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July 1, 1854.] T H E LEAD ER. 611
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EUROPEAN DEMOCRACY AND AMERICAN SLAVERY....
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TUB KOYAL FREE HOSPITAL CASE. Tine inves...
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MISCELLANEOUS. Vehv gay the Court hna be...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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"The Sanctity Of Domestic Intercourse." ...
hoped that his brother Byles had acted -with sincerity in expressing the defendant ' s regret at having written this letter ; but he could not help agreeing with Mr . Lefroy , that a man who could , under any circumstances or from any ¦ provocation , write such a letter to his wife , from whom he was divorced , was not fit society for gentlemen . He quite agreed that a man who could write such a letter was not lit to sit down with gentftmen . This was assuming it to be untrue , and it was not pretended that these ladies were the abandoned characters which he had stated them to be ; but , on the other hand , the plaintiff ' s counsel had gone out of his way , and had put these ladies into tbe box in order to defy the other side to cross-examine them . The statements were , ia fact , admitted to be false ; and nothing could justify a man in saying tilings which he knew to be false . The defendant had sent the letter to his wife ; and as to the question of publication , lie was of opinion that this was sufficient . Verdict , 10007 . damages . Mr . Serjeant Byles tendered a bill of exceptions to the summing up .
July 1, 1854.] T H E Lead Er. 611
July 1 , 1854 . ] T H E LEAD ER . 611
European Democracy And American Slavery....
EUROPEAN DEMOCRACY AND AMERICAN SLAVERY . " London : 45 , Weymouth-street , Portland-place , 2 nd June , 1854 . " Gentlemen , —In the Morning Advertiser of yesterday I observe a letter , which is introduced as being a recent one from Mazzini , addressed to an Abolition Society at Manchester . The letter is , however , vriihout date ; and as Mazzini is not now in London to answer for himself , we are left to guess at the time it was written . It speaks against slavery in general , but not a word occurs in it of American affairs in any way ; and it concludes by the emphatic and weighty declaration , that ' free men only can achieve the work of freedom ; ' and that < throughout all Europe' ... . ' desecrated by arbitrary tyrannical powers '— ' by Czars , Emperors , and Popes' .... ' are millions of white slaves ^ suffering , struggling , expiring , in Italy , in Poland , in Hungary , ' whose emancipation he earnestly entreats may not be forgotten in zeal for that of the black race . I regret , therefore , to see the letter so introduced , by the gentleman giving it publicity , as to lead to the impression that it Avas intended by Mazzini to bear upon the exciting slave controversy now convulsing the United States . "In Mazzini ' s absence , the great importance of an explanation going out to America by the mail , which Will carry his letter , and the knowledge I have of the perfect understanding which exists between yourselves and Mazzini , induce me to ask , in justice to myself and the question , that you will correct me if , in recent statements of mine to friends at home , I have , through my misapprehension , misstated the views of the republican leaders in regard to European interference with American internal affairs . " From my repeated interviews with you all , during my stay in London , and our close and earnest discussion of all the leading points of your policy , I have felt authorised to say that it is your deliberate judgment
that such interference was in opposition to the principle of State rights , a cardinal principle of the democratic statesmen of Italy , Hungary , France , Poland , and Germany . A paper declaring this , was , before being sent to America , expressly shown to Mazzini ; and was then sent to the Louisville Democrat ( Kentucky ) , and \ vill be found in a March issue of that journal . It states , as the sentiment of the European republican leaders in London , that they have faith in the honour and generosity and justice of the Southern States , that they will do of themselves what is right in regard to the slaves , and the better for being left calm and free of irritation from any external influences .
