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934 Stie &£afl*t* [Saturday ,
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A GLANCE AT THE CONTINENT. Emile de Gira...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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934 Stie &£Afl*T* [Saturday ,
934 Stie & £ afl * t * [ Saturday ,
A Glance At The Continent. Emile De Gira...
A GLANCE AT THE CONTINENT . Emile de Girardin , whose polemical resources are inexhaustible , published an article , some days since , supposed to be written in September ' 52 . The new Republic is in power . The anti-republican journals are suspended ; their writers have taken the place of the editors of the Evenement , Presse , Sieele , National , & c , in the cells of the Conciergerie , St . Pelagie , and Les Madelonnettes . IS Union and other Royalist journals plead their warm support of the Republic in the first days of the Revolution , by quoting their enthusiastic republican articles of February to June ' 48 . E . de Girardin ,
faithful to his defence of complete liberty for all parties , defends those who in ' 51 were his bitterest adversaries . The whose article is very pungent and bitter , and seems to have been felt in the right quarter , as M . de Mongis went out of his way to notice it at the trial of the gerant of La Presse , where , we are glad to say , the jury ^ of La Seme reconsidered their former verdict , and acquitted the paper on every count , " The court renders sentences , not services . " This celebrated mot was recalled very opportunely by the counsel for the defence , and , as the result proved , with some effect . The verdict may perhaps induce the " vigorous" Ministry to relax their crusade against the
Press . It was previously to thisrebuff that M . Eugene Baresto , chief editor of La Republique , had been cited to answer a charge of inserting a paragraph of false news . M . Bareste is a writer who enjoys the esteem even of opponents for the dignified moderation of his style and the elevation of his principles . La JRepublique was born with the Revolution , and has defended with great power the Associative principle . With respect to false news , why do not the Government prosecute the paper which related circumstantially the murder of three gendarmes by Socialists at Lyons . By Socialists , of course ; but the Tact , like the episode of Le Vengeur , was pure invention of the conscientious purveyors of calumnies , who " supply " the Reactionist journals .
The present prosecution of the press exceeds in fury all that was attempted under the Restoration or under Louis Philippe . Under the Monarchy a paper was prosecuted for attacking the established form of government ; but under a Republican President the penalty is for defending the Republic and the Constitution . This attempt to stifle free thought has never benefited any Government . The Empire , the Restoration ,
the Monarchy of 1830 , perished in the attempt . It may be that some apprehension of this kind caused the marked decline in the funds . Two years ago ( eaid La Presse ) a " double prosecution would have seemed an act of strength ; now it looks like an act of despair . A good omen ! " Chateaubriand once wrote— " If you govern in the spirit of your institutions , honestly and for the i ^ ublic welfare , you need not fear a free press . "
A fair test of the present propensity to slavislmess in the governing classes in Prance , is the envy of the republican , the indignation of the reactionary journals , aroused by the Tiverton harangue of Lord Palmerston . The Debuts naively ascribes our present tranquillity to the fact that we have had our revolutions long ago . "Which would seem to allow the necessity and the benefit of revolutions , in some cases . The Elysean organs say , what Franco wants is not free but strong institutions : i . e . the despotism of the sabre .
M . Leon Faucher han been making a violent appeal to illegality , at Chalons . A minister of Government deuouncing the Constitution , which is the only anchor by which the state-vessel rides safely yet ! But of what value are the tirades of the man who in ' 48 and ' 4 'J apoke of the Revolution of February as * ' grand " and " providential " ; as a wonderful manifestation of divine justice : und denounced the selflshnessof the bourgeoisie , and their indifference to the condition of the working-classes , as the just cause of their punishment .. This just and upright man and honourable minister , who boasted in the Assembly of the value of his word of honour , now calls the last
Revolution " an abyss , " a " terrible disaster . ' lie payu we have only ono more barrier ( i . e . to acouj > d'etat ) to deHtroy ! Whut can this be but tho Constitution ? So much for the " vigorous adviHcrs " of M . Bonaparte ! So much for the honesty of public men in France ! The divisions of the Royalist partien are becoming deeper , hh tho union of the RepuhliciuiH in consolidated . The most salient fact from Vienna in the return of Princo Metternieh to Vienna , •« ufter the deluge . " He haa been received by that lady of high character , the Archduchess Sophia ( in the absence of the young Kaiser ) , with great affection , lit : gives out , in a HCini-ofliciul form , that he in too old for political lift ) , and that ho intends to play no part ut all henceforth onliiu old titage . Not even a prompter ,
The Emperor in away here , there , and everywhere , in hin Italian provinces . Tho conduct of the inhabitants , we are told , wub " modest and satisfactory . " It was found impossible to " get a Iiouho " at liii Scala , " to celebrate his visit to Milan . " A well-written address waa clandestinely circulated ,
enjoining the citizens to bear this new insult of their eternal enemy with calmness . Only three nobles , and as many of the bourgeoisie , were in attendance upon him . "While the Emperor of Austria is reviewing ^ his hordes in Lombardy , Victor Emmanuel leaves Turin to the protection of the citizens , and on the field of Marengo commands a series of manoeuvres , representing the battle which bears that celebrated name . All this looks as if the actual peace between Piedmont and Austria were regarded on both sides but as an armed truce . Field-Marshal Windischgratz has been appointed Governor-General of Bohemia . This is a mark of renewed Imperial favour , as the General had been , for a long term , in a position of comparative-disgrace .
