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November 6, 1852.] THE LEADER. 1059
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THE STATE OF TRADE. J3ASIN& its remarks ...
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EMIGRATION AND COLONIZATION. Mk. Alexand...
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KAIL WAY SMASHING. < ! <Mdknth" will hap...
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l'KOdkKSS OF ASSOCIATION. Latter from M....
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The Launch Of The Bengal. The Bengal, A ...
The company carry the mails to and from Alexandria , the East Indies , Singapore , China , and Australia . Mr . Anderson is quite justified in claiming for the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company the Tank of the first maritime private enterprise the world 3 has yet seen . .
November 6, 1852.] The Leader. 1059
November 6 , 1852 . ] THE LEADER . 1059
The State Of Trade. J3asin& Its Remarks ...
THE STATE OF TRADE . J 3 ASIN & its remarks on the usual trade reports for last week in the daily papers , the Globe surveys the actual state of commerce with reference not only to the week , but to the progressive advancement of prosperity for several weeks past . " Glance over the whole country and its staple trades , and you will find the same character of activity ; the exceptions confirming the rule by their peculiar character . The iron-trade is uncommonly brisk , and is subject to a prog ressive rise of price . Bargains are now made under the conviction that iron will be 10 Z . a ton before it is lower . The ' suffering' in this trade is felt ' by those who
Jiave not had prudence or foresight to lay m stock six or eight weeks ago . ' Whether we look to heavy machinery , hardware , rails , or guns , it is the same ; orders are ' hawked about ! ' The ancillary trade of coals partakes in the briskness . Here the anticipated difficulties are , that the men will require more wages , and that the supply will not keep pace with the demand . In Manchester they are reporting a progressive increase : yarns are a farthing per pound higher than they were last week ; a penny threeeighths more than they were a month ago . Shirtings continue to go up , and are now 10 ^ d . per piece above what they were a month back . In Leeds , which , down to last summer , did not seem to be altogether keeping pace with the development of prosperity in some of its off-lying
towns , there now is reported ' a steady , and continuous , and legitimate trade throughout the entire month , ' both in the halls and in the warehouses ; with an upward tendency at the last moment . The trade of the present autumn was ' never exceeded . ' Bradford , we know , is very busy , and has been so for months , after a very brief depression falling upon a trade that had astonished the men themselves for some years . In the summer , Bradford men were prophesying blackly ; they are now as busy as they can be . Even in Nottingham , so often desponding , active work inspires hope and confidence ; and the hosiers ' are , if possible , more fully engaged than ever . ' Linen is in the like condition . It is not at home , therefore , that we must look for any causes of serious apprehension .
" There is not a branch of commerce in which America does not occupy a conspicuous place . Manchester acknowledges America both a consumer and a producer in the highest rank ; a large part of the orders brought to tho iron districts come from America ; America is active in IVottingham , particularly in helping the otherwise dull branch of lace ; the ' fall trade' in Leeds has been great ; in Bradford , the American houses are active ; and iu Bel-Cist ' there is every prospect of a good spring trade with the United States . "
It has been remarked that , at all the fairs and markets for the disposal of produce which have been recently held in Wales , the stock has been sold at advancing prices , and , generally speaking 1 , a rise has been established upon all kinds of live-stock and grain . In those districts where railways are in the course of construction , or in contemplation , agricultural men servants demanded and obtained higher wages .
Emigration And Colonization. Mk. Alexand...
EMIGRATION AND COLONIZATION . Mk . Alexander Campbell , secretary of tho Canadian Lund and Ilnilway Association , has forwarded to us the following resolutions submitted by him to a meeting of engineers connected with tho late disputes , and agreed to : — "That as skill and labour are- tho most essential olomemts for the production of wealth , it is , therefore , of great importance that every person able and willing to work should l ><> lound employment , as idleness loads to individual poverty , to ignorance and crime , and consequently to national depravity , anarchy , and ruin . " That in order to avoid the evil coiiHoquencea on compulsory idleness , reuniting from Trade SoeietieH , strikes , or otherwise , it in now indispensiblo that tho Hocieties should lie reorganized according to law upon Hound principles of usnof , iut , ion , for the regular employment of their skill , luliour , and money capital . '' I'lial , the first practical step towards the reorganization ° ' I rade Societies is the lull recognition of individual r'ghln and duties . That nkill and labour is individual •¦ 'ipital . That tho wages received is tho intorost , of t . hat . ' ¦ 'ipilal , and that such capital can he better employed nixl "iiule more productive for the individual and society on tho princip le of ( Jo-operative Joint Stock Association than can )( u , '' luil (; d hy isolated exertion and competition . ' hat Mm plan submitted lo tho executive council of a I |( > Amal gamated Society of Engineers , Aic , by . Mr . j | l <; xan <| ( n - Campbell , Secretary of tho Canadian Land and uuway Association , for the establishment of industrious " "UcH in connexion with the railways about being coiut "'" " ' . ' ' h ( i provinces of Hrilish . North America , appears * Ins council based on correct principles , oilers a fnvoura' oppor tunity i ; , ihe establishment , of engineering and ' "" ' J > P < 'HitioiiH combined with trade , manufactures , and ( ''"'culture , and therefore well worthy of being supported y "'» whole trades of Great . Kritaiu ' nnd Ireland .