" The ropublicnn statesmen of Europe , deeply interested in the history of the struggles and glorious success of the great Republic of America , must know that tho existence of slavery in the United States is an inheritance from the British Government , and that it involves at the present day questions of much greater magnitude than the simplo cash value of the slavesj and that social and political equality cannot be created by foreign intervention . But that tho whole history of tho United States as a government , and as a people , shows that they havo practically done more than any other nation for the advancement of the African race . " And that , in talcing tho load of every government in the world , in tho abolition of the slave trade , which was continued many years after by the British Government ;
" In the condition of tho negroes in tho Southern States , who arc not , ns in Italy , Hungary , France , and Poland , a reflnud and civilised people abased mid crushed by tho tyranny of thoir rulers , but a benighted race advancing under the euro of their American masters from tho barbarism which led them to soil euch other into slavery for a few trinkets , to a highly respectable grade of civilisation iwul UiriBUimky ; tho vieiblo proof of which is shown in the prosperity and good government of tho American negro republic of Liberia , whoso respectable president la a manumitted American slave , from the boutliern State of Virginia ; ' In tho OHtubliBhniont of this Amcrico-AfYlciin
colony , by the purchase of several hundred miles of slave coast , and the appropriation , by state legislation and individual donation , of hundreds of thousands of dollars for the comfortable passage and prosperous establishment of the American blacks ; the most generous , the most disinterested act of benevolence ever shown by one people great and powerful , to another inferior and weak , through which gleams for all known ages , the first light -which has beamed upon Ethiopia , a benevolence in which the southern state governments and southern masters have been the leaders and munificent patrons ; " In that the United States is the only country on earth where white men and women are really free , and where even the soldier and sailor in service is not under the degradation of the lash ;
" Lastly , —In the heroic republican act of the chivalrous Ingraham , a citizen of the southern state , who struck a blow for free citizenship , which resounded under every throne in Europe ; "In all these instances , they must recognise a national character , to which can safely be trusted all questions of its own internal policy , with the certainty of a solutioa honourable to America , to Christianity , and to mankind . "They know that strife and ill-blood between the northern and southern people of the United States , are music and luxury to the enemies of democracy , now enthroned on the necks of the people of the European Continent ; and must feel that , at this moment , critical of the fate of millions on millions of the finest races on earth , struggling for the sway of mind over force , of free thought over brute obedience ,
it is most urgently important that their only unshackled friends on earth—the people of the United States—should harmonise all differences ; so that they may present to Europe an unbroken front , and give vigour to the movement having for its aimthat the virtue and intellect of Europe shall guide its destinies ! " Satisfied as I am that the republicans of Europe —because of their appreciation of the Constitution of the United States , and of their joy in the onward and expansive career of our country and peopleoffer the only element of power that would be faithful to America , in the event of the United States becoming involved in a war with any European monarchy , I am anxious that nd misrepresentations , designed or accidental , should place their chosen representatives in a false position before any portion of the American people .
" "With these views I respectfully ask you . to say whether or not I am justified in assuring friends in the United States that the republican representatives of Europe , do ia no way desire to interfere with any domestic question in the United States , and especially with one wherein , besides the subject of slavery , so many other considerations of a political character aie involved . " Your faithful friend , " Geokge N . Sanders . . " To Louis Kossuth and others , representatives of Jen ' ersonian Kepublicanistnin Europe . "
KOSSUTH S KEPLY . " 21 , Alpha-rond , Regents Park , London , June 3 rd , 1854 . " Dear Sir , —Upon carefully reading your letter , I reply , that while deploring the existence of slavery anywhere , all my principles t \ re against foreign interference vith the domestic affairs of another nation . Besides , though bo it from natural necessity , be it from the impassivity of its leading statesmen , the United States do not yet appear conscious of their competent position ; still I consider the strength and prosperity of tho only republican power on earth so important to the future destinies of the world , that I certainly would never contribute anything to its internal divisions . Nay , true to my principles , I cannot recognise any division in America ; I look to the brotherhood of the great Republic as a whole , and havo too high a respect for the American people ,
as one undivided body of sincere republicans , as not to believe they will of themselves , with all the light before them , make their nation a model for every other . " You are quite right in your belief that Mazzini ' s letter has uo reference to the present agitation , in the United States . " With high regard and sincere esteem , " Tours respectfully , " L . KoBsirm . " George N . Sunders . "
Tub Koyal Free Hospital Case. Tine Inves...
TUB KOYAL FREE HOSPITAL CASE . Tine invest igutiim bi'foro Mr . Coroner Uukor us to tho iloutl ) of tho cliilil Uidiiu-dflun , » a iho lfoyul Frou HuNpilnl , viw rtjhumod on Tiiemhiy . A jr . Uivnl , Duputy Coroner , whs tlic chief witness . On tho night of tlio Iflth of May , t . lio copy of u loiter lVoin Uichurdtion wnu received by Mr . VVwkloy , culling upon Kviuid , iho solicitor , to nUn > tho imjuoiit , llxoJ for tho noxt day . That induced Mr . WiikK-y to countumiuiul it . Hut next , day lio directed Mr . Hront to inquiro whether Kichardxon had rcnlly vrrittou tho lottor . Mr . 11 rent huw Mm . Kiolmrdeon , mid oho declared that the iniiueat hud not
