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742 THE LEADER. [India.
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INDIAN NOTES. The first news for India i...
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Bentmck s system of honorary distinction...
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It appears by a Parliamentary rqturn, th...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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742 The Leader. [India.
742 THE LEADER . [ India .
Indian Notes. The First News For India I...
INDIAN NOTES . The first news for India is a ministerial crisisthe necessary attribute of a free country— - which has excited hopes , fears , and discussions in Europe , and will undoubtedly do so in India . The consequence of the crisis is a change in the presidency of the India Board , unless Lord Stanley would consent to waive the traditional obligations ¦ of party , and serve under the new ministry . The
offer may perhaps be made to him , but there is this little difficulty in the way , that whatever offer any Premier may make no Secretary of the Treasury will consent or afford to give up the patronage Appertaining to the office , and which , whoever may be the President , his hungry claimants want the disposal of . We very much question , therefore , -whether those who entertain any such hope have the remotest prospect of its fulfilment .
investigations that the prosecution of systematic colonisation can be effected , for although something has been done in the disposal of the waste lands of Oude , the colonisation of the hills is practically languishing . Except a branch surveyed to the Nellgherries , nothing is being done for . railway communication with the hills , so that the cantonments there are virtually useless , and troops cannot be stationed there , nor can settlers conveniently get to them . Soiiie ftrw new sites have been discovered by casual survey , and some new sanitaria
allowed to be opened on a small scale , but literally and truly the matter is left to private enterprise , and to enterprise so very private , that the progress * is small , and the thanks due to the Government of the smallest . Some of the members of the Government are still indisposed to colonisation , and quite disposed to represent that its supporters want to send Dorsetshire labourers and their -wives and families to earn eight shillings a month in India . The Indian officials are not yet awakened to the importance of the subject , or -they purposely throw difficulties in the wav because all those
• who advocate a native army and hold , appointments in it , see with the greatest dissatisfaction the course of measures which must result in abolishing the native armies , and placing India under the safeguard of English soldiers , militia and volunteers , with only native unarmed police , under English superintendence in the plains , and controlled by the English civil population of the cities . The creed of the old Indian is a ^ native army , and the perfection of the native army * is an irregular corps with a lieutenant officiating as colonel , and drawing a colonel ' s pay and allowanceSj and two subalterns to assist him , on double pay . This is the real beauty of an irregular cavalry corps , in the eyes of its advocates , and another rebellion will be readily risked
for its enjoyment . Colonisation must , however , advance , and we have constantly to report facts in its favour . We have now to notice from Madras that the Government there is taking measures to supply its deficiencies of sanitar ial establishments . An experiment hges been sanctioned to test the capabilities ^ of Galee Purvattum as a sanitarium for troops living in the northern division . While the Madras
Coinmander-in-Chief was at Waltair he appointed a committee , of which the Inspector General of Hospitals was the president , to search for a suitable site in that neighbourhood , as we then announced . It was in consequence of the advice of Mr . Fane , M . C . S .,. that the expedition , proceeded at once to Galee Purvattum . Here the highest elevation reached by Dr . McPherson was 5 , 3 OOfl ., but unfortunately there was no plateau suitable for tlie required purpose . Such , however , has Lcen found of sufficient extent for the wing of a regiment , with abundant water supply within easy
reach , and still at the considerable elevation of 5 , 100 feet . The direct distance of Galee Purvnttum from Waltair is fifty miles , and from the sea forty miles , being one of the highest points of the " Yindhya mountains , the dividing range between the Ganges and the Norbuddft , The capability of this place for English troops will now be tested . The other site which has been examined is in the Anamalay hills , in the same presidency , wliich , as we have mentioned , was explored by an expedition organised by the Conservator of Forests and inspector-General of Hospitals , starting from Ootakamund , in the Noilgherries , on the 9 th Oct . These h ^ lls had only once before been visited by \ xi \
XTjuropcunu , iuujuuiy , x vyniuuLjuuy u « , u « . ov » . « , M . CS ., and Capt . Michael , M . N . I . In the now expedition , although undertaken at an unfavourable period , and restrained by the weather , important results were obtained , ana since then Gapt . Boddomo has succeeded in reaching- the highest point , which is 9 , 000 feet above the soa ; The report of the expedition states the existence of'abundance of useful timber , and of large traots ofland suitable for coffee and tea planting , and now occupied by wild boasts . Major Hamilton , 21 st Regt . MJST . L , contributed some valuable drawings of the beautiful scenery , which is said to be most
attractive to Europeans . tive to Europeans . The mail again affords evidence of the activity of Sir Charles Trovolyan in his energotio career of administrative reform . What wo ore inclined to class as highly as anything is tfye attention ho bestows on the natives . We latel y reported some acceptable arrangements , and n 6 w loarn that he has introduced into the Madras presidency Dr . "Wra .
