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PROGRESS OF ASSOCIATION. JOINT STOCK BRE...
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LORD LONSDALE ON LIQUID MANURE An intell...
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THE SANITARY REFORMERS Al TOTTENHAM. Tot...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The Birmingham Musical Festival (Abstrac...
ins of which the eminent critic whose report we are abstracting says—« _^ have never heard so magnificent a performance of Elijah as that at the Town-hall this morning . The orchestra was prodigious , the chorus prodigious , and the nrincipal singers almost faultless . There appeared but one predominant feeling in the whole phalanx , marshalled and conducted with such skill and decision by Mr . Costathat of doing honour to Mendelssohn , who , only six years back , in the same place , himself directed the first performance of his greatest work , and was aided by no inconsiderable number of the same executants . Of that event , which will live for ever in the history of music , the performance of this morning was a worthy anniversary . "
Madame Viardot and Herr Formes , perhaps , bore the palm in this performance ; but Madame Castellan , Madame Clara Novello , Misses Dolby and Williams , were , each and all , irreproachable in their execution of the music ; and Mr . Loekey , who elicited the special approval of the composer at the first performance of Elijah , in 1846 , proved that the praise "had been well bestowed . " Encores are very properly forbidden on these occasions ; hut the unaccompanied trio , " Lift thine eyes , " was so deliciously sung by Madame Novello , Misses Dolby and Williams , as to extort a manifestation from the audience to which the president conceded a repetition of the air , with questionable discretion , as the effect of the succeeding chorus was entirely spoiled .
The pecuniary result of this performance was a total sum of 23031 . 13 s . Id . The first miscellaneous doncert took place on Tuesday evening ; the great instrumental works performed being Mendelssohn ' s Walpurgis Night— " on the whole , admirably executed , " Mdlle . Anna Zerr and Signor Tamberlik being the vocal stars ; the lady astounding the audience by her brilliant vocalization in the variations of Proch ' s air . The pecuniary result of this concert was 439 / . 7 _* . On Wednesday morning , the great attraction was the fragments of Chrisius , an
unfinished oratorio of Mendelssohn , of which tbe performance was " certainly not perfect , but meritorious . " These fragments created a " solemn and deep impression , " representing , as they did in their beauty and grandeur , " the genius of Mendelssohn in the fulnes 3 of Iiis strength and majesty . " Haydn's Creation excited the usual delight . Dr . Wesley ' s anthem was found to be tedious , and the motett of Mendelssohn ( given for the first time ) was so indifferently performed as to leave the audience quite in tbe dark about its meritsa blot on the record of this festival . Tbe amount of
money received at this morning s meeting was 1649 ? . Os . 5 d . Tbe second miscellaneous concert , on Wednesday night , was extremely well attended . The Jupiter symphony of Mozart was gloriously executed . The Finale of Lorely , a posthumous work of Mendelssohn , consisting of a grand scena for a principal soprano and chorus , concluded the first part of the concert . " The execution , " says the Times , " presented much that was
commendable , but left quite as much to be desired . Madame Clara Novello was deficient in passion and dramatic fire , but sang conscientiously and correctly _, 'fhe band and chorus wero careful and assiduous , but the general effect was incomplete , from tbo want of a more thorough study of the difficult music . The sen-Ration _, created by this Finale was enthusiastic , and lent fresh poignancy to tho sense of the irreparable loss tbo world of music sustained in the untimely death of tbe great composer .
The second part of tho concert was chiefly distinguished by the celebrated air from tbe Flauto Magico , sung b y Mdlle . Anna Zerr as she alone can sing it , and tunmlfuousl y encored . Tamberlik sang _thd P , c . del del bom the Prophele , the effect of which has been quite " _» st these last two _sensons at" Covent Garden from heing transposed to coax tho voice of Mario , with a startling power that convinced his hearers that lu ; alone is the legitimate successor of Mario in the character of b ) hn of Leyden . tne amount , received at this concert was about double the amount obtained at the first—viz ., 8 ( 1 !)/ .
On Thursday morning the Messiah attracted an _jinineiiHo audience , and the performance , under Mi--ostiiH guidance , was as nearly us possible faultless . 1 [ be novelt y was Signor _Tanibcrlik ' s first attempt at _ringing in the _Nnglish language . The splendid tenor 1 , " _"> " riiou shall , break them , " was assigned to him , " < l was delivered with nroditriouH lire and animation . ' no almost unprecedented result of this performanco _XVUH '"> _nddition of 2 * 71 ) 21 . 4 . v . lid . to tbe charity . The _fbii-il ..,.. 1 i .... « . ...: ii ...... i _+...-ir .- _! ..,... ' he third mid last miscellaneous concert took place j " _ThiuHday night — Heefhovon ' s Choral Symphony _uuig the pillar of the programme . On Friday morning tbe , oratorio of _tfampson concluded with great Mat the . ' _nisic ° ' the festival ; and in tbo evening a grand dress liU _pwuwl u meinorablo week .
