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March 29, 1856.] THE LEADER. 291
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PUBLIC MEETINGS. ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM M...
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Mu. Layaud at Aberdeen.—At the re-inaugu...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The Peace. Tiria Public, It Booms, Were ...
which was disputed by Lord Clarendon ; and hence the difference . Since then , according to the Tunes Paris correspondent , " An arrangement has been proposed by -which the Allies should sign one protocol , while a second should be drawn up to which Prussia and the Allies should affix their signatures . This , fif I am correctly informed , has been adopted , and the Congress is now occupied in the redaction of both protocols . " In the meanwhile a telegraphic despatch has been or will be sent out , to suspend hostilities in the Crimea until further notice . Great dissatisfaction is felt by the Sultan afc the complexion , assumed by the Paris Negotiations with respect to the affaira of his empire . It appears to have been desired by the Allies to insert in the treaty of peace the Sultan ' s late decree ordering certain important reforms touching the Christian population of Turkey ; but the Sultan objects to this as binding him to a certain form of administration in his own independent territory . Aali Pasha has therefore been instructed to oppose any such insertion ; and it would seem , that the idea has been abandoned . Another difficulty has arisen from the question of the Danubian Principalities . When the Sultan was informed that the Plenipotentiaries were debating on * Tio nninn of t-. liA t-wrn nvnviiines . ereat excitement was
felt at Constantinople . A formal protest , against even the discussion of this question , was sent by electric telegraph , after a great many efforts to the contrary on . the part of the French and Austrian ambassadors at Constantinople , and of the Sultan ' s own ministers .
March 29, 1856.] The Leader. 291
March 29 , 1856 . ] THE LEADER . 291
Public Meetings. Administrative Reform M...
PUBLIC MEETINGS . ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM MEETING . A » TJBLIC meeting was held at St . Martin's-hall , Long Acre , on Tuesday night , in order , in the words of the advertisement , to " consider the necessity of a vigorous efforfa to counteract existing abuses in the administration of the affairs of the country , to expose corrupt influences and favouritism in Government appointments , the consequent inefficiency of the public service , and enormous increase of taxation . " Mr . Smedley , the High Bailiff of Westminster , presided , but the attendance was very scanty . Mr . Bell , who attended as one of a deputation from the Administrative Reform Association , proceeded to defend tnat irotn tee wnicn
Dody cnarges naa oeen prougnt against it . He said it had been described as coming j forward at the wrong time ; but , for himself , he had j never heard of any reform being proposed , but some one said it Was " the wrong time . " The ucfitness of 1 many of the candidates for public offices had been shown by the Civil , Service Commissioners , who j stated that out of 1 , 078 candidates for appointments there were only 676 who were at all capable of performing the duties of the offices to which they aspired , While 300 were rejected because they could not read , write , or spell , or were deficient in geography , or were otherwise totally incompetent for the public service . Mr . Bell concluded by moving a resblution condemnatory of this evil , and claiming the support of the meeting for the Administrative Reform Association . Mr . H . G . Robinson , who seconded the motion , regarded Administrative Reform as one of the stepping stones to Parliamentary Reform . Sir . J . V . Shelley , M . P ., moved by way of amendment an o / lrlmiri iiiri i : f \ ~ f . li A rnartin l-jrtit c * is 4-f-i » - * r * ¦ F .-vv » fl- » " fl-. ni- n MMVf lAiiu \\ wi / li 3 / Jh 11 1
A large attendance of members of Lloyd ' s took place on "Wednesday at the annual meeting in the Subscription Room , Royal Exchange , in consequence of notice of a motion for considering the present condition of the underwriting business . Mr . Baring , M . P ., was in the chair . Mr . Watts rose and introduced the motion by a statement of facts and arguments . He called attention to the increased risk for which underwriters are now responsible . First , there is the great change made in the size of mercantile "vessels ; the unwieldy and dangerous class of vessels now employed ; the clipper nuisance and danger ; the use of iron in the construction of large ships ; the difficulty of procuring competent captains and mates ; the impossibility of manning ships with ablebodied British seamen ; the necessity of making use of undersized , drunken , outpoi't and foreign lubbers , quite unfit for . seamen ' s duties , thanks to legislative tinkering of the laws by ignorant statesmen , for the most part set in motion by interested adventurers ; and , above all , the 1 increased risk of collision , arising from the introduction
between the Pope and Francis Joseph of Austria , with special reference to Hungary in general , and the Protestantism of Hungaiy in particular . " The Rev . Mr . Thoiesby presided . M . Kossuth , who was received with loud cheers , remarked that the Concordat was , on the part of the Pope , a daring and dangerous manifestation of aspiration to universal supremacy , and , ou the parb of the Austrian Emperor , a shameful surrender of the most sacred rights of the crown , the clergy , and the people . To Hungary the consequences would be very serious . That country had always displayed a bold opposition to Papal pretensions , both before and after the Reformation . After taking a general survey of the causes of the Concordat , of which he reserved the details for the next lecture , he proceeded to sketch the peculiar characters of tho Pope and the Emperor of Austria ,. Kingcraft and priestcraft were united in them for the suppression of liberty . In conclusion , M . Kossuth pointed out the troubles which the triumph of the Concordat ia Hungary might in time bring upon England , and quoted a remark made upon the subject by Oliver Cromwell . The meeting separated with three cheers for the lecturer . FRAUDS ON UNDERWRITERS .
