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M I ' vative ministers alike NOTICES TO ...
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— ¦ ? - — ¦ TVf TB1S DEPARTMENT, AS ALL ...
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There is no learned man but -will confes...
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CULTIVATION OF COTTON IN INDIA. ( To tlt...
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NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. No notice can...
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-*-"- \_y - . -^ . SATURDAY, MAECH7, 185...
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——? ¦ ¦¦ There is nothing so revolutiona...
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COMING DISSOLUTION OF PARLIAMENT. Tjobd ...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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M I ' Vative Ministers Alike Notices To ...
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— ¦ ? - — ¦ Tvf Tb1s Department, As All ...
— ¦ ? - ¦ TVf TB 1 S DEPARTMENT , AS ALL OPINIONS , HOWEVER EXTREME , ABE ALLOWED AN EXPRESSION , THE EDITOR NECESSARILY J 10 LSS HIMSELF BBSrOKSlBU : FOB NOSK . l
There Is No Learned Man But -Will Confes...
There is no learned man but -will confess he hath much profited by reading controversies , his senses ¦ awakened , and his judgment sharpened . If , then , it be profitable for him . to read , why should it not , at least . be tolexablefor his adversary to -write ?—Mixton
Cultivation Of Cotton In India. ( To Tlt...
CULTIVATION OF COTTON IN INDIA . ( To tlte Editor of the Leader . ') Sib , —Having-, in connexion-with a few others , spent much time and money in the years IS 41 and 1842 in acquiring and disseminating accurate information on the subject of cotton cultivation in India , you may i magine that I have read with no little interest your able article , headed " Slavery Abolition , and Cotton Supply , " in tlie last number of your journal . I say able article , because I am in a position to know that you have placed before the public the most prominent facts on this really great question . You commence by alluding- to the probability of a
scanty cotton cropm the United . States , and the dire mischief which such a catastrophe would produce in our factory districts . The evils can scarcely be overrated . I remember Lord Ellenborough , when Governor-General of India , to have said that , looking at its effects in Great Britain , he dreaded a famine in cotton more than a famine in bread . Then as to the slave question . At the period 1 have named , and subsequently , I have taken many occasions , publicly and privately , of impressing on
the Abolitionists the paramount importance of instituting or encouraging all efforts to obtain our supplies of cotton from the East instead of the West , as : the surest , easiest , and most speedy and legitimate way of getting rid of slavery . It was truly said by Mr . Gurney , at the Annual Meeting of the Anti-Slavery Society in 1841 , that , " if a supply of cotton could be obtained from any other part of the world , no greater stab could be given to slavery in the United States . "
That sucli a supply can be obtained from our territory in the East , -whenever those most interested will it , and use the proper means—now well ascertained—is quite certain . ¦ When I and my colleagues were engaged in agitating the subject in 1841-2 , there were many difficulties which have since been overcome . Hail ways have been made in-various directions in India , giving a facility of transit much needed , instead of sending the staple loosely and carelessly packed on the backs of bulLocks to the pLace of shipment . That enormous burden the land-tax , too , operating in some districts
almost as a prohibition on cultivation , taking from the ryots one half of their produce , is , it seems , in course of abatement and adjustment . From the result of interviews we had with the Governor-General of India , tlie Court of Directors of the East India Company , and the President of the Board of Control , I am satisfied that this might have been accomplished fifteen years ago , if the men of Manchester and Glasgow had then , as they were expected , pursued their real interests , instead of waiting until now , when they are absolutely threatened with a scarcity , if not a famine , in their raw material .