been stopped with her consent . He also saw Richardson & fc the house of his employer , and he said that since he -had signed the letter referred to he had altered bis mind . Ia order to obtain an explanation Mr . Brent next went to see Evans ; the result of the interview was , that Evans sent his clerk with Mr . Brent again to Kichardson , who said he had been deceived hy the lawyer , and repeated his desire that , the inquest should go on . Mr . Brent and the clerk then went to Mr . Wakley , who sent to Evans for the original document signed by Richardson ; but Evans refused to give ) it up , and the clerk came back saying that Richardson was satisfied . Then Mr . Wakley , who had neither directly nor indirectly attempted to throw any impediment ia the way of the inquest , directed the discharge or the jury . Richardson , the father , was recalled and examined by threw
Evans . He no new light upon the aiatter : but in the course of the cross-examination Evans handed him a document , the demand for the inquest , and asked him if the signature was his , as he had previously sworn . "By your deception it is not , " was the reply , followed by applause . Richardson said the reason he had sworn that the signature was his was , that three or four documents vrere shown to him at the same time , and he mistook the right one . Ha also read two items from Evans ' s bill . One of them wa 3 this : " 16 th May . Attending Mr . Steele , of Lincoln ' s Innfields , informing him what had passed , and that you would not prosecute the inquiry further on being paid 20 / . " The other was : " Attending Mr . Steele to be paid 100 J . ; charged to Richardson 6 s . 8 d . " The inquest was resumed on Thursday . Mr . Thomas Chaplin , a . surgeon and apothecary to the Bloomsbury Dispensary , deposed that he was present there on . two occasions when Mr . Cooper sounded the child . He also himself sounded , iut did not discover a stone ia the bladder . Ou
testing the urine he found some indications of stone . Being asked whether the spasmodic action caused by the introduction of a sound might not cause a stone to be enfolded by the mucous coat of the bladder so that it could not ba detected ly the staff , he said that this sometimes happens , but chiefly ia old people , and not in the young . Mary Eoper , a nurse , had held the child ia her lap when he was first examined at the hospital . Mr . Scobell said there was no stone at all ; Mr . Cooke said there was one , and the child must come into the hospital . He did so on Tuesday , the 11 th of April , and . witness stayed with the child , the mother having told Mr . Seobell that she wished her to bepreseut at the operation ; The child played about in the ward . He screamed very much when making water , and his lowels were very confined . On Thursday witness took the child to see its mother , . and returned about one o ' clock , when the hospital nurse made her get the child undressed ia a great hurry , for the operation at which sha promised that witness should be present . Afterwards sha saw the doctors would not allow it . She had before this
taken away the child , and the doctors were very nearly two hours over him . The day-nurse brought him back at a quarter to four , dashed him down on the bed , and said : " It would be a good job if the dirty little wretch was dead . " He was left there , and uo instructions were given as to what was to be done for him . He called for drink , and tha nurse came , and said : " I will jump down your damnel little throat , teasing me for drink . " . No surgeon saw the child after the operation until half past ten the following morning , A nurse gave the child brandy between five anil sis on ' Thursday , the day after the operation . On Friday morning Mr . Cooke and Mr Scobell ordered brandy again , and said the child would not get over it . On Saturday moaning they came again , shook their heads , and ordered , more brandy . They saw no more of it , and the child died , beforo eight on Saturday morning . On the evening of tho operation witness heard the mother ask Mr . Scobell if thore was any stone in the child , and he said he did not think : there was .
Mr . Jiobert Home Pophajn , member of the medical Faculty of Glasgow , had open present as a spectator at the operation ; the first steps of which were made in the usual way , tha child being under the effects of chloroform . Mr . Cooke having failed with a first forceps used a second , and repeatedly introduced his ringer into the wound . The witness saw no stono . Mr . Cooke said something to Mr . Wnkley , junior , who hitherto had taken no part in the operation , but now introduced his finger into tho wound . A stuff or sound was now introduced , witness believes , by Mr . Waldo } ' . Witness , nnd other gentlemen present , listened to tho sound by tho ear and the stethoscope over tho bladder .
Somo snid they heard the stone , witness unid ho did not , Tho operation proceeded , all tho rest of it being done by Mr . Wakley ; but what instruments ho used witness could not $ ny positively . Mr . Wukley did not succeed in finding a stone , The child wns kopt longer under tho operation than witness would havo kopt him : it would havo been bottor that ho hm \ been removed when . Mr . Cooko had iinishoU . Tho wholo t ' mio the child whs under operation wns nbout an hour and a half . After it ho was in n stnto of colhipse from loss of blood and prolonged uso of chloroform , - which is itself a depressing agent . That would bo itsolf a rcnuon fur ( shortening tho operation . The proceedings wovo again ndjournod to Monday .
Miscellaneous. Vehv Gay The Court Hna Be...
MISCELLANEOUS . Vehv gay the Court hna been this week . Tho Quuuii , her husband , uml sonic of the children visited Mr . Albert SjuuIj ' b exhibition on Wednesday . Tho royal pair have visited tho Itnli . ui Opera twice ; tho Princess's nnd the Opera ( \> miquo onco . Frince Albeit lias done civil and military business . Ono duy \ vu find him inspecting the Essex Riflpa ; another looking over thu splendid lodging-houses ia Victoriastroet j a third attending nt tho Harrow School spocdi-duy . Tho sober business of polities has occupied tho Quocu two days ; on Wednesday Lor < I C'lnrondon , and ou Thursday tho Earl of Aberdeen , had tiudiuuuus . Tho young King of Portugal and his brother left ;
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), July 1, 1854, page 11, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_01071854/page/11/
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