of steam , and the reckless sacrifice or satety to speed , j A shameless system of imposition was practised on the underwriter ; there was an organised system of premeditated fraud in the guise of claims for particular average , for damages by sea water , which was rapidly identifying itself with ordinary business , and against -which the underwriter had no sufficient protection . It was impossible to write goods to any port in the world without having a claim made for alleged sea damage ; and the extent and audacity of this system indicated a condition of commercial morality perfectly appalling . Shippers and manufacturers looked not to the profit of the markets so much as to the profit they could extract from the pockets of underwriters by manufactured claims for pretended sea damage . The proposition he had to make was for the meeting to agree to establish a , hoard of investigation , to which all doubtful and disputed claims should be referred . The decision of thiB board should be binding , either for the claim to resisteuout 01 uuiumuu luua iwnu
tional accommodation to the extent of 600 beds for patients may be provided at the county asylum , at Hanwell , at an expense not exceeding £ 67 , 300 , be approved , and that the report , together with the plans and estimates , be referred back to the committee , with directions to bring the whole matter under the consideration of the Secretary of State for the Home Department , in order that his sanction may be obtained , if it shall appear to him that this mode of providing additional accommodation for the pauper lunatics of the county should b 9 adopted under the direction of the Court . " £ Mr . N . Laurie conceived that the extension should be much greater , and that accommodation should be made to the extent of 3 , 000 for each asylum . He remarked : — "It is said that drunkenness is the great cause of the increase of lunacy ; but what is the fact ? Drunkenness is on the decrease ; but reference to the statistical table appended to the report will show a cause of insanity which is greatly on the increase , and that is distress—loss and anxiety in trade , to which causes from thirty-five to forty cases set forth in the tables are attributable . A great battle is being fought in this large town , by men and women , in keeping starvation at arms' length . " The motion was agreed to .
LORD SHA . FTESBVR-Y AT MANCHESTER . The Earl of Shaftesbury having accepted an invitation to attend a public meeting of the Young Men ' s Christian Association at Manchester on Tuesday evening , the operatives connected with the late short-time movement availed themselves of the opportunity of waiting upon his Lordship to confer witih him upon the nature of Colonel Wilson Patten ' s bill for amending the law relating to the fencing of machinery . The interview took place at the Albion Hotel , Manchester , on Monday evening . The operatives expressed themselves desirous of not throwing any obstacles in the way of the proposed measure so far as it referred to the modification of the law affecting machinery , but appeared to have a vague idea that advantage might be taken of the opportunity for smuggling into the bill provisions at variance with the Ten Hours' Act . Lord Shaftesbury said he did not think there was any cause for- that apprehension ^ and he advised the operatives not to oppose the measure . .
The Earl afterwards proceeded to a meeting 01 short-timed delegates , at the Cotten-tree Inn , Ancoats , at which about two hundred men and women were present . Mr . Paul Hargraves took the chair , and Mr . Tuomas Maudesley read an address , thanking his Lordship for the services he had rendei-ed to the factory operatives by his advocacy of a restriction of the 'hours of labour . The Earl of Shaftesbury expressed his gratification at learning the good results of the measure which he had been instrumental in passing ; and Lord Ashley afterwards briefly addressed the meeting . On Tuesday evening , Lord Shaftesbury addressed the Young Men's Christian Association at the Corn Exchange , dwelling at some length upon the evils of what he termed diseased commercial activity , leading to that competition by which young men in shops are taught to make the worse appear the belter article , and by which the customer is seduced in a variety of ways .