It is to be hoped they will now bestir themselves in the way you , sir , have indicated . It is British capital . andBritisliintelligence in superintending the application of that capital , which is required . A company should bo forthwith formed , having for its object the supply of the British markets with cotton of Indian growth , of equal quality and at least as low a rate as that now brought from America , though I am satisfied it may be produced lower . For this purpose the company should ;—1 . Make advances to tho native growers to enable them
to oxtend and improve the cultivation of cotton , upon tho same system which has so long and successfully been -practised in tho cultivation of iudigo . 2 . Furnish tho growers from time to time with such seed as may bo desirable from other countries . 3 . Introduce tin improved practico of picking , cleaning , and packing tlie cotton , thoso l ) oing tho points on which its valuo essentially depends as an article of British commerce , and iu which the natives of India aro chiefly deficient .
It is gratifying to find by your article that Mr-Shaw , who lias hud practical experience in the recent experiments of improved cotton culture in India , is now in this country , prepared to give information on the subject ; and for many graver reasons it is much to be hoped that the presunt your may not bo allowed to pass away without seoiug formed a vigorous company , with adequate capital , for iiommc . 'iieiii" ; at onoo tho cultivation and importation ul Indian cotton . W . i ' AKjK . Seville Works , Dublin , Feb . 18 , 1857 .
Notices To Correspondents. No Notice Can...
NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS . No notice can be taken of anonymous coxrespondence . Whatever is intended for insertion rriust be authenticated by the name and address of the writer ; not-necessarily for publication , but as a guarantee of his good faitb . It is impossible to acknowledge tli 9 mass of letters w & receive . T"heir . insertion is often delayed , owing to a . press of matier ; and when omitted , it is frequently from reasons quite independent of the merits of the cormnuaiea tion . .. ¦ Wo cannct undertake to return rejected communications . Communications should always bo legibly written , and on one side of . the paper only . If long , it increases tho difficulty of finding space for them . During tho Sessiou of Parliament it is often impossible to find room for correspondence , even the briefest . ¦ "KrrvnTnTJB rnr \ rn"kTDT > 'i ? a'DfwrTVEwmia
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-*-"- \_Y - . -^ . Saturday, Maech7, 185...
- * - " - \_ y - . - ^ . SATURDAY , MAECH 7 , 1857 .
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——? ¦ ¦¦ There Is Nothing So Revolutiona...
——? ¦ ¦¦ There is nothing so revolutionary , because tiiereis nothing so unnatural and convulsive , as the strain to keep things fixed -when all the -world is by ttievery lav of its creation , in . eternal progress . —Db . Ajknoid . .. ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ _ +. ¦ - . . . ¦ . .
Coming Dissolution Of Parliament. Tjobd ...
COMING DISSOLUTION OF PARLIAMENT . Tjobd Palmebstok follows tlie only constitutional course open to hint when , he appeals from the House of Commons to the .. country , ' instead of attempting to carry on . the administration with a Parliament by ¦ ¦ which , his policy has been censured- The insignificance ' of-the ' majority Scarcely affects the question . Nor is it of much importance to inquire
whetlier one x ^ ai'ty or a combination of parties has succeeded . ili obtaining judgment against the Minister . He stands , no doubt , at the head of the largest following hi the House of Commons—a following much larger than that of Lord Deebt , and greater than that commanded some years ago by liord John K / UsseijIj ; but he has sustained on © defeat , and may sustain , many , should he endeavour to hold office in the face of even
so heterogeneous an opposition ; his temerity wouli only exasperate the coalesced cliques on the Tory and Independent benches . It may be that the recent division represented the passions of a cabal rather than any serious convictions relating to an affair of Chinese policy ; hut that would only demonstrate ' still more conclusively the necessity for a partial reconstitution of the House of" Commons . If a majority could bo packed upon such a question , it ia obvious that one adverse vote after another might be forced , until the position of tlie Cabinet became altogether untenable .
