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December ,10, 1853.] THE LEADER, 1181
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JSTE VVDEGATE AND SPOONEK. BY THEMSELVES...
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INCOME TAX AND WAG-ES. The subjoined let...
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UNIVERSITY REFORM. Tjif, report of the c...
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DEPUTATIONS—RELIGIOUS AND SANITARY. Two ...
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(i I T V M A TT K It M At tho Milting of...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Amertcan Inventions. Two Recent American...
These gentlemen all expressed the same opinion of the machine as that of yesterday . The first engineers of England and France liave endorsed its merits . " - —Times Correspondence .
December ,10, 1853.] The Leader, 1181
December , 10 , 1853 . ] THE LEADER , 1181
Jste Vvdegate And Spoonek. By Themselves...
JSTE VVDEGATE AND SPOONEK . BY THEMSELVES . ' The twin members of North Warwickshire ., addressed their constituents at Rugby , last weak . The occasion was a feast of the distressed agriculturists of those parts , members and friends of the " Rugby and Dunchurch Association—for what ? Some eighty of these sat down to dinner , and after they had eaten and drunken , instead of rising up to go , they encouraged each other to rise up and speak . Mr . Newdegate and Mr . Spooner obeyed , and talked at great lengths . We subjoin some specimens . After going back upon the failures of Mr . Gladstone , Mr . Newdegate came to " the recess . "
" ' -JNotwithstanding the Kusso-mania of lord Aberdeen , and the Russian writing of the Times , public opinion has manifested itself strongly in favour of England ' s maintaining what is called the balance of power in Europe—not permitting tie Mediterranean to become a Russian , as in former days , she would not allow it to become a French , lake . It is not always , unhappily , the case that the dictates of honour and of interest point in the same direction . That the honour of England is pledged to the defence of an ally who has foryears faithfully maintained the freedom of our overland communication with India , and the freedom of our commerce to the East , no man can doubt ; and he would defy the scepticism to all moral obligations of the most inveterate
devotee to pounds , shillings , and pence , to doubt that the material interests of England are deeply pled ged to the defence of Turkey—the only European Power which has to the full reciprocated the wanton liberality of our commercial policy . Let the man of pounds , shillings , and pence , but cast his' eyes down the tariffs of Russia and Turkey , he will find that , while the duties imposed by Russia upon our principal articles of export vary from 60 to 200 per cent ., upon all these Turkey levies duties of about three per cent ., and will understand the reason why the declared value of -our exports to Russia ; after having for years declined , have fallen by half , from 2 , 153 , 491 Z . in 1845 , to 1 , 099 , 017 ? . in 1852—a value not equal to that of the 733 , 738 quarters of-wheat , ' at 30 s . per which took from Russia
quarter , we . in that year of abundance , while she took no produce or manufactures of ours in return for . all the tallow , barilla , and other merchandise she sent us ; he will understand why our exports to Turkey and her dependencies , Syria and Palestine , Moldavia and Wallachia , have increased by a" third since 1846 ; and if he need an indication of what Russia will do with respect to our commerce , if she succeed in obtaining command of the commercial access to the east of the Mediterranean , he may find it in the futile remonstrances addressed to the Russian Government by our Ministers over since Kussia obtained possession from the Turks of the Sulina mouth of the Danube , the free passage of which is always of great importance for the transmission of those supplies of grain to this country which our frec-trado measures have
necessitated . While the Turks had possession of this outlet of the Danube they .. kept a passage through the bar dear , with a depth of from sixteen to eighteen foot of water by a very simple process of dredging ; but the Russians have wilfully refused to do this , and now there are not more than nine foot of water over the bar , to the continual interruption of navigation and tlio rcstrictiim of tho supply of grain . jSTo commercial man needs further evidence as to its being the clear interest of England to sustain tho Turks in possession of their rightful territory . Such facts as
