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TIE LEADER. [No. 386, August 15,1857.
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CONTINENTAL NOTES. FRANCE. It is now sta...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The Ustdiajst Kevolt.. Ajf Engli&Li. Gea...
i ^ — - — disbanded . Lord William Bentinck , when he became Governor-General of India , thought it advisable to abolish flogging in the army , and , notwithstanding the strong opposition of the principal officers , that course was adopted , and thus was taken away one of the greatest restraints over the Sepoy . The effect of this was most pernicious ; constant demands were made by 4- the native troops , and acceded to by the Government , or , upon refusal , mutiny was the result , and when war ceased to employ them , the whole army was in a state of disaffection . It might be asked why Government did not know this ? For the simple reason that it would pay no attention to warnings coming from any but an official source * In the year 1833 , those warnings had been repeatedly given by portions of the Indian press , but they had been disregarded . This had gone on ; mutinies had been frequent in 1845 , and in 1850 Sir Charles Napier warned the Government that the Bengal army was in a state of mutiny . The annexations of Oude , Hyderabad , and Morreshabad ought to have taken place fifty years ago ; but the maintenance of the native princes of those places at enormous pensions had been most pernicious , and he had no doubt that the present mutinies would in some degree be traced to their source . The complaint of the greased cartridges was frivolous and nominal . The grand charge against the Government was that they had interfered with the religion of the people . There might be some little truth in that ; but , at the same time , there was a vast deal of falsehood . The worst charge to be laid at their door was their gross inconsistency . They had trifled with the religious feelings of the people ; at the same time that they had taken care there should be no interference of one caste with another , they had taken the most extreme liberties with their religious or superstitious practices . The atrocious cruelties practised by the natives of burning widows , murdering female infants , the Ghaut murders , and the offering of human sacrifices , had been abolished , owing to the suggestions or commands of the British Government ; and , though these were direct acts of interference with the castes of the people , they caused no tumult . But , while they were doing this , they made a show of very great anxiety that the prejudices of the natives should not be interfered with- ^ an instance of which was , that if a British officer ventured to shoot a peacock , which is considered by the native as a sacred bird , he frequently lost his commission . " Mr . Stocqueler conceived that one of the best modes of preventing a renewal in future times of the present troubles would be to make India more a place of settlement for Englishmen—more like our other colonies . But" The East India Company had been most averse to this latter idea ; and it was not until 1833 that it was allowed to Europeans to proceed to the interior of India , except by permission of the company . Since , however , they had been allowed to go to the interior of the country , and to settle there at will , the results had been found most beneficial instead of being disastrous , as was foreboded by the company . Those who had gone outand it was to be regretted that their numbers had not been , far larger—had understood the character of the natives ; they did them justice ; paid them regularly , and flogged them to their heart's content if they did not behave themselves . ( Laughter . ' ) All the inhabitants of alcutta jumru enrol wsui
C naa onereu sp yau >» ug w - selves as horse and foot patrol , but until this outbreak the offer was refused . The lecturer then proceeded to notice the disastrous consequences to our trade with India which -would * result from recent events . He hoped , however , they would lead to the Government of that country being placed upon a new footing—that there would be no double Government for the future , and that hundreds and thousands of our unemployed young men would be encouraged to go and fill situations in the interior which are open to them . " The last Indian mails do not bring any very cheering intelligence , though the insurrection is still confined to the Bengal Presidency . We read in the Morning Post :-r" Delhi has not fallen—that is , Delhi has not been taken by any sudden assault of the small force before it , General Barnard still'waits , for the reinforcements that are on the march to him ; when these arrive , he will no doubt attempt the storming of the place , as the rainy season will shortly set in , and it would then be impossible to make approaches in regular form . It would be equally impoesiblo to raise the siege . In the meantime there has been a good deal of fighting outside tho walls , and the mutineers appear to have attempted several sallies , and on eyery occasion to have been repulsed with loss . General Van . Courtland , a distinguished German officer , formerly in tho service of Runjeet Sing , had twice encountered the rebels in his march upon Hanai and Hissar , They loft two 1 > undred dead upon the field , besides prisoners . General Van Courtland defeated tho mutineers at Sirsnh , on his road from the north-west to join Qonoral Barnard ' s force before Delhi . Ho has still one hundred and seventy miles to accomplish , passing by Hanai gnd Hissar , and chastising any mutineers he might find In ( hose stations . " Intelligence 1 ms been , received or the mutiny of the troops At Moradabad , Pyzabad , beerpore , Sangor ,
Nowgong , Banda , Futtygurh , Mhow , and Indore . The Governors of the Presidencies are at their respective seats . " Aurungabad , " says the Morning Pott , " is the only place towards the south where any outbreak has occurred ; and there General Woodburn's columns at once crushed the rebellion .
