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obstacles wLich had been created by « men who had formed a government without consulting the country , men who had never respected any law , who had taken the most artificial pains to enchain the future so that no amelioration could be introduced . "' { Prolonged interruption . ) . , „ A Voice : » You ought not to hear such words . ' Another Voice : " It is a falsehood . { Prolonged tumult . ) _ . . _ . .,. _ .,. _ ,. _ to violate the law
M . Thiers { to the Left ) : « Try ; try it , and you shall see if we will not do it . { Marked sensation ) But they had determined to remain faithful to the Constitution { whisperings on the Left ) , because it was the ' r 61 e' of their party * to live with every government . ' They had been very scrupulous . They had not dreamed of altering the electoral age , because * the text of the Constitution was opposed' to such alteration ; they had not reestablished the two stages of voting , because the word direct was in the Constitution . They had stuck to the text . But there was no word in the Constitution forbidding them to avail themselves of the guarantee of three years' residence . And ' whatever was not forbidden was permitted . '" { Interruption . ) Many Voices : " And universal ! universal ! That is in the text ? " { Prolonged agitation . )
M . Thiers went on to justify the means they were adopting to " choose" the citizens upon whom they would " confer thp right " of the suffrage . " It was true there would be 4 , 500 , 000 electors not complying wkh the terms of the new law ; but thai number would be lessened by the vote being accorded to the army , to domestic servants , &c . Those who would be excluded would be principally workmen who travelled from town who from the
to town for employment , — « vagabonds ran workroom to the wineshop , the vile multitude : ' * that multitude which had assassinated Bailly , which had applauded the punishment of the Girondins ( which was a crime ) , and , later , the merited punishment of liobespierre , that multitude which had prostrated themselves at the feet of the great conqueror of modern times , and who , in 1815 , put a rope round his statue . " { Triple salvo of applauses from the Right . ) Voices prom the Left : " They were the
Royalists . " M . Napoleon Bonaparte here claimed to speak , but M . Thiers refused to give way , not caring " to see a man who bore an illustrious nime sustaining such opinions in a French Assembly . " M . Bonaparte persisted , and was called to order by the President . He still persisted , however , in the midst of a tremendous uproar and confusion , and , being censured by the Assembly , obtained the right of speaking in his justification : —
M . Napoleon Bonaparte : "M . Thiers has said that it was people who tied a rope to the neck of the statue of Napoleon , to drag it in the mud . I am astonished that M . Thiers , so renowned an historian , does not know that this was done by the Royalist *—{ Long and tumultuous interruption from the Right , applause on the Left . ) Yes , the Royalists , with their friends the Cossacks . The first among these men was M . de Maubreuil . Since , " continued IVL . Bonaparte , " I am reminded of that fatal period of Waterloo , I put this question to you . In face of those memories , is it there { pointing to the Right ) or there { the Left ) that I should place myself ? 1 sit where I ought , defending the people . I had to choose between the conquerors and the conquered of Waterloo ; I have preferred to place myself by tue side of the conquered . "
M . Thiers resumed his speech , and , after some further attacks upon the Mountain , concluded thus : — ' Yes , the Government has taken its precautions ; yes , the army is ready to do its duty ; yes , it has energetic and devoted chiefs ; yes , all that is ready if you do not persevere in your wisdom . There is more . In this unhappy society , where the father sees his children ' s bread perish in his hands , under the menaces of insurrection , these sad words are heard—Since blood must gome day flow on their account , let it be rather now than later . But there is no provocation in that ; it is a cry of despair , the cry of a society at bay . It is the mos * bloody of the accusations against those who have reduced society to this terrible situation . " { Reiterated applause from the Right . )
M . de Flottk resumed the discussion on Saturday , and defended the elections of March and April . He denied that he was the representative of insurrection ; he was there to represent the popular cry for j ustioe , the people ' s demand that those men should be judged who had been condemned without trial . He was sent to protest against this suspension of justice against the prolongation of such an exceptionable state . M . de Flottc reviewed the position of the country . He did not dare to say that the majority of the country was with him or his party . But neither was it with M . Thiers , but certainly against him . In moat times the majority of a country is
content with a slow progress , sharing neither the ardent desires of the men of the future nor the regrets and fears of those who would maintain the past . Between thoeo two irreconcilable parties the constitution stands us mediator . If they destroy that , the people must choose between the two extremes . They arc already passing to the Socialist party . The calm and reasonable character of M . de Flottc ' s speech compelled applause even from the Right . M . ( ini' : vY followed on the same side . M . Lkdn Fauchbr referred to that page of the Gospel in which Satim is described as transporting
Christ to a mountain , and promising him all the kingdoms of the earth in return for an acknowledgment of his power : that is what Socialism does on its Mountain . " He denied that the new law would restrict the right of the suffrage ; it would only restrain its exercise . { General and prolonged laughter . ) The men who would be excluded from the suffrage would be those rolling workmen who know no God , and who live in debauchery and prostitution . ,, After rejecting certain amendments , the Assembly adopted the 1 st article of the bill .