these havo not been wasted upon England . The cowardly advice of Mr . Cobdon , who no longer talks of crumpling up Russia , but , now that the Czar is fairly intent upon aggression , would rather ace Constantinople in his hands Mum make an effort to save our only European ally , who Reems liia only disciple , and has turned free-trader in earnest , from aggression , has fallen lint upon the ear of the people of England , who havo not forgotten Mr . Cobden ' s tliouHaud-tirncH reiterated promises of perpetual cheapness Avhon tho corn laws wore repealed . "
Here is Mr . Newdegate ' s view of the strikes : — A friend of mine ban sent mo a placard which ban been extensivel y posted up in Manchester . The placard declared that , tho League's big loaf was lost , niul ridiculed tho failure of the League ' s prophecies of p lenty . Now , Miis document did not emanate from No . 17 , Old Bond-street , or from the South Sea-house ; they lire dosed . It in a Manchester production . The decision of the oorn-hiw question did not , rest with those who ngroed with him . It w » s not for them to re-open it ; but , ho thought they might point to this placard of AfnncheHfor manufacture , and hhIc Uieir neighbours of Mio workiug-elnsseN , who were tutored into tlto
belief l . lmt , vve desired to starve them lor our own Ixmelit , whether they might , not havo given them credit , 'or something besides mem Hel / ishncsM when they warned Jioni that tho repeal of the com laws would entail oscillations in the j ) rice' of wheat , nl one timo resulting in a ruinous depression of t , he / igrioiilturists , at , another bringing oil Hie severity of unforcneen scarcity to bear on tho poorer '"lasses of Mu , country . I f i (; were * not too serious a mib-. ] ec | ., I could laugh at tlio mgo of the economists , who sen 111 tlio extensive KyHf , eni of Htrikes a proof , from which thoy < - ' <» n <>| , escape , thai , now , whon thoy have told tho working ' - « ' |» h . s ( . « | , | iat the law neither protects their industry nor ^• 'iteerns itself to secure them a steady supply of food , tho operatives are determined to protect themselves . TIicho ntneiiostor
j economists are fairly brought face to face with " <> oporativcH , mid can no longer palm upon them the jH'liiNion that / tho deai-ness of food , and their own nttoiuptu > lower wago . H , are the consequence of , or are justilied by , WH enacted lor the bonoltt of those whom they call tlie I "" pored aristocracy , the grasping landlord *) , or tho
loutish farmers of England . They are , indeed , attempting to persuade the working-classes that their present difficulties are the consequences of war—a war which England has endeavoured to prevent , and in which England has not at present engaged—a war in which , if England does engage , it will mainly be-for the purpose of securing the free transmission of those supplies of foreign grain which the policy insisted upon , and carried by these very economists , has done much to render necessary ; for it is idle to pretend that the present short supply of wheat is entirely the consequence of our bad harvest . -The bad harvest did not dissipate the supplies winch used to lie
stored in the bonding warehouses . Sir James Graham and the _ economists have preached and practised in vain if as wide a breadth of wheat was sown in the autumn of 1851 , to say nothing of 1852 , as- had been sown befoi-e . They told the farmer to apply his land to the cultivation of green crops and flax—to lay down in grass the inferior soils , for that the people of England needed not that he should strive to grow wheat ; and to his own knowledge , their practice in repealing the corn laws , if not their preaching , induced the farmers to acfc in . accordance with their advice ; while the agricultural statistics of Ireland , collected by the police , proved the immense diminution of the o-rnvvtli of
wheat in Ireland since the year 18-46 . The politicians of Manchester told their peofle to look abroad for food , and that every wave would bear them tons of meal . They have sown the ocean , and they have reaped the strikes . Mr . Newdegate was great on the Reform Bill . If the agriculturalists Bad their due , he thinks that their share of the representation would be increased , and that of the towns decreased . As to Mr . Spooner , he confessed , in original terms , that ' - ' ¦ the wind h ad been completely taken out of his sails , " so far as rela ted to the ma king of a speech , by the long and able address of his colleague , in whose views he had only to express his general concurrence . He , however , went on at great length concurring with his colleague , instead of imitating Burke ' s friend , by uttering a simple and expressive " ditto : "
Income Tax And Wag-Es. The Subjoined Let...
