On this page
- Departments (1)
-
Text (8)
-
107ft THE LEADER.
-
Thk Sanitary Commission on the Seat of W...
-
BIRTHS, MAERIAGES, AND DEATHS. BIRTHS. A...
-
THORNDALE. ~ TAorndale V or ^ The Confli...
-
'l^VrriHHVllTn d^)UlllUilU» I 4
-
We should do oui utmost to encourage the...
-
<3K3B22 ^RP<©<!>J&ffl3?iteasr<B 2£*&S£>S...
-
FKOM THE LONDON GAZKTTK. Tucsdaps Novemb...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Anci Ent Husbandry Charle3 Ir^Handm Deli...
clouds , swarms of insects , the colours painted on the slcy by the setting sun , the ^ ground Togs round Hjmettus , the vapours on the Capharean peaks . He judged from .. circles round the moon , meteors , rainbows , bubbles -on the surface of a river , the cry of the crane or chaffinch , the flight of island birds , the roll of dolphins , the creeping of the land toad into his pool , the burning of the candle-wick , and a hundred other natural omens . But xt -was in the processes of agriculture that the Greek ingenuity most conspicuously displayed itself . The farmer , if wealthy , kept smiths , carpenters , and potters' works upon his land , and constructed his own waggons— -with ilex axles , maple yokes for the oxen , poplar or mulberry felloes in the wheels . His harrow and plough were of primitive design up to a late age , he crushed , his corn in a mortar , which the Arab of to-day might be supposed to from
nave copied Attica ; his minor implements were numerous and varied ; he applied manure to the soil , andjustly appreciated the qualities of guano . Few improvements have been made on the manure-pits of ancient Greece . Following the husbandman through the successive stages of his industry , from , planting to reaping , we note a considerable number of practices , often stated to be inventions of modern times , and some which have fallen into desuetude ; as , for example , when a young girl walked naked round a meadow , with a live fowl in her hands , to blight the choke-weed and restharrow . Whatever result was produced by this innocent incantation , the corn , at the rising of the Pleiades , and when the May-garlands where huh «¦ upon Athenian doors , assumed a deep gold colour , and the sickles were sharpened in Salamis and Achaia . Then , the produce was laid up in granaries reared on lofty basements , the floors being newly swept and smeared with oil , ^ or spr inkled with the ashes of oaken twigs ; and lastly , the Thalusian festival took place , equivalent to our Harvest JSome The Greek authors
supply a singular abundance of details on the floriculture of their contemporaries , on the artificial blanching of roses , on the planting of garlic near their roots with the fanciful intention of enhancing their fragrance , on the immersion of lily-bulbs in cinnabar dye and purple wine , on the use of myrtleberries as fruit , on the cultivation of stoneless peaches , niebald figs , and almonds bearing natural inscriptions . But the Geoponica is not more delusive than Tlmy , nor did simplicity die with the traders in Clielidonian or Philabeian fruits . In his view of Roman husbandry , Dr . Daubeny indicates many similar points , occasionally , indeed , illustrating liis subject by a Greek example : like the Greeks , the Romans prized above all other kinds the manure yielded by birds , rejecting that of the aquatic species , unless mixed with superior qualities . The sweepings of dovecots were highly valued . He does not mention that tie Romans manured their vineyards , after the Greek fashion , with powdered lentils , acorns , and other vegetable substances . ¦'¦ ¦ ; : / ¦ - ¦ - ¦'¦" :: - .. ¦ ' ¦ ¦ "¦¦ \ ' ' ' : ¦ : ¦ ' " '¦¦ . ' . ' : ' .. ' ¦ - '' . ¦' ¦ " . - . - ¦' ¦ : ' '¦' . ' - ¦ ¦ : '
In his notice of the Roman gardens Dr . Daubeny enters into an interesting disquisition on th ^ fl ^ the ancients . The picture , in Greece , is made up of glimpses ; in Rome we have more detailed descriptions . As Dr . Daubeny remarks , the use of chaplets necessitated the cultivation pf flowers , although ' winter coronets were made from shavings variously dyed , which afterwards gave way to gold and silver . Moreover , a realm in the antique mythology was peopled with the spirits of plants and flowers , rendering them sacred ; the laurel , the cypress , the myrtle , and the pine swayed their legendary shadows over the jnint , which Pluto loved , and the rose campion from the bath of Venus . Among fruits lie considers tliat the melon was unknown before the times of Pliny and Columella ; but we remember , we think , earlier allusions to a plan for perfuming it by keeping the seed in a bed of rose-leaves . Very possibly , however , there is a confusion between the names of the melon and the cucumber . We have been
disappointed to find him keeping so closely within Columella ' s limits as to say nothing of apple and pear orchards , or of the quinces esteemed as fragrant as violets . The peach , he observes , was brought from Persia , sind Columella alludes to the fable of its poisonous qualities . " Could this
mistake arise , " asks Dr . Daubeny , " from a knowledge of the poisonous properties of the prussic acid existing in the kernels of the peach ? " It may be observed that a notion prevailed in Egypt , probably referring to the secret of the Psylli , that a citron eaten early in the morning was an antidote against all kinds of poison . Its juice , injected into the veins , would have a similar effect . Blackberries , when perfectly ripe , were eaten by the Romans , and by the Greeks j were considered a preventative of gout . Bitter almonds , it was thought , checked intoxication , and there is somewhere an anecdote about the physician of the . Emperor Tiberius , who , if he had eaten his usual quantity of this fruit , would drink three bottles of strong wine , but otherwise easily succumbed . With what the Athenians would have called his amygdalocatuctes—a word we recommend to our art-manufacturers—before him , he was not afraid of something more powerful thsin a Coptic draught . Dr . Daubeny ' s lectures are interesting and likely to be useful . They display great learning , care , and critical and scientific sagacity .
