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FUBTHEB PROBABILITIES OF THE FRANKLIN SH...
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emigration:. A meeting of the inhabitant...
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MR. P. 0. WARD, THE DAILY PRESS, AND THE...
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THE BOOKSELtEBS COMfcllTATIGNy {To the E...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
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Fubtheb Probabilities Of The Franklin Sh...
FUBTHEB PROBABILITIES OF THE FRANKLIN SHIPS , The following is a letter from Mr . Lynch , passenger in the Renovation , relating to the Franklin . Expedition , written in consequence of a communication addressed to the Collector of Customs , Quebec , by Sir J .. E . Alexander * A . D . C . : :. . Prescott , May 11 , 1852 . " Sin , ' — I was a passenger ( the onl y one ) on board the brig Renovation , in April , 1851 , from Limerick to Quebec , Edward Coward , master ; Robert Simpson , chief mate ; the second mate ' s name I do not recollect . " We had a very fine run from the Irish coast , and I do not recollect anything particular occurring until we fell in with the icebergs on , or in the vicinity , of the banks of Newfoundland . "We came in view of one iceberg , on which I distinctly eaw two vessels , one certainly high and dry , the other might have her keel and bottom in the water , but the ice was a long way outside her ; this Was , as near as I can recollect , about the 18 th or 20 th of April , 1851 . " I thought at the time we might have been about three miles from them , but Mr . Simpson said we were five . I examined them particularly with the spy-glass—one ( the larger ) lay on her beam-ends , the other upright . I said to the mate , on seeing them , that they were a part of Sir John Franklin ' s squadron . He said , ' Very likely ; and that would be a good prize for whoever would fall in with them . ' The captain did not think it prudent to give Orders to attempt to board them .
" I do not recollect any one onboard making any remark at the time , and , save the captain and mate , I do not believe of the crew one knew anything of Sir John Franklin ' s expedition . " On examining , which I did closely with the glass , the berg , I could see nothing that I could say were boats or tents ; but there were a number of hillocks of different shapes on the berg , which might have been boats or stores covered by any of the snow storms which we had at that time ; but of Course I do not take upon myself to say such was the ease , as similar appearances were to be seen on many other bergs . ' ¦ My reasons for supposing them to belong to Sir John Franklin ' s squadron were , there being two ships on one iceberg ; they appeared to me to be consorts , and having no appearance of being driven on the berg in distress , as the rigging and spars of the uprig ht one were all as shipshape 'fts if she had been laid up in . harbour ; also the one
on her beam-ends had no more appearance of a wreck than a vessel with her topmasts struck , and left ^ by the tide on a beach , no loose ropes hanging from any part of her . My opinion is , that she had been moored to the berg like the other , until coming into contact with field-ice the collision threw her over in the position which we saw her . The reason which prevented Captain Coward attempting any communication by boat was , he did not think himself justified in risking the loss of the vessel , when from illness he was not able to give assistance by commands or otherwise , and two of his best men and a grown upapprentice confined to their hammocks with dysentery . Had a boat been manned , thero would not have been hands enough on board to manage the brig , and all appearanco of thick , bad weather coming on .