Tie Leader. [No. 386, August 15,1857.
TIE LEADER . [ No . 386 , August 15 , 1857 .
Continental Notes. France. It Is Now Sta...
CONTINENTAL NOTES . FRANCE . It is now stated that the debts of M . Charles Thurneyssen , who recently f led from Paris , amount to 640 , 000 * . ; that his assets , at the best , will not exceed 6 O , O 0 O £ ; and that he had been insolvent for ten years , during seven of which he had been regularly plundering his employers . The creditors are endeavouring to fasten a liability , as partners , on two of his relatives—M . Auguste Thurneyssen , the celebrated banker , and M . George Thurneyssen ; but the Tribunal of Commerce has postponed its decision . The Attorney-General has appealed from a judgment by which the Tnteret Public of Tarbes was acquitted of having published false news in a late number . The editor has been summoned to appear before the Imperial Court of Pau . In connexion with the recent state trials , the following letter has been addressed to the Times : — " I hereby declare that I have no relationship nor acquaintance whatever with the Merighi mentioned by Tibaldi in the recent trial of the plot against the life of his Majesty the Emperor of the French , as having handed him the trunk containing the pistols and poniards . —Major Vrrtorio Merighi , ex-commandant of the 5 th Kegiment at Venice . " The heat of the weather in France has considerably decreased , and heavy rains have fallen . . A pair of bay horses , of American birth and breeding , have just arrived in France for the Emperor , by whom they were ordered . Captain Tardy de Montravel , of the Imperial Navy , who was appointed to the command of the island of New-Caledonia , has , by the resignation of Captain Dubouzet , been promoted to the command of all the French possessions in the Pacific Ocean . Another Governor of New Caledonia will be placed under the orders of Captain de Montravel . . The" trial of the alleged conspirators has been brought to a conclusion . The evidence went to show that , if Grilli and Bartolotti were bribed to assassinate the Emperor , they spent their money in amusing themselves , and were " reproached by their employers for taking no steps towards the desired end . M . Desmaret made two eloquent addresses for Tibaldi . In the second of these ( the strongest parts of which are not allowed to be published } he said : — " In my first address I carefully abstained from saying a word about those absent men whom the Procureur-General considers to be the chiefs of the conspiracy . But since he has again referred to them in his reply—since he will introduce the name of Ledru Rollin whenever he speaks of Mazzini , it becomes my duty to clear the cause of these phantoms . It is not for me to speak of Mazzini—he is a foreigner . His letters are on the record of this trial . But I will say that , apart from this prosecution , Mazzini ' s name is more associated with the sacred cause of Italian independence than with any political struggles . The
Procureur-Generul , with a boldness to which we have of late years been but little accustomed , has pronounced in a sympathetic tone the word Poland . That name reminds me of other peoples , who are also struggling for their nationality . For Heaven's sake , let tis not confound domestic insurrectionary movements with those sacred explosions of patriots against oppressors which should command our admiration . Let us respect all those men who work for the resurrection of nationalities—who would see Poles reign in Poland , Italians in Italy , and Frenchm en in France—each on the soil given them by God . I will now speak of Ledru Rollin . His name has a double interest for me , He is a Frenchman , and a brother barrister . There is no evidence whatever to justify the introduction of Ledru Rollin ' s name into this cause . The prosecution has raked up the testimony of a man , to whom it is said Ledru Rollin gave a sum of 500 f . in a mysterious manner many years ago . But of this alleged fact there is , no proof whatever—no guarantee , no check , no opportunity of contradiction for the accused party , and consequently the accusation is a nullity—a dream . Have we fallen so low in France that the records of administrative inquiries , which it may be it was very right to make , but which at all events were made ex parte and in secret , are to be recoived as evidence in a court of justice ? We have before us no fact whatever against Ledru Rollin . Bartolotti proves nothing . The Frenchman whom ho aays he saw went away before his conversation with Mazzini . He has told you that not a word was said in that Frenchman ' s presence . A letter of Mazzini ' s , speaking of Ledru Rollin , lias been cited , but the terms of that letter exclude the idea of assassination . The expressions there attributed to Ledru Rollin evidently amount to nothing more than prudential counsels given to a young man in whom he took an interest not to risk his career by embarking in political adventures . It was the kind paternal advice which wo who knew Ledru Rollin , might expect froin