107ft The Leader.
107 ft THE LEADER .
[ No . 398 , November 7 , 1857
Thk Sanitary Commission On The Seat Of W...
Thk Sanitary Commission on the Seat of War in the : East .- —A thick blue-book , of three hundred pages , issued last Saturday , contains the report of the proceedings ! of the Sanitary Commission despatched by Lord Panmure to the scat of war in the East ( 1855-6 ) . It goes over the ' grounds so o £ r > i trodden during tho war , and makes various suggestions with reference to tho sanitary condition of armies .
Births, Maeriages, And Deaths. Births. A...
BIRTHS , MAERIAGES , AND DEATHS . BIRTHS . ALLOTSf—November 1 , the wife of ilio Itcv . H . Allon of St . Wary ' B-road , Canonbury : a daughtor-BECK . —November 3 , at tho Parsonage , High Beech , Essex , tho wife of tho llcv . Ii . A . Beck : si daughter . MARRIA . GES . LENNOX—HUTCHESSON . — At Catcl , Guernsey , Major Atigijstus Lennox , Royal Artillery son of Lord George Lennox , to Amy , daughter of JonUua Trlault , Esq ., of Candle , and widow of Thonatw Uutchefiaon ,
haa-TENCH—HARGltAVES . —At Edge-hill , Liverpool , Richard Tench , Esq ., of Ludlow , to Elizabeth Alice , daughter of tho lato Captain John Hargravcs , of Liverpool . DEATHS . ASHBTJRNKR . —Killed , at Cawnporo , by tho mutineers , Lieut . lSnniut Aahburner , Itengal Artillery , son of Willlatn PnKo Ashburncr , Esq ., formerly of Kombay , and grandaon of w l ) uwn « or LAdy Forboa . of Newo . CROWLEY . —On the 4 tli inat ., while on a visit to his brother-in-law , at O , Uloom Hold-street , Finabury-circuH , Nicholas Joseph Crowley , Esq ., it . H . A ., of i : » . Upper l'Hzroy-streot , and late of Lecson-streot , i ) ublin .
Thorndale. ~ Taorndale V Or ^ The Confli...
THORNDALE . ~ TAorndale V or ^ The Conflict ofOpinims . By William Smith , Author of « Athelwnl , i a Lirama , & c . Black ¦ ri ^ Htt : TAomtaleJs a book of thoughts . It contains a story of strong human infp " rest , yet the narrative , the characters , the situations are but aeceSo ? ii fo the enters philosophical analysis of passions and opinions , inEuenc r . ™ n nervous , cultivated , intensely sad ,. and speculative mind . The work is o ^ n structed upon a peculiar plan . Tirst , the author describes himself as the friend of Thorndale , who upon hearmg himself condemned as a consumn tive patient , went to Naples to die . There , on the slope of Posilino in & exquisite villa secluded among the scented orange shadows , he dwelt ' i \ a ™ thinking of life and death , and their unnumbered mysteries . Gradual ! v * desire to write stole upon him , but fitfully was it accomplished , SometiL , the manuscript was burned ; again it grew under his hand : lastl y wl . « 1 t whole
naa Decome a , he concealed it on the roof of the house and went awa > % to sink under his malady . His friend , coming to Posilipo , found the imprinted record of many passages in Thorndale ' s story . Hence this volume Mr . Smith , while professing to leave the fragmentary episodes in their ori ' ginal condition , attributes to himself the arrangement of books and chapters The books are headed , severally—The Last Retreat ; the Retrospect CatU ' or the Modern Cistercian ; Seckendorf , or the Spirit of Denial ; " Clarence , or the Utopian . A second part presents the confession of faitli of an Eclectic and Utopian Philosopher , with sections on the development of the individual consciousness and on the development of society . It will be seenfromthis that Thorndalc is not an ordinary romance . It deals with the ab strac ^ n ot theconcrete . Its chapter on ^ truisms" and considerations on beauty its semi-allegorical digressions , its rich clusterings of parable and metaplioi- ' mark it with originality . The dialogues of Seckendorf and his friend iiitrol ducc some of the most profound of the problems upon which the author has worked—the faiths of the world , the nature of progress , the characterWlps
oi . the animal creation genernllj , and especially of man . But it is in the Eclectic and Utopian Confession of Faith that the subtlest disquisitions are set forth on the existence of a God , on sensation , space , pain , pleasure , appetite , association of ideas , personal identity , the moral ¦ sentiments , and the soul , the theory reaching its climax in a final reference of all thin « -s to the Divine idea or the Divine power of being . These passages trace the development of the individual consciousness . In those which treat of the advancement of society , Mr . Smith discusses the various forms of civilization in antiquity , slavery , wages , partnership , religion , and the several modern mythological conceptions of the Deity . All this is written in a style of calm , reflective refinement , a gloss of freshness , and a warmth of vitality suffusing even the most recondite speculations . We have been much pleased