uuM js * v * . wijv ^ a * -l VJ-VJ _ . lj \ s \ il . KM . l \ Av .. JL ULIAU U > complete and permanent removal of existing abuses can only be expected as the result of a reform of the House of Commons , including vote by ballot . " Mr . Finlan , a chartist , then came forward , and at first experienced some difficulty in gaining a hearing , the Bailiff stating that the meeting was confined to the electors of Westminster j but tho auditory decided otherwise . He affirmed that tho House of
Comt > e paid , or . a , no proposed , that a register of claims , tho names of parties , and the nature of the claims , be kept for the use of tho members . The motion , on being put , was declared to bo negatived . FREIE TttADE WITH ITRANOE . ' An open air meeting was held on Tuesday at Hanley . T > . wrist flonvoiiftfl bv 11 now societv . formed bv
trentlcmons is corrupt , that the doctoral body is corrupt , and that it is clearly tho duty of the people of England "to remove tho whole lot ; " and he concluded by moving a resolution in favour of a reform of Pai-liamont in accordanoo with tho six " points" of " the charter . " Sonic upnw succeeded ; and , in nuswor to a quostion from a Mr . Davy , Mr . Boll defined tho objects of the Administrative Reformers to bo tho throwing open of all situations under ( Jovommont to public competition , aud tho abolition of tho existing system , of making it ueoessary that candidates for examination should bo nominated by Members of Parliament . A flow words woro addressed to tho mooting by a person calling himself a tutor , who stated that ho hncl oxamined candidates for appointment in tho War Department , and that ho was convinced tUnt " tho most intolerable corruption " prevail . Mr . Boll , having acooptod Sir J . V . ( Sholloy ' H addondum , Mr . Finlau's amendment was first pub , and rojeoted . Tho original resolution , including tho addition , was then put , and -was also nogativod , tho chairman observing , " Neither tho original motion nor tho amawdmont is carried . " The mooting accordingly broko up amidst much laughter . M . 1 COS 8 UTII ON THE AU 6 TMAN OONOOIlliAT . M . Kossuth , on Wednoaday evening , delivered tho first of two looturos , at the Spa-fields schoolroom , Exmouth-atroot , Olorkonwoll , on tho " Concordat
men oounocted with tho Potteries district , aud called the Anglo-French Free Trade Association . Tho chiof abject of the meeting was to discuss tho necessity of reducing tho duty upon foreign , especially French , wines , in order to obtain from Franco and othor countries a reduction of the duty upon pottery . Mr . Olivoira , M . P ., had been invited to attend , and ho had several members of Parliament who aro favourable to tho objects sought by the association . Tho procession from . Stoke was joined by tho Hon . F . L . Glower , member for tho borough ; Mr . Smith Child , M . P ., Mr . Olivoira , M . P ., Mr . M'Gregor , M . P ., and several of tho largo manufacturers of tho diatriofc . Mr . Alb ut , the ohiof bailiff of Hunlay , prosidod ; and the meeting was addressod by Mr . Bodloy , Mr . Smith Child , ML . P ., Mr . Olivoira , M . P ., tho Hon . F . L . Gowcr , Mr . 13 . S . Braiigh , and Mr . J . M'GU-ogor , M . P ., who ftpoko iu favour of tho objoct . i proposed by tho association . iloHolutiona in acoordanoo woro uunuiiuou « ly cavrlod , Tina UANWJ ' XX , AND OOT ^ NJSY HATCH LUNATIC ASYLUMS . A njiooial mooting of tho mugintraoy of Middloaox wnw hold at tho ResBiou-houHo in Clorkcuwoll on Thursday , to consider plans for tho onlargomont of the IIiLiiwoll und Colnoy Hatch AhvIuiub . Kir Alexnudor Spoarmiui moved , " That tho report of tho committoo and tho recommendations therein contained , whioh Buggottt tho moaeuroa by wliioh odcli-
Mu. Layaud At Aberdeen.—At The Re-Inaugu...
Mu . Layaud at Aberdeen . —At the re-inauguration of Mr . Layard as Hector of Marischal College and "University , Aberdeen ( to which wo briefly alluded last week ) , ho addressed the students on the reforms which he conceived were necessary to enable tho Universities of that city to compete , not only ¦ with Scotland , but with England . A union of * tho Universities ho oonceivod to bo vitally necessary ; and
he stated that tho Lord Advooate , on tho part of tho present ( Joverumout , has promised to introduco a bill and issue a oommiasiou . Ho bulieved that tho educational system in tho Scotch Universities xa \ n some respects superior to that of England ; aud , with propor reforms , ho " had good hopon that in no part of England will Scotland be surpnwaoil . " _ Mr . Layard announced two priaoa to bo given by himself to the studontB—1 st , fur mi cwmiy " Ou Iho inauonou of Liberty aud Couunocoo ou Litoruturo and tho Arts , as illuHtmted by tho Urook and Italian ltopuLihca . Prizo , a copy of his own works . To bo computed for by tho students in divinity , inodiohiu , and law . 2 nd , " Whether Duupotio or Free Uovonnuontu arc mure likely to pursue un aggrewsivo policy towards other Status ; the diriouiisiuu of tho question to be illustrated by reluroneoa both to auoienfc und modern history . " Pmo , a oomploto not of Uullmu ' s works . To bo competed Tor by tho Aria' CIiwhoh . LaNOABUIUM AND UUKtflllUK MlCOIIANLaci' INBTITUTiONtf . —Tho annual mooting of the Lanoashiru and . Cheshire Association of Literary and Muuliuuioa ' Jnslitutiuurt , took pliiou un Saturday at the ManolioBter Athomouin . Thy Bishop of Manchester | n \> Hidoi 3 , aud wa « supported by Mr . . Tuijuob Hoywood , M . I * ., Mr . Thonmn JJussloy , |> ro .-iidout ; of tlio Chamber ot Cominorco , Mr . Olivor Hoy wood , Mr . Malcolm Romb , Mr . J . A . Niolxolln , aud othor leading gontluineu uf tho neighbourhood . Thoro was a good attendance of
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), March 29, 1856, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_29031856/page/3/
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