On this page
-
Text (4)
-
858 THE LEADEB, [No, 487. , July 23-, 16...
-
NAVAL AND MILITARY
-
VOLUNTEER COUPS. A j\n$ET«tfG was held o...
-
LAW, POLICE AND CASUALTIES At tho Winche...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
The Country, Which Were Already In A Sta...
been devised to render unnecessary the harsh and burdensome proceeding of exacting the whole additional ambunt of impost in the first half year . The income tax supplied a ready and magnificent source of revenue , and ought therefore to be used upon occasions of emergency , and managed -with careful discretion . He believed , in spite of all the difficulties and objections , that revenue could be raised from direct taxation by means far less noxious and unjust than the existing system of income and property tax . The right hon . gentleman then adverted to general questions of finance . No country , he maintained , could continue to raise 70 millions a Tear us England " was now doing by taxation in time of the
of peace . A more economical management public resources was therefore essential , and after reviewing the chief heads of expenditure , he arrived at the conclusion that reduction could be only effected to any extent in the outlay upon the army and navy , and to render such reduction safe the Government must diligently prosecute a policy of peace and neutrality . As the most immediately essential element in that policy , he enjoined a strict abstinence from any interference with the discussions which it was understood were about to open at some congress of European states . The moment that England took part in a congress she ceased to be neutral , and he warned her Majesty ' s ministers not to allow themselves to be entrapped into such a false position . Deprecating the attacks made on tlie Emperor of the French on account of
the peace he had just concluded , he expressed his hope that the peace would be permanent , and enjoined on the Government the duty of co-operating in every step calculated to make it so . For this purpose they should cultivate a good understanding with the Emperor Napoleon , arid testify their reliance on his good faith , by diminishing 1 those vast armaments -which at once testified their suspicions and exhausted the resources of tlie country : —The Cbcanceilok of the Exchequer limited his reply to the financial questions raised by Mr . Disraeli . The objection Mr . Disraeli had urged to the proposed mode of levying the additional income-tax involved , in fact , the whole question of borrowing or not borrowing ; The House of Commons was as much entitled to tax six months' profits as those of twelve months . The effect of the " modification " would
be to ' . throw , half the additional tax on the year 1860-61 , making it part of the ways and means not of the current year , but of the next . He der murred to the doctrine of Mr , Disraeli ,, that the growth of the civil expenditure was legitimate and normal ; -and , as to our naval and military estimates , he had supposed that there was nothing to be done but to adopt the measures of the late Government , and all the difficulties . of the income-tax would be cleared away at once . He had been rather hard upon the present Government in assuming the perfect -wisdom of their predecessors in respect to foreign affairs . He ( Mr . Gladstone ) thought it would have been more convenient to have chosen
another opportunity for discussing these topics . Mr . Disraeli had endeavoured to impress upon the present Government tlie ^ duty of preserving the alliance between England and France—which had become almost the law of our foreign policy—and he snid " Require the diminution of armaments . " Ho ( Mr . Gladstone ) expressed his opinion that the . moment the state of Europe allowed it would be the duty of the English Government to use every effort in % \\ at sense . But why ¦ should Mr . Disraeli , ho asked , denounce nil congresses ? Three months ago Lord Malmesbury was despatching telegrams for the purpose of bringing about a congi'ess . Ho ( Mr . GJadstono ) was not to subscribe to all
attacks made through the press and in Parliament against the Government of France , and declared that if these libels were persevered in , no minister could preventthe outbreak of war withFrance . War haibeconae , almost a mechanical art , and must before long break down under the mere weight of its cost and destructiveness . The time would come when nations must entertain projects of general disarmament , and he trusted that England would have the honour 6 f initiating that wise and humane
proposition . An opportunity to accomplish this beneficent work now lay in the hands of the ministry , and he exhorted them not to let it pass unimproved . —Lord J . Eussell concurred in regretting and censuring the attempts so incessantly made to excite a jealousy of the intentions and animosity against the Government of the Emperor of the French among the people of England . He believed that the invasion panic was to a great extent baseless , and that the sovereign of France was honestly anxious to maintain the cordial relations -which had hitherto
existed with this country . Respecting the magnitude of our armaments , however , he observed that , without either feeling apprehension or intending menace , it was necessary to preserve our establishments in a state which corresponded with the progress of scien ^ tific discovery , and was adapted to the growing wealth and importance of the British empire . — Lord Palmers-ton corrected a mistake which he remarked had Ibeen . more than once rhade by members of the late Government . He had never expressed approval of their foreign policy ; he had merely given them due credit for good intentions in their endeavour to prevent the war . Mr . DisraelChe observed , now insisted that England should hold herself aloof from any congress of European powers ; but only a few months since Lord Mai mesbury was himself employing his utmost efforts to obtain a
