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314 THE LEADER. [No. 315, Saturday, * M^...
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THE PEACE. Peace bas been made. After a ...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Npiie Western Alliance Became, On Sunday...
rating Count Cavour's suggestions . We last week had Parma reminding the » world of its existence , and showing us how Austria treats the independent Italian states . This week we have the students of Padua made acquainted with the rigours of Austrian Government , as a consequence of disturbance in the city . The British Empire co «« 6 iibue ^ iwadistuiB edi Site Charles Hotham , indeed ,,, ftps died at Mel bourne from a summer malady ,, aggravated by tliifr
irritation of a Ministerial crisis ,, of ; which he saw no end . The coIoniststjqs & Victoimare struggling with the most incompatible circumstances—great wealth , scanty capital , old official traditions , greenness in the rising men , republican notions , and an . Imperial Government . Who can make a Cabinet out of elements thus produced ? The quarter-deck Governor , who thought to coax and bully everybody into obedience , found himself in a course
as hopeless of any end as if he had been on board the Flying Dutchman . He was conscientious enough to wish to do his duty , and died from irritation at the impossibility . It is said that he left , by way of legacy , a kind of warning , that naval officers had better not go on board Colonial Governments . The whole result of his adminstratidn has been immensely to increase that republican , feeling which , has made the Australians talk about " the Banner of the Five Stars . "
In India , the process of annexation goes on smoothly , and reform appears falling into a kind of routine ; but there is the less apprehension that it will suffer , because , the experienced and energetic Dalhotjsie is replaced by our late Postmaster-General . At home we are getting on . magnificently . Mr . Keogh has been appointed to a vacant seat on
the Irish judicial bench ; Six Harry Jones is made head , master at Sandhurst ! Our Premier lias booked for himself a place as the " Chatham of Peace , " and nob without reason 5 for he is the ablest man in the Government , and he has shown that he can turn his hand to a new business , even while enriched with aii experience of so manv yews , and so many positions .
The revenue tables are full of sunshine—a grand increase of nearly a million and a half on the quarter , and of four millions and a half upon the half year . The Board of Trade returns also show a decided increase , even over the first two months of 1854 j the result of that flourishing trade which Mr . Edward Baxter moralised in
proposing in a dinner in Dundee , the toast of the American President and people . Our prosperity depends upon our power of checking the enemies of law , liberty , and commerce , and in preserving unbroken peace with our neutral friends ; and luckily we have too many practical politicians like Mr . I 3 axter to permit any serious breach of that sound rule .
And the House of Commons too—it is grinding away at bills for thia happy country , that cannot live without a surfeit of laws ! We have already so many that we cannot know them , remember thorn , or understand their drift . Even the lawyers themselves do not know the body of the Jaw . The Judges improvise it on the bench , from the impossibility of knowing what Parliament has done or intended . We have then this week n
resolution in the House of Commons to go on with T ^ xy Wilson Patten ' s Bill to amend the last factory Acts Amendment Act , by , promoting running gear to be the subject of arbitration in regard tq ' fencing olF , as well as standing ; machinery , We h ^ yo the announcement of a new measure to mo-«^ fy , ^ o Couwfcy Courts , where Mr . Roebuck bus discovered tha , t , tUe Judges at present depend upon the Home Office for nu ^ menjtatiouB of , then ; salary , —
counter to all constitutional principle . We have Mr . Headlajj . labouring tat f ^^ sh forward his Medical Reform Bill ^ ith fcji ^ assifc & nce of medical coadjutors or their g & Vocates in the House of Commons , who supporfeliim with suggestions for annihilating his bill w ii ^ fc amendments . It has more amendmen ts * fjhan closes , and 1 ) he proposal ampun . ts . to " be ifc enacted /'—the exact reverse of wha | b he started' with ! We have an . inquiry into our penal servitude with , a view to some reform not yet foreseen . And we have a bran new- measure for totally changing the corporation of the City of London .
