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J To. 440, ArauST 28,1858.1 T H E L E A ...
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Leadkr Office, Saturday, August 2Sth. TH...
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FRIGHTFUL CATASTROPHE AT ^rORTIirXG. A f...
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Fire at the North London Raiiavay Works,...
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NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. Vinhl™ °-»" V...
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SATURDAY, AUGUST 28, 1858.
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¦ . ¦ . ? .-There is notliing 1 so revol...
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MODERN TIEW OE OUR ANCIENT CONSTITUTION....
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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J To. 440, Araust 28,1858.1 T H E L E A ...
J To . 440 , ArauST 28 , 1858 . 1 T H E L E A D E B 867
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Leadkr Office, Saturday, August 2sth. Th...
Leadkr Office , Saturday , August 2 Sth . THE CONTINENT . FRANCE . CbiraT Peksicity ' s remarkable speech is ascribed by many to the influence of those two illustrious members of the late British Cabinet , Lord Palmerston and Lord Clarendon , who are not now at Paris without political reasons of their own . A Paris letter in the Tndependan . ee of Brussels contains the following information on the subject of the reported marriage of the Due de MalakoC The first banns will be published on Thursday next , and it is said that it was for the purpose of signing the contract that the Emperor ' postponed his departure for Biarritz . It is added that the marriage portion of Mdlle . de Paniega , amounting to one million , has been furnished by his Majesty . I know not whether there is any exaggeration in this sum , but I have heard that the trousseau will be furnished by the Thnpress . Lord Cowley will , it is said , act as one ^ of the witnesses of the duke , and Prince Napoleon will also honour the marshal with his presence . M . Mori , the Spanish Ambassador , who is expected in Paris on the 31 st , will be one of the witnesses of the bride . It is said that the marriage wilt take place oa the 8 th of September , the anniversary of the taking ; of the Malakoff . ' SPATS . A telegram from Madrid states that a military expedition to Havannab . is in preparation . TURKEY . Despatches received through Greece state that disturbances have broken out at lleraclion , in Candia . Ten Christians were massacred . The irregulars of Dervend Aga invaded the Greek frontier , but were driven tack . ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ : ¦ .. '¦ - . ¦ . ¦/ .. ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ . ; ' . ¦ ¦ . . . ... . ... - .: : Letters from Derna ( Tripoli ) announce that the plague was generally on the decline , though it had broken out atOgisa , a town four days' march inland . At Malta the Lazaretto had been organised . . ... . - . -.. ' . : ' grkece . . ' . ' ¦ : . '¦¦ ¦ - ¦ . ¦ '¦¦¦ ¦¦ A private letter from Athens says : —" The negotiations which have been going on between the royal family of Bavaria and the Greek Government to obtain some modifications in the provisions of the Greek conatitution have not led to any result . Nothing Avill therefore be changed in the fundamental principle of the law , -which requires that the Sovereign shall profess the orthodox . Greek religion . The great question relative to the succession to the throne of Greece remains , therefore , undecided . The religious sentiments of Prince Adalbert and of the Infanta Amelia , his wife , have not up to the present time allowed them to yield to political considerations . "
Frightful Catastrophe At ^Rortiirxg. A F...
FRIGHTFUL CATASTROPHE AT ^ rORTIirXG . A frightful calamity occurred at Worthing on Thursday , which has cast a horrible gloom over the whole of that watering-place . The Mary and Eliza , pleasure-boat , left in the evening with about twenty passengers , con-Bisting of men , women , and children . "When she had been out about three-quarters of an hour , by sonic means , at present unexplained , she overturned , and thirteen of her passengers were drowned- Up to the present time eleven bodies have been recovered , viz . seven children , two femulep , and the boatman and his wife . Every means were adopted to restore animation when they were brought to shore , but without avail . The other bodies have not yet been found . The greatest excitement prevails throughout the entire neighbourhood .
Fire At The North London Raiiavay Works,...
