P ° f " ««• miller * , now that the intention of Ministers on the Corn Laws is known , and we had a good inquiry for all descriptwns of wheat , at tolly last week ' s prices . Barlev of heavy quality sold at a slight advance . Common sorts m slow request . Beans scarce and a trifle dearer . Oats and shelling each met with a fair demand , without alteration in value . Malt firm , and Newcastle Corn Market , Tuesday . —We had only a moderate supply of wheat at this day ' s market from the farmers , as well as small arrivals coastwise for which the trade ruled firm at last Saturday's rates Barley met a very slow sale , although there was less offering than of late . The inquiry for malt was entirely conhned to the finest qualities . Rve barley supported its _ pnce . Oats were lookine rather domr .
ueans and other grain sold on similar terms to last ktf «/ S "K * ™* Httle attention , even at our late reduced quotations . Hull Corn Market , TuusDAt .-Owing to the conm ~ f ? rtiUn , ty f t 0 the Proposed Ministerial measures , there has been little or no business passing in any branch of the trade during the past week . At to-days market we had only a small farmers ' supply ; and our millers being rather free buyers , we w « te the market fullyasdenr aslastweek . Foreign wneat held firmly . In spring corn nothing doing . unseed , and also linseed cakes , easier to buy . Rape cakes , ar 6 scarce . We have next ts no business passing either in bones or guano .
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Singular Case of Lock-Jaw . —On Monday , Mr . Wakley , M . P ., held an inquest at the University College Hospital , upon Vincent Laurence Noel , aged seven years , the son of Mr . Noel , ornamental painter , Napier-street , City-road . The deceased attempted to leap upon a brewer ' s sledge , drawn by ono horse , nnd in so doing lie loll between the girdons of tho sledge , and was dragged some distance before the driver observed his perilous situation . Upon being released . it was found that he had received no injury beyond a lacerated wound which penetrated to tho bono of the knee-joint . The wound went on favourably , and no bad symptoms betrayed themselves for a week , when lock-jaw set in . The sufferer was removed to the hospital on the 27 th ult ., where he expired in great agony two days afterwards . Verdict . " Accidental Death . "
Melancholy Death by Fire of 1 Mawued Female . —On Wednesday morning , Mr . Wakley , M . P ., held an inquest at tho George Tavern , Great St . AnuWs-street , Seven Dials , on view of the body ot Mrs . Anno Taylor , aged fifty-three years , wife of a haberdasher , residing at No . 2 , Little St . Andrew-street . Ann Harding , No . 30 , Church-street , Soho , deposed that slio was nurse to tho deceased . About eleven o'clock in the evening of Wednesday week deceased was sitting in her room reading by the candle , by which her cap became ignited , aud in a few moments she was completely enveloped ia flames . Her screams soou brought assistance , not , however , before she was so injured that she died on Friday . Verdict , " Accidental Death . " Dr , Watt estimates the present population of Glasgow at 322 , 200 .
Crates' Jhobement&
Crates' jHobement&
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nlfeT ™^"" " x ( lay an ^ qucst was held fvSS& ^ rtT T a 8 tle - ^ e body of a youth named Routlcdge , who had been killed hv fmmms SSStS rA 8 tmck r - « SwSS ft : ceased over the left ear , fractured his skull and caused almost instant death . The jS Xr ' neT mit £ fo rfW " - and tho p « w ™ mitted for trial at the next assizes . Fatal Accident . —At about one o'clock on Wednesday morning last , as some meu were at work upon a sewer in Broad-street , Bristol , the sides fell in , burying two of them . When extricated , one , named ueorge Hibbs , was found to be dead , and the other , Dramas Lear , so much injured that his life is despaired of . ; * Leeds potatoes are selling at Is . lOd . the weight of 4 S lbs ., whilst , last January they sold at Is ..
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TO THE FRIENDS OF NATIVE INDUSTRY IN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND . [ From the Morning Post . ] Chevening , near Sevenoaks , Jan . 20 . Friendg and fellow-countrymen , —On your conduct at the present crisis may depend the happiness or the misery , the prosperity or the adversity , of our country ; and I therefore think it my duty to addmi you on the protection of native industry , which it most interesting and important to all classes of the community , and which ctnnot be secured without jour energetic and united ex . ertions , I feel the more ' entitled to address you , as I be . long to no political part ; , as I wieh for nothing that an ; Minister could bestow , as I have no motives of personal ambition , and as I am animated by an ardent zeal for thepsblic welfare . .
