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Affairs^ THE LE|DEB, 647
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honour our parents, because sovereigns a...
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THE GALWAY OUTLAY. The picture in ." Pun...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Affairs^ The Le|Deb, 647
Affairs ^ THE LE | DEB , 647
Honour Our Parents, Because Sovereigns A...
honour our parents , because sovereigns are the father ^ of their subjects . Sovereigns are usually called 1 ''Fathers of their people , ' because they concern themselves for the welfare of their subjects , in the same manner as parents concern themselves for the wel-- fare of their children . " "It is not enough to show outward respect to sovereigns , bowing before them . It is the will of God that we honour our sovereign in our hearts , respecting him , loving him , wishing Mm long life and a happy government , praying to God for him , and submitting ourselves obediently to his commands . Subjects are bound to pray for their sovereign , for God has commanded them to do so by the mouth of St . Paul . We ought to pray for our sovereign , in order that we may lead a quiet life , ' in all godliness and honesty . ' " " Other sovereigns must be prayed for , and honoured by being feared , because God has placed the sword in their hands . . Good subjects should fear . their sovereigns , in the same way as good children fear their parents , by taking care not to offend them . The sovereign , the Scriptures say , is the minister of God to thee for good . But if thou dost that which is evil , be afraid , for he beareth not the sword in vain , for he is the minister of God , a revenger to execute wrath on him that doth evil . We sin against honouring our sovereign by wishing him misfortune or ill—murmuring at or despising him . Subjects should conduct themselves towards their sovereign as ' faithful servants conduct themselves
s 5 i « [ 1 1 ITALIAN LIBERTY . —No . II . WiiU'E Austria , lays claim to be German in character she is only so partially ; and even in the less barbarous ' territory so denominated she Has managed to suppress intellect and stifle inquiry even in matters not political . Her- dominions are the modern Boeotia . Doubt , the parent of truth , is not admitted into her dominions , either in religion or politics , lest it lead to the development of some principle favourable to freedom . No despotism on earth has been so felicitous in the preservation of intellectual darkness . Thus Austria is the enemy of our common humanity . No genius
. * , irradiates her , no learning elevates , no generosity ennobles—all is sedulously stifled that is deemed elsewhere to confer glory on character . In Russia , the court , nobles , and merchants are well informed and courteous , if the peasantry are not yet out of serfage ; and there the arts are encouraged . In Austria all is stolidity , ignorance , and vice . The extent of social immorality is considered of no moment , if it have no political bearing . Vienna is the brothel of Europe . No celebrated names illustrate Austrian annals , no bright examples of genius . Her glory is her selfishness , her . bearing a cold insolence , her public disgraces never shame
her . She cherishes her army before every other branch of her service , till its expenses crush her ; and is nine times out of ten obliged to employ foreign commanders . She sticks at nothing : take for example the cruel murder of the plenipotentiaries at Radstadt , who met there to negotiate a peace . The Emperor , getting a subsidy , resolved to continue the war . The three unfortunate mien set out on their return home , under the security of the honour of Austria , and her safe conduct as well . They had not gone far , when they were stopped by a " party of the Emperor ' s own dragoons , murdered by them , and robbed of them papers .