Fire at the North London Raiiavay Works , Bow . —About four o ' clock yesterday morning n very extensive fire took place at tho locomotive and carriage works of tho North London . llnilwny , at How . The portion of the works which is destroyed formed a long range of workshops , two floors in height , which stood close to the up-liue of rails . They comprised the oarriago building and repairing depot , turners * and painters ' hops , and engineers' and smiths' stores , in which were a quantity of machinery , patterns , « S : c . Tlu > whole of the stock of carriages fell a sacrifice . Considerable time elapsed boforo tho engines could arrive from London . Jn the moan time the conflagration progressed with fearful rapidity , sweeping along ; tho roof ; the entire of in
ran ^ o building was one body of lire , as also tho boiler and engine-house , which adjoined . By tlio timo the brigado arrived very little could be saved . The enginos , however , -were got to work , and tho operations ° f tho firemen wero chiefly directed to preventing the names communicating to tho principal locomotive build"H > i the west windows of which were nearly all shattered t y the . intense hout . By seven o ' clock the fire had boon « flfeettially got under . Tho walls of tlio destroyed building had fallen over on to the main line , and , for u time , impeded tho trafllc . Gangs of labourers were set J o work to clear the rails , and in tliocouiue of tho mornlug the trains ran ns usual . Tho Iosh will amount to Bovoral thousand pounds . Tho origin ef tho disaster is ftt present a mystery .
Notices To Correspondents. Vinhl™ °-»" V...
NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS . Vinhl ™ ° - » " V V'Vv" ? f ano » ymous correspondence . hvthn ? Int < ? « J for insertion must be authenticated fhrnfir " i ° - an ^ ? dvess of the writer ; not necessarily i ? i publication , but as a guaran tee of his good faith . It is impassible to acknowledge the mass of loiters we re-° ? V , IhelB ' » sertion is often delayed , ovinfc to a press of matter ; and when omitted , it is frequently from reasons quite independent of the merits of the comraunica-Lion * ¦ We cannot undertake to return rejected communications .
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Saturday, August 28, 1858.
SATURDAY , AUGUST 28 , 1858 .
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¦ . ¦ . ? .-There Is Notliing 1 So Revol...
¦ . ¦ . ? .-There is notliing 1 so revolutionary , because there is nothing so unnatural and convulsive , as the strain to keep things fixed when all the world is by the very law of its creation in eternal progress . —Dr . Arnold . ¦ ¦' ¦" ' ; ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ? — ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦'¦¦
Modern Tiew Oe Our Ancient Constitution....
MODERN TIEW OE OUR ANCIENT CONSTITUTION . To the Conservatives of our ancient and mucliadmircd realm nothing can lie more astonishing than the manner in which the Constitution , once so much , boasted of as " great , glorious , and free , " is now apologised for . It is scarcely defended by Its friends . It is always to be improved by all parties . It is now contrasted with that of tlie United States , and elaborately shown not to be so extravagant nor so regardless of individual liberty as the instrument that there corrupts all who aspire to use it , vthat ' passes . Fugitive Slave Laws , and keeps iu ¦ personal bondage 3 , 000 , 000 human , beings . "What is now -chiefly said in favour of our Government is , that it is less wasteful and less mischievous than tlie Federal Govcrninent of the United States . We have no intention of
inquiring into the relative cost of the two , ' which , to be done fairly and . satisfactorily , must include the charge , here , for a State Church , while there no such charge is known ; it must include also , here , county , city , and borough taxes , and there the taxes of each state Government ; and should here , \ ve think , also include rent paid for land , which is in the main an inherited charge on industry for tlie support of an aristocracy as a branch of government derived from the feudal system * as tithes are a charge on industry for a State Church ' derived from the narrow , anti-commercial theocracy of Judca . Nor shall we do battle for tlie
anti-freetrade tariff of 1 he general Government of the States , nor for tlio many petty oppressive laws which , in ench particular state , arc directed to ensure , in one , a puritanical observance of the Sabbath , in another , to prescribe ? all the proceedings ot ' bankers , and , in another , to forbid a negro to read , as a dominant interest seeks , by means of legislation , to attain its own private and paltry ends . Wo cannot believe that the good government so much desired lor our own country will be obtained by showing that every abuse and every extravagance here can be contrasted with a greater abuse and greater extravagance elsewhere . We must remind Conservatives , however , who resort to this new-fashioned Whiir nhm of anolorcsort to this new-fashioned Whig plan of
apologising for the Queen ' s Government , that England has now had renowned statesmen , and has studied statesmanship for several centuries ; that it has long had a noble aristocracy , a wcll-cndowcd clergy , and opulent middle classes , all with much leisure , and all claiming respect , and honour for their services < o society ; while the States hlive become tin independent ; power within the memory of living men . They have no aristocracy , no endowed clergy , no especially leisure class to study science and improve art , nnd scarcely any middle chibs , though some individuals bo richer than others , but consist generally of the lowest , classes , and the descendants of tho lowest , classes from every pavl , of Europe . Tin 1 menu ho starved liernnud wen ; ofno