The alternative lies between resigning office and dissolving Parliament . Sir lio-BEitr WAxroM : was in power for twentyfive years ; a vote of want of confidence was then moved against him ; it was lost by a majority of three ; ho was then opposed on an election question and defeated ; thereupon ho relinquished office . Lord North ,, in 1782 , met two want-of-confidenco motions , and , being supported by only alight majorities , retired . Juord Sldmouth would not carry on tho Government after his working majority had been reduced to
thirtyseven . Jjord JjiVKiiPOoii resigned his authority at tho fuet of a majority composed of no more , than four in ambers ; oven the Duke of Wklj . inciton , in 1830 , yielded , under tho advice of Sir Robiilt Pkel , to a majority of twenty-nine . ( Sir itowKitT I ? i 5 i 3 L himself , livo year ' later , surrendered to the adverse votes of Parliament . When Lord Djskbv ; resigned in 1853 , upon tho rejection of his Budget , it was becuuao lie felt , not only that by a majority of twenty tho House of Commons had refused Ins liminco , but that it " declared generally aguins hid policy and authority . Whig and
Conservative ministers alike have admitted in practice that to attempt governing with a minority , is to set at defiance the principle of parliamentary representation , to excite contempt , and to challenge the inveterate hostility of an Opposition , that has been victorious , and is denied the fruits of victory . But Lord Paxmekstobt will not resign . He is right : but then he must dissolve . The . _ . _ • . .. ,
conspicuous dissolution of the last half century was that of 1831 ; the Government had been left with , a majority of one ; shortly after it was defeated by a majority of eight , and next by twenty-two . Parliament was dissolved . The dissolution which followed the final passage of the Ueforiu Bill was a matter of course , to exercise the new faculties of the British constitution . Then came the
dissolution of 1835 . Sir Robebt was not followed by a third of the House of Comm ons ; lie tried the experiment of a general election ; it failed to reverse the relation of parties , and the minister was compelled to retire . An election took place in 1837 . That Parliament lasted through four sessions , and in 1841 was dissolved after a vote of want of confidence had been carried against the Ministers by a majority of one . The general election of 184-1 was of vast
importance . It settled tbe question for some years between the Whigs and Tories . The Parliament returned , in spite of all that official activity and influence could effect , was intensely hostile to the Liberal party , and the Melbourne Administration fell , exhausted and damaged in character . The appeals to the country , made upon the abolition of the Corn Laws , and upon the accession of Lord Derby to office , were also examples of Grovernments with an inefficient actual following
endeavouring to strengthen themselves , and resigning when the verdict went against them . It would be ridiculous on the part of Lord Palmebston to go to the country upon the Chinese question alone ; he must go upon a policy , and what is that policy to be ? Not the weak drifting of the past three-years , [ for no Russian war is now upon our hands ; the Persian dispute is at an end ; tho Chinese difficulty cannot stand by itself as an obstacle
in the way of reform . Lord Palmeiiston will not bid against Lord Dekby only , but against Lord John Hussjeli ,, Sir James Guajiam , and those other leaders who have already professed themselves in favour of an extended programme . A general election is a season of pledges and promises ; the whole body of voters in the three kingdoms must not be Drought to tho hustings and invited to jndge between Sir John BowniN-a and Mr . Cohdjsn . That is
a serious matter , but not serious enough to furnish a basis for six or seven years of imperial legislation ; tho Parliament elected this year may have a great work fb do ; it can scarcely pass away without discussing the loading topic of parliamentary reform ; it ia with reference to that topic that candidates will bo cross-examined by constituencies ; and Lord Palmekston" will be required to explain how
far he ia prepared to go . It does not follow that tlioso who have upheld hiy Ghineso policy , and have been disgusted by tho iactiouw combination against it , should defend his evasive indilucrentism . at a general election against the activity of more liberal statesmen . Tho forthcoming struggle should be a great trial of national questions , not of any special issue ; we cannot blame the first Minister for
vindicating tho conduct of his representatives in the East ; but ; from the moment that a new Parliament ia announced , the Liberal party must gather under its old HtaiuhirtlB , and contend , not for tho bombardment of Canton , but for political progress—for representative reform Mvon a Ministry of " all I . ho Talents" is preferable to a Ministry of all tho Claptraps .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), March 7, 1857, page 11, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_07031857/page/11/
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