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^Decemb er 27, 1856.] THE LEADER 19oQ ~ ...
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OUR CIYILIZATIOF.
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THE CONDEMNED ITALIAN SEAMEN. Sir George...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Continental Notes. France. M. De Conoy ,...
this was done , the body was turned off the ladder , and the executioner moun ted on the man's shoulders , worked up and down as if on horseback , and beat the head from side to side with his fists , -whilst he looked around upon the officials as though seeking for approbation . This disgusting scene naturally produced a great impression on the crowd , some of whom fainted . Ab far as I can learn , not merely the crowd , hut the soldiers , observed a proper and a serious demeanour on the occasion , and a general sympathy was felt with the sufferer . ' What courage ! what piety ! ' the people exclaimed : 'Poveriuo ! fellow ! ' Such the
poor was sentiment , and such were the words that were uttered . " But while the people applaud the would-be assassin , who struck for liberty , crowned leads sympathize with the tyrant on his escape . " Our Queen , " says the Morning Star , "has followed the example of the Emperor of the French , and a mark of sympathy on her part has been transmitted to the King of Naples on account of the late attempt . So at least we are informed by Continental organs . An address of congratulation has also been sent in by the English residents of Naples to the King . Thus , a sovereign whom our Government and a portion of the English public think fit to menace , still commands their sympathy when his life is attempted . "
RUSSIA . . ¦ : "" ¦ . -. The Austrian Gazette , in referring to the capture of the eighteen small vessels by the Russians on the coasts of Circassia , declares that Russia is in the right , and then goes on to remark : — " It would be erroneous to see in these facts the gerni of a new quarrel between Russia and Turkey , as they can be satisfactorily explained . Soukhouni Kale is a Russian town , which a band of mountaineers and Turkish deserters had
occupied ; and naturally , after the war , Russia was desirous of retaking possession , of it . The Turkish Government cannot feel offended at this event , as it quite recently refused to listen to the deputations of Circassians who have on several occasions solicited the co-operation of the Porto . The capture of the Turkish merchant vessels is connected with the measures which Russia takes to re-establish her sovereignty in the Caucasus . Diplomacy has nothing to say to this ' affair , ' , which belongs entirely to the consular agents . "
There is talk of an approaching visit of the Grand Duke Constantihe to Paris , on his return from Nice , to which place he is to conduct his wife on a visit to the Empress Mother . A Polish correspondent ofthe A tigshttvg Gazette writes that the Russians have long been preparing for the outbreak of war between England and Persia . The garrison of Astrakhan lias been strengthened , and the Cossacks in the neighbourhood of that city have received a new commander in the person of Lieutenant-General Krassnik ; hot the reports relative to- the concentration of troops , which arc to be conveyed by the flotilla of the Caspian Sea to Astrabad , " are totally unfounded . "
DEMMARK . The commissioners of the different Governments which have concerned themselves with the Sound Dues question ( says a letter from Berlin in he Nord " ) , are to meet at Copenhagen very speedily , and conclude the negotiations upon it by drawing up a convention for the redemption of the Sound Dues ; and the convention , in all probability , will be finally ratified before the navigation ia opened in the spring . The commissioner on behalf of Russia , M . Tcgobordki , has just left Herlin on his way to attend this conference . —With regard to the transit dues levied by Denmark upon the traffic between Hamburg and Lubeck , tbe same correspondent says he is informed that the Danish Cabinet is disposed to reduce these dues by one half .
BELGIUM " . The discussion in the Belgian Chamber of Representatives on the bill relative to exportation and importation of articles of food has terminated by a sort of compromise , the Government proposing to maintain in force until the 15 th of February the present legislation , in order to allow the Senate to express its opinion on the question . This proposition was adopted bv 50 votes to 31 . A tutor , named Yervnct , is now on his trial in
Belgium on a charge of stealing from the private chamber of the Count de Liedekcrlce , with whom he was domesticated at the time ( between three and four years ago ) , the aum of 102 , 000 francs . Subsequently to the robbery , he lived in great extravagance . The trial is causing ns much sensation in Belgium as certain cases of fraud have recently done in England . The man is also accused of cheating on < i of the countess ' s jemmes de chambrc of the greater part of three thousand francs . The trial is not yet completed .
TUKKICY . It is stated in intelligence from Constantinople that Ferouk-Khan transmitted Lord Stratford de KcrtcliuVs Ultimatum to Teheran on the -8 th . The Ultimatum , according to these advices , demands a revision of the treaties-with Persia , the evacuation of Herat , authority to found factories along the coasts of the Persian Gulf , and the concession to nn English company of certain railways to bo made across thu Persian territory . Persia > a supported by Russia in demanding neutrality from Turkey ; but England demands permission for the
passage of troops across Turkish territory . —The Imaum of Muscat has refused to pay his annual tribute to Persia . In order to regulate the State expenditure , Redschid Pacha has determined on establishing an audit hoard . It is also contemplated to impose forest laws and a special administration of the State , forests , according to tlie European mode , in order that the extensive woods in various parts of Turkey , which appear now to be the property of any one who likes to cut timber from them , may be turned into a source of Imperial revenue . SWITZERLAND .