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Progress Of Association. Joint Stock Bre...
PROGRESS OF ASSOCIATION . JOINT STOCK BREWING . In the present state of opinion on co-operation it is pleasant to record the success of an experiment , based to a great extent on co-operative principles . We refer to the Metropolitan and Provincial Joint-Stock Brewery . Mr . J . F . Bontem , who presided over a meeting of the shareholders on Wednesday , gave a cheering account of its prospects . They had commenced brewing early in order to test the public , and try whether an attempt to manufacture unadulterated beer would meet with encouragement . He was happy to say that their expectations on that head had been fulfilled . Some discussion arose on the remark of a shareholder that the public would not encourage the Company , unless they brewed beer more suitable to the public taste . This was met by Mr . Stevens , the manager , who , from his acquaintance with the customers of the Company , could state tbat the beer did suit the public . The onl y objection he had ever heard came from a customer who had purchased a four-and-a-half gallon cask of small beer , at sixpence a gallon . A shareholder also said that the only complaint he had heard was , that orders were not executed fast _enough . This was accounted for by the smallness of the plant , and the chairman said they had met to increase it . In order to effect this it was agreed that all those shareholders who had signed the deed and had not paid the call should be called upon to do so . QUATT INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL . The examination of the children connected with the Quatt Industrial School took place on Friday week , and was conducted by the Reverend Dr . Dawes , Dean of Hereford , and the Reverend George Bellett , rector of Bridgnorth . A numerous company were present to witness the proceedings , among whom were Mr . Jelinger C . Symons , one of the Government inspectors of schools . Quatt is an industrial school for the unions of Bridgnorth , Madeley , Cleobury Mortimer , and Seisden ( Staffordshire ) , and is capable of accommodating 150 children , or more . The farm consists of twelve acres—nine arable , and three meadow land . Potatoes , turnips , mangold wurtzel , vetches , carrots , & c , are cultivated to great perfection . The stock comprises six cows and a number of pigs . The cattle are stall-ffed , and the manure is carried off into tanks , where it is available for manuring the land . The children were examined by the Reverend G . Bellett , and the Dean of Hereford . After the examination the children were regaled with tea and cake at Dudmaston Hall , the seat of Mr . Whitmore , where also the spectators were entertained to an excellent luncheon .
Lord Lonsdale On Liquid Manure An Intell...
LORD LONSDALE ON LIQUID MANURE An intelligent correspondent of the Times has taken up the rather flippant remarks of the Earl of Lonsdale at the meeting of the Cumberland Agricultural Society , on the subject of " liquid manure , " in a letter from which we extract the following useful sentences . In reply to Lord Lonsdale ' s assertion , that in order to make the dirt of a town available to agriculture the town must be situated on a hill , so tbat the sewage may be applied by natural gravitation : — " It is a great mistake to suppose that thc sewerage manure of towns , or the liquid manure of farm-steadings , cannot be applied to tho fields hy irrigation unless tno towns or farm-steadings arc considerably elevated above tbo fields to bo irrigated . In every town containing a
number of well-constructed water-closets thc waste of manure is immense , and of greater value than most men think ; and as to tho drainage of farm-steadings , which almost invariably is allowed to run to waste in tho nearest ditch or stream in tho neighbourhood of tho steading , as being of little or no _valuo whatever , it is certainly in many _instaneos a greater yearly loss to tho tenant than tho _haif of his rent . Whore towns aro situated on a sloping bank , what can bo more simple than to convey , by properly constructed drains , all the sewage water into tanks situated in a low place , and then to pump tho whole away , by tho aid of powerful steam-engines , almost to any distance , or , as in London , ovor a ataiid-pipo or an elevated place , to obtain tho necessary pressure P "
Our readers will hero recognise the influence of tbe bold suggestions of Mr . F . O . Ward . Tho writer continues : — " . I / i many parts of Fngland , whero farming is carried on with much spirit , if is usual to cart out m spring a large quantity of the solid dung of the farm-yard , ami spread it on the grass lands , and tho tenant , when ho beholds in a low weeks a beautiful crop of grass springing up , makes a boast of his skill and management ; but . what is that but tho effect of the soluble salts of the dung being washed out by heavy rains , and , sinking to the roofs of the phints , affording them instant and never failing
nourishment P and the straw and coarse ret use of tbo dung , being bleached white and valueless , is tossed about with every wind that blows . Such management is bad , for the chances are that , before rain comes , tho valuable auiuioniacal salts are extracted by the heat of the huh , or by drying winds , and tho value of the dung , as well as tho tenant ' s labour , is for over lost . When wo shall see pipes luid from towns along railways , and from tanks in a wellconstruefed farm-yard through the fields , with branches right and loft , stopcocks at . proper intervals , with hose and nozzle , then we shall behold a hotter state of things , and certainly a better prospect , than at present for tho enterprising tenant . "
To tbe discouraging sneers of Lord Lonsdale ut tbe quality of sewage-fed produce which his cuttle refused to consume , the reply is simple enough : — " Hia lordahin _tdiould havo diluted , it _-woll—two-thirda
Lord Lonsdale On Liquid Manure An Intell...
