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^ *qq. Onr. 15. 1859a THE LEADER. 1153
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SATURDAY, OCTOBER 15, 1859.
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There is nothing' so revolutionary, been...
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m THE POPE AND HIS PERILS. For ten years...
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GUIDES TO SOCIAL WELFARE. It is easy to ...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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^ *Qq. Onr. 15. 1859a The Leader. 1153
^ * qq . Onr . 15 . 1859 a THE LEADER . 1153
Ad01307
SUBSCR IPTION TO "THE READER . " ONE GUINEA PER YEAR , UNSTAMPED , PREPAID . ( Delivered Gratis . ) ~ NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS . No notice can be taken of anonymous correspondence Whatever is intended for insertion must be authenticated by the name and : address of the writer ; not . nccessurily for publication , * but as a guarantee of Jiis-good iaitli . ¦ It is impossible to acknowledge the mass ot letters we receive . Their insertion is oflcn delayed , owiwr to a press of matter ; and ttften omitted . It is freouentlyJvom reasons quit < i ^ independent of the merits of the commnnica-We cannot undertake to return rejected communications . OFFICE , NO . 18 , " CATHERINE- STREET , : STBAND , . W . C .
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Saturday, October 15, 1859.
SATURDAY , OCTOBER 15 , 1859 .
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There Is Nothing' So Revolutionary, Been...
There is nothing' so revolutionary , beenuse there is nothing so unnatural and convulsive , as the strain to keep things fixed when all the world is by the very law of its creation in eternal progress . —Dit . Arnold . .
M The Pope And His Perils. For Ten Years...
m THE POPE AND HIS PERILS . For ten years the Pope lias been a sort of captive in his own dominions , guarded by French troops , and nominal sovereign of rather more than three million unwilling subjects , by the grace of the French Emperor , who rejoices in the title of " Eldest Son of the Church . " At any moment the removal of French bayonets would have been the signal for superseding the successor of St .. Peter oy a revolutionary or . national government . , During this disgraceful period vast efforts have been made to sustain the moral power of the Papacy ; on condition of its employment in behalf of the atrocious , tyranny of Austria and the suspension of liberty in France . The Concordat surrendered powers which Hildebrand might have sought in vain , and every despotic ruler felt the necessity of paying an apparent homage to the most conspicuous symbol of moral slavery and intellectual darkness extant upon earths The old ge ntleman himself had tried , with apparent onesty , to be a reforming Pope , but tie effort failed , not so much from the weakness or shortcomings of the man as 'from the inherent impossibility of the thing itself , which was like attempting to have a useful cholera or a pleasurable smallpox . ' Pio ITono could do nothing but sink into the arms of his . troublesome nurses , Lo " ^ Napoleon and Francis Joseph , who squabbled over their charge and made its condition both miserable and contemptible . The former was sincere in desiring amendments in the Papal administration sufficiently comprehensive to avert the constant danger of revolution } and the latter was equally sincere in supporting every element of misrule , as congenial to his own system , and in deprecating any movement tha . t tended to aggrandise French power in Italy , and convert into a Bonapartist lieutenant tho so-called Vicar of Christ , Ijjaraased by their contentions , and surrounded with the most profligate and corrupt set of advisers to be found in any modern Court , the poor old Pope found himself incapable of dotyg nny good , and , driven for temporary safety to support ajl abuses , and got up Porugjan raassaoros , in the vain hope that the Apostolic chaip would atand oft the firmer for being sprinkled with innocent blood . Now ., the catastrophe seems approaehing ^ -rtho Pope has loll his belpyed aubjepta to seek for . cjanjj ^^ Qj ^^^ from the miserable despot of Sjoilyj a , nd day ]> y day he welcomed the arrival or disbanded soldiers , sent 'as vofatttctyrs Tby AuiftWrijtb fight in his ranks . Garibaldi tells hia Iittl 6 army in the Papal towhbf Bologna , that 4 « the hour of « wew Struggle 1 approaches . The enemy is threatening / and ! t