Prussia has refused to treat directly with Switzerland . All the Federal staff officers of Switzerland have been ordered to return to their posts immediately . Twenty thousand men are to be put under arms without delay . One half , under General Bourgeois , will be stationed at Basle ; the other half , under General Ziegler , at Schaffha-usen . The van and reserve are to be in readiness to take the field . The Grand Council of Berne has unanimously granted unlimited credits for the purposes of war . The students of Zurich have volunteered to serve in the active army . The popular enthusiasm increases .
The object of the preparations that have been made up to this time by Prussia , is to have 135 , 000 men in march on the 2 nd of January . The Prussian troops are formed into nine divisions , of which each cor ^ s d ' armee furnishes one . These nine divisions are concentrated into four corps , supported by a division of reserve . Count Groben is appointed Commander-in-Cln ' ef ; the Commandants of corps are Generals Werder , Wussowy' Borin , and Schnck . The Prince of Hohenzollem commands the division of reserve , and the division of the Guard , in the first corps , is under th command of Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia . e It is said that Switzerland , at the suggestion of th e American Minister , has consented to refer the dispute to arbitration .
The writer of a Paris letter in Le JVbrd affirms as positive that Prussia has already obtained the authorization of Wurtemberg and of Baden , for her troops to pass through those states , in order to take military possession of Schaffhausen . It is not necessary to have that authorization further confirmed by the Diet—in the first place , because Prussia acts in her own personal name ; and next , because she has already received the . approbation of that body . The Anllagc-Kammer-, or Court of Preliminary Investigation , at Berne , found bills of indictment against sixty-six of the accused conspirators , on the lGth ; fourteen others were placed in the second category , that of those - whose cases are to be reserved ; and two cf
tliem—namely , Count Pourtales Gorgier , and M . Perrot , the advocate , formerly president of the Stadtrath of of Neufchatel—were acquitted . Several others were conditionally liberated on bail— -namely , Heinrich von Rougemont , Edward von Pourtales Pury , and Augustus de Montemolin , each of whom was to find bail to the amount of 50 , 000 francs ; Karl Friedrich Sauvin , a clergyman , and Philip Grevillar , to find bail each for five hundred francs ; and Carl Augustus Matthey de PEtang , a member of tlie Federal Council , placed in the second category of those whose cases are reserved , was released without bail . This second category includes all who only took a subordinate part in the insurrection , to the number of several hundred persons .
Colonel Denzler , who is in command of the Federal troops which occupy Neufchatel , has written to the Swiss representative at Paris a complete denial of the statements of the Assemblcc Nationnh about the oppressed condition of the inhabitants of that canton . The Neufchatel prisoners have also , without exception , testified to the humane and considerate treatment they have experienced . A civic guard is about to be formed in N . eufcliatcl , tbat the Federal troops rnny be withdrawn . M . Pourtnlcs Sandoz , the Neufehfitel insurrectionist , lias been allowed to rcm : un at his own bouse on nccount of ill health and of Ins ago , which is considerable ; but a military guard is placed over him , and he is kept a strict prisoner . Some of the other insurgents , as we announced lost week , have been liberated on bail .
. Privy Councillor Mathins has laid on the table of the House of Deputies of the Landtag an address to the Crown , -which ho intends to submit to the vote of the Assembly , complaining that the practice observed by the police towards the press is not in harmony with the liberty of the press as established by the constitution .
AUSTRIA . Count Croudonhoven , Secretary of Legation , left on the 10 th inst . for I ' aris with despatches for Baron llllbner , containing a verbal note which the latter is to submit to the French Government , and which replies negatively to the question of granting a compensation to Kussia for the abandonment of Bolgrad . The idea of this compensation , it is slated , was not advanced by Kussia , who as yet has not approved of it , but by Franco , who communicated it to England and afterwards to Austria . Both of these Powers refuse to entertain the idea .
The Empress is said to be indisposed , and she will therefore not go to fllilnn , even if her husband docs , which'is doubtful . Supposing the Emperor to go , he will stop , it is said , but for a very abort time .
^Decemb Er 27, 1856.] The Leader 19oq ~ ...
^ Decemb er 27 , 1856 . ] THE LEADER 19 oQ ~ ¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦ , ¦ , — : ¦ . .. " . ¦ . ¦ xzzy
Our Ciyilizatiof.
