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zerland is in withe illhumour his 384 TH...
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THE ZURICH CONFERENCE. The conference of...
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THE VILLA FRANCA TREATY. The Journal de ...
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EXCITEMENT IN ITALY. Every letter receiv...
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PIEDMONT AND LOMBARDY, One of the first ...
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GARIBALDI. Garibaldi's head-quarters are...
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on. THE POPE'S PROTEST. In his proclamat...
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WAR EXPENDITURE. Tub Moniteur of Tuesday...
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BUSSIA AND CHINA, According* to the St. ...
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Russian Policy in Italy. —The following ...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Paris News.— Preparations For The Fdtes ...
was played Ut one of the concert-rooms Jnost 'frequented by working men . 1 should , mention , that , in order to prevent competition with the theatres , it is forbidden to sing any portion of opfcras or plays at the concert ^ room . But when the orchestra played in the overture the air of the celebrated refrain the audience restored the original -version , and sang " Guerre aux Anglais" instead of the milder authorised form of " Guerre aux Tyrans . " The overture wits encored , and the persons most conspicuous in this patriotic movement were indivithis the
duals disguised in plain clothes . If were spontaneous expression of ill-will on the part of the Marseillais towards England it would not be worth notice , but it is the deliberate and premeditated act of the Government , through its agent , the Prefect , to excite the people to vociferate " Guerre aux Anglais , " and that in a town which is largely indebted for its prosperity to English trade and English capital . Whether the Emperor has decided upon changing his policy towards England , the next few weeks will probably determine ; but that such is his intention is the belief of the population generally .
Zerland Is In Withe Illhumour His 384 Th...
384 THE LEABEBy [ Kb . 4 S 3 * -July 30 , 1859 * ' ' _ "_ ' - - ' ¦ . ¦
The Zurich Conference. The Conference Of...
THE ZURICH CONFERENCE . The conference of the three powers , France , Austria and Piedmont , will most likely take place at the end of July , and be probably of short duration . Austria does not want a congresSj and her journals even refuse to admit certain very natural consequences of the engagements undertaken at ViU * - franca by the Emperor Francis Joseph . For example , they combat the idea of an Italian confederation as impracticable , and they oppose themselves to all reforms in the Venetian territory which may have the effect of " Italianising" that province . The Ost Deutsche Post states that the Emperors of Austria and France will establish " exclusively bet ween themselves" the conditions of peace , and that the negotiations of France and Piedmont will be a subsequent and separate affair . The Austrian Government , says a letter from Vienna , has received a declaration from the King of the Two Sicilies , that he sees no reason for refusing his adhesion to the proposed Italian Confederation . It is said that the recommendation of Austria influenced the King in making this declaration . A project of confederation for Italy , drawn up by Count Walewski , has been already communicated to all the Governments interested . It contains a provision for a federal army , and appears to resemble the Germanic Confederation in certain points . ¦
The Villa Franca Treaty. The Journal De ...
THE VILLA FRANCA TREATY . The Journal de Mayence gives this as the text of the treaty : — " Between his Majesty the Emperor of Austria ani his Majesty the Emperor of the French it hits been agreed as follows : —The two Sovereigns will favour the creation of an Italian Confederation . That Confederation shall be under the honorary presidency of the Holy Father . The Emperor of Austria cedes to the Emperor of the French his Tights over Lombardy , with the exception of the fortresses of Mantua and Peschiera , so that the frontier of the Austrian possessions shall start from the extreme range of the fortress of Peschiera , and shall extend in a direct line along the Mincio as far as Grazio ; thence to Scorzarolo and Luzana to the Po , -whence the actual frontiers shall continue to form the limits of Austria . The Emperor of the French will hand over ( remettra ) the ceded territory to the King of Sardinia . Venetia shall form part of the Italian Confederation , though remaining under the crown of the Emperor of Austria . Tho Grand Duke of Tuscany and the Duke of Modena return to their States , granting a general amnesty . The two Emperors will ask the Holy Father to introduce indispensable reforms into his States , A full and completo amnesty is granted on both sides to persons compromised in the late events in the territories of the belligerent parties . Done at Vlllairancsi , tho 11 th of July , 1809 . " .
Excitement In Italy. Every Letter Receiv...