perhaps will attack us before many days are over . " And the Emperor of the French , in reply to a Jesuitical address of the Archbishop and clergy of Bordeaux , declares " that the day is not far distant when the French army must be withdrawn from Rome , " and asks in , bland accents , " What will it leave behind ? - —anarchy , terror , or peace ?" ¦ Questions to which the aforesaid Bishop and clergy have , no answer , arid which are enough to bewilder Pope Pius IX ., Kaiser Francis Joseph , the Kirig of the Two Sicilies , the Duke of Modena , and other foolish princes , who seem resolved on a pleasant excursion to meet ruin halfway . Truly
the circumstances are enough to niaJce these good people send for Dr . Cmnming ' s treatise on " The Great Tribiilation Coining upon Earth ; " and cause Garibaldi ' s Cacciators to run mad for joy at the Jrospect of another game at rifle balls , in which taly seems likely to win . Austria is evidently delaying the Zurich settlement in hopes of something " turning up ;" while captains of Zouaves treat themselves to another bottle of wine ^ to drink to their chances of field-marshalship in the scrimmage that is expected to occur . Should Austria openl y mix herself up in this contest , her chances will be air the worse for the delay . Victor Emmanuel
leading Italy will have three or four times as large < an army as when attacked by Count Giulay—since known as Count Runaways-while the discontent of Hungary is more pronounced , arid the liberals of Vienna are on the look but for an opportunity of practically reminding ^ their autocrat of the constitutional rights which he swore to respect and then overthrew . What the French Emperor will do is , of course , a subject for giicssing , but it is pretty certain not to be what the Mornys and Walewskis _ represent or advise ; arid it is impossible not to . discern a grave irony in tiie expectation that " anew era of glory will j nnq <» for the Church as soon as all shall share
my conviction that the temporal power of the Holy Father" ( reduced , we suppose , to an " honorary presidency- ' ) " is not opposed to the liberty and independence of Italy . " We know that Prince Napoleon expresses confidence that the Emperor will do what he . can for Italy , and the relations between the Courts of London and Paris are reported to be satisfactory . Under these circumstances it is to be regretted that a more active interest in the Italian question is not manifested in this country . Our strong Protestant feelings should be excited by the best prospect seen for many years of the introduction of religious liberty into Italy , while our proverbial sympathy for nations nobly struggling to be free could not be displayed in a worthier cause than that for which Garibaldi is
m arms . , The French Emperor himself , or those who manage his police , must be alarmed at their uncertain relations with Italy , and seem to fear that every Italian maybe a conspirator ready t ; o avenge the Villafranca peace . No other explanation can be given of the arrest of all the Italians in Bordeaux ; and their detention during the Imperial visit . Hi * wisest plan will be to afford no just cause for anger , and give up as soon as ^ possible diplomatic mystification for ^ p lain speaking . It is again stated that a congress is to meet . Is this a symptom of peace , ' or is it tyke the former proposed congress , a signal for war .
Guides To Social Welfare. It Is Easy To ...
