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I214 . T H f^ kE APE R, ,>-;%,, r [No. 3...
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fSE_ VAR. Anotjehsk victory of the Turks...
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WAR MISCELLANEA. Tins Heat-th ojc tub An...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Ttilplomacy Is In Full Enjoyment Of Its ...
Nichola y has been elected as provisional chairman—the election of permanent chairman was deferred to another meeting . The conditions of the election laid down by the members are , that the chairman shall ha $$ npdfttQre ttyti &? jB % f 5 Q 0 a year , that he shaH * g # S t ! ifSi 5 tune td Ms < ftt * ies , and that the election shall $ p $ » e by ballot :, fcttt by open voting . The last poi $ 6 j has been noticed as showing the public feeling against ballot voting ; hut , it must he jememberfrtfc that the Council of Forty are exeiSejjirng a" t ^ ust , not enjoying a suffrage of their own .
War also—social war—is going on in our Assize Courts , and in that society which gives materials for our Assize Courts . The law annals of the week are a bitter satire . In these economical days , Davidson and Gordon , well-connected speculators , whose dabblings in spelter and spoliation are well known , have got off upon a technicality , frustrating the jurisdiction of the court . There are , however , other proceedings to be taken against them . The ease helps , with scores of others , to show how feeble are the mechanical aids to the credit of speculators , and the security of
commerce . The case of Mrs . Woolek has heen followed np by another poisoning case at Tewkesbury , not quite so startling as the intrusion of crime into a household , but more ghastly in its extent-. Mr . Cook is . a man apparently with more money than purpose ; he hangs about at race-courses , taking a despsrate interest in the success of his own horse ; he has money ia his purse ; he is
hail , fellow , well met with all and sundry , near him . Sharing his bets as well as his society , is / Mr . Palmer , who prescribes for his ailments , and whom he accuses of drugging him . Cook is ill , three medical men prescribe , one administers the medicines , and he dies with no trace of one drug that Was prescribed , but with every sign that he is killed with strychnine—one of the most deadly , sudden , and elusive of poisons . He falls ,, another victim to the prevalent fashion of
poisoning . Heai / th op London . —The effect of the cold weather recently experienced is now written very legibly in the mortuary registers . ¦ The deaths registered in London , which in the previous week were 1 , 099 , rose last week to 1 , 271 ; and it raay be stated that the rate of mortality l'epresented by this number of deaths is at least equal to the average for this advanced period of the year . Since the second week of November , when the deaths were below 1 , 000 , and the mean temperature was 41 deg ., the i-eturns exhibit an increase of 300 deaths , and the weekly temperature Las declined to 32 ' 7 deg . There were registered last
week 627 males and 644 females . Of these , without distinction of sex , 574 died under 20 years of age , 182 at 20 years and under 40 , 241 were from 40 to 60 years of age , 202 60 years old and less than 80 ; and , instead of 33 octogenarians who died in the previous week , 60 died last week . A woman died in the Greenwich workhouse at the great age of 101 . Last week , the births of 781 boys apd 791 gii'ls , in all 1 , 672 childron , wore registered in London . In the ten corresj ^ ouding weeks of the years 1845-54 , the average number was 1 , 440 . Tho lowest temperature
of the week occurred on Thursday , when the thermometer fell to 21 ' 8 deg . The highest temperature in tho week occurred on Saturday , and was 48 deg . The mean temperature of tho water of tho Thames was 37 * 2 deg . The water was coldest on the day on which the air was warmest . Tho wind , which nt tho first was in tho north , blew afterwards from the south-west till tho end of tho week , when it turned to north-west . Tho air was quiot . Snow foil on Monday ; Borne vain and nloet on Friday . —From tlic Registrar-( fencral ' a Weekly Return .
Tim Frost has again sot in with great severity , and elating , haa recommenced in tho parks . Several persons havo fallen in , but no doathti have ocourrod . Tins City Buuiai , Groxjnd . —A latter from Archdeacon Hulo was road before tho City Commission of Sewers , on Tuesday , stating the willingness of that reverend gentleman that tno now burial ground at Ilford for tho city of London should be consecrated
• without delay . A letter wns also read from Mr . MasBey , secretary to Sir George Groy , to tho effect that aa order in council of tho 13 th of September , 1864 , had authorinod the keeping open of St . Andrew ' s burial ground ( the hideous condition of which has reoantly attracted attention ) until the new cemetery nhould be ready . Mr . Mousey oxiiressoa surprise at thp delay in ' finishing that oometovy j and it would Keem that' his letter ( which boars date some days previousl y to that of Archdeacon Hale ) has had some influence in determining tko course now taken by tho I & ujpplfc dignitary .
