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<0 .- '¦ •¦ Bfo* 386 * Auawisa l& r 185?...
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"; A: REVISED KNXitISS BIBLE. A B^e&Enal...
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PROGRESS OF AN AUSTRALIAN GOLOOKx.. Vict...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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<0 .- '¦ •¦ Bfo* 386 * Auawisa L& R 185?...
< 0 .- '¦ •¦ Bfo * 386 * Auawisa l & r 185 ? . ] % H 3 j IfB A D B : $ . ; . »»
"; A: Revised Knxitiss Bible. A B^E&Enal...
" ; A : REVISED KNXitISS BIBLE . A B ^ e & Enala & Ba ia thA Want of the ehmrdu and the Demand . < sTtb & Age- Com .-^ ridoff £ < D » tuad History of- tia * iSutboriaed * Yersioa and ¦ Qmmetiam ^ iamttnm ^ SSski ^ n ^ ^ J ^ K-Beard ^ D . © . , EL T . WhrtfidJ The peesent generation , of Englishmen ; ought t © be- rnideceiTed , as t © the jnSmerin wfciefc thfr L authorized version of the Bible ' the verpon wfcicfa tbw re ^ aEd . aa ia & Hible : Ja style aaul dictkav in spirit and m > etoetiruuft —was Meparedu WEen Bs . dimming and : other pulpit aaartJwHritaesi stadSaushF eadeanraur to mislead them , and Calk of the translators ' havin ^ beeiasaisadLuip in the piwidtence of God for the special purpose ot siviherua . flli & transJadiHnJao £ the- Bible aa we now haws it , it is right that the iatiom should bemade * acq-uainted * with tbfrpaarty spirit : which actuated ' the m © s & aecommiia & edi achoJara iw Greek ands Hebrew tha * ever kvedv in . their work ; as ? weli as that L table o € dfiieetiemss * which was placed , in thenr hands ^ by their prerogative-loving king James I . as the fountain of tkeir- iBapasaAi & Bi- Eee thia reas ©!* we recommend ) then * to . readi the hastory of the various translations which appeared during the sixteenth century ,
and also to compare the task accomplished by the Divines of the seventeenth ¦ century ( the authors of our present edition ) Avith the labours of their predecessors . . _ . _ - ' , , 11 The attempt to popularize t & e Scriptures vn . England may be traced back . as foe as the- Anglo-Saxon epoch s when * the : venerable : Bede , Athelstan , Aldred * Alfric ,, and Alfred the Grea * devoted tkemaelves to giving , the people , portions of the Bible ia theiar own native tongue . Up to- the year 1360 , however ^ the Fsalter was the only book the whole of which existedin an English dress . Twenty years later , the language was enriched by a > complete version of the Scriptures from the hand of Wickliffe . This patriarch of the Reformation translated the New Testament entirely himfeif ; but in the production of the . Old was aided , it wouTd seem , by Nicholas Herfbrd and other scholars . Hfs work , however , is only a translation from the Tulgate . A century- af ter , that far , in the year 14 S 0 ; WHKam , Tyndafe was horny a mam destined ! ti & prepare for his countrymen a version whicft ahouM stand : the test , of moire : thftathree centuries ^ aaid iis , m ^ et , the
grpundiw-orJcof the ' authorized : veEsioBy wfeiefa we SEt presen * poissessi It is > not our intention to depict , the struggles and mistbrtu ^ e * of , tliis persecuted acholar BLe lived in . troublous time * ; took an < active part immaking his count eymen- acquaiuted with , the proscribed Scriptures ,, and . was obliged to live the greater portion of . his' time upon the Continent , wherewith difficulty he supported his wife and children . He was , however , taken by the myrmidbns of Henry VIII ., and burnt at SmithEeld . ^ VVTien bemg led to the stake , he prayed , it is said-, that the eyes of the king , w = fao was barn ^ in < r his subjects right and left , might be opened , and that fie wouM allow them read theirJBible hi quiet . Ia less than one year after his death , Tyndale ' s translation was set forthwith the king '* most gracious license ; ' soon ' had the carpnicibus monarch ' s will beconae changed . Tyndaie J s version is no- un-worthy nnage of die Hebrew and Greek original . There are , however , evident traces of the help he derived from Luther ' s German translation , a work goiiicr on contemporaneously with his own , and to which lie was aid
oreatly indebted ,, if not for direct at least for collateral . However , so Sose and sterling is that version , that it has become the basis of every subsequent , aud especially of our present , yersion . " Tyndale , " says Dr . Beard , " was a fine scholar . He was familiar alike with the modela of ancient Greece and , llome r the simple force and grandeur of the Scriptures in tlie originals * and the treasures amd capabilities- of has native tongue . He appears 5 also- to have ; studied the art of composition . Accordingly he was master of style . With skill and dexterity did lie handle-the ; Saxow element of our language ; and , had his version come-down in its purity to our times , the native resources of tire English language would have been more largely developedand our literature would , have been less attenuated in its force