INCOME TAX AND WAG-ES . The subjoined letter will be read with interest by all our working-class readers : — "Downing- Street , Dec . 5 , 1 S 53 . "Sir , —I am directed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer to acknowledge the receipt of your letter , written on behalf of yourself and the other compositors employed in connexion with the Globe newspaper , on tlio subject ' of the extension of the income tax to incomes amounting to 100 ? : por annum derived from the weekly wages of labour . I nm instructed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer to inform you that-the Income Tax Act applies to all annual income , whether it , be made up of weekly payments or
notbut the wages of labour are returnable ' under Schedule I ) , and no person is liable to the tax , unless be shall have actually received 100 Z . per annum , and upwards , on an average of three years . The principal point wherein you appear to think your case distinguishable from others , is that your employment is not certainly continuous for a year . Upon this it may be observed that if there has been any actual intermission of employment , po as to reduce in any particular instance a man ' s receipts below 100 / . per annum upon an average of three years , he is in that case undoubtedly entitled to claim exemption . I have the honour to be , sir , your faithful servant , "Mr . Thomas Eve . " "FltANOlS Lawmy . "
University Reform. Tjif, Report Of The C...
UNIVERSITY REFORM . Tjif , report of the committee of the Hebdomadal Board appointed to inquire into the recommendations of the IJoy . il Commissioners , which was in the hands of members of the Board on Monday last , has been to-day for tho first time procurable by tho public . It in in the form of a tolerably bulky octavo volume , and in priced at 5 a . Ill pages are occupied with the actual report ; the remainder consists of evidence from Dr . Pu . sey , the . Rev . O . Gordon , the Itev . It . ITussey , tlio Tic ' v . O .
Marriott , the Rev . II . MuckloHtone , the Rev . F . Meyrick , Mr . E . A . Freeman , the JUv . Dv . B . uidinel , the Rev . D . P . (/ base , the President o'' Corpus , tho Rev . C . P . Chretien and others , the President of Mngdalono , the Provost , of Oriel , the Vice-Chancellor , Dr . Danbenoy , Mr . T . H . Tristram , the . Rev . E . A . Litton Mr . ' C . . Neate , tho Rev . . 1 . T . Hound , Mr . O . K . Richards , and the lion . Justice Coleridge . The chief recommendations are—first , on the . subject , of University ex tension , that , affiliated lialln . should bo allowed
and that to encourage the foundation of a new independent hall or halls , under peculiar and Kt , riri" -enfc regulations , the sum of 10 , 0007 . nhould be advanced , by way of gift , from the University elie . st , but , that neither private halls nor unattached Ht , iident , H should be permitted . Secondly , on tho subject ; of ( , ho constitution , that the second Hebdomadal Board should remain in its present position , but should he increased hy tlie addition of eight other members , to J > o elected by convocation . Two of those , it in proponed , should retire yearly ; and retired meinborH should not ; be re-eli /« -iblo » i * t fin * ¦ i ~ £ ¦"> till after Thirdlin
a year . y , regard » ,, > professors , it , in proposed that some two or three should receive » , mnall addition to their stipend ; that tho two Arabic Pro fcHHorshipH should he combined ; \\ mt the Hanncril , Professor should he forced to reside ; and that new ProfoRHorHhipH should bo established " of nonie of the modern . Eastern languages , particularly Chinese . " Finally , with regard to changes in colleges , it , is recommended that the Head and Follown of o"oh Hoeiety should bo empowered to alter or abrogate statutes , anil to frame now ones ; such changes in eyory inntauco
requiring the consent- of the Visitor , and becoming law by the connrmation of a new Court , to consist of the Lord Chancellor , the Chancellor of the University , and the Lords Justices or other Judges of the superior courts It w . not thought necessary- that changes should be pressed on any College from without .. Nor is it thought desirable to apply College funds to the endowment ox professorships , unless in cases , such as Magdalene and Corpus , where such a use was expressly contemplated b y the founder . Such are the most salient pomes of the long-expected report . —Times .
Deputations—Religious And Sanitary. Two ...
DEPUTATIONS—RELIGIOUS AND SANITARY . Two deputations waited on Lord Palmerston on Wednesday ; the first from the Irish Church Mission b 6 ciety , the second from Lambeth . The Irish deputation , introduced by Mr . Arthur Kinnaird , attended to pray for an inquiry into the case of William Smith , who distributed handbills in the streets of Dublin , and in so doing ] 1 U rt the tender susceptibilities of Mr . O'Brennan . Our readers will remember the case . We need not go into it ; but the following conversation is interesting :, Viscount Palmerston—What were these placards and handbills—the substance of them ?
