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November 19, 1853.] THE LEADER. 1111
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" Paris, Nov. 14. "Mt deae Coebiw,—I hav...
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THE SOCIETY OF ARTS. Mit. ItAititY Chest...
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WESTMINSTER FREEHOLD LAND SOCIETY. A pub...
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OUR SANITARY" STATE. It -will be seen fr...
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NEW ABCTIC EXPEDITION. At the opening se...
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IIYIION'S ESTATK Ak adminiid,rat.ion uni...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Slavery In Cuba. The Havannah Correspond...
• would be nijschieyous to the . pqpr negro , himself . In addressing you this letter , I build largely , but I hope not too boldly , upon the genial dispositions which , for long years , you have manifested towards myself , and , if possible , still more upon the friendly sentiments and lofty , unprejudiced , views which vou have always' entertained towards the United States . Sufc as the subject is a delicate one for you in your official position to treat further than a correction of the statements here referred to , I would have you dispose of it as you deem ' wisest , discreetest , best . ' " Meantime ^ as always , I remain , my Lord , very faithfully and sincerely yours , "F . P . Cohbiw , of Virginia . " To Lord Howden , & c . "
November 19, 1853.] The Leader. 1111
November 19 , 1853 . ] THE LEADER . 1111
" Paris, Nov. 14. "Mt Deae Coebiw,—I Hav...
" Paris , Nov . 14 . "Mt deae Coebiw , —I have this moment received your letter of yesterday , and I can assure you that it has not in the least embarrassed me . Our long friendship gives you a perfect right to ask me any questions that in a public situation I can answer with propriety , and your tact will have told you that in the present case I must be fully as anxious to impart the truth as you can be to know it- I have read the strange statements you have sent me libout England wishing to ' Africanize' Cuba , arid about the arrangements which I have been making at Madrid to that effect . I give you , in the most solemn manner such laughable ( though wicked ) fabrications allow , my unqualified contradiction of the whole matter . I have not the
slightest hesitation m telling you what have been , ( during th « last three years my negotiations with the Spanish Government respecting Cuba , and you will see whether there is even the slightest foundation for rumours which seem to have been inost sedulously spread abroad in the United States . First , I have been" making unceasing representations at the number of slaves annually imported into the island , and complaints of the almost open manner in which the traffic was carried on under the very noses of the captains-general , always excepting the excellent General Concha . Secondly , I have been making .-fruitless attempts to get the Spanish Government to declare the abominable traffic in men piracy , —that is to say , to follow the example of the United States in this particular .
Thirdly , I passed my time in anxious solicitations to obtain the ultimate and complete freedom of those JNegroes called ' Emancipados , ' who have beon fraudulently detained in bondage since the year 1817 , in disregard of treaties * I rejoice to say that the Spanish Government has listened to the dictates of justice and humanity , and has granted me this boon . Fourthl y * I have been endeavouring to procure an abrogation of that intolerant and immoral law , by which foreigners , wishing to settle in Cuba , are obliged to change their religion , on the somewhat startlin g principle ( not understood elsewhere ) that becoming bad men is a satisfactory preliminary to becoming good subjects . To these official negotiations I have added , at various times , friendly and officious exhortations to improve the internal system of the island , by facilitating the administration of
justice , and by liberalizing the nominations to oflfice and employment among the natives of the island . You will seo what I really have done , or rather attempted to do , is very different from what I am said to have done in your papers . When the true state of the case is known , and ignorance or malevolence dispelled , I even reckon upon tho good-wishes of your countrymen in the success of the measures I ask , so consonant with your own laws and institutions . In all that I have here told you with entiro candour , the United States can only see the natural working of England's declared and unchanging policy in a cause which ia dear to her , and Spain herself must feel that , in days like these , unless she executes her engagements and modifies her intolerance , she can never hope to enter again , and us she ought to do , into the hierarchy of nations .
' Ifehcve mo , my dear Corbin , with groat regard , yours sincerely , "P . Corbin , Esq ., Paris . "IIoWDKN . "
The Society Of Arts. Mit. Itaitity Chest...
