On this page
- Departments (2)
-
Text (11)
-
092 THE Ii E A DE R. [No. 278, Saturday,
-
TEftEftS OF SUBSCRIPTION TO "%%€ 3l?al>c...
-
NOTICES TO) CORBBSPONDENTS. T«r»- ntttia...
-
BBKATtnci^- IA columri 3, line 12, of ou...
-
^^* Fcvespbncse is price i an Unstampki)...
-
^^ —^j frCt . ^3Mv CnwftjCiT^ ¦, '^3mIL^ a ' L^i J& 'L. *.A~r r _ ^/JP-p j ~y * fM- '' mW ^ ^mT r^ ' * j £&^O^^' ' " *^ ^^ ^' ' *? ? \Ly^' \^_J ,- - ' -? •¦•¦ » :¦ ¦—
-
SATp^i)lx, juirt ii, 1S55. , i- . . ¦ 1
-
• ¦ • • " i •:¦ ., •, ; ¦ -¦-¦a.-J' : ' ¦ j; ¦ ¦¦ '- ,;¦¦ ¦ ' ' •:' " . " , ' • -:; ¦ • - • : . '.
-
Tliexe'i8iiiottiinfifi8o xevolutibnaify,...
-
THE DESPATCHES AND THE DEBATES. Iir is s...
-
MODERN FORTIFICATION. It is quite probab...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
092 The Ii E A De R. [No. 278, Saturday,
092 THE Ii E A DE R . [ No . 278 , Saturday ,
Teftefts Of Subscription To "%%€ 3l?Al>C...
TEftEftS OF SUBSCRIPTION TO " %%€ 3 l ? al > ct . " ToraHalf-Y « ar ....- £ 0 1 S ° ' To 6 e remitted in advance . *& - Money Orders should be drawn upon the SmM ) BrlmchOfflce , and be W » de payable to Mr . Albbed EQailovax , at No . 154 , Strand .
Notices To) Corbbspondents. T«R»- Ntttia...
NOTICES TO ) CORBBSPONDENTS . T « r » - ntttiae can be taken of anonymous communications . Whatever ^ intendTdrorinsertionTnust be authenticated brthe name and address of the writer ; . not neeessarilv for publication , but as * guarantee of hi ? goodfaith ^ During the Session of Parliament it is orten _ impossible to find ; room for cbrrespopidence , even the briefest . Communications should always bo legibly written > and on one side of tliqpaperoaly . If long , ituvcreases the difnculfey of findiiiK spacerfor them : WeeaMlnotundertake . ( k ) jeturnreiecteclcoinmuttications .
Bbkattnci^- Ia Columri 3, Line 12, Of Ou...
BBKATtnci ^ - IA columri 3 , line 12 , of our War matter last ¦ week , for ' . 'The remains of £ ord En ^ lan fyave . been con _ - sigriedtothe fairiily vaiilt at Badminton , " read - will be \ consigned /* < tec- . ¦ ; : ' ' - ' . \[
^^* Fcvespbncse Is Price I An Unstampki)...
^^* Fcvespbncse is price i an Unstampki ) copy of the JLeaden , and Sixpbkcb if Stamped . ! A . Stameep ? sopy fit . , thi ^ . Journal can . be , transmitted through the , Po ? t-office to any paft of Greatj Britain as ' fr & juaiit \ y 1 as 'may be rea _ ulred ^ during fifteen days from its ^ date ; free of charge ; Twit it ia necessary ; that the paper should be folded in such a manner that the stamp be . clearly-Arjtsible , on the out-Th ^ Leader has been " ' registered" at the .. General Pqstoffice , according to t ! h ' e provisions' of the New itct ' re-Iatirig to Ne \< r 9 paper 8 , and a Stamped copy has , therefore , -the privilege of ¦ transmission throngh the post beyond the United E , ingdom on payment of the : Pioper rate of postage . , ..,. _ . ¦ , ;'; ,
^^ —^J Frct . ^3mv Cnwftjcit^ ¦, '^3mil^ A ' L^I J& 'L. *.A~R R _ ^/Jp-P J ~Y * Fm- '' Mw ^ ^Mt R^ ' * J £&^O^^' ' " *^ ^^ ^' ' *? ? \Ly^' \^_J ,- - ' -? •¦•¦ » :¦ ¦—
^ ^ mSitr .
Satp^I)Lx, Juirt Ii, 1s55. , I- . . ¦ 1
SATp ^ i ) lx , juirt ii , 1 S 55 . , i- . . ¦ 1
• ¦ • • " I •:¦ ., •, ; ¦ -¦-¦A.-J' : ' ¦ J; ¦ ¦¦ '- ,;¦¦ ¦ ' ' •:' " . " , ' • -:; ¦ • - • : . '.