" The hulls , to the best of xnj belief , were all black ; tho masts , I am quite certain , were white . " The vessel on her beam-ends seemed , as near as I could judge , to bo about 500 tons ; tho other something smaller . Mr . Simpson said about 350 . I did not think there was that difference in their size . So much of tho bull of one was to be soen that I think it mado her look larger in proportion to the size of the upright one than she really was ; they had been full-rigged ships . " It is but justice for me to say , as far as regards Cap tain Coward , that nobody could regret more than ho did his inability to board the vessels , and to my knowledgo it preyed very much on his spirits after . " Neither ho nor his mate had ever boon on tho North
American coast before , and though I was most urgent at tho time to attempt to board them" , I was convinced afterwards that it would have boon attonded with imminent danger , and perhaps loss of tho vessel , as thoro was a heavy sea running at the time , and the vessel so shorthanded . " It would appear uncalled for my making these remarks wero it my first time at sea , but 1 had been at sea before for four yearB , and among tho ico on this coast onco before . On my arrival at Quebec I gave ovory publicity I could to tho transaction , as I hope tho authorities in Quoboo have learned before now ; as it was I iilod tho Bhip ' s report in Quebec . " I have tho honour to bo , Sir , " Your most obedient servant , "John S . Lyncit . "
" To Collector GubIoitib , Port of Proaeoft , Canada . " Tho whole correspondence on tho subject with tho Admiralty lifts boon published . Mr . Lynch in quite positive , and Captain Coward still retains his opinion , that what thoy wiw on tho icoborg was not an optical illusion , but whips . It in Homewliut singular that ; thoro wnfl no entry mado in fclto log-book of tho Renovation , In CQiToborution of tho statements of Coward , Himpson , Olid Lynch , h , q firmly adhered to , wo hnvo tho following from Captain Kor , dated Hligo , May 1 , 1852 , nnd addroBBod to tho Secretary of the Admiralty : —
"Thoro is at proHonl ; in this port a brig namodMio If endoraon , of Whitohavon , William Hill , master , fitting out for tho purposo of convoying emigrants to Quoboo . In conversation with tho mantor I found out that lio wna employed in tho Hamo way liwt year , but that on that occasion ho Hailed from tho porfc of ' Gal way on tlto iivd of April , 1851 , bound to Now York ; that on tho vory day ho loft , a brig juunod tho Doctor Kneip belonging to Wismar , Duohy of Mocklonburgh , tho matitor and owner of which won ISdvrard
Lordntz , also sailed for the same destination with emigrants , but that from her superior sailing she soon left the Sen dersonlav astern , that on the 20 th of April ,. 1861 , the Henderson was in latitude 43 ° 14 ' , longitude 53 ° 22 ' D . R ., and struck soundings on the edge of the bank in 30 fathoms , sand and black specs , and arrived at New York on . the ; 3 rd of May , having never seen anyjee during her passage , though , from the coldness of the weather and t > ther causes , the master thought , it was not far off . That on his arrival at New York , to hissurprise he found that the Doctor Kneip had not arrived , but that on the following day she did so , and that in a conversation w ith the said master of the Mecklenburgh vessel , he mentioned that be had met with
a great deal of ice on the banks , and had also seen two vessels abandoned and water-logged . " When these two vessels were seen , whether after the 20 th April or _ not , the master of the Sender'sm did not inquire , _ nor did he gain any further mformatiOriTespecting them , his attention having suddenl y been called away to hia owii vessel ; but seeing the accounts of the tffti vessels fallen in with by the Renovation , the whole circumstances of his conversation alluded to as abovej recurred to him most vividly , and suggested to him the possibility that these two vessels fallen ta with by the Doctor Kneip . might be the same seen by the Renovation , and which / from the melting of the ice ,
had slipped off and got clear bf it . I immediately wrote off to GS-alway for the names of any parties connected with the vessels , or any other information that could be obtained , and in addition t o what has already been stated to be the name of the vessel , her port , and owner , I would further beg to add , that she was consigned in New York to Messrs . Logan and Collins , of 69 , South-street , but that the charter parties at Galway have never heard further concerning it . " Two apprentices on board the Renovation have also been examined , and they profess to remember having seen the ships on the I 7 fch of April , 1851 . Of course the search for evidence will be continued , and
anybody who knows anything should at once communicate with Mr . Augustus Stafford , M . P ., the Secretary of the Admiralty .
Emigration:. A Meeting Of The Inhabitant...
emigration :. A meeting of the inhabitants of the district of All Saints , St . John ' s-wood , was held in the school-rooms adjoining the church , on Monday night , for the consideration of means to be adopted for enabling the poor of the locality to emigrate to the Australian colonies . The Rev . H . W . Maddock , the vicar , occupied the chair . Resolutions approving the necessity and desirableness of emigration were moved and seconded by Messrs . Ridgway , Thornton Hunt , and W . Smith , a colonist . The practical result of the meeting was , a resolution that it was desirable committees should be formed throughout the metropolis , and in the various districts of the country , for the purpose of raising funds for emigration purposes ; and the appointment of a committee for the district of All Saints and Portland Town , St . John ' s-wood . On Saturday , and during the week , hundreds of applications have been made by persons of both sexes at the offices of the various commissioners in the city , and at the Government Land and Colonial Emigrationoffice , Park-street , Westminster , for passages to Australia . At the present time there is lying a whole fleet of ships in the various docks of the port of London , chartered for Port Philip , Melbourne , Gcelong , Victoria , & c , which will sail for their respective destinations in June , and early in July , and which arc fast filling with emigrants . The vessels amount to thirty , and they carry upwards of 23 , 000 . At Liverpool , also , there are several vessels of a lame sizo advertised for Australia .
