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March 13, 1852-3 T H E LEA D E R. 243
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SOCIETY OF THE "FRIENDS OF ITALY." The S...
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REPRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT OF PAUPERS. On T...
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EQUALIZATION OF THE POOR-RATE. A deputat...
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NATIONAL DEFENCES. The practice with the...
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STEAM COMMUNICATION WITH INDIA AND AUSTR...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Progress Of Association The Masters' Str...
BETTER BEGULATIOM- OF PUBLie-HOUSES , An association , is in existence at Manchester , the obiect of which is to remove some of the evils proceedini from the absence of any effectual control over beerhouses and places of amusement connected therewith . The B ishop of the diocese is the president , and Mr . Charles J . Herford the honorary secretary . Their last report is grounded on the evidence given before the Lords' committee on beerhouses , on the information placed at their disposal by the Rev . John Clay , and on the results of inquiries instituted by the association . The monster evil which is considered in the report , and wMch the association desires to remedy , is the
demoralization induced by the expedients adopted by keepers of beerhouses , ( which are independent of the licensing power of the magistrates , ) to attract custom : these are of the most varied description , " ranging from music to dancing , card-playing , and gambling of all sorts , to rat-hunting , dog-fighting , and cock-fighting , and the keeping of prostitutes . " Through these attractions large numbers of young persons , even below the age of fifteen , are induced to frequent these houses , are brought into association with vicious characters , and forinhabits of drinking and gambling . The association seeks to remove these evils by purifying arid elevating , not destroying , public amusements , by the exertion of moral influence upon their conductors , and , by
application to the legislature , to place beerhouses and musicsaloons , by the licensing system , under the control and supervision of the local authorities . The committee of the association includes persons of all parties and of all persuasions : among them are the Bishop and the Dean of Manchester , the Rev . Dr . Vaughan > Mr . Thomas Bayley , Mr . William Entwisle , the Rev . T . G . Lee , and the Rev . William McKerrow *
March 13, 1852-3 T H E Lea D E R. 243
March 13 , 1852-3 T H E LEA D E R . 243
Society Of The "Friends Of Italy." The S...
SOCIETY OF THE " FRIENDS OF ITALY . " The Society of the . * ' Friends of Italy" convened a meeting of the inhabitants of Lambeth at the British School-room , George-street , on Monday evening , " to consider the threatening aspect of foreig n powers , and the position and duty-of England in the present state of the - continent / ' Mr , F . Doulton presided , and observed that hitherto foreign politics had excited little interest in England , but , owing in a great measure to the teaching of Kossuth , Mazzini , and other illustrious exiles , we were beginning to find that even in a mere selfish point of view , it was essential that on these
subjects there should be an enlightened public opinion . Not only was it our duty to watch the movements of European despotism , but our security demanded it . Louis Napoleon was looking towards Belgium , and if he succeeded there , he must find something more for the army to do , for he only ruled by the pleasure of the army . Mr . D . Masson moved— " That this meeting views with deep concern the triumph of despotic and lawless power abroad as confirmed by the suppression of French liberty by Louis Napoleon . That these advances of despotism abroad are fraught with danger to the liberties and the interests of Great Britain : that , therefore ,
on grounds as well of self-defence , as of just regard for other peoples , it is incumbent on this country to have and to maintain a decided course of foreign policy ; and that no sot of men aro fit to conduct the government of this country at the present time who have not , among other tlungs , a bold and liberal apprehension of England ' s place and duty in Europe . " Ho observed that there prevailed over the continent a system of despotic and even of lawless rule , or misrule . Some thou ght despotic rule , where it was mild and according to law , bettor than a wrangling parliament ; but those
persons should remember that unless speech and the press were free , thore would be no real national prof ™ m "ccordanco with the ideas of tho people , ( thcors . ) If a despot , of tho best intentions and the Jiivgest brain in tho world , arrested free speech , ho destroyed tho nation ' s progress . This kind of governj nout now prevailed all over tho continont . In Russia wioy had not yet oven loarnod to ask for free speech . iio Uermana , *»»* grout nation , who gave us tho lmntmg preaa ( cil 00 ra ^ woro gro ^ i , ^ lm ( lor ( ioapo t . » " » . Austria was a moro diplomatic fiction . Destroy W