Kail Way Smashing. < ! <Mdknth" Will Hap...
KAIL WAY SMASHING . < < Mdknth" will happen on railways , if , appears , but ( . Y are mainl y caused by want of punctuality and c '" regard of ri " , loH _ q jyfou ( i ,, y tho express started
from Brighton ten minutes after its proper time ; those ten minutes were not regained . Mark the consequences . At the Kedhill station , there stood a " pick-up" engine , that is , an engine which had been engaged in gathering together here and there goods wagons all up the line . These were being disposed of on the sidings about the time when the express should have dashed past Redhill . The signals were down , intimating to the express driver that the line was clear $ and on he came . But want of punctuality inflicts
injury on others than those who are unpunctual . It was ten minutes after the express time . The driver of the pick-up , not regarding the fact that the signals were down , commenced " shunting" his engine , and before he had completed that dangerous process up came the express at a furious rate , and dashed into the pick-up ; both engines danced about in a fearful manner , and when they came to a stand the passengers got out . Nobody was killed , but there were black eyes and bleeding noses in great plenty , and one lady broke her thigh .
The next day the guard , driver , and fireman , of the goods or pick-up train , and the pointsman , were examined before the Reigate magistrates . It was clearly shown that the pick-up should not have shunted until the express was known to have passed ; that the pointsman ought not to have opened the points ; and that there was great carelessness on all sides . It was also shown that the station was under-manned . The following order and circular were read : — " London , Brighton , and South-Coast Railway , " Traffic Ma ' nager ' s-office , Brighton , Sept . 13 . " NOTICB TO STATION-MASTEES , BIGKNALMEIf , AND
OTHEKS . "No engine or train must be put across the main line on any account until the distance signals have been pulled over to 'Danger , ' and no engine or train must be crossed at any junction when an express train is due , under any circumstances . I am , & c . " Geokge Hawkins . " " Traffic Manager ' s Office , Brighton , July , 1852 . " Sir , —I have seen , with a great deal of pain , in the public prints , that several very serious accidents have lately occurred on different lines of railway r " There are few of these accidents which might not have been prevented if common care , forethought , and attention had been used .
" I am still more sorry to say there have been several acts of carelessness on our own line , which might have led to serious results , and which would lose us the proud distinction of being one of the most carefully conducted lines in England . " Fellow-servanta , let me entreat you not to forfeit your good name ; let increased caro and attention show your determination to prevent these awful occurrences here . Above all , regard the main line as something sacred , never to be obstructed unless absolutely necessary , and then only after every precaution has been taken and every signal rightly shown .
" Engine-drivers , you know tho dangerous points ; be watchful there , prompt and ready to act with decision and energy if the signal-man has done wrong . All of you remember , a moment ' s thoughtlessness may cause the loss of precious lives , and that wo can only retain our reputation by never-ceasing vigilance . " Yours truly , ( Signed ) " G . Hawkins . "
The four men were sentenced to two months imprisonment , with hard labour . Mr . Coningham , who was in the express train , has sent the following letter to the Times .- — " Sik ,- —Permit mo to direct public attention to the real cause of tho accident which occurred yesterday on the Brighton Railway—namely , want of punctuality , which has also been the cause of most of the filial collisions on railways .
" The 10 o'clock express tram , by winch I was a passenger , started eight minutes after 10 from the Brighton terminus , and was further delayed by some obstructions on the road , so that it arrived at , the old . licd-hill station fully 10 minutes after the time at which it was duo . The want of punctuality in an express train was bad enough , but the " shunting" of a goods' train backwards and forwards , across the lino by which the express was approaching at . a rapid rale , was a wilful and reckless mode of trifling with human life , which cannot be too severely punished .
" The amount of human suffering inflicted in a moment , of time by sueli a collision cannot ho estimated merely by the apparent , wounds and contusions . Tho violence * oi ' such a shock as this has . sent , more I him one unfortunate victim prematurely to the grave , und made the remainder of his life a scono of miserable and prolonged suffering . " 1 have tho honour to be , Sir , your obedient , servant , " VV 11 , 1 , 1 AM CoNlNilitAM . " Kemp-town , Nov . 2 . " Mr . (' oningham has hit ; the right , nu . il on the head . Hut how , when unpuiietunlily is a system , ciin accidents he expected , out of courtesy ( o Mir , passe likens , not to hiippcu ?