EXCITEMENT IN ITALY . Every letter received from the Duchies and the Legations brings additional accounts of the discontent and the ferment which prevail among the people , and of tho determination not to submit to tlio rule of their ancient tyrants being reimposcd upon them . On the 20 th inst . tho Municipality of Florence assembled to express its desire that Tuscany should become part of an Italian kingdom under Victor Emmanuel II . } or that , if reasons of haute politique rendered this impracticable , that a princo of the House of Savoy might be put to reign over it . The Municipality proceeds to express the desire " that Tuscany ah , ould , bo admitted to form part of a vaBt Italian kingdom under Victor Emmanuel . " , It refers to " the eternal and absolute exclusion of the Houso of Austro-Lorralno and of the Bourbons , " and aske for a Prince of Savoy in default of tlie
King of Piedmont . The Monitore Toscano is urging the people , both of town and country , to arm to the last mau sooner than receive back as their ruler " the vanquished of Solferino . *' The Grand Duke of Tuscany has decided to resign in favour of his son , who is to grant the constitution of 1848 and adopt the tri-eoloured flag . This would seem no unreasonable manner of settling existing difficulties as far as Tuscany is concerned , but at first the Tuscans are likely to scout the idea . It must be remembered , however , that , although there is a prodigious clamour just now against the Grand Duke and his family , they are not entirely without partisans in that country . According to a telegram received from Florence the Tuscan Minister of the Interior has published an official report . The result of the deliberations oh the question of annexation of Tuscany with Piedmont has been made known from 141 p laces , including Leghorn and Florence . The result shows 809 affirmative against 15 negative votes , representing the wishes and interests of 1 , 135 , 863 inhabitants . The result of the elections of members of a special assembly is also favourable to the independence of Tuscany . When the assembly shall have received the members from the other towns it will give its vote . At Parma , Modena , Florence , and Bologna , the people are assembling for moral resistance , while the cry " to arms" rises all over the cpuntry . Deputations from the Duchies are praying the King of Sardinia that their vote for the fusione , unanimously expressed in 1848 and confirmed in 1859 , should not be set aside . In Romagna a Provisional Government is organised , in open hostility to at least the temporal sovereignty of the Pope . Within a week or a fortnight all this revolutionised Central Italy will have more than 50 , 000 men under arms . General MezHocapo already musters 10 , 000 men , mostly natives of Romagna , regularly organised under Sardinian colours . Garibaldi , at the head of 10 , 000 Cacciatori delle Alpi , " to whom the Gacciatori delle Apennini and Gacciatori della Magra will be added , will leave his posts in the Alpine fastnesses , and the youths who are now frantically rusbing to arms at Parma , Modena , and everywhere , the adventurers of all Italy , will join him at Bologna , as they joined him atRome in 1849 . In one word , Central Italy , utterly powerless against France artd Austria , and still more against their combined forces , will not , if driven to despair and allowed time , perish without a struggle , and it is but too strong if only menaced by such forces as its late rulers can bring into the field ; Chevalier Farrini , Governor of Modena , has , by order of King 1 Victor Emmanuel , withdrawn the Sardinian authority , and has published a proclamation , in which he remits the Government to the members of the Municipality . The populace assembled in crowds , and proclaimed the Municipality , by acclamation , Dictators of the country . Farrini has accepted a provisional regency , in order to maintain public order , and reunite the representative Assembly of Modena , which is to pronounce on tho future settlement of the country . Perfect order and general confidence prevails .
Piedmont And Lombardy, One Of The First ...
PIEDMONT AND LOMBARDY , One of the first acts of the new Sardinian ministry will be , it Is said , to put an end to the present dictatorship , to convoke the Chambers , and to present to them an electoral bill applicable to Lombardy . A dissolution will afterwards take place , in order to effect , in the new Chambers , the completo fusion of Piedmont and Lombardy . The King will reside , and the Parliament sit , in alternate years , at Milan and at Turin . Thursday being the anniversary of the funeral of the late King Carlo Alberto , a grand ceremony took place at Milan to celebrate the same , which was attended by an immense concourse of the population . The troops maintained perfect order . The populace of Lodi , hob having been informed of the arrival of French troops ( for whose reception fates had been prepared ) , were so irritated against the Municipality that they compelled tho members to resign . The King has appointed n Provisional Municipal Committee . A Turin letter says : —« ' With the exception of Piedmont and Lombardy , and of what belongs to Austria or Naples , Napoleon must now lord it all over Italy militarily and in all probability civilly also . Italy passes at one stroke from the Austrian to tho French . thraldom , and Piedmont is already fully aware of tho extent of freedom that will bo allotted to her . People who see Victor Emmanuel privately find no words to describe tho poignunt grief , the burning wrath , by which his honest soul is consumed . Count Cavour has exerted himself to the utmost to form tho now Ministry , and has at last left Turin for his country scat , whence ho will soon proceed to
Switzerland . He is in awithe ' ring ill-humour ; his staunchest friends hardly venture to address him . — :- H X ' \ i i m- * » - * J ft *«¦ m- % k
Garibaldi. Garibaldi's Head-Quarters Are...