eonsiiloralion , such us the Irish and German peasantry , liuvc found refuge there , and form part , of the Government of the Stales . That such people should be rude nnd have rude institutions is natural . To contrast our glorious , long-descended , time-honoured institutions with those of the States , ao newly formed
under such unfavourable circumstances , having a forest to clear , and wild men to subdue , and none of the advantages of old civilisation , and to exaggerate all Uic evils and all the defects of the American institutions in order to make a fairappearan . ee for our own , which is . now continually done , indicates a great change in public opinion . Fornierly our venerable constitution , our throne , our aristocracy , our church , our universities challenged the public admiration , and the few were scarcely tolerated -who hinted even that imperfections might exist . Admitting , therefore , that
the democratic Government of the United States is as costly , as corrupt , and as oppressive as its 'worst enemies represent it—admitting even that the darkest picture they can draw of its principles and policy is bright compared to the reality—to be obliged to have recourse to it as a foil , betrays the comparative dulness of our once brilliant institutions . The extravagance and oppression in that new , struggling , and unformed community cannot afford the least justification for similar vices in ours , old , long-formed , and carefully regulated . Tlie contrast , however , though , unworthy d £
England ^ is not favourable when we consider , not only the expenditure of the two Governments , bufc what the subjects of each enjoy under its protecting care . The Americans ' , are free , and they are safe . Their Government may be very much more expensive than that of Naples ; it is , at the same time , much more favourable to individual freedom , to the cultivation of the human faculties , and the enlargement of human power . If it expends more , it lays far less restraint on production . It may cost even proportionally more than the imperial Government of France , but it interferes less with locomotion , with enterprise , with industry , with , freedom of thought , and is far less injurious to the welfare and growth of society . We must not
consider merely the money spent , we must also include in-our view . ' the nature of the services performed .. The Government of the United States , interfering and ambitious as ^ t is generally described , has preserved peace with its neighbours in a much greater de ; gree than the Governments of Europe . Since it was established , tlie Americans have enjoyed almost uninterrupted quiet internally , while the people o £ Europe have been continually a prey either to -wars or revolutions , or both . "Without taking the internal and external condition of a community into consi deration , all comparisons of the expenditure of one Government with the expenditure of another , and all contrasts between their policy and legislation , are absolutely worthless .
What is good , iu the United States is tlie absence of dictation , not regulations—is natural freedom , not artificial restrictions . The people of the States have no excise and no censorship . They can make spirits and print their thoughts without asking leave of the Government . Industry , as the rule , is perfectly free and unregulated . They have no close corporations nor apprentice laws . * Men are not required to take out a license before they
establish themselves in business . Division of labour is accordingly not impeded . Locomotion is free . Castes , except t lie slave and free castes , are unknown ; and every employment and office in the States is open to all . Religion is left to the good sense of individuals , and piety , though mingled with , much intolerance , is more remarkable there than in countries where the Church and State are united , or arc identical . What tho Federal Government
most intcrlcrcs with , mid interferes with in the worst manner , is tho import trade . The export trade is entirely free , but borrowing the policy o £ Europe , which niised a revenue by taxing imports , — the State , filling its colters , and at the same time gratifying national animosities , while it conforrcd monopolies on some of its own subjects , —the Government of the United States ' raises a revenue by import duties on several articles . It pretends , as England pretended , to protect native industry by taxing foreign industry . Like France , \ t imposes heavy import duties on articles which can be and are made at home . It hits n vast nnd costlv
establishment to collect this revenue and continues the . restrictions on fhis portion of industry . Herein it , emulates tho old Governments of Europe . It borrows their policy Jind shuros the opprobrium which is now jnsll ' y heaped on nil Governments which impose restrictions on I mile . The worst and most lnist . ' liirvous regulations of tho Federal Government aiv the custom laws , by which its revenues arc chiefly raised , and which nre defended by those who still cherish the old protective policy of Europe . Its ment , in comparison to
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 28, 1858, page 867, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/ldr_28081858/page/11/
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