7 pvwnment , and there would bo nothing loft of « l ! 1 " i 1 K * ) contlv thia Austrian tyranny had tram-1 'iui out the liberties pf Hungary , a groat nation , and " worth y bro ther to England in tho European fumily . lew 1 ' ^ Ttuly ' whofi 0 P °° Pl 0 woro tho m P « » nt » ltl ri ! i i of Eur 0 P ° > »« monso foreign armies hold in W ¦ i I 0 Whol ° nation : ( Hear , hoar . ) It had ilJ i tt nafciou deserved not to bo free unless forriI !™ Whut « tr ° nK <» ' P ^ f <>? their deairo tl « v I ° OuI ( 1 h ( lvo beou o ^ ovdoA than was givon by e v lnll ' ! . of Komo when they barricaded their ohm ' v ? dondc ( l ifc fo * » month against tho troachoruu'o nch ^ the picked soldiors of Europo P ( Choore . ) process of timo the despotism of tho continent would
swallow up those little states where freedom yet existed ; and then England would stand alone . Already the despotism of the continent had come home to this country ; witness the insolence of diplomatic intercourse on the part of some powers—an insolence which would never have been stood by Pitt even , though he was on the wrong side . ( Hear , he & r . ) And . what would our new ministry -do ? ( Laughter . ) . Lord Derby , in his speech on the 27 th ult ., was evidently truckling to the despotic powers ; he talked of the duty of informing
foreign governments of any plots that might be discovered ? ( Hear , hear . ) How were plots to be discovered ? By letter-opening , or by dogging refugees with the police ? Was that an English proceeding ? ( Hear , hear . ) The great means for checking despotism was a large and liberal measure of parliamentary reform . ( Cheers . ) Whatever government would deal rightly with respect to the continent ought to put this country in a state of self-defence , by the organization of a citizen force , independently of the standing army . Mr . James Stanfield seconded the resolution , which
was carried unanimously . Mr . Shaen moved , and Mr . T . Webber seconded the resolution , " That the Society of the Friends of Italy , already existing , affords an excellent means for testifying these sentiments legally and constitutionally , and especially for expressing sympathy with the oppressed people of Italy , and that the present meeting is prepared to support this society in its operations and aims . " A vote of thanks to the chairman concluded the proceedings .
Reproductive Employment Of Paupers. On T...
REPRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT OF PAUPERS . On Tuesday evening a large and influential public meeting was held in the St . Matthew ' s School , Liverpool Road , Manchester , to consider the propriety of petitioning parliament in favour of such a change in the law as will enable , or if necessary , compel the guardians to substitute throughput the different Unions reproductive for non-productive employment of the destitute . The Rev . S ; R . Bentley , M . A ., the laborious and popular incumbent of St . Matthew ' s , was in the chair , and he was supported by a strong muster of clergymen , aldermen , town-councillors , churchwardens , & e .
The Chairman made some appropriate observations on the moral features of the question , and introduced , with some complimentary observations , Mr . Archibald G . Stark , Secretary to the Poor Law Association , who spoke at great length in favour of the objects of that body . By reference to parliamentary returns , it appeared that , although the Poor Law Amendment Act had been passed to reduce pauperism , and relieve property from the huvden of supporting it , nevertheless , during sixteen years that followed its enactment in 1834 , the sum of 80 , 000 , 000 / . had been levied for the support of pauperism in England and Wales alone . This made the average annual expenditure five millions , and to this would have to be added two millions more in Ireland and Scotland . This was
not the only loss to tho country , as to the seven millions sterling should be added at least three-and-a-half millions more for tho loss of the wealth which might be created by the able-bodied in-door and out-door poor , who aro now kept in idleness , doing nothing in return for tho relief afforded to them . Mr . Stark strongly commented upon the fact of an enlightened country losing annually ten-and-a-half millions of monoy , one-fifth of its entire revenue , in this irrational manner . Ho referred to tho practicability of the reproductive system , as illustrated by the cases of tho Cork , Waterford , Thurlcs , and other unions , where the rates had been reduced , and
thousands of persons instructed to support thomselves outside of tho workhousos ; and to tho prisons pf Spain and America , where tho criminals , by thoir labour , paid for thoir subsistence . Ho rebutted various objections that had been advanced by selfishness or ignoranco , or , what was as bad , self-sufficient learning and so-torinod political economy , and met the well-known " bugbear " that tho reproductive omployincnfc of tho paupers would interfere with independent industry out of doors , by thofollowingreosoning : —" Tho pauper , before ho entorod tho workhouse , unless ho chanced to have boon a man of fortune , must havo lived by one of three means , viz . ;
by industry ( in which case , if there woro any truth in the objection , ho must have interfered with tho industry of his follown ) , by begging , or by robbery , which involved u still inioro ruinous interfeyoneo with tho resourcos and industry of tho community . QuorOr—Does tho " paupor moro injuriously interfere with tho industry of tho community by labouring to ruduco tho rates , and so save a certain sum to bo spent in tho homo market , than if ho assisted in diminishing tho outside demand for labour , or by nlms-sceking , or by fraud or forco helps kiinsolf to tho goods of his noighbour ?»