THE SOCIETY OF ARTS . Mit . ItAititY Chester , chairman of the council of the Society of Arts , inaugurated the opening of its hundredth session , on Wednesday , at the Society ' s Rooms in the Adelphi , with a long speech . In tlnH he traced tho previous history of the Society , from its Huggestion by William Shipley , in 175 tf , up to the present time — from tho presidency of Lord . Folkestone to that of Prince Albert . Ho fihowed that it had encouraged not only the fine arts , but comineroo and manufactures , and liad usefully directed attention , before 17 i > 3 , to various improvements in agricultural processes and machinery . At tho close of his speech , referring to tho present and the future , Mr . Chester made . some ftp * vomarlcH on tho education of the working classes :
"The '( striken' which afflict tho manufacturing districts am regarded l > v the council with doop regret . The- Society iooh mi equal interest in tho well-being of tho maulers and men . . l £ xpericnco of tho past ovjln of former utrikoN is found insufficient to prevent their recurrence . Its Mad WHHon . N must bo nguin and again learned ; but id may lio l > oj )(!< l that , when wo have aroal education of dho people , fliumi livmciitiibln Hpc (; t . ucl (^ H ' may bo no more ncouj and id 'n worth conjecturing whether , whou education in improved , HU '« m < indmont wl'iho law of unlimited liability , and the
mtroduodion of partnorNhipH on commandita , by placing Mio men in the position of mantern in sudx purtnerHhipn , might no t have hoido elleed towardw restraining workinon from tultin ^ r- Up ^ UH h ,,, ;!^ jioHttion which ift inconHiHl e » v t with the oHHontiid condilioufi ofmiiHlorHhip , and h « H nil inevitable tendency to destroy ( he moaim of employment . You hiuo HO ' eu thud in ids KirHd century l . ho Society of Ardf ) 1 mm bwn an active promoter of education- —I hope that ., in "hh respect , our second century will be no diHcredit do idn older In-other . The council in * thoroughly convinced that ll unproved education for dho wholo people , rich and poor , adult uud child , in the < irat roquinito lor the improvement
Of manufactures , commerce , and arts ; that a liberal measure of science must enter into that education ; and that it is the duty of this Society to promote vigorously this great object . We shall not involve the Society in any religious or political controversies ; but we shall lend a helping hand to make education industrial , scientific , and practical . ( Applause . ) In the pursuit of this purpose , we ought to be powerfully aided by the associated institutes * " We rely on them for cordial , energetic , and continuous aid . It is important that they should continue to do what they do at present ; but they might do it better and do more . They generally lament that they are unable to maintain in efficiency their classes for systematic instruction . The council is of opinion that the mechanic , artisan , or iabourer has at present no sufficiently obvious inducement to pursue continuous studies in his local institute . His previous
education lias not prepared him for it . There are little or no emulation to incite him , no examination to test his progress , no certificates or diplomas to record it , no present and tangible rewards for his success . Wanting such encouragements , the yojuth who , after his daily work , purely for the love of knowledge , ' pursues it in regular attendance at his institute , is a hero of no mean order , and such youths are not abundant in any class of society . It is hoped that during the present session the council may be able to establish a system whereby examinations may be held in several districts , and certificates of progress and attainments , and possibly prizes , may be awarded to the classstudents of the institutions in union with the Society of Arts—it is hoped , also , that an exhibition of educational apparatus , foreign as well as British , may be opened when the present very interesting exhibition of ' useful inventions' is closed . "
There was a goodly company present , and much interest waa shown in the examination of the various articles exhibited in the rooms .
Westminster Freehold Land Society. A Pub...