GUIDES TO SOCIAL WELFARE . It is easy to understand why the upper classes now labour most assiduously to . promote a certain species of education amongst the lower classes . These had become dangerous . They had acquired a knowledge of their power , and yere on the way to acquire a knowledge of their rights , and it had become indispensable to recall them . to a sense of their former duties . The yearnings of philantluropy were ascertained t ' o be good , policy . Jt was felt to be wise to sow by kindness the seeds of renewed
power . The multitude could no longer bo coerced , and it was necessary to win their favour . To drive them had become impracticable , but they might be led > Hence the numqroiw-efforts nuVta by the upper classes within the last few > yeiws , in move directions than ' we otto eriiutndrate , fy \ vin the confidence of the lower > . cl « s » ea and improve their c nta dition while they w ' ere kept Bubmisflive . ' , ' : , » Wo obpo . rve /' , sajtd ^ or ^ SihafteAhjMry , Speaking of what he witnesses under * the < tutelageiDf life Q $$ fah "to ^ ftvntyus Wtopjfthjflqtf degrade tioh and suffering , and aro ' nllodI with apprehension
and pity . Our feelings visa absolutely to terror , and then begin to awaken the conscience " . There is no longer the shadow of a doubt that there prevails , and has prevailed for a considerable period in our much-boasted land , a mass of social evil , which every one feels—its authors included—to be at variance with the designs of Providence , and therefore it must be removed . To have this admitted is an important fact , and it marks a great change from the time when our people were instructed to believe themselves supremely blest , and other , people only miserable slaves . Then , they were only incited to release the negroes from bondage , an 4 help suffering humanity all over the
globe , and were at once put down it they attempted like the Dorsetshire labourers , to help themselves . Now , it is acknowledged that their condition is fuU of intolerable suffering , and the upper classes devise means of relief . The Association for the Promotion of Social Scienpe is to show the people the way . It is to direct them how to save money , and employ time , is to provide them rational amusements , show , them how to impiove their health and lengthen their lives . It is to . watch over all tendencies to abuse , and ' nip them in the bud . The " awakened conscience " o ^ the up per classes now incites them to show the multitude the way to a social millenium . Will the multitude follow
them ? , . Under their government the condition which they now so feelingly pburtray has been brought about . They have ruled society almost unthwarted . If , in latter times , some exceptions have been remarked , it will never be said that the emancipation of the Catholics , the relief of the Dissenters ,, the abolition of the Corn-laws , which were forced on the ruling classes , and helped to awaken their consciences , liave in the least degree contributed to the ignorance , the- poverty * and . wretchedness of the multitude . How far these are the consequences of our costly institutions in Church and State , established to teach and protect the people , is the great question of social science which the association will not suffer to be
mooted in its assemblies . Like Lord Brougham , it will take for granted that nothing else but the aristocratic element , of which he is now so powerful a buttress , can " protect liberty from an arbitrary sovereign or from the insupportable tyranny of the multitude . " He , and the well-dressed mob which cheered him , and especially cheered the sentence quoted , are dreadfully alarmed at other mobs . They are terrified at their fellow men . They have no confidence in the great natural law which confers power on the many ; and , knowing better than nature , by an artificial contrivance they try , like Brahma , to secure for ever the ascendancy of a class . .. .
They accordingly continue to withhold the franchise from thei people , tell them to deserve it by what the aristocracy call virtue , or will so apportion it as to keep the multitude subservient . They cannot see any safety for society except in the continued ascendancy of the ver ^ body and the preservation of the very institutions to which the multitude attribute their comparative poverty , ignorance , and degradation . Now that the upper classes virtually . confess to previous mal-admjiuatration , is the nation implicitly to trust them in future ? Are they still to be exclusively our legislators and masters ? Are their awakened
consciences a guarantee for their virtue and their wisdom hereafter P Their present intentions are « -ood , so were those of their predecessors ? but now their Consciences are awakened by the havoc they have committed . We distrust their wisdom , not their wishes ; their knowledge , not their intentions ; and if the people bobeguiled" now wd hereafter to follow their lead , as hitherto they * » avo been induced or compelled to obey , Viem , they will continue poor , degraded , and miserable . We write openly , boldly , and honestly , for pur A , tnrA wnlfaro is ' nt issue , and the nation can only
be rightly guided by free and honest discusaibh . Lord Shaftesbury ' t ? speech at Brad / ord has been much commended , and we sha . ll gainsay . neither its warm philanthropy nor its moderation , buj we declare that it contains proofs of the most astwfobing . ignorance , M tfjo Qoinme ^ ce ^ prtt K , sajd *? Wo want a . v ^ sjb and oons ^ tly inorea ^^ ^ c ^ -r mutation , of recon * de ^ jls . to Ululate % foWM of present and approaching mischief ^ 9 ^ . to faroc tka , nub ^ hy the indjM $ on , of .. wm * % ??" twulara . ' . tk pomq tp ; the ,,, »» mo , yiew , as . ^ u ^ ffi ?^ and so arrive at an effective conclusion . ' .. . ,
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 15, 1859, page 13, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_15101859/page/13/
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