I214 . T H F^ Ke Ape R, ,>-;%,, R [No. 3...
I 214 . T H f ^ kE APE R , , > - ; % ,, r [ No . 300 , Saturday , : , ¦ , ¦¦ ' ' " " " " ——— Jl— 131 ^ ' -I - — ' —~—•
Fse_ Var. Anotjehsk Victory Of The Turks...
fSE _ VAR . Anotjehsk victory of the Turks ovep-fthe Ilussjan *; J 8 reported , but sot confirmedr , T & e result of the action is said to have been the takiog possession by Omar Pacha of the fortified town of Kboni , behind the river Zskeni-Kbal , about five leagues from Kutais . Twelye thousand furs were found in this place . Omar pushed . ^ ori , and arrived before Kutais , which he prepared to attack . General Mouravieff is said to have despatched a portion of his army against Omar ; but , if so , it is not to be doubted that theTurkish Generalissimo will " give a good account" of his enemy . The Auxiliary Division , which left Erzeroum for Kars , has not been able to advance .
Of the fall of Kars there now remains little doubt . The Ottoman Generals had previously offered to surrender the place , if permitted to retreat to Erzeroum ; but those terms were refused by General Mouravieff . On the 10 th of November , the garrison made a sortie , but were repulsed ; and on the 28 th of the same month the place surrendered . The desperate condition of the town for want of food was made manifest early in Noyember by the Turks voluntarily surrendering sixteen Russian prisoners , obviously because they would diminish the stock of provisions . The writer of a letter from St . Petersburg , who relates this story ,
praises " the happy audacity" of General Susslow's advance upon the Drouen Dagh , which so " imposed" upon Veli Pacha , that he abandoned all hope of relieving the garrison . He adds that it would have been easy to have advanced to the rescue of Kars after the victoi'y of the 29 th of September ; but the attempt was deferred until Mouravieff had bad time to recruit his army . Galignani states that the park of artillery at Kars when it surrendered numbered 120 field-pieces , and a few heavy siege guns . The garrison is believed
to have been about 16 , 000 strong . The defiles between Kars and Erzerourn ore'held by the Russians , in whose hands General Williams and all the Turkish Pachas , as well as the whole of the garrison , are prisoners of war . The Invalid & Russe publishes a report of a " sanguinary action" which took place on the 6 th of November , between a Russian corps under General Koucherinko and a body of mountaineers of the tribe of the Tchetchen . The Russians seemed to have commenced the movement , and , as far as can be gathered from the telegraphic report , to have been worsted .
Ice and snow are now diffused pretty generally over all the various theatres of the war . In the north , the crystal barriers are built up for the next five or six months ; snow covers the wide tableland of Armenia ; and frost has seized the Crimea in its grip . A hurricane , also , has swept over the Allied camp ; several tents have been blown away ; and the Tchernaya has overflowed . No casualties have occurred on the coast . It is rumoured that important movements of troops in the Crimea are about to be made . Three thousand troops of the Egyptian Contingent have embarked for Asia . Peace is still to be talked of , but remains as
uncertain as ever ; and Sweden , to a certain extent , and in a negative way , has come into the Alliance . The Czar , however , stands firm . His main force at Odessa , it is reported , will be removed to Nicholaieff ; and a concentration of forces on all the strong positions of the Black Sea and the Baltic will take place . An order of the Superior Council of Administration at Warsaw enjoins all the inhabitants of the kingdom to offer gifts to the defenders of Sebastopol ; for the Poles require to be coerced into gratitude towards the paternal government . Rumour states that , after a lingering illness , Paskiewitch is dead ; but Rumour has killed many other persons in connection witli tho war who have since turned up , alive .
Such is the brief sum total of the wav news of tho week ; and it would almost seem as if , for the Christman season , we were to have a temporary pause in hostilities , that we might indulge in dreams of peace .