, and injured in its expressiveness and unity by Latinisms . " We cannot stay to show the analogies between the version of Tyndale . and . that of Luther , so as . to prove haw much , help he derived from Ms friend and contemporary ; we pass on to other versions . From the yeair 1 & 3 S to 1609 / no-less than ei » ht translations were nut fontli—Coverdale ' s Bible ( 153 &); Matthew ' s , tljat is , Tyndale r s edited by Rogers ( 1537 ) - Taverner ' a ( 1539 ); Craniner ' s Great Bible ( l . 540 >; Archbisho-p Faixker ' s , Bible ( 1568 ); the Rheims or Catholic edition of the- - New Testament ( 1582 ); and the Douay translation o £ tlie Old Testament < 16 © 9 <) . The translation of Coverdale , sometime Bishop off Easter " , was avowedly made from tho
Vulgate and the German ? Matthew ^ Bi-bte was only Tyndale ' s introduced in disguise from the Continent , and afterwardter authorized through the influence of Cranmer and Cromwell . Taverner'fc Bible , which- appeared with a dedication to the King , is but a revision of Matthew ' s Bible or a reprint of Tyndale ' s ; Cranmer ' s , or the Great Bible ,, as it was called , was undertaken at the instigation of the King , and consists , like the others , of a revision of Tyndale ' s . To this edition Cranmer prefixed' a , prologue , and ftence his name has been associated with it . The Geneva Bible is aupposed to be the . work of persons who took refuge in Geneva during the Marian persecution , ; although , the New Testament is evidently by the same hand throughout , as appears from the prefatory address . Tho XUieimaandDoutty editions were issued in consequence of the numerous translations , or rather revisions , thab had been issued by the Protestants ; and William Cardinal Alleyn T of Itosaal , in Lancashire ^ was the person entrusted with this rm * portant and delicate- lWfrour , and' umxfer hfs superintendence the Catholics of
Endtand worei , early in tne seventeenth century , presented with a copy ot the Scriptures in their own language . As may be supposed , these several versions wore full of pacty or sectarian . leanings ,, the groat object , of each revision , being to . substitute , a word or reconstcuct . a . phrase so us to moke , it bear upon , and support the peculiar teneta of- the reviser and his party . It must , however , be understood that ; thp authorized version , is not a translation effected by the fifty-four 4 accomplished scholnrfl' alluded to by Dr . Cunxining . The groat impulse given by Luther to tho mind of Europe took in Protestant countries- two directions . In the one it was mainly popular , wpxfcmg for the people ; in the other it was aristocratic , and being carried forward by royal and noble [ jtersonagea ^ waa tunned tp thek special
advantage ; - " K Geneva , " says . Dr . Beard , " may fee considered , the fountain , head , of the popular current ,, ia Londonu and . the English , court the : arista * erotic . Bad fts / rise . " ! N . ever did' epiacopacy sit so . much , a ± her ease and look , so gjrand and . dJgnified as during , the . reign- of Elizabeth . Its stately , repose * . li £ tweverr was not ta last for ever ^ The popular stream had acquired ! both , volume and innpetiis . Geneva ^ though a . small city , made its . power ielt ia . the higiv places of London . Questions of doctrine came up to . compUc ' ate already agitated , questions . of discipline . The two forces 4 . the . force , of . doetviaial diversities and . the focce of diversities of disci ^ Ene ^ combined to s-well the social storm- That , storm was very Heavy and destructive . As early as the accession of James its low threatening , notes could , be heard from a distance . Tie event was regarded by Episcopacy and PresbyteriaiL ism . with excitement fia which- the fear on that side was * equalled by hope on
this .. Coming from a . Presbyterian . land , James was . expected to be cold towands . Episcopacy and generally fostering toward its rival .. Both parties were destined to be disappointed , for neither the fear of tlae one nor the hape of the other was realized . " James ' s evident leaning ., however , ; was towards the Episcopalians , but to keep the Presbyterians in good humour , a conference was held ini 1604 ,, at Hampton . Court , between these ^ two rival parties under , royal auspices , in which the idea of a new translation of the Bible- was suggested- The king ; expressed his wish that there might be ' ^ uniform , translation , ' there being two Bibles then in use , the Bishops' or Parker ' s in fav-our with the aristocracy , and : the Geneva or . the People ' s Bible .. Fifty-four of the most learned' divines were therefore appointed for the important , task . Seventeen worked at Westminster ,, fifteen , at Cambridge , and fifteen at Oxford , from which it appears that only forty-seven were actually employed ; . A list of instructions was also supplied them by the king . They were , to follow the Bishops' Bible -which , was to ba as little altered as the original would admit l though if they wanted to consult other