By a singular coincidence , and quite fortuitous , it so happens that one and the same paper contains the news of the return of Metternich to Vienna and the embarkation of Kossuth . on board the Mississippi . A telegraphic despatch from Smyrna , of the 12 th instant , reports the fact of that vessel's arrival , and on the 16 th she reached Syra . Fifty-five refugees were on board . While one paragraph describes the festive preparations that were made on board the American vessel for the reception of the exiles , the eye is painfully arrested in an adjoining column by a long list of names of persons accused of high treason , who were tried and sentenced in contumaciam on the morning of the 22 nd at Pesth . Many of the names turn out to he those of the refugees now on their
way to America . The Sultan has kept his word ; and the Austrian Government , not to be behindhand , caused the notice to these unfortunate men to be published , who were called upon after the termination of the war to appear and take their trial , on the charges of high treason , on pain of being burnt in effigy . The time specified having long elapsed without any one of the individuals si > summoned appearing , the sentence was put into execution by the common hangman , on the day in question , the jiames of the " rebels " being attached to the gallows .
The following is a list of the men thus effigied , thirty-six in number : — 1 , Paul Almasy , vicepresident of the Lower Chamber ; 2 , Count Julius Andrasy , member of the Upper House , as Magnaten Pafel ; 3 , John Balogh . de Galantha , a deputy ; 4 , Count Casimir Batthyani , member of the TJpper House ; 5 , Beothy " Obergespaun , " and Government commissary ; 6 , Louis Esep-Czernatoni , Government emissary ; 7 , Stephen Gorove , deputy of the Temes country ; 8 , Richard Guyon , Esq . ( native of Bath , England ) , colonel ; 9 , Paul Haynik , deputy of the country of Pesth ; 10 , Francis Hazman , deputy for Buda ; 11 , Michael Harvath , bishop , and afterwards minister of instruction ; 12 , Daniel Irangi , deputy ; 13 , Baron Josika , member of the committee of safety ; 11 , George Kmetz , a brave soldier ; 15 ,
Professor Kornis ; 15 , Louis Kossuth ; 17 , Ludwigh , deputy ; 18 , Ladislos Madrass , deputy-chief of the Magyar Jacobins ; 19 , Baron Joseph Maitheuyi , member of the Upper House ; 20 , Maurice Merei , major ; 21 , Lanar Messaros , major-general and deputy , and then Minister of War ; 22 , Joseph Orosshegyi , guerilla leader ; 23 , Maurio Perczel , deputy , and afterwards guerilla chieftain ; 24 , Nicholas Perczel , deputy , and afterwards general ; 25 , Nicholas Puky ; 26 , Rakoczy , confidant of JCossnth ( the name alone is historical ) ; 27 , Julius Sarosy ; 28 , Enton Homogyi ; 22 , Louis Spleing , Kossuth ' s agent in Italy ; 30 , Baron Stein , general ; 31 , Szemere ; 32 , Szontagh ; 33 , Sztancsies ; 34 , Count Ladislas Teleky , deputy , and Kossuth ' 8 envoy at Purin ; 35 , Vetter , general ; 30 , Vukovich , Kossuth'a Minister of Justice .
Besides the above , the Pesth Zcitung of the 22 nd ultimo , has a list of thirty-nine more " rebels , " declared contumacious by tho military courts . A correspondent of a morning journal mentions an interesting feature in the proceedings when Kossuth wub about exchanging Turkish for American protection . The captain of the Mississippi went on board the Turkish vessel which contained the exiles , nucl addressing Koasuth , said , " that he was coinmiHsioned by his Government to place the frigate under his command at the disposal of tho Hungarian refugees , and to present him tho sum of 15 , 000 dollars . " Tho number of the emigrants on board the MibBisnip |> i wnfl fifty-live . Count Cusiinir Balthynni waM also of tho party ; but at Marseilles he left the ship for Paris , w 2 icrc he has iixed his present abode .