• ¦ • " i jprtltr % ffair 0 . : ¦ ., , ; ¦ - ¦ - ¦ a . -J' : ' ¦ j ; ¦ ¦¦ ' -, ;¦¦ ¦ ' ' ' : ' " . " , ' -: ; ¦ - : . ' .
Tliexe'i8iiiottiinfifi8o Xevolutibnaify,...
Tliexe ' i 8 iiiottiinfifi 8 o xevolutibnaify , because there is nothing ao unnatural an 4 . co »? ml ^ ive , as . the strain to Keep tnitiga fixed when all'the -world xs by the very , law ; © if ; itscrefttiouin . eternal progress . — -Db . Axarox . p .
The Despatches And The Debates. Iir Is S...
THE DESPATCHES AND THE DEBATES . Iir is satiisfacioryy atnid the ckmd of " ambiguous and uncertain language '' in which the delates in Parliament are / involved , to know tliafc we hare a iForeign' Minister who ' Represents the sense and \ spirit of the nation . " With equal moderation and courage Iibrd Cr ^ HBIitDON , in liis * diplomatic capacity , lias resisted every approach to a futile scheni 6 of peace . His speech in ' the' House' of' Jjotds ,
dh a refceiit occasion , trad 'go Va £ ufc ' 'as to juBtifj ^ the suspieioii tliat h & a & Hvell'as soM 0 of his colleague ** ' ) had beeii infected With Auiitri & ri tendencies ' aad Was atalbss to thid & rdetsfcaohd ' any' practical objects for which the war could be p ursued . ''' Bnt the ' papers last presented to P & rlminent'clearly * j > rdve th & t he rieithfcr deceived the Austrian G overnrhbn & noi- perinltteed ill fc 6 deceive' hini . i WtViti tlte fireit he sttft ^ d '^ nd inairitaiiied tbat ^ W ^ ent
Britain and'Fran ^ ehttd ' coTnbined todispbsaeris Bnssiafroin h # '¦ fatoget & xia ' supreniacV in ih 6 Black 8 ed ; rind ' tbat' Wo * agreUction from' her engagements ' oti th & pdtt' of Austria' would induce then * . to ' forego' thifc object ' of their united policy . ' Plainer'ianguttge ' ' a statesman could not holdi It' hiust , we think , satisfy avery otae who doefc' not > 'believe with fembitterea refugees' from > tho Cdntinent and irroi ftbonsible blusterers at home , ; that- a great military power can be ignored , and trodden do \ Wi as contempt : uously as the dust of Car-3 & a £ ge , ior the' ultimatum of Nassau . In the Jfa « bm * a . . < € tibineb Austrian considerationr
must prevail as long as human actions spring from human motives . It was for Lord Cla .-bendon to guard against the sacrifice of any European interest to this special policy . This , as far as the question of peace is involved , he effectually did . Whether , as the dead-weight of German neutrality leans more heavily on the Western alliance , the occupation of the Principalities will not constitute a source of new alarm , is a distract issuewhich must be separately discussed .
, At present it is most important to observe the attitudes in which the several governments represented' at Vienna are revealed in this correspondence . So far as Austria is concerned , we see iio reason to retract any opinion we have expressed . It was not her intention , at any time , to support the Third Point . Her grounds of reserve had been carefully prepared , and were visible at the beginning . As early as the 3 rd of April knowledthat his
Count Biroi . disclosed his ge government ; contented with the solution of the First and Second Point , had up intention to press tlie Third . He asked what compromise the Allies would accept , and demonstrated to the sense of ever £ rational being that Austria would , on no existing considerations , be dragged info the war ; This bejng settled , "his next effort was to persuade the Allied Governments and theit' plenipoten 1 * tiaries , that Great Britain and France , rather than bear alone the burden of indefinite
hostilities , should relax , their demands , and surrender something for the sake of peace . With the plenipotentiaries he' succeeded ; with the governments he failed , la ' that " something " lay the point really at issue . This it was that Lord Jomsr Bus sell and Ml DjiOtrTN de IiEUYS \ vere willing- to abandon , but which the Trench and British cabi £ ets \ refused to modify .