Mr. P. 0. Ward, The Daily Press, And The...
MR . P . 0 . WARD , THE DAILY PRESS , AND THE " LEADER . " We have received with much gratification , and submit to our readers * special attention , the following communication from Mr . P . O . Ward , whose position us a leading contributor to the most powerful organs of public opinion in this country , nnd as the recognised champion of tho Sanitary Party , lends importance to everything that fulls from his pen . Our acknowledgments arc doubly duo to him for a letter , which not only points out ,
but at tho aaino time breaks through , tho systematic mutism with which wo , in common with all political pioneers , are opposed by tho leading journals and reviews of the day . Mr . Ward ' s letter , no doubt , bospeaks plainly onough hi » dissonfc from our opinions ; and his criticism of tho Leader's earlier efforts is , to sny tho least , somewhat overcharged . But wo aro not disposed to quarrel with any portion of a testimony oil tho wholo so honourable nnd so satisfactory , especially as our esteemed correspondent's viows are , an fond , loss opposed than" ho himself thinks thom to our own .
( To tho JSditnr qf tho Leader . ) fiinf—I obsorvod with much ploasuro in your last ' - wook ' u improHfiion ft leador in which you quoted xny vunvn of our London retail distributive system , and robuMod tho charges of " cruelty" and "Utopinnimu" which J ' rotootionint and Frco-trado Journals had united , during tho wouk , to assail mo withal . Homo months ngo I should liavo folt tho conourronoo of tho Jjoadar a aomowhafc equivocal support . Jfyr , undor its original management , your papor always Boomod to mo . ft norfc of intellectual afovo , receiving
iadfscriminately all new ideas , but letting tho moderate on pass , and retaining only the monstroufl ones on its bu ? face . ¦•¦ , ; •¦ '¦ ' ¦ . ¦ ¦ .. . '¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ; ¦ . ¦'¦ . ' ¦¦ ' '¦' ¦• " . ¦ " ¦ - . ' . ¦ ¦ . ¦ : ¦ ; ' ¦ x > *~ Latterly , however , I have observed in your Journal along with undim i nished boldness of speculation , and us impaired vivacity of style , less ^ eagerness for abrupt ituw " vation , and a juster appreciation of resistance to be eft countered side by side with progress to be achieved . It would seem that journals , like men , have their period o £ youthful illusion , their vigorous and influential niaturitv and ( possibly , also , ) their decrepid and timorous old aee ' Without staying to seek examples of newspa per adoles cence and senility , I may point at once to your paper " under itarecent management , as thoroughly exempltfTrU 1 ~ journalistic virility ; seeing' that I find your opinionf even when most at variance with my own , ahvava cnu '
pled with information TVhich challenges attention and argued with a power which , commands respect . ' It is , indeed , because the leading journals and reviews still affect to ignore your existence—opposing you with what : a witty Erenchman , on like occasion , denounced as " theconspiracy of silence " - ^ that I amanxious , formy part to offer you , publicly , along with my thanks for your sup . ' port , the humble tribute of iny eincere esteem . Reverting , in conclusion , to the subject matter of the controversy which called forth your able remarks in my behalf ^ I forward you copies of three letters , addressed , during the week , to the editors of the & lobe and the Herald ; in the hope that you may find time for their perusal , and perhaps also space for their insertion . I have the honour to be , Sir , with much consideration , your obedient servant , F . O . Wabd .
The Bookseltebs Comfclltatigny {To The E...
