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^ , " What are they doing in France ? " was asked with some anxiety at the beginning of the week , and each day since ; but the anxiety of the curious public has been dulled by the continuance of risk , and new topics have diverted attention—the winner of the Derby , the arrival of the Nepaulese Ambassador , the Lincoln divorce , the last Irish murder . " The last Irish murder" !—that has created unexpected interest . The causes are of the standing kind—the rudeness of the agricultural population , the severity of the victim as a land agent , and the custom of the country . Yet the public feeling is not hardened against horror : and even an official , the Coroner whose jury sat upon the body , is impelled to come forth and call upon the Times to drag out the whole of the facts . Perhaps the reason for this unusual interest about an event not unusual , arises from the fact , that the causes of these crimes in Ireland are becoming more clear . Such calamities are felt to be more shocking as we learn more and more to consider them the gratuitous results of bad arrangements and neglect . The reviving sense of horror is a wholesome one . A cognate feeling is extending to this country , where the struggles of labour are obtaining much increased attention . The incendiarism of our agricultural districts does not create the vague fear of revolutionary violence which attended the demonstrations of " Swing ; " but rather is it regarded as a sign of a social disease not unlike that which occasioned the 45 th of Elizabeth . When the Draconian severity of the original Poor Laws was found to have no effect in suppressing agrarian crime and vagrancy , it occurred to the legislators of that time , that perhaps the violence of the poor m ght be prevented if they were set to work for their living . So likewise in our own day , we are beginning to conjecture , that if the agricultural labourers really had their fill of work and food , the less orderly amongst them might not divert their leisure by making bonfires of hayricks . Be the country " prosperous" or not , there can be no doubt that the pressure of numbers is increasing amongst the poor . We see it in this incendiarism , in the contest to reduce wages among the iron workers , in the Nottinghamshire efforts to send the poor into the towns , in the number of our London needlewomen . Mr . Miles ' s attempt to mitigate the pressure of destitution among females , by a Parliamentary measure to favour the emigration of pauper children , is rather a sign of this awakened feeling than a promise of any effective plan . Mr . Hawes ' s easy palaver about the equality of the sexes in the current emigration , is a sign of the little concern which Government feels for the actual wants of the People . The Protectionist discussions kept up in both Houses partake of the same trifling . No one in [ Town Edition . ]
Parliament is really grappling with this subject . On the contrary , so far as Parliament is concerned , its principal relation to the working classes , at present , lies in the contest over the Short Time Act . Parliament and the factory hands are haggling about the compromise of t < vo hours a-week ; and it is clear that the Legislature can only revoke that fraction of time from the working classes , on behalf of the manufacturers , at the expense of creating a very ill feeling . Meanwhile , the working classes are making an endeavour to take the improvement of their condition into their own hands . The banding of labourers in the Chorlton Mills , under the intelligent brothers Morris , —whose plan is so well described by the able correspondent of the Daily News , —is a species of organization after Carlyle ' s suggestion , on the military pattern . The " Progressive Society of Joiners" Liverpool follows the fashion sanctioned by Professor Maurice in London . The admirable letter of Professor Newman , in our Open Council , is another pregnant sign of the progress which public knowledge is making on this subject . That there should be differences of opinion , that numbers of points should remain to be mutually explained , is neither surprising nor to be regretted . Where opinion bubbles up as it now does on this subject , so rapidly and in so many quarters at once , such diversities are not only inevitable but have an advantage in themselves — they impart zest and animation to the discussion . Unity of doctrine will come by degrees . Meanwhile the movement is so rapid and yet so steady in its advance , that our surprise is only exceeded by our satisfaction . It is among the public , too , that a practical comprehension of the expediency and feasibility of sanitary reform is really gaining ground towards practical results . The events of the week illustrate the contrast between the public and the officials on this point . A deputation represents to the Chancellor of the Exchequer the public conviction that the Window Tax ought to be abolished , and that any financial difficulty attending the abolition can and must be overcome , for the sake of the sanitary advantages : the Chancellor of the Exchequer represents the obstinate official conviction that the imgossibility of any change far exceeds the expediency , o with the Interments Bill : while we see the ofcials shillishallying , the Common Council advances half way with a plan of its own , which is , m some respects , an improvement on the official plan ; and the deputies of the Protestant Dissenters heartily advocate the main principle . # Religious movements have subsided into mildness . The Court of Common Pleas has negatived the application of the Bishop of Exeter , to set aside l the judgment of the Privy Council in the Gorham case . The National Society is making advances towards a compromise with Government on the disputed subject of the management clauses . In the ceconomic world , perhaps the moat