TwoVere dead , and one , believed mortally wounded , was undesignedly lef t to tell the tale of the atrocity . The papers of the unfortunate men were . the objects of this - horrible and unheard of crime , for wliich Austria did not blush , although it filled Europe with astonishment , because , until then , for mutual convenience , the . persons of envoys , plenijDOtientaries , and ambassadors had always been sacred . Austria may some day be again the exception- —the . sole example of the repetition of such a crime , for at this hour she is not ashamed of the past . But why do I quote these things within the
memory of men ? I reply , to show that Austria is an exception to all the other states of Europe—republican , monarchical , or despotic . Abject in adversity , arrogant in success , haughty without dignity , shameless under disgrace , and contemptuous of everything which elevates man in the scale of being , with a population of thirty-four millions , she has laeon successful in veiling her dominions from the intrusion of the arts and sciences ,. and in deepening the slough of religious and political bigotry , into which , as into another Styx , she dips her population , rendering her people invulnerable to all those considerations which m every other realm find respect and admiration . There is no
patriotism in Austria ; one despotic individual , moved by capricious ignovance , originates all that speaksall that possesses animation . His soldiers have no enthusiasm . Tho cane , and tho blows it inflictsone rank upon another of her stupid soldiery , in a regulated scale as to the number inflicted—supply the place of high military feeling , and-tho love of glory in other countries . The cane and superstitious fears , then , are the stimulants she applies in place of a love of honour or of oountry . She tolerates one faith to sanotify tyranny , and knows well how to make use of it , inoqulating hor military with perverted religion—making Heaven administer to . her vices . The press she uses only for the
debasement of the human mind . Such , then , is the Power win oh seeks to enslave the land of the arts and sciences- —Italy , so glorious in ( letters , bo honoured in history . How well tho crozior is made to contribute to the ends of such a government and tho perversion of , truth I will give the reader tho power of judging . I quoto the Austrian cathoohism , winch iirst states ^ that tho end of all education is to make loyal subjects . I omit tho questions for the sake of shortness : — " It is tho duty of subjects to honour thoir sovereign , because thoy aro commanded to do so by God . Tho precont is written In the Epistle of St . Potor' i Fear GodT and honour tHo king . ' "We ought to honour our sovereign in the eamo nfannor * as Syq
perjury they commit a worse sin than theft . A deserter should bear his punishment patiently , without murmuring , or cursing his superiors . He should reflect that he deserves his punishment , and he should adore divine justice !" While England , France * and other enlightened countries endeavour to elevate the soldier ' s character for intelligence , and cherish in him a love of duty , a high spirit , a generous enthusiasm , and love of country , Austria brutifies hers ; inculcates a hatred to freedom ; disciplines men , like mules , with the stick ; endeavours to darken their intellects , and ensure obedience by making religious bigotry useful and ignorance more dense—allies worthy her ruler and his system . Such is the people and such are the governors who desire to govern the fair southern landjjfof literature and the arts which Austria would blot , if she could , from the face of the earth to secure her arbitrary will . For ravaging Sardinia the Austrian Emperor is personally responsible . It appears that his ministers hesitated : not so the autocrat . His conduct and position remind us , while he is thus crying havook and vengeance , of Cowper ' s lines : — " Think yourself stationed on si towering rock , To see a people scattered like a flock ; A royal mastiff panting- at their heels . With all the savage thirst a tig-er feels ; Then view him self-proclaimed ill his Gazette , Chief monster that has plag-ued the nations yet . '' I have given the true character of the potentate who has kindled war in Europe in defiance of "the rights of free nations—who rules over a medley of races ever , true to his detestation of all whioh renders liberty glorious , and the rights of men sacred . One thing is certain , that no " tear will grace his obsequies , " should he fall himself into his own pit . Paolo .
