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4iftA THE X3EAJDJBB. fgTo. 500. Oct. 32,...
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BOOKS RECEIVED. JErin-go-Bragh or Irish ...
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. IIDI1, AND INDIAN PROGRESS.
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finance. A scheme so important should ha...
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INDIAN FINANCE Mk. George Camfdeli. has ...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Pacts And Scraps. " --
iafcr , John Mitbhell , now dates his letters from ^ iuas , whence he writes to defend himself f rom the *& arge of having violated his parole when a convict . 3 tte says he will not lie under that charge . He wants it probed to the bottom . The accusation of tne ^ English Government that he did so , is , in Jus estimation , an outrage which he cannot tolerate . Madame Dubois-Davenne has been entrusted TOth the execution of Beranger ' s bust in marble , & ar the sessional room ( Salle de seance ) ol the . Academy .
The death of the Hon . John William Fortescue wjcurred at Caanacha , Madeira / on the 25 th ult ., at the age of forty years . The deceased was son of -7 « he second Earl Fortescue , and was born ^ in 1819 . Sb -represented Barnstaple from 1847 until 1852 , wien he unsuccessfully contested Youghal , being fflnly defeated by the smaU majority of two . The will of tie late Mr . I . K . Brunei , C . E ., has * e en administered to by the executors ; the personal - ^ estate being sworn under 90 , 0001 . .
The writ for the election of a member for the county of Ayr , arrived on Tuesday , and the sheriff lias fixed . Wednesday the 26 th inst . for the nomination and Friday the 28 th as the polling day . Both ¦ candidates have now concluded their canvas , and it othfrom the terms of new addresses issued to the constituency are confident of success . Time only ¦ will reveal who is tobe the " coming man , " although numerous bets are bein ^ r taken that the young Conservative will be at the top of the poll on the 28 th .
The Bishop of London has conferred on the Kev . l ?* aneis Garden , M . A ., curate of St . Stephen ' s , JBochester-row , Westminster , the honourable dignity -of Sub-Dean , vacant by thedeath of the Revl Charles "Wesley , D . D . Mr . Garden is of Trinity College , Cam-Inridge , B . A . 1833 , and M . A . 1836 , and gained the Bnlsean Prize Essay in 1832 . Castje at a Discoxtst . —There are eight or ten * 2 housand labourers , ve learn from a correspondent of the Bombay Gazette , employed on the Bhore - Ghat . Those -who do the blasting business ( natives ) are thusnoticed : — " Day and night lihey work continually , without one atom of ventilation to cool * hem , or a greater movement in the air than enables .
them to breathe . They take from ten to twelve iours at a spell , punching a heavy steel bar against rock which they can scarcely penetrate at a greater xate than an inch an hour . These men found it impossible to sustain themselves oh vegetable food , and , left ot liberty by their caste , they eat and drink , as they work , very much like English navvies . From ten to twelve oxen are killed daily for their use at JKliandalla , where beef formerly was a thing unfcnown , ar id they can wash down a comfortable beefsteak-with a glass of grog without the danger of drunkenness . They are the only class of people who stick to their work all the year round , and iiave scarcely visited their villages since the tunnelinc began . "
4ifta The X3eajdjbb. Fgto. 500. Oct. 32,...
4 iftA THE X 3 EAJDJBB . fgTo . 500 . Oct . 32 , 1859 .
Books Received. Jerin-Go-Bragh Or Irish ...
BOOKS RECEIVED . JErin-go-Bragh or Irish Z / tfe Pictures , By W . H . Maxwell . In 2 vola . Richard Bentley .. Shakespeare Papers ; Pictures Grave and Gay . By Wxa . Magin . Biohard Bentley . STAe Bye Lanes and Downs of England . By Qylvanus . R . Bentley . SThe Queen qf Hearts . By Wilkie Collins . In 8 vols . . Hurst and Blnckett . / Slhe New and the Old , or California and India in Momantic Aspects , ByJ . W . Palmer , M . D . Sampson X . ow , Son , and Co . ZTwice Mound the Clock . By George Augustus Sala . Houlston and Wright . Jonathan Oldacre . By J , Crawford Wilson , Ward . and Lock .