CLOSE QW " TUK SHABON" IN THE 6 KA OB' AZOF . The following report haa boon addressed by Captain Shemvd Osbora to Sir Edmund Lyons : — "Sir , —Being now , in aooordanco with , your inotructicmH , on my road to x-ojoin your flag , I have tho honour to report tho oloao of operations in tho Sea of Azof and the proceeding of tho squadron in that soa subsequent to my last letter dated off Ghoitjk , 7 th o f Novomber , 1855 . On tho 7 fch I received your instructions , with notices relative to neutrals quitting
th © Sea of Azpff on the 20 th of November , 1855 . The weather became most severe , and I could only succeed in serving the notices upon the authorities on shore at Maripupol . But on the 8 th of November the shipping : anchored off Marioupol were duly warned , and on the 9 th , those off Taganrog likewise . A gale of extreme violence from the eastward blew continually from that date until the 18 th . of November . I then , immediately served a notice upon the neutral shipping in Bferdiansk . There , from M . Gopcevitch , as well as previously at Taganrog and Marioupol , we learnt that the Russian authorities had kept the neutrals in quarantine ever since their arrival , and that the likelihood of cargoes being
procured was almost at an end . A Russian officer afc Marioupol laughed at the idea of the neutrals believing they would get wheat this year , and told Commander Kennedy , whom I sent in there with a flag of truce , that the neutrals must stay the winter-Under these circumstances , looking to your wishes and instructions upon the subject , it became a cause of great anxiety for zne lest , by the sudden commencement of winter , or intentionally , the neutral vessels should fail to quit the sea on the 20 th of November . I therefore , as the ice had begun to make and the temperature to fall rapidly , after the 13 th despatched all the squadron to Kertch , except the Ardent , Snake , and Clinker , and with them proceeded
up the Gulf of Azof . We arrived off Marioupol on the 19 th , and found all neutrals had . sailed for Kertch , and on the 20 th I sighted Taganrog and found the roads empty , all the vessels that were there having likewise left . The ice already extended on either hand some miles from , the shore , the Don appeared to be frozen , and every indication of wiater . having set in in that neighbourhood was apparent . At Marioupol , the river or harbour was frozen , and much ice lined the coast as far down as Bielosarai lighthouse , the temperature at mid-day as low as 29 ° Fahrenheit . From thence I separated the squadron so as to examine the whole coast from Yenitchi to Yeni-KLaleh lighthouse most minutely , and not a single boat of the smallest desciiption was to be seen . '
THE MUD IN THE CRIMEA . We are all ankle-deep in mud . No , that would be nothing . It would be no great matter of complaint or grievance if we had to deal with tho ordinary material , so familiar to all Londoners after a few wet days , before the scavengers remove the formidable soft parapets which line the kerbstones . That can be scraped off , cleaned , rubbed away , or washed out : This nothing but long and persevering efforts , continually i * enewed , and combining all the former operations , can remove . It sticks in pasty clods to the shoes , and will insist on being brought into clean huts and tents to visit your friends . It has a great affection for straws , with which it succeeds in working
itself up into a kind , of gigantic brick , somewhat underdone , in which condition it threatens to build your legs into the ground if you stand long enough in one place to give it a chance ; and it mightily affects horseshoes also ; and sucks them off with a loud smack of relish in those little ravines between rocky hill sides in which it exercises the greatest influence . Literally and truly , it is like glue halfboiled , and spread over the face of the earth for the depth of several feet . It is no joke for a soldier , to see his sleeping-place , in hut or tent , covered with this nasty slime ; but they cannot be kept clean .
One step outside and you are done for . Tho mud is lying in wait for you , and you just carry lack -as much on your feet as if you walkod a mile . Carts stick immovably in tho ground , or the wheels and axles fly into pieces from the strain of the horses and mules , which have led a wretched existence indeed ever since this weather begau . Tho now huts are much complained of , and it is said they are frail , illmade , full of ckiuks ^ ttnd knots , which drop out , and leave inimical little embrasures for tho wind to shoot through . During n moderately Btroug breeze of wind , a short tiuio ago , tho roof of one of the huts blew off . . . . Thoro is an uiiehartorcd corporation m
the town of Kadikoi , with a mayor and aldermen , towu councillors , and a vigorous administrative ^ stall that would astonish the elder brotltron about Guildhall . Thoy havo a machinery of scavengers and Bowor-men , and thoy pay about £ 120 a-montli for keeping their city in order . This w"oathor , liowever , does not coutributo to their comfort , and diminishes thoir profits , nnd tho condition of tho roads makes their olmriofc-whoolH drive heavily . As to those road " , on which so much depends , it in not possible *" express un opinion yet ; but u portion of tho section bolow tho Col ia in a very bad state , as I can »» jto » t , and I urn told that tho portion in question in just tl >« very part where tho military engineers interfered wit " tho civil enirinoor . —Times Correspondent .
War Miscellanea. Tins Heat-Th Ojc Tub An...
WAR MISCELLANEA . Tins Heat-th ojc tub Anwy .-Dr . Hall , in « ropoii to Qeuoral Codringfcon , dafcod December 4 tli , « vy » •' " The woatkor has boon boisterous , wot , colu , an ohangoiiblo , which , has occasioned uu iucmwc
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 22, 1855, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_22121855/page/2/
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