This is a clean sweep—Lord Mayor ' s show and all . We are to have the Lord Mayor , Aldermen , and Common Council , the Recorder , and most of the chief officers , with their ancient titles ; but the Aldermen will be \ irtuallv merged in the Common Council , except as to , their duration of office , which will be six years , —and the exercise of the magistracy in certain official civil cases . The police jurisdiction of the magistrates , the Lord Mayor ' s courts , the conservancy of the Thames , the coal duties , the street duties * the liveried companies , the Lord Mayor ' s show , —all belong to the past . If the bill be enacted this session , we can scarcely expect the ghost of the pageant to pass down Cheapside or up the River .
Singular Death op a Lamplighter . —An inquest has been held , touching the death of Robert Griffin , a lamplighter , lately in the employ of the London Qas Company . He -was cleaning the lamps in Great James-street , Theobald s-road . The " pitcher , " or iron support , projecting from the lamp-posts , ' gave way , and the man fell with his ladder , sustaining such severe injuries that he died . Some of the witnesses said that the " pitchers" are frequently injured by boys hanging to them after climbing up the lampposts . The jury recommended the subject of giving increased strength to the " pitchers" to the considera tion of the Metropolitan Board of Works .
Masters and Opeeatives —Mr . TMackiimon ' s committee for inquiry into the beat means for adjxisting disputes between employers and their workpeople , met on Thursday , when evidence was given ivifch respect to the working of the systems already existing in France for securing the interests , and removing the the niisundertakings , of "both parties , A Commemorative Church at Constantinople . —A large and influential committee , composed partly of naval and military officers , partly of clergymen and
civilians , uas been rormed with the view of raisiu " funds for the erection of a oliurch ia Constantinop le ^ a , s the most appropriate moimrnent to the memory of those who fell ia the late war , and of gratitude t o God for the restoration of peace . A public meetiu " will shortly be held for the promotion of this object under the presidency of the Duke of Cambridge ! The Society for the Propagation of the Gospel has already received upwards of £ 1 , 000 inaid of this object . The Income Tax . —A . meeting , with the view cf pressing -upon the Government th ' e abolition of the
-x , or ita readjustment ia accordance with , the principles of equity , was hold early in the woelc at Birmingham . The mayor presided , aiid the speakers included Mr . Trice , M . P ., Mr . Attwood , Mr . Partridge , Mv . S . Bowloy , Mr . T . M . Sturge , & c . A petition to the House of Commons , aud a memorial to tho Chancellor of the Exchoquor , were decidod on . Tub Orvii , Sjjrviojs Superannuation Committee mot again on Tuesday , tho Chancellor of tho Exchequer in tho cliair , whon Dr . Farr was examined . Tho tenor of his evidence was to tho effect that it would bo injudicious to abolish the fund .
THIS Case of Me . Drois Somoiujj . —An appeal has "been brought in tho Judicial Committee of Privy Council against tho docinioii of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury , which xulod that tho last will of tho lato Mr . Dyco Sombre was invalid , owing to tho insanity of tho testator . Tho frouh proooo < iingH lmvo not yob been brought to a close . EMBMSiBMBMKK'D . — George Frederick Lillicrap , formerly a grocer ia Bishopsgabe-Btraat-without , in now undor reinaud at tho Miuision-houBo , charged with removing , conceuling , and embezzling , purfc of hia utato mid oflfoots aft or ho had been ndjudgod a bankrupt in tho month of April lust , with in tout to dofraud bis creditors .
"Shrimj ? Sauom to a Lobster . " —Somo boys , of agoa varying from twolvo to sixteen , have been ft nod for pelting „ atonon at tho aoldioi-a drawn up in tho park on Sunday for tho purpono of firing tho guu « . It was « xpeot « d that tho guns would bo flrod at 0110 o ' olook in tho day ; but tho order was countermanded , nnd tho disappointed youngsters voutod thomaclvoa iu a atony Bhowor .
314 The Leader. [No. 315, Saturday, * M^...
314 THE LEADER . [ No . 315 , Saturday , * M ^" MM ¦ ¦ ¦¦ III 1 IIIIH Ill ¦ —E—O —»» I
The Peace. Peace Bas Been Made. After A ...