Ofurder will out , A story of real life . Roufcledge , . Warne ^ and Co . TJieGitana . A Ballad of Spain , & o . By Ariell Thorn . W . Kent and Co . The Habits of Good Society } a Handbook ofMtiquette . \ J . Hogg and Sons , . jPsalni 8 , and Hymns . By the Rev . Edward H . Bickerstoth , M . A ., Incumbent of Clirlflt Church , Hampstead : Dean and Son , The Volunteer ' s Hand-book . Dean and Son . % fo . Principles and Practice of Harmonious Co-^ Jtpuring of Photographs , W . Kent and Co . tltiistrations to show how to work with the Mi-$ ^ 9 < $ Pe ' , By Lionel Beale , M . B ., F . R . S . John XtiapftaiioniHov ) it is related to revelation' and the « m $$ Mp » . Trttbu « r and ' Go . tmfow ' , , , ; . ' ¦ ¦ ¦^ % w , « W , ¦ ... , ¦ . j ^ JBJiRJiA . 'JVS . « PiJ ^^ f ^ ff ^ y »( w (« w . - ^ No , 8 SJ * . Longman , Green , < Mm / W )(^ . p . i . iMfli ^ mM ^ W ^ iPrpto'Worka . Parti . Dean and Son , 3 W > Historical Magazine . Wo . IX Trttbncr and Co .
. Iidi1, And Indian Progress.
. IIDI 1 , AND INDIAN PROGRESS .
Finance. A Scheme So Important Should Ha...
finance . A scheme so important should have been thoroughly considered in all its 'bearings and details , before it should have been permitted to see daylight , and every just provision should have been made to secure for it a fair aspect , as vr &\ l as a probability of fair working . Instead of this , on the 13 th August , Mr . Harrington , who represents the official views of Government House , laid before the Legislative Council a crude scheme for taxing trades and professions , and exonerating the highly-paid Governor-General , the members Of the Council—whose £ 10 , 000 a ^ year would bear
THE STATE OF INBIA . Before we have done with the European mutiny , got up by Lord Canning ' s monstrous refusal'to recognise the legal position , and rights of the soldiers , we have another specimen of his lordships aptitude at earning a fortune of jE 25 , 0 OO ayear "by doing dis-service to the state . ^ His last proceeding is to set the whole country in flames by . bungling with an Income Tax or Trade License , which if judiciously , arranged , would have done much to restore the shattered credit of Indian
a little clipping without detriment , —^ and all other officials . Landholders and fundholders were also to be exempted . Professional men and traders were to be divided into eleven divisions and charged from 2 rupees per annum up to 2 , 000 rupees . The calculation of the proceeds of this plan showed that it could only provide for a portion of the deficiency , and no explanation was given how the balance was to be raised . The scheme met with general condemnation , and on . the 25 th of August Mr . Harrington came down with what he called ah
amended bill , in which those occupying the first of his eleven divisions were to pay 5 , 000 rupees , instead of 2 , 000 rupees as first proposed , and the civil servants were to pay 3 per cent , on tleir incomes . In reply to questions . and opposition , Mr : Harrington declared that the Government could give no information as to the amount of its probable requirements , that it had no financial scheme , and could not say by w other measures this Income Tax Bill would be followed . He further explained that the Government dare not adopt a general income tax , nor a house tax , nor
a further tax on Jand , nor any tax on the proceeds of government securities . After nuich discussion the Council passed the second reading of the , hill , with clauses to include staff military salaries above 100 rs . a month , and then adjourned for two months . When the mail left , the Sheriff of Calcutta had * in compliance with a requisition signed by men of all parties , called a public meeting to consider *• the project of taxation now before the Legislative Council for taxing trades and professions , and in connexion therewith , the corfduct , constitution , and order of proceeding of the said Council . " We learn also from the newspapers ,
was not saddled upon them from any idea of h fitness for his work ; but in the hope of sinoot * times , and in order that he might make a fortune * of which he was known to be in need ; and his reign has been characterised by a Beiiesof blunders that would have long since led to the recall of any one not belonging to the privileged caste . The paper on Indian trade , recently read by Mr . Mackenzie before the British Asspciation in Aberdeen , and which has justbeen published , contains ample matter to convince everybody that with decent government , India would soon get rid of her financial difficulties , and enter upon a career of prosperity that would enable her to
meet all the demands of a just and necessary expenditure .. From a valuable series of tables appended to this paper , we see that between 1833 and 1858 the exports from British India increased 120 per cent ., while the imports of merchandise ( excluding treasure ) increased 225 per cent . . After pointing out the exports of merchandise from British India in 1858 , amounting to . £ 27 , 453 , 692 , of which . £ 9 , 106 , 635 was opium , none of which was entered for British consumption , Mr . Mackenzie remarks , " It is remarkable that a drug , which we only use in minute quantities , should represent more than a third of the whole value of Indian exports , and be equal in , value to nine-tenths of all the manufactures and