Fall and effectual protection to our native industry may moit justly be claimed by all those who are engaged in any of its various branches , and especially in agriculture , on account of the exclusive burdens which it bears , and of the paramount importance of providing food for the pepulatien without being dependent upon foreign supplies . Under the protection which was given to iigricultur « , the produce of the soil has been very mu « h increased by extending and improving its cultivation , nnd the manufacturers have flourished ; for the home market is to them the moat valuable , as well as tha molt secure . There are ¦ till in these islands several millions of acres of waste land , which , if agriculture were sufficiently protected , might be cultivated with adrantuge , and give mush additional employment to labourers , but which must otherwise remain unproductive and unprofitable .
If protection should be withdrawn from agriculture , this country woald depend for the chief Hecessariei of life on tho supplies which foreign nations might be able or willing to furnish ; the cultivation of the land would be discouraged ; the markets would be scantily provided with its produce ; and , in the event of unfavourable seasoas , we might be exposed to all the horrors of actual famine . There is at present no r « ason whatever to apprekend even a scarcity , / or although there is in gome districts a deficiency in the crop of potatoes , it is wellknowu , and it has been proved by exact inquiriei , that there exists an abundance of food in these islands , perhaps a greater abundance than is notr to be found ia some foreign countries . If , however , this country experienced a scarcity ef corn , th * prices would rise , and the duties on its importation would fall till th « y were reduced to Is . per tninrUr .
The argument * ( if such , indeed they can be called ) which are used in favour of a free trade in corn , would apply also to evwy article of general consumption , to the produce of pastures as well as of arable land . &udto manufactured goods , whether they are made by machinery or by manual labour , and the industry of our own countrymen , in whatever mode it is employed , would be much depressed , and , in many cases , uttorly destroyed , while that of foreign nations would be encouraged . Great indignation would very justly be excited , if foreign labourers or artisans were to be brought to this country , because they might work for lower wages , and it is obvious that they would deprive of employment an equal number of our own countrymen . The same injury would be inflicted on our own labourers and artisans by the adoption of free trade , aad the foreigners by whom wo
should be supplied contribute nothing to the taxes which we pay upon so many articles of consumption . The sffect of free trade , as far as it has hitherto been extended , has already been found to be most molancholy , by the impoverishment of so many of our artisans , whose skill and industry havehocome unprofitable to them , as they are now undersold by foreignsrs in our own markets , aud have thus been deprived of employment and of the means of subsistence . The adoption of free trade in its full extent would bring ruin on all the industrious classes , many of whom might ba driven from tlieir native soil , while others might be confiued in Union Workhouses . Property of every description would be insecure , destitution would produce despair , disaffection might become universal , and the inevitable result would be anarchy and revolution .
It is your duty to consider whether you will allow thii country to be exposed to such awful calamities and convulsions , or whether you will avert them by protecting the rights and promoting the interests of all those who are engaged in native industry—whether you will tolerate the new-fangled and mischievous doctrines of free trade , or whether jou will insist upon restoring the policy of our ancestors , which gave sueh proiperity and power to the British empire , If this country is to be governed upon the principles of free trade , they must be applied in their fullest extent , for any exceptions from them would b » an intolerable injustice , and they cannot be thus applied without reducing our taxation and our prices to the level of even the poorest nations . Tke necessary effect of a free competition with foreigners in the home market would be to impoverish all classes of the community , and to lower the wages of labour as well as the profits of trade .
If , on the contrary , you are determined to discharge your duty by demanding full and effectual protection to nil the industrious classes—if you will show any portion of that patriotism and public spirit which were displayed in former periods of our history , you will , upon this oceasion , act without any reference to party politics , for you are aware that in both political parties there are to ba found friends of native industry . You shoulil-not , how-« ver , be satisfied with vague and general professions , and you should not beBtow your confidence on any individual who will notgive those distlactandpositive pledges which you have au undoubted right to ask , and which ho honest man ought to hesitate in granting . You should « onfide only in those persons on whose integrity you can entirely r « ly , and you ihould , without regard to rank , or
wealth , or local influence , employ in your service thoie persons whose talents enable them to defend your rights , from whatever quarter they may be assailed . Act , as it is your bounden duty to do , with energy and union , with the courage and constancy which are worthy of the cause , and your triumph is secure , for you will be supported by immense and overwhelming nwijorities iu all the industrial classes , all of whom have a common interest in opposing the progress of free trade . I am firmly convinced that on this question the greastest possible « nanimity prevails amongst all the labouring classes , who are not only the most numer . ous , but alsc the most useful and the most valuable to the state , and they ought to be fully represented in the Home of Commons .
That you may havo the happiness and honour of averting from our couutry the ruin and revolution which would be the results of free trade , and that your zealous xertions In the cause of native indastry may be crowned with complete success , is the fervent prayer « f Your very faithful friend , Stakhopb .
Untitled Article
6- " THE NORTHERN STAR . February 7 l J 84 C . \
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 7, 1846, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1353/page/6/
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