his noble , open-hearted , generous nature . " M . Desmarets concluded by expressing a horror of assassination under any pretence . The President summed up , and the jury , after retiring for three-quarters ot an hour , returned a verdict of Guilty against all the prisoners , but with extenuating circumstances in the case of Bartolotti and Grilli . In consequence , the court condemned Tibaldi to the punishment of deportation for life , and Bartolotti and Grilli to fifteen years' imprisonment . The trial of the refugees will not take place till next month . The Emperor has ordered that a painting shall be executed representing his arrival at Osborne on board the Reine Hortense . It is believed that M . Gudin , the eminent marine painter , will be employed on the occasion . After returning to France from Osborne , the Emperor and Empress received deputations at Havre and Rouen , and then proceeded to St . Cloud . The Aloniteur publishes an Imperial decree , of which the following is the essential part : — " With a desire to confer honour by a special mark of distinction upon the ' soldiers who fought under the banners of France in the great wars of from 1792 to 1815 , we have decreed that a commemorative medal is to be given to all Frenchmen and foreigners who served in the armies or fleets , and fought under our banners between 1792 and 1815 . The medal will be in bronze , and will exhibit , on one side , the effigy of the Emperor , and on the other side the words inscribed , ' Campaigns of from 1792 to 1815 . To his companions in glory—his latest thought , 5 th of May , 1821 . '" General Kmety , whose leave of absence is expiring , left Paris on Thursday evening for Marseilles , from whence he will proceed to Constantinople by the packet to-day ( Saturday ) . An important command awaits the General on his arrival at Stamboul . TURKEY . The representatives of France , Russia , Prussia , and Sardinia have announced in a note , couched in identical terms , the cessation of their diplomatic relations with the Porte , and their approaching departure from Constantinople . The Russian and French flags were struck on the 6 th inst . The arms of Prussia and Sardinia were also covered up . The Sultan has declared that he will communicate with the French Emperor . Austria has addressed some representations to Prussia on the subject , but without effect-The Times Jassy correspondent communicates what it affirms to be the true numbers of those of the electors in the Danubian Principalities who voted in the recent elections and of those who abstained . He thus states the result : —" First is the class of the clergy . Out of the 9 abbots , 5 came aud voted ; out of 143 priests , who were to have represented the clergy of the diocese of Jassy , only 3 came . In the diocese of Kornau , out of 25 inscribed on the electoral lists , 9 came ; in the diocese of Huss all the 28 inscribed on the lists came . In the class of the great proprietors , out of 482 who were on the lists , 215 came and voted . The 2336 small proprietors as well as the 167 , 222 peasants came all in a body . In the towns , out of 2024 electors inscribed , 763 came . Thus you see that in three classes the number of those who abstained is larger than that of those who came . " The Porte has resolved to strengthen the fortifications of Widdin , as it did those of Silistria and Rustohuk during last winter and spring . The fortifications of
Widdin are to be armed with two hundred new guns , which the Danubian Steam Navigation Company has undertaken to bring from Constantinople . ITALY . Signors Gueruli and Dare * ( according to a letter from Genoa of the 6 th inst . ) have arrived there in custody from Turin , and been placed at the disposal of the magistrates , who are preparing the evidence connected with the insurrection of the 29 th of June . The supplement of the Italia del Popolo was seized at Genoa on the 5 th inst . It contained a third article , signed ' Giuseppe Mazzini , ' on the situation of affairs in Europe . He endeavours to demonstrate in that article what is the duty of the population of the Sardinian states during an attempt at revolution in Italy . The Cattolico was seized the same day , and its editor imprisoned . The Movimcnto was seized the following day . , The Minister of tho Interior returned to Turin on tne 7 th inst ., and it is expected that the State prosecutions at Genoa will be commenced without further delay . Tviro advocates , Messrs . Giuriati and Vare , havo been arrested in Turin on suspicion of having been concerned in the plot of the 29 th of June , and wore sent on tne otu to Genoa for examination before the Court of Inquiry . Some other searches havo been made both at Turin ana Genoa-lately , but without producing any additional evidence apparently , as all the persona subjected to search were soon' afterwards released . —Times Jurtn Correspondent . . A Mr . Norman has obtained a concosoion from tne King of Naples to lay down a . submarine electric cable between Malta and Sicily , in conjunction with the Uno Which is being perfected between Sicily and Naples Dy tho Neapolitan Government . England ia to have tno exclusive right to send her despatches direct without their purport being known In Naples , and tho lino is to bo completed before tho expiration of two years .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 15, 1857, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_15081857/page/8/
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