The inconvenience of such a change at this moment is very great , for the government of India is in process of transition , and thei-e is now an end to a sett led policy for a long while . The new President will most likely take up the threads of the current arrangements , but disorganisation and hesitation will infallibly do their work . The news of an impending ministerial crisis reaching India paralyses many a plan of reform and many a public work . It is thought Lord Stanley may favourably receive it , but what will be the sentiments of has to
iord A . or Mr . B . ? Lord A . an objection planters , to mis nonaries , to municipalities , to education , to everything in the way of improvement ; and Mr . B . has strong notions on other points ; so that the worthy projector , however high in rank , may find himself snubbed . Then there is the -whole stock of intrigues founded on the prospect « f Lords A ., B ., C . and D ., and Messrs . E ., F . arid G-. getting into power ; applications forwarded to Europe for staff appointments and snug berths j find , all the contingencies ' personal changes .
These inconveniencies have been most bitterly felt in the colonies , and they will now be felt in India , although there are strong bulwarks of the fcureaueracy in India and of the like body at iiome . The inconvenience is grave , but we cannot say we regret , seeing what has taken p lace in the colonies , where one course of remedy has been to strengthen the local governments , so that now a . ministerial crisis here produces small effect , but it must be long , ere India can obtain anythingin the shape of representative government , and it must accordingly feel the more strongly the . personal
effects of ministerial changes . When we come to look a little more carefully at the matter the evil is not so monstrous as at first sight it seems ; for India , if not under party government , has been always under personal and individual Influences . Whence those great Indian families , ¦ wh o ' rule India more effectually than the dynasties « f Timour or Sevagee?—whence the monopoly of medical appointments by Edinburgh , Glasgow , and Aberdeen MlD . ' s ?—whence so many northern names in the muster rolls P Quietly India had l > ecome the domain of an oligarchy , and very *| uietly . these matters were managed ; for the iuerarchy was fast attaining the harmony of a liappy family , but now there will be these
JJtiriUUlUlll . CLHUIL-UB , U 1 UUU UIU 1 U UUjJ \ JX KU 1 L VXIU . II HUM Periodical appointment of a Governor-General or ! ommander-m-Chiefi and the whole of Indian Affairs will be sifted by the contending factions . In minor matters , and some large ones , great inconvenience will be felt ,, but on the whole , India will gain , as hVhas already gained , by obtaining a greater share of the attention of the English public . There is some little comfort that , during these times of difficulty , the submarine telegraph has been successfully laid from Suez to Aden , communicating with Alexandria . We regret to say tlwt the line connecting with Constantinople has ,
for the time , failed , in consequence of a breakage . It will be remembered that this part of the undertaking has further suffered from the mi ^ conduot of the Government in entering into a convention to place the communication with India in the hands of the Austrian Government , and now their route 3 > y way of Trieste is stopped . ' The muMsterial crisis may produce another inconvenience in delaying Mr . Ewart ' s Committee on Colonisation , tlie sittings of which are proposed to bo resumed , and the continuance of the x eports of which is a matter of great moment to the progress of India . It is only under the stimulus of these
Bentmck S System Of Honorary Distinction...