JLord Joun Eussell , in fact , seems to have had his spirit drugged by" the artificejs of Count Btrot . In that Minister ' s apartments , a " conciliatory " atmosphere steeped in illusion the soul of the English plenipotentiary . He actually believed that tlie cunning German who sat gazing at him was sincere in his melancholy , regrets , and in his candid confidences . Like an unpractised gambler , he listened to the condolences of men who were employed in outwitting hiiji , and had it not been for the immediate
disavowal of his conclusions by Lord Cjgabejtx > on , who can tell how deeji'Hve should now bo sunk in the preliminaries of an ignominious peace ? , ^ We are the' more inclined to accept as realities the clear arid spirited expressions of our Foreign 1 Minister ; becatiso , instead of retreating from the piincrples driginally laid down , lie has embodied theni Jri a more definite form than ! we fipd ih any ! of the 6 iirlier papers . Tlie Emperor Ax ^ XAinS ' urf ' trins
iiUQbtio , iii ihi ^/ nrsfc prbclamiitTon ' , ' , declared that hia faith was '^ bled ^ ed ' to fWfil : tnejpi 6 li 6 y of his 1 imperial ahcedfcoW . ' IjOrd . ^ ktit ^ has lakes iiip the , challenge ^ and afilrihs th " at ' Vtlie preseihAvar has'tlfeeii fcndtertafcetf ' ' t 6 ' feie ' eveut ¦ hf tn fro in fuffillnlg thiit ^ poticy ; " iiV sttort , t 6 < jttofia the ] wdrdS' of ' a' recettt Mu ^ an ti * 6-fclariiatibrtj ' to p * ev ^ iti a » fa * to t ! ui * lt 6 y' id cbiicerned , tlie accompliaiimeiit of the wiaheViuid
views of Pjiteii , of Cathekinb , of ^ AtiBbtandeu , and of NioiioiiAS . " Thus , then , tho Allies have avowedly tbifee ' n irjiutans to resist , not an exceptional ¦ and" eccenfcrkj moietttfeiifc on the part of Russia , but to check ' hei * historical policy , and to ') fix along her ' whole eastern frontier a political restraint upon her expansive forbca 1 . Jn conformity with , these principles ^ tli « Britinh 'Govorhment announces that the Four Points discussed at Vienna no longer 9 $ neceeriiy conetitnte a 1 , . ' ' ' ' ' 1 1 1 1 . ¦ ¦ : . l : , '
basis of negotiation . Russia having refused one , the Allies are released from all ; the war in future will determine its own ends . Now it is , at least , something to know that to circumscribe the Russian power , to confound its plans of aggression , bequeathed from monarch to monarch since the rise of the feigning dynasty , is an object not too positive to be comprehended in the policy of a British Minister . We have had enough of vague words and airy declamations . A . second
season draws near to its' close ; a third army may soon be required ; alliances that seemed possible last year seem hopeless iri this : it ia time then , that in the despatches of our statesmen , if not in their speeches , we should find some explanation of the purposes to -which all these energies are to be applied . Lord Palmerston tells the House of Commons , in the same breath , that he agrees
with Lord Clabetndon and can justify Lord John Btjssell . Too much stress should not be laid on these forms and fictions of parliamentary courtesy ; but the recess is at hand , during which the war may be mismanaged , or the peace settled . The policy of the Cabinet , meanwhile , is set forth nowhere but in the circular-despatch of the Foreign Minister , whose sentiments have elicited the marked approval of the Legislature .
Even in this document , however , only general terms are used . To apply or explain them minutely wbuld be impossible ; it will be well if , while the contest proceeds , more legitimate definitions are offerM of these vague and distant objects . Perhajja a still more important necessity is tb arrive at some conclusion ns to the means by which our efforts are , in future ,- to T > e rendered niore successful . WTiat additional resources bail France and
England command ?; What newelement can they bring into the field P What new alliances eW they contract ? Can they invent any method " of disorganising the enormous military forces arrayed against their own ? Or is there still faith in < 3 erman tiid ? Count Habtig , iii his apology for Austria , printed last year , showed that the history of Europe since the peace of 1815 is the history of an attempt to consolidate the union of the three great monarchies—Hussia , Austria , Prussia— -
agaihst the liberalisnv of Western Europe . There were flaws in this bond ; he said , but tlie cohesive principle was still too strong to admit of a dissolution of ^ political partnership between despotisms , which can only exist by holding together . In this l <* agu , ' which survives the formal engagements of the Holy Allinnce , a secret principle withiij has more power than all external ligatures ; and even Germany , so jealous arid so divided , remains intact when opposed : as a' conservative barrier against forces and ideas that disintegrate itB thrones .
Russia l & ans on them , and' * hey on Hussia . Ap |) rieci 6 , tirtg , ' tlierefoiS ^ , tli 6 vital interest Which civilisation haft in ' putting limits to the political infrnehce- bflihe Russian Empire , we do not see hoir -rvefbrmeTS , liberticides , 'diplomatists of the old school , and ( ilie | pupilfl of Vienna , dan virtually give effect to Lwd' 'CX / ARKiNDON ' s declaration . If the
war is 'to he continued ftpir " a high purposo , England 1 in * j well ado ^ t'it j but if that high purpose ib only f ? 6 'xsheor : the nation on until some old-fftohioned diplomatic drop-scene falls and narrows tho horizon , why engage tho world in mortal conflict , whfoh rtiust cbirupt inankind if it docs not set them free ?
Modern Fortification. It Is Quite Probab...
MODERN FORTIFICATION . It is quite probable that on © of the greatosfc military results of the siege 6 t Sebaatopol will be a revolution in tho art of fortification .
-
-
Citation
-
Leader (1850-1860), July 21, 1855, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_21071855/page/8/
-