WESTMINSTER FREEHOLD LAND SOCIETY . A public meeting of the Westminster Freehold Land Society was held at Caldwell ' Eooms , Dcan-strect , Soho , on Thursday . Mr . J . George , churchwarden of St . Ann ' s , in the chair . Tho chairman opened the proceedings of the evening bv a reference to the merits of the Westminster Freehold Laud Society , which , he said , by _ this time-were pretty well understood . There was one tiling which tended greatly to advance the progress of these societies , which was that they were always open to every possible inquiry , and the more the Society was inquired info the more would the working classes and the public see the benefit derivable from it . Sinqe its formation it had received in subscription from shareholders the sum of 22 , 187 ? . 12 s ., and , according to the last report , they were now in possession of no fewer than eight estates—namely , East Moulsey ( West Surrey ) , Eeigate , and Long Ditton , both in East' Surrey , Holmsdale , Kent Town , Kilburn , and Brixton . The amount of the subscription for this year was 6 , 6771 . 7 s . 4 rf ., and at the present time they had ' added to the elective franchise of the country 112 voters , persons who had received their votes by small weekly subscriptions of about eightcenpence , and had already obtained possession of the qualifications on account of their paid up shares . The advantages of this society might be understood , when it is stated that Rome of the allotments which had cost only 30 ? ., had been sold again for 602 ., on account of the desired privilege of being early put in possession of a plot of freehold land , and this too on a 301 . share . As a means of saving money , it waa far before savings banks , where a man could only get three per cent , for his monoy , besides a limitation being placed as to the amount of capital to be held . Persons taking shares , and not desiring an allotment , could easily
realize from 10 do 12 per cent ., without any risk or trouble whatever . They could not benefit , themselves more than by joining a society of this description . Some of the allotrnetits in this society had been obtained aa low as 201 . or 251 . For the small sum of cighteonpence a week a member might be put in possession of an allotment so far as to bo receiving rent from dho property , and by tho end of six or Heven years , it was very likely that if he had not got full possession of his allotment , ho would at the least he receiving a rent equivalent ; to his subscription until the share wuh paid up . The secret of it was that land was purchased nt ; the wholesale price , and retailed so to the members . Sewerage , road-making , and , in fact , everything , was done by contract , oven to tho legal conveyance of the property . Why , the mere investigation into the title of a Hinall estate liit . il cost nearly ! M )/ ., while in thin Hoeiedy a nian ' H allotment ; was conveyed do him for a few ithillinirH .
Mr . JIuggeff , dho secretary , adverted to the political influence of laud nocietien . Id hud been found that , although those Hocielien had professed not , to he political machines yet they had exercised great ; political influence in counties where such inlluenoo was most ; desirable . The persoiiH who had become votern through the instrumentality of tho societies , were perform who wore dependent on their own exertions , and wore not tho dependents upon a nquiru in one quarter or an aristocratic customer in another . Tim Westminster Society wan the lirnt established , in . London . It had never introduced tho NyHtom of lotteries , which hud beeli adopted by other Hoei . eljeti , jih'being bad in prineinln in
midduugoroiiH practice . Repudiating th <> lottery principle ho believed dim avorugo dime at which a person outorinir the Noeiody would receive bin allotment would not , exceed * two yearn . He Maid that on tho Kilburn vutiitei , by the dime Home of dho uieinbeivi had paid 157 . towardH their allotments , they wero offered n » much as 25 / . promium for their privilege , but which they atoadily declined . He further explained tho wifely and security of investment in land , which , the moro it wan known , the moro it would he appreciated . Having fpforrod dho mooting to tho hint annual report , a great number of quoNtiouB were put relative to the jnnnageimmt of tho oocioty , all of which wore mont tmtini'actorily anKwtirod . A vote ofthanku was unanimousl y awarded do tho chairman , him I the mooting separated .
Our Sanitary" State. It -Will Be Seen Fr...
OUR SANITARY" STATE . It -will be seen from the subjoined report of the Registrar-General that there were fewer deaths last week than in the previous week . ' The correspondence between elevation and mortality is again illustrated .. " The deaths registered in the metropolis in the week that ended on Saturday rose to 1192 , having been in the previous week 1112 . In the ten weeks corresponding to last week of the years 1843-52 the average number was 1028 , which , if raised in proportion to the increase of population , becomes 1131 . Hence it appears that tho actual mortality of last week was in excess of the calculated amount by 61 .
Ihe deaths in the present return show an increase on the weekly numbers of October , arising -apparently from greater coldness of the weather , and also in part from cholera . Bronchitis grows more fatal . The rate of mortality from cholera has been nearly stationary during tho last three weeks ; the number of fatal cases last week was 98 . Of these , 16 occurred in the west districts , 15 in the north , 22 in the east , and 45 on the south side of the river . If one occurred in the central districts . Cholera continues to be most fatal in the lower parts of the London basin . In conformity with- the law wMch , it Avas found , regulated the mortality of cholera in 1848-49 , the mortality in the . present epidemic , although the numbers are few , is nearly in the inverse ratio of the elevation of the ground on which tho dwellings of the inhabitants stand .