THE PEACE . Peace bas been made . After a month of anxious deliberation , last Sunday saw the conclusion of those labours which had for their object the reconciliation of ! belligerents , and the readjustment of international " guarantees . ' At half-past one o ' clock on Sunday , the 30 th of March , the Parisian Prefect of Police placarded the subjoined announcement : — " Congress of Paris , March 30 . " Peace was . signed to-day , at one o ' clock , at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs .
" The Plenipotentiaries of France , of Austria , of Grea t Britain , of Prussia , of Russia , of Sardinia , and of Turkey , affixed their signatures to the tre aty which puts an end to the present war , and which , in settling the Eastern question , places the peace of Europe upon a firm and durable basis . " Pietki , Prefect of Police . " The news was first made generally known iu London by the firing , at ten o'clock at night , of a royal salute by the Horse Guards and the Tower guns . Crowds of persons were of course soon
attracted to those spots . Every avenue to the esplanade behind the Horse Guards and the Mall was thronged by an eager concourse ; but it was only those who at that hour approached by the Duke of York ' s column that were able to obtain admission . Others who were excluded lingered about in great numbers in front of the Horse Guards , along Whitehall , at Charing-cross , and in . Pall-mall , till after eleven o'clock . The bells of St . Martin ' s Church , St . Bride ' s , and several of the city churches , also rang a series of peals , in celebration of the occasion , at intervals until midnight .
Peace was proclaimed in London on Monday , a few minutes before ten o ' clock , by the Lord Mayor , attended by SheriSs Rose and Kennedy , the Sword-bearer , Mace-bearer , and City Marshal . These functionaries-proceeded to the stone balcony in front of the Mansion-house , where a raised dais had ^ been er ected , covered with crimson cloth , whence his Lordship read a communication from Sir George Grey , announcing the fact that the treaty had been signed . -A large number of persons had assembled , who cheered , and waved their hats . At twelve o ' clock , the same dispatch was read by the Lord Mayor in front of the Royal Exchange . The roofs and windows of the houses
were crowded , and standards were hung from all available points . The news was also announced at Guildhall . The guns at the Tower then fired . The announcement of peace caused a rise of three-eighths per cent , in the English funds on Monday morning , and the marltet , at the conclusion of the day , showed a further tendency to improvement . The Bank of France has reduced its rate of discount from six per cent ., at which it has
stood since the 18 th of Last October , to five per cent . The augmented rate of income tax granted by the English Parliament last year will continue until the 6 th of April which shall first happen after the expiration of one year from the ratification of the Treaty of Peace . The ratification will probably take place about the end of the present mouth , so that the augmentation will not cease until April 6 th , 1858 .
Immediately after the signing of the Treaty of Peace at the Ministry of Foreign A flairs , the Plenipotentiaries proceeded to tho Palace of the Tuilcries , to communicate the fact to the Emperor iu person . His Majesty received thorn in the Salon des Ambassadeurs , attended by the officers of his household . "' When tho uows was ( iimoimocd , " writes tho Times correspondent , "tho Emperor is said to lmvo expressed liia thanks to the Plonijiotontiaries for having oomoin person to him with bucIi agreeable tidings . Ho ob-Borvod that tho result of their laboura during tho ConlaroncoB was tho complete realisation of tho
Hpcisch dolivorod "b y Lord Clarendon in the lloiitfa of Lords ; aud that thopeaco wluoh the Allies woro dotonnmod on concluding : was oao which onrriod with it bo humiliation to Ruwsia , and which did not coinpromiao tho dignity or independence of any 0110 ; it wuh , in fact , euoh an a great nation might proposo o » accept without degradation , and it therefore had all tho elements of aolkUty and durability ; and ho adtlod , that so favourable a result wub , iu a gron * monsuro , owing to the conciliatory spirit and moderation wluoh mai'kod tho policy cf England aud which wna particularl y folt iu tho comwo of tho prouont Conferences "
Some particulars with respect to tho mode of signing , given by a French paper , arc not without interest : — " Sovon oopioa wore inado 011 porehinuut , ujfter U 10
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), April 5, 1856, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_05041856/page/2/
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