OUR CIYILIZATIOF .
The Condemned Italian Seamen. Sir George...
THE CONDEMNED ITALIAN SEAMEN . Sir George Gbey has refused to spare the lives of the three Italian seamen who were convicted at the " Winchester Assizes on a charge of murder on the high se 3 S . The Mayor of Southampton ( who is also a Town Councillor of Winchester ) has pleaded for them , hut in vain . Mr . Dymond then addressed a communication to Sir George Grey , praying that Pietrici ( who spared the life of the boy who afterwards gave evidence against the condemned men ) may receive mercy . This request was also refused . Lagava has since admitted that he was guilty . He did this very suddenly ,
exclaiming to Signor Fcrretti , an Italian Protestant gentleman who had interested himself in the culprits , "I have five murders on my soul . " This he explained by saying that he was not only the chief of the assassins , but had induced the others to aid him , and had thus led to their disgraceful end . He said that he " dragged them into it by the hair of their heads . " Matteo Pietrici , on learning that all hope of a respite was at an end , became greatly excited , and , dropping on his knees , implored in the most impassioned manner that his life might be saved , adding that he would willingly he a slave for the
remainder of his existence . He also said he was guiliy , but added that he was struct , and acted in self-defence . He denied that he had any design to plunder the ship , but . continued , after a short pause : — I am a murderer . Two years ago , I killed three persons at Trieste—one a woman with whom I cohabited , and two gendarmes who were sent to arrest me . I « lso attempted to commit a murder in Constantinople ; but the person I attacked escaped by jumping into the water and swimming awa }' . " He also said he thought lie was the worst man that had ever lived , and that he had actually drunk the blood of the woman he had killed at Trieste . Giovanno
Barbaalo suffered greatly on learning that he was to die . He received the last sacraments on Monday evening from Dr . Grant , Roman Catholic Bishop of Southward , who went-to Winchester from London on purpose . The following letter was addressed by the convicts to the captain and crew of the barque Globe : — " Winchester Prison , Dec . 22 . " Dear Friends , —Since we have offended you , pardon us , as we pardon you . heartily . Jeaus Christ pardoned those who put Him on the cross . The Lord has been
merciful towards us , and we hope that He will also be merciful towards you . We shall not see each other any more in this World , but may God grant we may see each other again in heaven . Embrace for us George Nelligan . ''^ Matteo Pietrici , " fGixrsEPPE Lagava , " fGlOVANNO BaRBAAI . O . " Foster Rogerv £ w .. sq „ ; " S . Fefretti , \ Witnesses .
. Selhgan is the boy whose evidence at the trial mainly contributed to the conviction of the murderers . On the morning of the execution ( Tuesday ) , the convicts all exhibited great emotion , and prayed frequently aloud , though Pietrici , while calling himself a Roman Catholic , evinced a preference for Protestant rites and doctrines . He ate a hearty breakfast , saying that lie did so for the purpose of sustaining himself at the last moment . During the whole time the pinioning was going on ( say the accounts from Winchester in the daily papers ) , Lagava and Barbaolo repeated aloud the " Kyrio Eleison , " and other prayers . At one period , Lagava directed the attention of Pietrici to the priest , but the latter replied , " The priest did not die forme ; Christ died
for me . " Pietiici was the first to be Jed on to the scaitold . As soon as- Calcraft had placed him under the fatal l > eam , the most painful excitement -was occasioned among the crowd assembled in front of the gaol by the culprit exclaiming in a loud shrill voice , winch resounded across the valley overlooked by tho prison , " Gcsit Criato , jriglia Tanima mi a / " and other phrases of a similar character , which , aot being understood by the multitude , were believed to be cries of distross and protestations of innocence . Lagava was brought up next , and no sooner had he been placed near his fellow culprit than his voice was raised in protestations to the Virgin Mary and the saints . Terrible as was the scene up to this point , it was infinitely more painful when Barboalo appeared oa the drop . Thia wretched youth was greatly excited , and
could not be induced to submit himself quietly to the executioner . Ho appealed to the priests , and they , in their anxiety to give the dying men consolation , placed themselves in positions which obliged Colcnift to call upon them to remove , or it would bo impossible for him to perform his oflice . This was done in a tone loud enough to bo heard by the crowd belovr , from whom a murmur of " Shame ! " arose , probably as much from the length of time already occupied in affixing tho nooses and splicing tho ropes round tho cross-beam — a clumsy operation which , with the improved example of the metropolitan prison of Newgate open to them , is a disgrace to all the country justices who tolernte it—as from any other cause . At length , after thirteen minutes had elapsed from the period of Piotrici appearing on the scaffold , during tho -wholo of wliich tinao tho culprita
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 27, 1856, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_27121856/page/5/
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