The Rev . Mr . Huntingtpn , in jnoving the first resolution , made an excellent speech , in which he exposed tho evils that had come under his own observation as a Christian minister , and daily visitor of the habitations of the lower classes , of the external money relief system , under which wives and children were reduced-often to starvation , while the earnings of the rate ^ payers were being spent in the beer-houses by profligate fathers . The other speakers were Alderman Pilling , Councillors Bowker , Ashmore , Brougham , & e . All the resolutions and petitions founded on them were carried unanimously , after unlimited discussion of them had been granted and exercised .
Equalization Of The Poor-Rate. A Deputat...
EQUALIZATION OF THE POOR-RATE . A deputation from the various parishes in the City of London , which are suffering from the existing laws of settlement and rating for the relief of the poor , was received by Mr . Secretary Walpole on Thursday . The deputation consisted of Alderman Sir James Duke , M . P ., Alderman Sidney , M . P ., the High Bailiff of Southwark , Mr . R . B . Whiteside , Mr . Pilcher , Mr . Eyke , Mr . Phillips , Mr . Warwick , and 16 guardians and other officers connected with parishes in the City
of London . They were introduced by Sir James Duke , and Mr . Alderman Sidney addressed Mr . Walpole at some length on the subject . Mr . Walpole said , that upon so large a question they could not expect him at once to give an opinion . It was one , however , that ought to be considered at the earliest opportunity , bufc with what result must of course be left to the deliberation and consideration of the government . He certainly would give the very fullest consideration to the subject as soon as he could undertake it .
National Defences. The Practice With The...
NATIONAL DEFENCES . The practice with the Minie rifle by the officers and non-commissioned officers of the Guards and the Line at Woolwich , under the command of Major Brownrigg , of the Grenadier Guards , has been very satisfactory . On Saturday last , they made good shooting at five hundred yards , and put in one ball out of five at a range of eight hundred yards ; butit must be remarked that all this firing was from a fixed rifle-stand or rest . On Monday they practised - ** file-firing" without a rest ,
at two hundred yards , at a target six feet square , and a hundred and sixteen balls out of a hundred and eighty fired hit the target . A deputation from the Hanover Park Rifle corps witnessed the firing , and intend adopting the same weapon for their own use . This corps , established under government authority , in connexion with the Scottish Society , and the Surrey County Volunteer Regiment , is continuing to enrol recruits . Their club-house and practice-ground are at Hanover Park , Peckham .
A rifle club is in tho course of formation in tho University of Oxford , which has received the approbation of the Vice-Chancellor . A large number of members are enrolled , and the club promises to be both popular and effective . The Metropolitan Riflo Club ( 455 , Strand , opposite Northumberland House ) is in communication with soveral gun-makers , who aro male ing experiments to decide upon the best weapon . Tho members of tho club who aro unprovided with rifles aro waiting for the results of these experiments .
Tho late Secretary of Stato for tho Homo Department issued instructions to all tho lord-lieutenants to call out tho Yeomanry Cavalry corps for inspection by a field officer of tho Queen ' s forces , in tho course of the summer . Orders havo consequently been given by tho Lord-Lieutenant of Kent to tho commanding officers of tho East and West Kent regiments , who havo ordered all tho respective troops to bo recruited up to their full complement , and to commence their drills , with sword exercise and hall practice , afc targets , dismounted .
Steam Communication With India And Austr...
STEAM COMMUNICATION WITH INDIA AND AUSTRALIA . Tick Peninsular ami Orionfcnl Steam Navigation Company received , on Saturday last , ollicial intimation of tho accoptanyo on tho part ot tho Lords of tho Admiralty of their proposals for establishing additional and greatly accelerated steam communication between thia country , tho Moditemwieany Egypt , India , and China , embracing , liko- ' witte , a continuation of tho mail sorvico from Singapore to
various ports in Australia . Tin ) service in arranged in live distinct lines , aafollows : — First Lino ;—From , England to Alexandria and back , monthly , calling at Gibraltar and Malta—branch from Marseilles to Malta . ,, Second Lino . —From England to Alexandria and back , monthly , calling at , Gibraltar and Malta—branch from Maraoilloa to Malta . Third Lino . —From Suoz to Calcutta and Hongkong and back , monfahly , calling at Aden and Poiut ; -do-GaUo , whonco a steamer is to proceed by Madras to Calcutta , and another by l ' enang to Singapore ami Hongkong .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), March 13, 1852, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_13031852/page/7/
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