THE BOOKSELtEBS COMfcllTATIGNy { To the Editor effhe JUtrrning Chronicle . ) Sie , —In this morning ' s report of the booksellers' meeting , held yesterday at Iiord Campbell ' s house , I observe that a note of mine Was selected by Mr . Seeley for special animadversion , from among eighty ? iiine letters on the bookselling question , lately addressed by as many authors to Mr . Parker , who has published the whole series in a pamphlet . Mr . Seeley is reported to have charged me with " an avowed desire to get rid of- —to exterminate , in fact—four-fifths or seven-eighths of the present retail tradesmen ; so as tp . reduce London to the size of Bristol , and Bristol to the size of Bedford—shipping off the
surplus traders to Van Diemen ' s Land ; I am anxious to disclaim these imputed designs of exterminating and expatriating superfluous traders , and to Bhow that such an improved retail system as I recommend , so far from tending to depopulate the metropolis , or to injure trade , would promote the healthy development of both . _ . ¦ . - ¦ - . . - ¦¦ ... " ^ My opinion of the retail question , as stated in my letter , and previously at the booksellers' meeting in the Strand , is that " the undue multiplicati on of retail shops in London lies at the root of the evil . London covers about 100 square miles , and 100 retail book-shops , planted one in tho centre of each square mile , would bring a book-shop within
five minutes' average distance of creij man ' s door . Instead of this , wo have above 1000 retail book-shops in London , a these so ill distributed t hat in many streets half a dozen may bo seen clustered within a stone ' s throw of each other ; while in other streets there is not one . Thus the London book-buyers are paying for some 800 or 900 establishments more than are needed to do the work of distribution ; and these useless establishments—assuming them , for argument ' s sake , to cost 600 Z . a-year each on the average—constitute a charge of 400 , 000 Z . to 460 , 00 W . per annum , which tho book-buyors now pay , and' which might be saved by ap . improvod organization of , the trade . Competition , pushed to this unduo extreme , tends obviously not to diminish , but to enliance , tho pneo ot tho suffice to
commodity sold ; for tho profit whioh would remunorato 100 rotailors , becomes insufficient whon divided amongst 1000 . Under such circumstances , prices tond to rise , till thoy afford tho over numorous traders at least ft subsistence j and tho tradors , feoling that thoy ore individually ill paid , naturally tond to combino for the maintenance of their prices against tho public . " There is , I think , but ono romody for this evil-j-viz ., to reduce tho number and improvo tho topographical distribution of tho retail establishments ; and the opomng « tho trade will only bo usoful , it seoms to mo , in so lar a » it tends to bring about this result . If the number ot retailors should remain undiminished , thoy will hei lain w replace tho aboliohod restrictions by a tacit combinatiOT , or undoretandinff with respect to prices , amongst
tnomsolvos . T i n " Such a tacit combination exists among tlio l-onuo . bakers , notwithstanding that thoir trado is nomtonUy JMo-For whoroas in Paris , 001 bakors servo a mi' ^ S ) wo havo in London 2800 bakers to a population oi A ^ jr . ,, —or more than twico as many balcors as wo need . * ¦ mainly in conscquonco of this fact that , yrhilo com )» »' J 6 per cont . dearer in London than in Paris , browV ia 1 ta « 36 to 40 por cont . dearor horo than thoro . JNol ) *' . % V London bakers got individually moro prolit than tllj ?* r * , risian brothron , but that tho total profits of tbo Lon ^ retail broad-trado aro divided among moro tlian » wic » many tradora ; or , in othor words , aro wanto ( l v in Jctui » up some twolvo or iaurfiqon liuntlrod unnooossfliy u blishmontH , .. / ± ,. _ i , nrato " Itisacuriqus fact , tending , I tlnnk , to ™ l * r ™ iL my viow , that in 1807 thoro woro 089 bakors »/ « noo tl . oir numbor ( which in regulated by law ) i has ^ l-eon * at tnoir sonciiiawow ¦
roiiuoofi own —w >« " ««••• - - » jj , o Horibinir to buy up , at a fair oomponHation , t lofio v . ostablislunonts which thoy considered »" i « oftbo consoquontly dotrimontal to tho economical conduce " trft ( lo < . , i « ni vino ( or « Now , though public opinion is ^ ortiiwily ¦ noi r « P * Biioh an organization of tho London trade , cnW' Vmsituto or in books , yot tho Btaunohes <) FroO-trftdor wg ^ Wj , " I tlunk , to roconunond that tho Paneian mm-w
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), June 5, 1852, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_05061852/page/8/
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