congress in which this country would have been a participator . Whether England would take part in the congress now about to meet was still a matter for consideration . Finding every reason to rely tipon the good faith , of the Emperor Napoleon , he nevertheless contended that it was necessary to keep - ourselyes in a state of defence . It was not consistent with the dignity of the country , nor fair to foreign Governments , to trust merely to their forbearance for the safety of shores which invited attack by their undefended weakness . — % r . Fitzgerald , Sir H . Verney , Mr . Whitkside , Colonel Sykes , Mr . Lea-tiiam , and Mr . Horsfall , having briefly spoken , the House went into committee of ways and mean ' s , and the formal resolutions , preliminary to the intror duction of bills , to carry out the financial scheme of the Chancellor of the Exchequer , were moved by the right hon . gentleman ;
Sir H . WirxoxTGHBY proposed as an amendment that the addition to the income-tax should be 3 d . instead of 4 d . in the pound on incomes exceeding 1501 . per annum . The . amendment was ultimately negatived . Another amendment , to the effect that the additional duty charged on the terminable annuities which expire next January should , be proportionably reduced from 4 d . to £ d . in the pound , ¦ was afterwards proposed by Sir . H , "WiLLoucmBY , but negatived without a division . —Mr . Disraeli then moved an amendment distributing over four quarters the payments to the new income tax which
Mr . Gladstone had proposed to levy in a lump upon the October assessment . — 'The Chancellor of the Exchequer energetically pleaded the pressure of public exigencies which , he said , inexorably required the prompt payment of this additional revenue . — 'The amendment , nfter further debate , was withdrawn , and the resolution was ultimately agreed to as originally proposed . —The House then resumed , and disposed of the remaining business on the paper , tlie chief incident in the proceedings being the withdrawal for the present session of the Catholic Relief Act Amendment Bill . The House adjourned at 2 o ' clock .
prepared Mr . Djsrnclvs opinions as to the peace ; he would rather reserve his judgment than pledge himself , in the present state of Europe , by giving a distinct approbation , of its terms . He agreed that we , should do our best to make it permanent by caution and moderation in word and deed . — -Mr . Bright congratulated Mr . Disraeli on having become a convert to his and Mr . Cobdbn ' s foreign policy . The Budget had , he observed , received general acceptance , but id was chiefly satisfactory to his mind as being altogether provisional . ISTexfi year a general and comprehensive rovisal of the whole revenue system of the country would be indispensable , and among tho changes then
to be accomplished was the remodelling of the income tnxf which , in its present condition , was the most hateful of all imposts , because it was the most unjust . The mere amount of taxation , © von if it xoach , nnd it might roach , 100 millions a year , was of inferior consequence , compared with the just apportionment of the burthen among tho various classes of the community . In this view ; , ho touched upon the probate duty , the succession duty , m & other items of revenue , respecting which he should hare , ho eald , propositions to lay before the ttoxwo when the subject came up for discussion in another session . Regarding economy as intimately dependent upon peace , ho denounced tho virulent
858 The Leadeb, [No, 487. , July 23-, 16...
858 THE LEADEB , [ No , 487 . , July 23-, 165 &
Naval And Military
continued . Brest is not precisely the best place at which to obtain correct information on these subjects . A correspondent of the Daily News asserts that forty years ago a trial of iron-plated floating batteries was made under the superintendence of General MUler , a distinguished engineer , and that they were then proved to be totally inefficient . He finds fault also with the great steam ram , and says : " Her weight , when in working order , Avill be 9 , 000 tons ; she is to be propelled by a steam engine or
engines of 1 , 250 horse power , at the rate of sixteen miles an hour ; and , so moving , she is to be employed to run down ships of the line , or even the great Leviathan now being completed in the Thames , and —to do so without injury to herself . Now , whatever may be the effect of such concussions on the body of the ram , ' what must be the effect of such concussions on the niachiriery which gives the motionthe steam engine or engines of 1 , 250 horse power ? I fear they would be rendered useless , and the steam ram become a log on the ocean . "
" Heart of Oak , " in the Times , points out the ease with which a French force could advance upon London in tlie face of the 30 , 000 men which would be the utmost force we could bring against them . He demands fortifications for London and "Woolwich . The necessity for a greater development of the bayonet exercise is allowed by some old officers who are writing on the sword-bayonet question . The sword , they show , is an admirable adjunct to the carbine of a sharp-shooter , but troops of the line are best supplied with the deadly bayonet attached to the rifle musket .