The full accusation brought ngainst Koysutli figures in the I ' esU . r ' / . titling , as one in the long lint of thirty-six persons whose names wereiiflixed to the gnllowH n few days ago . To each name is appended a sketch of the lifo and the exploits that entitle the owner to the charge of high treason und its attendant punishment . KosHiithiHthus described : — " Ludwig Kossuth , born in Monok , county of Zcmplin , Hungary , fortyseven years old , of tho Protestunt religion , married , father of throo children , advocate and newspaper editor , Hungarian Finance Minister , und deputy of the city of Pcnth nt the Hungarian Diet , has ( from the beginning to the end of the Hungarian revolution ) played tho principul part , und thia preeminence vrt \ H particularly shown in October , 1848 >
when he prevailed upon the Diet to remain gether and not obey the Imperial mandate di 88 olv " ing it ; further , that he took upon himslf th ~ presidency of the Provisional Government , or called committee of national safety , and ' issued " paper money in order to furnish means for •>„ armed resistance to the Imperial Government which he developed in a dangerous man ' ner by recruitings , organization of a National Guard s and « Landsturm '—that he himself joined the army in its invasion of the Austrian archduchy declared the succession of Francis Joseph a usurna tion—transferred the seat of the Diet from Pesth t " Debrecsin on the approach of the royal forces under
Windischgratz—that by means of exhortations and proclamations , by rewards and martial courts , he raised the enthusiasm of the army and the people and excited them to go on with the revolution , and tried to gain the sympathy of foreign countries through his agents abroad—that he , finally , on the 13 th of April in a private conference , on the 14 th in a public sitting , proclaimed the total separation of Hungary from the Empire , outlawed the sacred dynasty , chose a ministry in his character of Governor took the oath of independence on the 14 th of May ' and on the 18 th of May , and on June 27 , 1849 , preached a crusade against the allied forces of Austria and
Russia , and ruled Hungary with the power of dictator , till at last he was compelled by the events of the war to resign ( August 11 , at Arad ) , and soon afterwards fled into Turkey . " The second is Richard Guyon , Esq ., native of Bath , in Somersetshire , " who served as lieutenant in the Austrian Hussars , quitted the service , and married a Countess Spleny , and became a gentleman . farmer . On the breaking out of the revolution he
oined the rebellion , and was soon raised to the rank of colonel in the insurgent army . Fought at Mannswarth and Tyrnau , stormed the pass of Branitzko , brought the news of Gorgy ' s approach to the Comorn garrison , conquered under Vetter , in the nignts of July 13 and 14 , 1849 , at Hegyes , and with the Polish and Italian legions covered the retreat of Kossuth to Orsova . He then escaped to Turkey with Bern . "
About eighty persons have been lately arrested in Galicia . The arrested persons were brought to Lemberg ( the ' capital of Gallicia ) at night . The names o ( the imprisoned have not yet transpired . Many houses in the circle of Samborsk have been subjected to a minute search , being suspected of concealing Democratic publications ; and although their search vv : < s entirely unsuccessful , the suspected families were nevertheless submitted to house arrest—viz ., sentries were placed at their doors , and not a soul allowed to leave their houses . Many complaints have been sent to Vienna in consequence .
In virtue of a Ministerial decision , the Polish weights and measures , which continued to be in use in Gallicia , are being superseded by Viennese ones . The same decision will soon be taken with regard to Hungary , for the Austrian Government is determined to have one and the same standard of weights and measures throughout the whole empire . The Conicc Pols Id ( the Polish Courier ) , appearing in Posen , has been prohibited in Galicia , Cracow , and the Bookorina , on account of " its systematical tendency being that of undermining the authority of , and confidence in , the Imperial Government . '' It any number or numbers of the said paper he found upon any person , he or she will be rendered amenable in the eyes of the law ; and those persons who are found smuggling or distributing the same , will be brought before u court martial .
Free Italy has had an opportunity of testifying « <> sympathies with the Hungarian exik'H . The Mississippi brought up at La Spezzia . As noon as the arrival of the frigate was announced , the greatest excitement prevailed in the neighbourhood ol the anchorage . Crowds of persons of all classes put oil in boats und surrounded the ship . Bands of niusi < : played national and patriotic airs , the town was illuminated , rockets were let off , und the whole town and vicinity celebrated the occanion as a fete . The cxiIch , as they were perceived on deck , wero . loudly checret , and a deputation addressed Kostmth in person .
The Allegcmcinc Zeitung , of tho 27 th of Sep tember , publishes three documents , which prove that . >' liberating Kossuth , the Ottoman Porto 1 )( , ) 1 ( 11 y '" i curred the risk of a quarrel with Austria , 'i he u « _ of these documents in a despatch addressed l > y l Austrian Charge de « Affaires at Constantinop le *<> J Pacha , the Turkish Minister of Foreign Ailairw . ' - ¦ dated July 29 , 1851 . In this dcHpateh the ninl >»« Hll <" protests agaiiiHt the liberation of the Hungarian »•' Kccs , invoking the 18 th article of tho treaty or Snide , and more especially tho following l"lI )^ , of a despatch of the Ottoman Porte , in rfip ly " note of Prince Schwarzcnberg , dated April <> , '" ' '
.: — " The sublime Porte en ag 08 itself , after tho rrst < V ^" tion of order in Hungary to come to an uinioub "' ,. Btanding with the Austrian Government before a /^*' ' ^ freedom to the refugees , and to commit itn vieww , « rcquoutita approval in the mutter . "
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 4, 1851, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_04101851/page/2/
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