L'Kodkkss Of Association. Latter From M....
l ' KOdkKSS OF ASSOCIATION . Latter from M . Lcchevatier ! SL Andrtf to the Society for I ' ro mot in ;/ YVorkiny Men ' s Associations . | Wl ! have received , and very willingly publish , tho subjoined letter from M . . 1 . Leehevalier JSt . Andre " , to tho Secretary of tho Society for Promoting Working Men ' s
Associations . The importance of the communication justifies the length ; and the length compels us to omit again this week the first of a series of articles on the Reports of this Society and of the recent Co-operative Conference . ] 20 , Albany Street , Begent ' s Park , November 3 rd , 1852 . My deab , fuieijd Shoetek , —I have received , in due time , your note of the 21 st October last , being a summons for the Special General Meeting of the Council , which was to take place on the 2 nd inst ; You mentioned in your communication that tho object of the meeting was "to consider the present condition of the Council and the state of the Society generally . " It was my duty to attend , or , if unwilling or unable to do so , I should have answered your summons beforo the time appointed .
Owing to a great pressure of occupations , for which I am more especially responsible , and which are , in fact , my work for daily bread , I could not find leisure to write to the Council to such extent as is required by my present state of mind with respect to the principles and constitutions of the Society , and the manner in which they are carried on . I beg you , at your first opportunity , to offer this my excuse to the General Council for not having been present at tho meeting , and to state that I am resolved no more to attend any meeting of the Society for Promoting Working Men's Associations , as long as that Society remains under its present constitution ; or , if the constitution is to be reformed , until I have stated in writing my views on the subject .
If what you style " a Special General Meeting" of the Council had been summoned for considering and adopting the Report just published , ( and I believe that such a meeting of the Council previous to the publication of the Heport would have been expedient , not to say anything more , ) I would have done , on that occasion , what I am now doing : this being the first opportunity offered to me since I have left the Central Co-operative Agency : and , indeed , it would have prevented iny personal responsibility being involved in principles and business statements wliich . I cannot undertake to support—nay , which I feel now bound in duty to disavow . I have always considered , and I do still consider , tho work begun by tho Kev . Prof . F . D . Maurice , as President
of the Society , in obedience to the earnest wishes of his friends and disciples ( among whom I shall always be happy to be numbered , as far as compatible with the dictates of my conscience in certain especial cases ) , as one of the most important and best justified temporal initiatives ever assumed by any ordained minister of the Church Catholic , ever since the apostolic preaching and establishment of Christianity . It is really , in my opinion , tho work of the Church in this present age , and therefore I have done , and am doing every day , my best to serve it . But , on account of these very reasons , I never took any step , either as ordinary or as extraordinary member of the Council , without mature consideration , and in perfect calmness of mind . I wish the Council to accept this as my apology for writing to you to-dav at such length .
You may recollect that I was one of the first and tho most earnest iu udvocaling tho necessity of an organisation , of a council , of a central board , finally , of a constitution . The constitution , as first , adopted , seemed to mo very imperfect , but it was understood that it would bo modified according to tho teaching of timo and experience . Ever since , time and experience have taught much , and , I dare say , in tho sense of the measures which I often advised the Council to adopt . " Time and tide tarry for no man , " as tho proverb says . it is especially true with respect to men of business , and Working-men ' s associations are , above all , business . They must not be , ( hoy cannot be , charitable institutions .
A move became soon necessary , and , as f he Society for Vromotintj H ' orkinij-HTeii ' s Associations did not move , the Central Co-operative Agency was instituted as u matter of business-convenience , and even of necessity . I found that my personal position as a partner in that concern , was incompatible with the position of an ordinary member of the Council , which I had occupied hitherto . I resigned , and proposed to remain an extraordinary member , which 1 still profess to be . Whatever amount , of good the Central , Co-operative Atfc-ncy has done , and is still doing , 1 felt that , on account of the first results , brought , about , after one year ' s working of the constitution of that establishment , I was no inoro wanted there , and also that something else had to bo done , in sovcral ways , to secure the success hu {\\ o [' i , \ wCo-operativc
Stores and the H ' orkhirf- M en's Associations , nay , to prevent their complete failure ns thriving specimens of true industrial association and co-operation . Such being tho cane , I resigned iny situation as partner in the Cent . rat Co-operatii > e Agency , to stick out elsewhere for the complementary conditions of " our common work . " I say " our common work , " because it . is so , and will remain so , in spite of any individual and personal separation . Division of laliour nuist , not , bo turned either into moral dis . sidenoo , or into antagonistic coin petit ion . Among the most , immediate exigencies of our common work , must decidedly lie ' reckoned the object , pointed out in ( ho summons sent . t . o 1110 , namely , " to consider tho present , condition of tho Council , and ( ho slate of II 10 Hoaititu for I ' romotiiur WorkitHi-Mcii ' s Associations . " ,
I am determined , in consequence , to take this opportunity of considering , more maturely still than 1 did before , I . ho difficulties , the neriiploH , and the indescribable mental anxieties under which I have laboured , those lust , throe yours , with ro ^ iird to the affairs of the Society , to put iu writing the views I have to slate , and to mtlmiit . nt once the whole of them , not only to a setf-e / eeltul and nelf-limiting council , I > ut . to the public at large , iu order that friends and enemies of industrial association and cooperation ( Clod never ptira up useless onomieu to u good
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 6, 1852, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_06111852/page/7/
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