The mortality from cholera in the districts at an average elevation of less than 20 feet above Trinity high-water mark has been 38 in IOOjOOO inhabitants ; in the districts of an average elevation of 20 and below 40 feet ( 20—40 feet ) the mortality has been 20 in 100 , 000 ; at an elevation of 40—60 feet the mortality has been 13 in 100 , 000 ; at 60 feet of elevation and under 120 the mortality has been . 8 in 100 , 000 . At Hampstcad , where the elevation may be put at 350 feet , there has hitherto been no death from , cholera . " The total number of deaths from cholera in the metropolis hare been 657 , while in 1848 , they were , in the corresponding period , only 377 .
In the provinces and Scotland we have no new outbreaks to record , nor any material mortality in the old quarters .
New Abctic Expedition. At The Opening Se...
NEW ABCTIC EXPEDITION . At the opening session of the Royal Geographical Society , on Monday , Captain Inglefield and Lieutenant Cresswell gave accounts of the discoveries of Captain M'Clure , and the former suggested anew expedition . It was unanimously agreed that the chairman , Sir Roderick Murchison , should solicit the Admiralty to send out another expedition to the Arctic regions , in the summer of 1854 . None of the solicitations of the society have hither to been made in vain . It is not intended at present to send out any more expeditions in search of Sir John JYanklin and his missing companions in a , north-west direction , although further supplies will , if found requisite , be sent to Beechey Island for Sir Edward Belcher ' s expedition . The new Arctic expedition is intended to proceed in quite a contrary direction to any of those previously sent out from this country in search of Sir John Franklin and the officers and crews of the Erebus and Terror discovery ships , now upwards of eight years absent from England . The Phoihiix screw steam sloop will be again commiaaioncd by Captain Edward Inglefield , F . K . 8 ., who was presented with a gold modal by the Geographical Society at the last meeting , and he will proceed to the Arctic regions in her , and endeavour to make a passage into the Polar Sea to the north-east of Spitsbergen . In addition to the English bottles found Home time ago on the coa . st of Siberia , and forwarded to England by the Russian Government , intelligence has been received that Hevonil deer had been found at Spitsbergen with their ears cut , a proof that they had been in the hands of persoiiH who had adopted that English modo of marking them . The Admiralty have liberally granted 5 () t . to each of tho gunroom officers , and . ' . />/ . to each of the other oiFicerH of the Plur . mx screw uteani hloop , an compensation for the expenses they incurred in providing for their menu for a longer period than their recent four months' voyage would have warranted for ho short a period , rim I a . s they had prepared their stocks to List for dho winter had they been frozen up during their progress . Tho Admiralty also appear desirous of securing the services of several of the officers who served in dho last voyage made by tho J' / xrni . c , Mr . Staunton , recently master of that vessel , having been
appointed to the ' Ihtniitli'ss , ;\ t Portsmouth , as that frigate i ; i to h <> kept for service at a home port . Mr . Richards , reeontly-serving as clerk in . the P / ionix , in appointed to the Edinburgh gunnery tdiip , at , Devonport ; nu * l both these oilicurM are desirous of again nerving in any Arctic Expedition that may be fitted out under the command of ( Japtain Jnglefield . Mr . St . Minton , although appointed to the lhvn , nUe & . t has obtained permission to remain at Woolwich for some time to completely work out the obftervations he was engaged upon , -fust at ( Jroonhitho , and afterwards in the Arctic Regions , and now in the Obnorvatory of tho CoinpasH Department at . Woolwioh ,
Iiyiion's Estatk Ak Adminiid,Rat.Ion Uni...
IIYIION'S ESTATK Ak adminiid , rat . ion unit ,, in reference to Uio estate of Lord . Byron , is pending before Vico-Ulmnoollor Kendersley . The only questions dis . cuH . sod were as to tho
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 19, 1853, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_19111853/page/7/
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