M . Pierre Leroux commenced the discussion on the sixth day , but his speech was continually interrupted by the party of order . He endeavoured to defend Socialism from the attacks of M . Thiers and others , but was prevented from doing so by the President , on the ground that the general discussion was closed . Un the demand of the President , the majority decided that M . Lernux should be no longer allowed to speak . M Dupont ( de Bussac ) pointed out the classes who would be disfranchised by the new law . A young man , would be
qualified by residence in his father ' s house , disqualified for three years if he removed to another canton when he married . A young man leaving his father ' s house in search of work would be similarly disfranchised . Workmen changing their masters would suffer the same penalty . Soldiers on their return home from their conscriptions would have to wait three years before they would have their rights of citizenship . And every one who changed his abode from one canton to another in April , 1849 . would so lose his right of voting in the elections of 1852 , and be disfranchised till the
general elections of Ibbo . M . Leon Faucher and M . de Vatimesnil ( an old Minister of Charles X . ) answered by invectives against the Socialists . The various amendments were then rejected , some even unheard , and the Assembly adopted the 2 nd article of the bill , that fixing three years' residence as the electoral qualification . The debate on Tuesday was but a long and stormy effort of General Lamoriciere , and others of the " moderate " Republican party against the less important provisions of the law . The majority , however , were determined to admit of no alteration , and gave frequent intimations of their impatience of further
dis-. The most noticeable part of Wednesday ' s proceedings was the declaration of M . de La Rochejaquelin of his determination to vote against the bill : — «« The bill , I firmly believe , will violate the constitution . { Applause on the Left . ) Not that I approve of the constitution—I look on it as detestable { loud laughter on the Right ); but that is no reason why I approve of its being violated . " The third article , determining the domicile , was then carried by a majority of 232 , the numbers being —for the article , 410 ; against it , 178 . The main portion of the bill being now disposed of , the remainder will most likely pass without serious opposition .
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ITALY . On the 17 th of May M . Ercole , a Roman , the secretary of Mr . Freeborn , the British Consul , had his home forcibly entered and ransacked by the papal police , in search of political pamphlets or new testaments . The same night a band of ten carabineers broke into th * house of Sijjnor Bonfigli , formerly tutor in the Thro » morton family , and late undersecretary of state , vummaged his books and papers , and carried off many English works , Macchiavelli's Florentine History and a volume of Punch . In a
chemist ' s shop , Piazza Maddelina , seven doctors were listening to a letter which one of them had received , when a spy through the shop window , deeming their attitude suspicious , ran for the police , and had the whole party in prison in ten minutes . A simple police order is now enough to banish any citizen . Vannini , the Tuscan cow-merchant , is ordered off to Florence from his milk-shop in the Piazza di Spagna . The other day , twenty or thirty sbirri passed through the whole length of the Corso , confiscating all the red cloth caps of every kind in the hatters' shops . This is the restoration of ' * order" under Pio Nono .
In virtue of the convention concluded between Austria and Tuscany , Austria will garrison Tuscany with 14 , 000 men , for so long as she may consider it necessary . The Grand Duke is about to visit Venice , to escape the tirst unpopularity of this measure . The Turin papers of the 24 th of May announce that Monaignor Franzoni , Archbishop of Turin was on the previous day found guily of resistance to the laws of the state . The jury was unanimous , and the court sentenced the Archbishop to a month ' s imprisonment and a fine of 500 f .