striking event is the transmission of something like a challenge to Mr . Cobden . As it stands it is rather an awkward affair for the popular statesman . In his onslaught on Sir James Brooke , Mr . Cobden charges that gallant adventurer ' s defender , one Captain Aaron Smith , with flagrant acts of piracy . Mr . Smith sends a " friend" to Mr . Cobden ; which friend Mr . Cobden declines to see , until he shall be assured of the gentleman ' s " respectability . " " This pounds , shillings , and pence" view of the affair affords that mediator opportunity for some sarcasm , which he winds up by a threat that , if Mr . Cobden were to repeat his aspersions anywhere but under the shelter of Parliamentary privilege , he should receive personal chastisement ! Mr . Cobden hints at the police , but invites disproof of the charge j which the friend somewhat moodily supplies ; clenching Mr . Cobden ' s offer to retract . The Nepaulese Ambassador has come , and has been received in a characteristic manner—with a demand from the Custom House officers to look into his baggage . His Nepaulese Excellency , however , had in store a most unusual and effective retort . He had brought over a vast amount of valuable and interesting presents ; he absolutely declined to make any . distinction between the presents for Queen Victoria—which Queen Victoria ' s officers graciously offered to admit free of duty—and all the rest of his baggage : and he threatened not to enter at all , with any of it , but to go back , presents and all . This was a powerful appeal to free-trade motives , and it effectually enlightened the understandings of the officials . The Custom House doors were thrown wide open to the muniferous Ambassador , and he entered the land , astonishing the natives with his aspect , his suite , and his presents . With him the vast hippopotamus , whose daily draught of milk is duly noted by the wondering public . Society is divided just now in a keen controversy as to which is the most wonderful animal , the cutoms-vanquishing Ambassador from Nepaul , the ugly serpent-charming lad in his suite , the rnilkswilling hippopotamus , or the winner of the Derby ; for tne last has cleaned out all the knowing sportsmen and , it is said , has enriched divers sagacious footmen and other humble " gents , " possessed with a sounder knowledge as to the capabilities of Voltigeur . i
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No . 10 . SATURDAY , JUNE 1 , 1850 . Price 6 d .
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"The one Idea which History exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity—the noble endeavour to throw down all the barriers erected between men by prejudice and one-sided , views ; and by setting a 3 ide the distinctions of Reliscion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human race as one brotherhood , having one great object—the free development of our spiritual nature . "—Humboldi s cosmos .
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The rumour of war with France is blown over , and French interest is now concentrated in the new Electoral Bill , which is passing through the Assembly : its success certain . No arguments of the Mountain can disturb the foregone conclusions of the men of the Plain . The debate has been most stormy , a violent war of sarcasm and denunciation : de Montalembert and Thiers overflowed with bitter invective and injurious inuendos , and M . Dupin , the President , did not fail to claim his share in the dispute . The violence of the Government xjar * y wa 3 contrasted by the calm and
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News op the Week— Page Germany 222 Protection to British Industry 227 Newman a Phases of Faith 23 . Parliament 218 The Attempt to Assassinate the Divorce Bills 227 St . John's Life in the Levant 2 d 3 An Irish Agrarian Murder 219 King of Prussia 222 Public Accuser of Adulterators ... 223 Grote s History of Greece ¦ *•• «« Labourers Ind the Labour Market .. 219 America 222 Priestcraft Tyranny 228 Books on our lable g W Incendiarism 220 Ethnological and Zoological Curio- Socialism in Strange Places 229 The Lyric Drama - *«>¦> Communism in Manchester 22 U sities 223 Open Council— Portfolio— „ *» , , sir Improvement of Dwelling-houses : Epsom Races 223 Communism and the Commune .... 229 llie Apprenticeship of Life £ db The Window Tax 220 Cobden and Captain Aaron Smith .. 224 liternal I ' unishmem . 230 Advice - »' The Interments Bill 221 The Lincoln Divorce Bill 224 Oxford and the Royal Commission .. 23 ;> Clever Women ~ J < The Gorham Case 221 Murde . s 22 t Letters to Lord Ashley 260 Commrrcial AFFAius-Tlie New Electoral Law iu France .. 2 il Miscellaneous 224 Litkk . vtukb— Markets , Gazettes , Aaveruael taly 22 Z Public Affairs— Ledru Roliin ' s Fall of England 231 ments , &c ^ dS-au
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), June 1, 1850, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1841/page/1/
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