Bentmck s system of honorary distinctions , namely : for- Hindoos , the titles of Rai , Rae , Bahadoorj Rai or Rae Bahadoor , Rajah , Rajah Bahadoor * and Maharajah ; and for Mahomedans , Khan , Baliadoor Ivhan Bahadoor , Bahadoor Jung and Xawab . All letters of the governor to natives of India are to be written in English according to certain forms suited to the rank of the parties , s " as My Friend , My dear Friend , & c > , and ending , Your sincere Friend , & c . It is rightly observed that
these titles , in conformity with the presence of the Court of Dellii are quite in accordance with native usages and feelings . In the middle ages they were an important part of the paraph eriialia of each chancery , but now only in Germany does the regard for them prevail over the bother , for our beloved Queen can only on special occasions address Her Right Trusty and Right Well-beloved Cousin , or Her Trusty and AVell-beloved , and so-forth . Sir Charles has likewise resolved to throw open the grounds of Grundy Park every Monday afternoon , when the Artillery band plays .
He had likewise taken in hand the department of Public Works , sent out all the superintending engineers into their respective districts to control their subordinates , metamorphosed the Chief Engineer into Secretary to Government in the department of Public Works , which will civilise him to some extent , and deprive him of Ids military notions , and founded a new department for audit of public works expenditure . ! As an aid to these operations , an engineering college is to be founded at Madras on the plan of that at Roorkee , but we hope that in time the Roorkee system will be fully carried out , and the college placed' in a healthier and more comfortable situation than Madras .
It is , howevei " , of veiy little good forming departments for public works , without funds are provided for the expenditure ; and at this moment the public are little aware that , so far as new undertakings are concerned , the department of Public Works for India is virtually at a standstill from the financial imbecility of the Government , which has been frightened out of affording the requisite supplies for reproductive works . Sir Charles Trevelyan refused to undertake Ins government with his hands so tied , and he has obtained front Lord Stanley authority to expend a certain amount without reference to the general government of India , and he will only have occasion to refer to them if lite demands exceed these limits .
All , therefore , that , by economy and contrivance , he can screw out of the allotted sum set apart for the Madras expenditure will be available lor such public works as he chooses to set in hand at once , without having the trouble of correspondence and delay . He has already persuaded Sir Patrick Grant to make several reforms in the army , and it is provided that , in consideration of the organisation of the police in the Mofussil , the native army shall be reduced gradually , for which purpose recruiting is at once stopped till the regiments are brought down from sixty havildars , sixty narks , and 1 , 000 sepoys , to 100 native non-commissioned oflicers and 800 sepoys . It is supposed tins will in the end reduce 12 , 000 men . recommends
The Commander-in-Chlef likewise the abolition of a number of extra stall appointments—as Assistant Adjutant-General and Deputy Quartermaster-General of the Queen s * orces , anU Second Aide-de-camp . All these measures will lessen tho drain on the Madras treasury . The Governor is , however , by «<> means neglectful of tho defences , for , instead of pulling down old Fort St . George at Madras , and building another of the same obsolete modul at a cost ol 46 , 000 Z ., ho has determined to throw down tho sea face of the old fort , which intercepts tho sea breeze and makes the barracks unhealthy , and to rey laooi t by earthworks , mounting thereon * ^ "f * "g riflocl cannon ordered iron ? England . Fov ^ urthor protection of the coast from the * W to vhotn
, it has been a favourite point of assault , 140 othei rifled cannon are to be placed at various pomta along tho ooast . Officers have been named to undertake tho works .
It Appears By A Parliamentary Rqturn, Th...
It appears by a Parliamentary rqturn , that the total number pf Inhabited houses »» . England and Walea in 1851 was 3 , 278 , 039 , inhabited by 17 . 0-7 . persons . The number of houses rated to the loiiet of the poor In the metropolis , at ^^^/" iSJJ ' was as follows :-London ( City ) 1 M 82 ; Jflng , 38 , 208 , Marylobono , 42 , 720-, Tower Hamlets , 80 , 513 ; and Weetmlnstor , 20 , 08 / .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), June 18, 1859, page 10, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_18061859/page/10/
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