produce we receive from her . ' In another place he mentions coffee , tea ,, dyes , other than indigo , and oils , grains , oil seeds and fibres , all of which-India could produce to an indefinite extent , and which we could consume in any quantities , but as yet only obtain in small proportions . On the authority of Major JDrury he tells us that 674 plants of a valuable description are grown in India , but although many are capable of entering largely into commercial transactions the greater part are unknown to European trade .. Mr . Mackenzie strongly urges attention to develope these sources of wealth , and points out as one great
obstacle in Bengal— -the uncertainty of land tenures . To cure this evil , and pay off a great part of the Indian Debt , he recommends permitting and encouraging the Zemindars to redeem the land tax on their estates , which he apprehends most of them would do , by selling portions sufficient to provide the requisite funds . As the matter now stands no one can have a good title to zemindary lands unless he holds the entire estate , because the first non-payment of a quarter ' land tax by the zemindar , or his agent , exposes the whole estate to sale , which extinguishes all titles the zemindar may have granted . The want of banking facilities in In dia is also a great" hindrance to trade . It appears from Mr . great" hindrance to trade , it appears irom jjxt . Mackenzie that the onlthree banks of
' s paper , y importance , and in which the Government holds shares , have an aggregate cap ital of less than two millions ; and the result of this small supply of banking power is that " nearly all payments have to be made in the bulky form of silver ; and it is estimated the Government now employ 30 , 000 troops in their treasure escorts , at a cost of some three per cent , on their revenue , while m proportion to their transactions , private ^ parties have'to pay for a similar costly process . " Every nerve ought to be strained to develope this Indian trade as fast as possible 5 and , in addition to judicious , taxation and legislation on the spot , the Home Government should adopt systematic measures to acquaint the mercantile and manufacturing world with the numberless neglected but important articles which India yields .
that a general determination existed to resist the measure , not from unwillingness to submit to a just'income tax , but from a dislike to the partial operation of the Government scheme , and the want of any suitable machinery for carrying it o , ut . The malcontents complain of the exemption of the zemindars and fundholders , as they assert that Lord Comwallis ' s Permanent Settlement -was never intended to exempt the former from evfcry other mode of taxation , except the annual rent or tax upon their landa , and they see no reason y hy the latter should be allowed to escape their just share , of the public burdens .
Indian taxation is , no doubt , a matter of great difficulty , and will put to the test any hitherto undiscovered faculty of statesmanship that Mr . Joiaoe Wilson may , possess ; but it is not creditable that a number of gentlemen with . 610 , 000 . a * year each , and presided over by a nobleman hired at nearly three times the amount , should be found totally unequal to the business for which they are so highly paid . In Calcutta Lord Conning is assented to do the chief cause of this disgrace , and mercantile-letters urge upon their correspondents in London , to exert every effort to , procure his rec ^ l , before . Jua incompetence brings about some new disaster of conspicuous magnitude . [ Europeans and natives know perfectly 'well that his lordship
Indian Finance Mk. George Camfdeli. Has ...
INDIAN FINANCE Mk . George Camfdeli . has recorded , \ n aS" * al pamphlet of sixty pages , his conclusions on Indian finance , and acknowledges that after tlio war expenditure has passed , and after overy soldier we con , spare has been sent home , we ehaU still navo a permanent annual deficit of eight millions storllng . The permanent military expenditiiro , even on tne scale suggested by the Commission , will exceed xue old ratio by four millions . The debt is inoreaseaby two more , and at least two will be required to » eei the old deflolt of j 690 O , O 0 O and some indispensable public works . Even this estimate is infinitely below the truth , for it ia based on'the idea that the native army will be 190 . 000 men . Mr . Cartipboll , alter a careful examination of the records published by tuo Commission , proves that it already exceeds » ou , uiw men , that w have at thia . moment an * nx » y » *» v ™~ pean and Native , of 482 , 111 men . W « will however , take the figure at only eight millions , and cvo »
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 22, 1859, page 10, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_22101859/page/10/
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