toward . their masters , because the . sovereign is their master , and has power not only over their goods , but over their lives .. We ought to be faithful to our sovereign , by studying never to depart from the obedience we are bound to pay "him , and to preserve and promote , as far as in us lies , collectively and individually , the honour , dignity , life , and prosperity of his sacred person . Subjects sin against the duty they owe their sovereign by betraying and abandoning him in his necessity . When designs are plotted , it is the duty of subjects to denounce them to their sovereign , n Disloyal subjects , although their infidelity may be concealed from man , have to . fear the chastisements of God , both temporal and eternal . "
" The obedience which subjects- owe their sovereign consists in the punctual observance of the laws , and in the docile and cheerful fulfilment of his commands . Disobedience is a sin , and in case the tiling commanded be of importance ^ disobedience is a mortal sin , proved by the words of Holy Writ . In the Epistle of St . Paul to the Itomaus we read : ' Whosoever , therefore ; resistetb . power , resisteth the ordinance of God ; they'shall receive to themselves damnation '—that is , the eternal torments of hell . St . Paul adds : ' Wherefore ye must needs be subject , not only for wrath , but for conscience sake . ' Subjects are bound to obey bad sovereigns . God has so commanded . St . Peter says ; ' Servants , be
Subject to your masters with all fear , not only to the good and gentle , but also to the froward . ' Subjects should obey their sovereign as children should obey their parents . Joseph and Mary , the parents of Jesus Christ , gave a signal instance of such obedience . They went to Bethlehem to be inscribed in the registers forming by order of the sovereign , although the journey was long and painful , in the winter season , in obedience to the order of Augustus , Emperor , of the Romans . The consideration of the recompense wliich God has promised should stimulate obedience , for God recompenses tho obedience ot subjects with temporal benediction , and with eternal life in heaven . "
The same system of monkery , to support absolutism is adopted to make the taxes bo paid readily ; the not so paying them is a sin , because taxes maintain the court , army , magistrates , & o . " He who has the moans of paying and will not pay , transgresses a divine command . " In war , subjects are to abstain from talkinglightly about events , because , being ignorant of the true circumstances , thoy may , by their discourse , mislead the people . Not to bo suspected , both citizens and peasantry are to remain quiet at homo , attend to their . concerns , work , and pray for victory to thoir sovereign , and peace to their oountry ; and when they suiter loss from the enemy , bear it with patience , trusting in God and thoir Emperor . [ Wav is admitted to be a scourge , but thoro is a long tirade appropriated to soldiora and discipline , The part devoted to desertion is right Austrian , as if written undCr the cane that enforces everything
military . ] " Deserters have to foar boing punished by God , and thoir sovereign , with ilia both temporal and eternal . God punishes deserters with sickness , wrotohodnose , and ignominy . Such ought to bo regarded as wrotohos , who fear neither God nor man . God chastisos deserters with ofernal dttmiiation . Tho pain of death Is not too severe for thorn ; siuco in thoir
The Galway Outlay. The Picture In ." Pun...
THE GALWAY OUTLAY . The picture in . " Punch" of Sir Janies Graham as the dirty boy , " is one which that hoary politician apparently delights to recal to our remembrance . For as many assertions as he knew how to cram into an after-dinner election speech , he has had to make about as many retractations and apologies . As the friend / of Italy in his old age , Sir James Graham is grimly amusing . We remember the man who was branded with the everlasting dishonour of breaking the seals of letters in their transit through the Post-office . But since the Tories are supposed to lean towards Austria now , Sir James Graham has become sentimental and poetical about Italy . There is , however , only one of the late charges made by Sir James Graham , which we think fit to refute and comment on at any length . Our readers will not fail to remember that we have been constant advocates of the Gal way Steamship Line , and of the postal subsidy finally granted to it , as a bare act of justice , by the Government ,. When , therefore , Sir James Graham declares that this has been a Government election job , we feel bound to refute it , knowing , as we do , the full facts and history of the case , and the absurdity of the flotion which ho has propounded . We may truly say that the concession was demanded by a majority of the British press , representing the morcantilo views of the country , and by the Irish nation with one acclaim , including Catholics and Protestants , and oxcopting only a portion of the inhabitants of the single rival locality of Lirnorick . No Govornmont , with tho slightest protension , to wisdom , honesty , policy , or fliirncas , could have turned a deaf ear to tho moderate requirement of the sister ielo . ' Had tho prosont Ministers done so , thoy might have boon justly accused of narrowminded jobbery , or tho stupid oontinuunco of that traditional tyranny , against which a Grattan huvlcd tho withoring scorn" of his invoctivo . Wo aro positively hot giving tho Government any credit for the grant . We aro not making c 11 for tho Torios out of a tardy act of grace and justico j but wo dony emphatically that thoy have tharoby secured any Irish votes . If thoy had , they might afford to admit it . Thoro is no jobbery in deriving a bonofit from a doed of justico—one that id would havo boon oppression to rouiso . The carrying tnulo of Ireland Is rightly her own } whether It is a
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), May 21, 1859, page 15, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_21051859/page/15/
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