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GERMANY . The congress at Frankfort remains in the attitude of expectation waiting for the arrival of more plenipotentiaries . The instructions given to the Prussian plenipotentiary , Herr Math is , are to protest agninst the convocation in the form employed by Austria against the presidial authority claimed by Austria ; in fact , he is to do nothing else but
protest ; he is specially instructed to enter on no explanations or discussions . The New German Gazette of the 23 d of May gives a terrible account of the increasing dearness of food in Vienna . The harvest prospects are very bad . The national debt of Austria amounts to 1 , 158 , 000 , 000 Rhenish florins , or £ 115 , 800 , 000 . The expenditure of last year exceeded the income by 140 , 000 , 000 ! - _ M _ ^_ * _^_ ____ ^ ^ . * . 1 ¦ ^ m ^ _ AA ^ * ^ k ^ rffe ^ M A «^ « fe * M ^ 4 «^* **^^ _ a . a _ - _ 1
It appears from the official list that the Russian auxiliary troops employed in Hungary amounted to 270 , 000 , and in Transylvania to 36 , 000 men . 93 , 000 horses were employed in the cavalry and artillery service and for the conveyance of baggage , &c . The charge for maintaining these tToops and their horses on the Austrian territories amounts to 3 , 600 , 000 silver roubles , or about £ 600 . 000 . The Vienna Gazette gives an account of a tumult in the garrison of the newly-recruited Honveds , which parties interested are endeavouring to hush up . A young Hohved , a Hungarian nobleman , who had
been refused permission by his captain to go to a coffee-house , unable to resist the solicitations of some corporal , who promised to be responsible for this petty insubordination , quitted the barracks . The captain , upon this , gave orders that he should be flogged upon his return . The corporals refused to carry out the sentence , and a corporal of the Haynau Regiment of Infantry was summoned from another barrack ; but he had inflicted only a few blows when the young nobleman sank down in a fit of apoplexy . The Honveds rushed upon the captain and put him to death .
Telegraphic advices from Vienna announce the return of the Emperor on the 22 nd of May . The Prince of Prussia was to leave Berlin for Warsaw on the 26 th of May , to meet the Emperor of Russia . The Russian ambassador had already left for the same purpose . The Emperor is expected at Warsaw on the 26 th or 27 th . The King of Saxony will not go to meet him . The Prussian Government is expediting its military preparations . Large purchases of horses for the artillery have been made , the calling in of the recruits has been hastened , the landwehr has been summoned unusually early , and preparations have been generally made , so that within a week 140 , 000 men , fully equipped , can be transported to any part of the Prussian dominions . It is said that this is in
consequence of intimations from Austria , and that a secret treaty has been concluded between Austria and Saxony . The military convention concluded between Prussia and Mecklenburgh-Schwerin on the 22 nd of May , 1849 , is now practically carried out . The troops of the Grand Duchy have been attached to the 7 th division of the Prussian army . The preliminary congress for discussing the proposal to be made by Prussia at the forthcoming congress of the Zollverein , for alterations in its tariff , has concluded its deliberations . The propositions of the Minister of Finance have been agreed to almost without a debate . Not a single concession has been made to the Free-Traders . A protest which they desired to append to the protocol has been rejected by the majority . M ..
__ . . .. , _ , _ The intervention of Prussia in the Grand Duchy of Baden cost 3 , 000 , 000 thalers , or rather more than
£ 400 , 000 . The German patriot Hecker , who was concerned in the Baden insurrection in April , 1848 , has been cited to appear be fore the Court at Manheim on the 1 st of June , to defend an action for 479 , 000 florins , brought against him by the Government on account of his share in the insurrection .
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THE ATTEMPT TO ASSASSINATE THE KING OF PRUSSIA . The King of Prussia seems to have had a narrow escape . The bullet grazed his breast , and glanced off to the lower part of the right arm , where it inflicted a flesh wound . The wound , however , is not dangerous . Max . Sefeloge , the man who fired the pistol , is thirty-one years of age , and was lately a Sergeant ot Artillery . He had been some months ago decidedly deranged , and had been in the hospital of Spandau , but come out uncured . Since that time he has been uni
allowed to lodge in the barracks , retaining his - form and receiving an invalid ' s pension ; but nis conduct continued to evince the derangement of nis faculties . He imagined that he was the inventor ot gun-cotton ; and he had a plan for founding a colon * in concert with the Bey of Tunis , concerning which he has addressed many petitions to the King . < - « course they were not answered ; and it is supposed that he was irritated by this neglect . It was under cover of presenting a new petition that he made tno attempt on the King ' s life .
Notwithstanding the undoubted absence of all political motive , several arrests have been made by the indefatigable and incorrigible police .
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AMERICA . The committee of thirteen , for the conciliation of the disputes on slavery , has reported to the Senate
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222 ® ft « gJCafrgr . [ Saturday , __ ¦ ^ ^ _
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), June 1, 1850, page 222, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1841/page/4/
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