translations T Tyndab ' s , CoverdaIe ' s , 3 ^ atthew ' s , Whitchurch's , and the Geneva might be used . But what shows the animus of the revision akogether is the third article ; of instruction , in which it is enjoined that the old ecclesiasticaL words should he kept , ' thereby perpetuating , the system , of pr iestcraft a & it had existed for a thousand years befoie . The effect of this is . seen in the words church * bishop , yriest , deacon , ceremonial terms belonging , to the Roman Catholic establishment , instead of the words , congregation , overseer * alder * servant , or niiylster ^ the true scriptural words ,, which banish altogether the- idea of ecclesiastical exelusiveness :. It is curious , also * to trace the instances in which the king endeavoured to wre 3 t the translation of a- word or sentence sxj as to confirm hi & high notion of prerogative . In this » however , he did not always find his . forty-seven divines so compliant as he- wished We have no space to enter into a critical analogy of Tyndale ' s . translation and the authorized version . Could we do so , it would not be difficult to show that the translated Bible universally read is the work of one man , and that the revisions of subsequent scholars have only extended to verbal corrections * influenced as much by party considerations as by a deske for truth . . ¦ . .
Progress Of An Australian Golookx.. Vict...
PROGRESS OF AN AUSTRALIAN GOLOOKx .. Victoria and t && Australian Gold Mines : in 1867 . By W . Weatgarthv W ^ b Maps . Smithy . Elder , and Co Mr . West & arth ' s account of "Victoria is practical and systematic * and brought up' to the level of the day . It is a book to be bought rather than borrowed , -fop its interest isattributable not so mucli > to sparkling pictures ' or vivacious gossip a * to the solidity and 1 methodical distribution of the matter it contain * . ETo on & i & better qualified than Mr . Westgarth- to write on Australian topics ; he is an old colonist ; he has been a member of the Victorian Legislature ; he has watched the expansion of the settlement through several stages- ; he has minutely- studied the natural resources and imported civilization of its towns , villages , and goM-flelds- ; inflict , he understands his subject , and- makes excellent use- of his information . The result is ! presented in a compact volume , not light in texture , yet fax from heavy—a rational , vigorous , illxistaratrve report upon ; the progress of the greatest colony- m than sixteen since Westgarth first visited
Austcalaeiaw Its ra more years Mr . Melbourne—then a village with a population of four thousand souls , the habitations flimsy and scattered , but the traffic brisk , and tUe mind of the people bent upon ' getting" on . ' Getting oh seems at present the one purpose of civilized existence ^ enjoyment being left to a few Alciphrons and Rasselascs , and virtue—cyniea might say—being counted a Greek or Roman illusion , proper for Anarcharsis or Pittacus , but in Great Britons fantastically irrelevant . But if there be a Cleobulus among us , we resign that pedantic moralisin to him , and return to Mr . Westgarth . In 1850 the eattlo on the Australian : hrlb numbered two millions , the sheep sixteen millions , and upon leather , beef , mu / tton , and wool , the colonies prospered , exporting forty million poundla > of fine wool annually . But next year turned up the amber-bright ore , and one sort of wool-gathering was speedily abandoned for another . Yet this lasted only for a short time . The colony was restored to common senBC , and white some groped for precious metal , others reverted to that bella etcc < ffl
Voro—When maidens sheared the uocks And wove tho milky fleece , And shepherds while they wove Told them of their lore , And all the Iovo was true they tolrf , O happy ago of goFd I Tho country was placed under the authority of a well-appointed ^ police ; railways were opened ; an immense commercial system was called into existence ; tho sold and land manias were eubdued , and it may fairly bo said that Victoria exhibited a large promise of moral and sociul prosperity . It imports more than fourteen niilfions' worth of merchandize * and exports nearly sixteen millions j its population grows at the rate of manythousonUB a year , amounting at present to four Kundred thousand souls . The aboriginal mh " bitanSf oKou ™ ,. have been swamped . Originally , they numbered Scarcely ' twenty-fivo ' thousand ; they ifow stand o ut two J ™^ * " * ' hundred- * remnant sprinkled over the inaccessible parts of G » ppa J ^ aml
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 15, 1857, page 19, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_15081857/page/19/
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