with T / iomclale . It is remarkable as a philosophical : study . The writer thinks for himself , and says what he thinks . He is familiar , also with the lawe range of conflicting opinions in our own times , and sets them fairly in ord ' of battle , without distortion or suppression . Such a book must necessarily have a salutary efiect . The storyj is placed , moreover , within a very elegant framework , its idealisms harmonizing admirably with the terraces and light glimpses of water , the statues , urns , and bosquets of the Italian hill . When Thorn dale writes , " Very exquisite is this harmony between tte distant and near , I look through the branches of this graceful tree and see a star amongst them , " we ax'e i * eminded of the beautiful Claude landscape to the
midst of which the lonely student has retired to dream and die . Very apposite , also , and very graceful is his argument on the sublimity of mountains , which , though barren and bleak , reflect softer tints from the sun than roses or violets . The legend of Bramah relates that once the Naked Mountains complained of their desolation , and the divinity answered , " The very light shall clothe thee , and the shadow of a passing cloud shall be as a royal mantle . More verdure would be less light . Thou shalt share in the azure of heaven , and the youngest and whitest cloud of a summer sky shall nestle in thy bosom . " This is Indian and poetical , like the rest of ' lhorndale , which is here and there touched with Oriental mysticism .
'L^Vrrihhvlltn D^)Ullluilu» I 4
j Kartfolia /
We Should Do Oui Utmost To Encourage The...
We should do oui utmost to encourage the Beautiful , for the Useful encourat ; e . « itself . — Goetiie .
<3k3b22 ^Rp<©<!>J&Ffl3?Iteasr<B 2£*&S£>S...
< 3 K 3 B 22 ^ RP <© J & ffl 3 ? iteasr < B 2 £ *& S £ > S 83 E ® Being the Letters of Joseph Audrctos Wilson , Esq ., from Louden , to hisfriemh at Woodspring , Somersetshire ) relating the wont remarkable events oj the day , icith incidents a ? idparticulars noC elsewhere published . The commencement of these Papers is unavoidably postponed until next Saturday .
Fkom The London Gazkttk. Tucsdaps Novemb...
FKOM THE LONDON GAZKTTK . Tucsdaps November &• HANKRUPTCIEB ANNULLED-Cjtahmeb Stakkey , Urunawick-wliarf , Agar-towu . dust contractor—M Any JJkown , Kilifaro , Bl / all ' ordHlnro , grocer and provituon dealer , BANKRUPTS .-John Martin , 4 , , Strand , victualler—WiLiiAM Bennutt , 14 , Groat Newport-street ,
Nowportmnvkot , grocer—FukdeuickNoake Kakkh , Southampton , coal and slate lnorchaut—Mahv Ann Aklekb , JJmemorton , Oxfordshire , bakerand grocer—Fjikdeuick Wiuum Cox , Southampton , grocer and baker-John Hkndhy , 7 , Weymoutli-Htrcot , ilackney-road , ba « k and vat inukor—Hbnkv Cockbukn , King-street , Richmond , watolimaker , hijvci-Htnith , and jeweller—Tkrtius d'Oylby 1 ' ain , Mediculhall , King-street , Uarmnernuiitl ) , chemist and druggist—John Simhb , 34 , Georgo-ntioet , l ' ortinau-squaro , painter , pnpcrliniiKor , and Rildoi—Sxmvul Towebb , 21 , Pitlloldstreet , Jloxton , lookliiK-Klnuu inanufoeturor—PxtANOis llii . 1- Withy-bank , Oldswinlord , Worcestershire commithIou agent-. / oun Howl , JJarlaston , Stail ' ordshiro . Bcrow bolt manufacturer—Richard Austin , Coventry , furniture doalor and auctioneer—William Puck Swift , JUourn , LiucoliiHliiru , grocer—William Nathan Svkeh Copk , ll > , Wellington Htrcefc , GomvvoH-street , Middlesex , and Polhiuu-Htreofc , Nottingham , wholesale tobacconist and cigar merchant—Jolt Ouutih and Heniiy Hunt Sayek ., Cardiil ' , Giaiuorgaimhire , general proviaion merchants— William Gumming , Plymouth , brewer and spirit merchant — "William White , Plymouth , dcalor in needs-Ai . t . xandi : ij Kuttkh , tihollluld , uaw manufaeturor—lluoit Itoiiuius , Gomrd , near Hol . yhoad , com dealer—L'ntuv Ezkkibi ., ; i !> , Priiicess-Htroet , Manchester , g « uoral dealer—Jamus Moor-
-
-
Citation
-
Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 7, 1857, page 20, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_07111857/page/20/
-