GARIBALDI . Garibaldi ' s head-quarters are at Lovere , on the Lake of Iseo , and on the 15 th he was summoned to Brescia by General La Marmora , with whom he dined , after a long confidential interview . A letter from Brescia states that twelve new regiments of infantry , and from , eight to ten battalions of riflemen , are to be raised immediately , making the presentforce thirty-four regiments of infantry and from twenty to twenty-two battalions of riflemen . Garibaldi is now contemplating a move from , the Alps to the Appenines—from Northern to Central Italy . There -will be a gathering of about 50 , 000 volunteers in Romagna . Garibaldi ' s corps joined to that of Mezzocapo will form an army capable of securing the independence of Central" Italy , at least against any merely Italian force . A letter in the Nazione of Florence states that Garibaldi , after the news of the preliminaries of the pea . ee > went to the King ' s quarters , to give up his commission and those of all the officers of his corps , but that Victor Emmanuel would not receive them , and that consequently Garibaldi and his officers have retained their rank . The King told him that , as a Piedmontese general , he was not at liberty to give up his com-
On. The Pope's Protest. In His Proclamat...
on . THE POPE'S PROTEST . In his proclamation to the population of the Romagna , subjects of the Pope , M . Massimo d'Azeglio has said , " God has made man free in his opinions , political and religious . " This shocking heresy has not escaped the -watchful eye of the Holy Father , who has stigmatised it in an autograph letter to the Cardinal Bishop of Albano . After inviting the faithful to return thanks for the cessation of the war the Pope says : — " To continue our prayers is a necessity , inasmuch a 3 divers provinces of the States of the Church are still a prey to the men who are intent upon demolishing the established order of things ; and it is with this view that in our days a foreign usurping power proclaims that God hath made man free as regardeth his political and religious opinions , thus denying the authorities established by Goi upon earth , and to whom obedience andrespeet are due , forgetting at the same time the immortality of the soul , which , when it passeth from this transitory world to the eternal one , shall have to answer unto the all-powerful ami inexorable Judge for those religious opinions ; then learning too late that there is but one God and one faith , and that whoever quitteth the ark of unity shall be submerged in the deluge of eternal punishment . " A letter from Rome > of the 23 rd hist ., states that M . de Meneval , aide-de-camp of the French Emperor , had arrived , bringing a letter from the Emperor , insisting on certain reforms , substantially the same as those ineffectually urged by the French ambassador in 1857 .
War Expenditure. Tub Moniteur Of Tuesday...
WAR EXPENDITURE . Tub Moniteur of Tuesday contains the following — " It is endeavoured in England to attribute to Trance the causes of the English national burdens , but the English people are deceived merely in order to further the national defences . The exaggeration of our armaments is to justify the considerable increase of the English budget for the army and navy . A comparison of the budgets of France and England will show these considerations to be erroneous . ?• Since 1813 the army expenses of England have increased by 200 millions of francs , making for 1860 a total of more than 650 million francs ; while in Prance the army budget for I 860 does not much exceed 463 million francs . ?* We , therefore , ask whether it is to France and to her extraordinary armaments that the lieavy burdens which weigh on the English people aro to be attributed , or whether these enormous expenses and taxes , which are the consequences of thoseburdensi must not bo attributed to other reasons ? "
Bussia And China, According* To The St. ...
BUSSIA AND CHINA , According * to the St . Petersburg official Gazette , a treaty has been concluded between Russia and China , and ratified by tho two Emperors . Tho treaty contains twelve articles , and is signed at Tientsin . China grants to Russia leave to send ambassadors to Pekln , promises . protection to Christian missionaries , and authorises a monthly mail service between Kiachta and Pekin .
Russian Policy In Italy. —The Following ...
Russian Policy in Italy . —The following letter has . bean received from ( 3 t . Petersburg : —" Although the war in Italy was approved by us , in many respects , on account of the unfriendly feeling wlMoh prevails hero against tho Austrian Government , our Emperor himself has always entertained a friendly feeling towards each belligeront . Several vorsions aro current relative to tho mission of Qounfc P « u ' SchQiivaloff to tho French head-quarters * .. Thewaa
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), July 30, 1859, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_30071859/page/8/
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