of water to one of sewage—for depend upon it that , and the absence of fermentation , and , probably , a wet soil together , was where the mistake lay . Liquid manure , when well prepared , compared with solid manure , is somewhat like the tea and the leaves—for who would be so mad as to throw away the tea and use the leaves P—yet it is astonishing that nine-tenths of fanners do this with the manure of their farm-steadings . " And he concludes with the following apt and just rebuke to the President of the Council : —
" Lord Lonsdale should go into Ayrshire , and there he will see some spirited and intelligent farmers proving what can be done by the proper application of liquid manure ; for it is usual with some of them to cut tbeir Italian rye grass six and seven times in one season , two feet each time ; and , as to the cattle eating it , they prefer it certainly to any other food . Beforo his lordship again addresses a body of agriculturalists on the application of liquid manure , he should experiment a little more than he has done , for to speak from theoretical knowledge only on a matter of so much importance to the agricultural world , is the sure method to discourage a most important improvement in agriculture , which , sooner or later , will become , as in Belgium , universal over England . "
The Sanitary Reformers Al Tottenham. Tot...
THE SANITARY REFORMERS Al TOTTENHAM . Tottenham leads the way among the places which have lately resolved upon cleansing their habitations . Last Monday the members of the General Board of Health went down to that village , officially to inspect its new water and drainage works . The refonns effected by these works are indicated in the report , which was read at Tottenham Hall , the residence of Mr . Purton . The guests from the Board of Health were Lord Shaftesbury , Dr . Southwood Smith , Mr . Edwin Chad wick , and Mr . F . O . Ward , of the Sanitary Association .
Upon the subject of expense , the local board cannot forbear to remark that , so far as they have proceeded , they have found that in economy the improved system is as remarkably superior to the old arrangements as it is in efficiency . The construction of a complete system of sewers , upon the old plan of brick drains wide enough for men to pass through , would have entailed an enormous expense ; while the pipe drains have cost so little that it is probable that the rates levied to repay such cost will not much exceed the former expense of cleansing and maintaining cesspools , & c , to say nothing of the original expense of constructing them . Again , the charge for water supply is expected to be so moderate , that in all probability it will
fall below the annual expense of labour and repairs , even to those who have already incurred the expense of erecting pumps , cisterns , & c , for their own use . The total expense of these advantages of perfect drainage , with the use of a separate water closet , together with an abundant supply of pure soft water , witb a separate tap for eaeh house , will probably be somewhat less than 3 d . per week for each house , such as those occupied by the working classes , viz ., not exceeding 101 . per annum rental , being of course higher for houso of greater valuo in proportion to tho greater accommodation required . Gentlemen acquainted
with tho amount ot sewerage and water rates under tho old system , and who know something of tins expense of buying water of water-carriers where tbere is no systematic supply , will bo well able to appreciate the economy of tho improved system . The local board would point out , with gratitude , to the legislature , the very moderate expense of obtaining the necessary legal powers under the operation of tho Public Health Acts , the cost , being in the case of tho district of Tottenham ( Hit . 14 > s . ( Id . only ; whereas , had thoso powers been obtained by a local act in the bice of an opposition , the expense , judging from an average of other cases , would probably have exceeded 2 ( XM )/ .
The np 2 > roaeh of cholera is referred to , in the same document , with a propriety of feeling , and a soundness of judgment , by which our metropolitan authorities would do well to take example : — Tbo local board , in learning that the cholera is again approaching our shores , pursuing the very course by which it has always arrived before , feels a new and powerful motive for pushing on the works with the utmost , speed , in order that , so far as they are concerned , nothing may bo left , undone that men ; human means may accomplish for protecting tho district , from tho visitation of that fearful scourge .
Lord Shaftesbury , on behalf of fhe General Hoard oi Health , addressed the members of the Local Hoard ot Tottenham , on this occasion , in a speech of great eloquence and interest ; dwelling with especial earnestness on tho moral and religious ameliorations for which sanitary improvement furnishes fhe material basis , and expressing bis ardent hope that' the example of tbo people of Tottenham would bo followed by the inhabitants of other localities .
Mr . Chadwiek enforced similar truths , in his usual quaint and original manner ; adducing , as be is accustomed to do , various striking anecdotes and illustrations , to . show tbe evils of the old sanitary regime , and the advantages of the new one ; and emphatically pointing out , in conclusion , tho direct connexion which bus been traced between the ravages of cholera and the existence of stagnant putrifying matter under or around human habitations .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 11, 1852, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_11091852/page/5/
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