The French are as busy as the Russians in the East . The commission of French officers sent from France to instruct the Persian army is directed by M . Rediare . The science of artillery is explained by MM . Roze and Nicolas engineering by M . Meseque ; and infantry manoeuvres by M . Dergousset . The Shah is said to be delighted at the great progress made by the Persian troops under their French instructors . . The declaration of peace appears to have had the singular effect of renewing the warlike preparations of our neighbours with great despatch and the
Pays journal informs us , that great activity reigns in the arsenals , especially in those connected with the navy . ; that several large vessels are being commenced , and that it is in contemplation to construct a new mortar , after a model supplied by the Emperor , which , is expected to surpass immeasurably those used at Sebastopol ; no wall or other obstacle will , it is added , be able to resist its power . Another paragraph in the same paper says that similar activity reigns in the Eussian naval yards , where the Grand Duke Constantino ' s genius presides in all its force . Are these reports facts or threats P
Tlie following is a return of the total strength of the army in 1858—viz ., cavalry , JL 7 , 819 ( including 7 . 972 in India ) ; infantry , 150 , 569 ( including 74 , 731 in India and 32 , 833 in the colonies ) ; the horse artillery , 2 , 578 ; the foot artillery , 20 , 598 ( 4 , 84 S in India ) ; the engineers , 4 , 176 ; the enrolled pensioners , 15 , 415 : the embodied militia , 21 , 773 ; and volunteers , 15 , 122 . The total amount voted for the army , ordnance , and commissariat services in 1858 , wns 11 , 577 , 755 / ., against 12 , 493 , 235 / . in 1857 .
NAVAL AND MILITARY . There are now lying in ordinary in the Royal navy about 120 vessels , exclusive of mortar vessels and floats ; 17 of those are to be converted into screw ships , and the conversion of seven is under consideration . There is also a list of 67 receiving ships , coaling hulks , & c . Four ships liave been broken up or sola since January , 1830 , without having been commissioned , -Lord John Russell's statement as to the nonexistence of extraordinary preparations for fitting out the Brest and Cherbourg fleets is in diroofc contradiction to what is stated in the local papers , and to the instructions received u-ojra . the Minister of Marino . It is asaertod that greater activity has been displayed since the declaration of peace' at Toulon in preparing and fitting out ships to join the Ocean and Channel squadrons than there was during the war . The orders to build additional steam transports to carry 40 , 000 men have not been rescinded , nor the construction of new gunboats dis-
Volunteer Coups. A J\N$Et«Tfg Was Held O...
VOLUNTEER COUPS . A j \ n $ ET « tfG was held on Thursday , in the Guildhall , at which 2 , 0 QO citizens were present ; the Lord Mayor took tho chair : Resolutions were passed in favour of the formation of a corps , to be called tho London Rifle Brigade , which we hope to sec numbering its thousands . Alderman Carter is to be Colonel , and Captain Hicks Lieutenant-Colonel $ and a subscription was opened for defraying expenses . An elaborate code of instructions has been issued by tho Secretary at AVar , in a circular to the different bodies of volunteer riflemen throughout tho kingdom . In the provinces volunteering is going on with spirit , ana in somo places tho companies have already attained profloioney in drill .
Law, Police And Casualties At Tho Winche...
LAW , POLICE AND CASUALTIES At tho Winchester Assizes , Henry Benjamin Haynes ' a private in the Oth Foot , was convicted of tho wilful murder of Mary M'Gowai \ by cutting her throat , under shocking circumstances . Tho learned judge ( Baron I 3 rarnwoll ^ when the jury returnod a vordiot of guilty , said it was tho only verdict they could give , ana then putting on the black cap , passed sentence of death upon him , adding that ho could not . hold out tho least liopo of mercy . Tho prisohor hoard his doom unmoved . Jolul Bardoo , tho unfortunate black man who was enslaved in so remarkable a man nor , and whoso recont trial at the Old Bailey excited such general interest in his behalf , baa committed suicide , There can be no doubt that tho poor foUow ' s
-
-
Citation
-
Leader (1850-1860), July 23, 1859, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_23071859/page/6/
-