The Rev . R . Bickersteth—They contain questions relating to points-m dispute between the Roman Catholics nnd the Protestants . I have here an exact copy . This is one of the handbills . It is an advertisement of a sermon to be preached in Dublin . Tina is the part complained of . ( The reverend gentleman here handed a bill to his lordship ; it was on " The Supremacy of St . Peter , " with questions appended , and quotations from tho Roman Catholics ' bible . ) _ Ifc was not this identical handbill , but it was one precisely similar . Viscount . Palmerston—The question is ,, whether there was anything in it that was needlessly offensive ?
The Hev . R . Bickereteth—In all" the proceedings of this society ifc is a fundamental rule with us to abstain from all intemperate language , and any kind of conduct that could be justly regarded as offensive to the libman Catholics . < Viseounfc Li ( Ford—I can only state that , acting as a magistrate in Warwickshire , if English magistrates were to act , on the same principles , there would' be very great disturbances and' complaints , because very often placards and paper ? , are circulated respecting church rates and other matters , which are a great deal more olleivsive than any of ; hese .
The Rev . 11 . Biefcorstetli—I think we have distributed about 41 , 000 of these handbills monthly , ibr two or three months past , and this is ( he very first ' instance in which any complaint has arisen in consequence of our so doing . The man simply offered the handbill to the lady as she was passing by . lie was on the side next , her . And it was not until ( Lve minutes afterwards that Mr . O'Brennan ran after him . Tho'Hon . A . Kinnaird—It , is what happens every day in London , as we are walking along the streets . Viscount Liflfonl—You never can tell what is put into your bands until afterwards . Viscount Pabnerston— Tea , but in London the handbills offer you cheap goods instead of a creed .
lhe Hon . A . Kinnaird—Eat the principle brought forward by Lord Liilbrd , as to the church-rate , is perfectly analogous . Viscount Palinerslon —Yen . The Rev . . It . Hickerstelh--I should mention also that the . Roman Catholics are in the habit of doing ( he same thing i ,, . ' Dublin , and ( . he I ' rot ost . ai its make no ' complaint . Viscount Palmerston- ---I . think it is aluuird ( t > say that , n man distributing things of that , sort , is committing or likely to commit a breach of tin- peace . The breach of The peace is committed by those who may be made angry hy it , and who cannot , keep tlieii- ( earner . Viscount
Li I ford- -Without driving things to extremity , it would be a great tiling to liave such an expression ot opinion as would deter ningish-alcs ii-oin taking such an arbitrary lino as we arc deterred from Inking- in lOnghind . I think it would bo a greatIbing to havejioiaetliingof that Horl , to give security to the IVofo . slan / s . Lord Palmei-ston . said he would inquire into tho subject . The Lambeth deputation , headed by Mr . Wilkinson and Mr . Williams , the borough Mem bora , stated that thoy were there at ( . he request of a , public ; meeting , to ( Hill attention to the defective drainage of tho parish of St Mary . Large rates : ue collected , but , little i " h done towards draining the parish . They prayed for representative institutions . Lord Palmerston promised . to introduce the representative system into the management of rates .
(I I T V M A Tt K It M At Tho Milting Of...
( i I T V M A TT K It M At tho Milting of the Coninii . sHion , on . Friday week , Mr . Leigh Poinhoi-ton , solioitor to the Hoard of Inland Revenue , g / i . ve evidence as to the right to the bed and shores of the river , claimed alike by tlio Corporation and the ( Vown . It , appears that , the Corporation aro in the habit of licensing pemonK to embank tho ThamoH for purposes of businoHM . Cumcm of this kind having coino to the knowledge of Mr . Pomborton , ho looked into the law upon ( , ho subject , consulted the law ofGcorn of 1 , 1 m Crown ; and by their advice an information wn « filotl in < Jbaneery ,. reciting t ; ho proceedings of the Corporation , calling for a discovery of the elmr . erH , lottora patent ,, or other grounds for tho exercise of tho alleged right , and calling upon tho Court to Holtlo tho point at
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 10, 1853, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_10121853/page/5/
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