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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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has been in business in the same shop for thirty-seven years . He is a widower , and has onl one child , a daughter , aged about twenty years . His business was carried on in a most liberal style , and he always employed three shopmen . The prisoners were brought up before the county magistrates at Liverpool , on Thursday , and , after hearing the formal charge , the magistrates remanded them until Tuesday next . The Duke of Newcastle . —We exceedingly regret to state that his Grace the Duke of Newcastle still
continues in the same precarious and unsatisfactory state of health as we have already described . Indeed , his recovery is now considered very doubtful . The Earl of Lincoln , Lords Charles , Thomas , and Robert Clinton , and the Ladies Clinton , are unremitting in their attentions to their much-esteemed noble parent . Prayers for his grace ' s recovery are offered up on the Sabbath at Work - sop and other churches in the neighbourhood of Clumber . —Lincoln Gazette of yesterday .
The inquest in the case of the Superb met on Thursday , when several additional witnesses were examined , their testimony being confirmatory of the evidence previously adduced . Fleming , the mate of the wrecked steamer , wished to address the jury , but was refused , an audience . The Attorney-General summed up with great care and impartiality , and the jury having deliberated , returned the following verdict : — "That Isaac Gossett and his wife were drowned in consequence of the wreck of the Superb , on the 24 th ultimo . That the wreck of the Superb was the result of culpable imprudence on the part of Captain Priaulx in taking the Superb in a dangerous place , without knowledge of its ordinary course . That John Fleming , the mate , is guilty of imprudence , in attempting to take the said vessel on that course . "
The ruins of Messrs . Brooks ' s tallow-manufactory , Southwark-bridge-road , were last night still smoking , and great fears were entertained of the fire breaking out again near the adjacent premises . Several firemen are , however , stationed on the spot , ready to render their assistance should they be required , and a plentiful supply of water is at hand . The loss is much more than was expected . Messrs . Brooks ' s property being valued at
£ 5000 . An enquiry took place at the Rising Sun , High-street , Marylebone , touching the death of James Geary , a plasterer , which was said to have taken place in consequence of the ill-usage of Sergeant Bushell and M'Craw . From the evidence given there was not the least doubt that the police had exercised brutal violence towards the unfortunate deceased . After about half an hour's consultation , the jury returned a verdict of * ' Manslaughter against Nathaniel Eaton Bushell ; " and at the same time regretted the inability of the witnesses to identify the other constable engaged in the outrage on the deceased .
A man named John Lambourne was committed to Oxford Castle on Wednesday , for the murder of his wife on the previous Saturday . He had for a number of years treated her with extreme brutality , often beating her with sticks , and with his fists , and more frequently wishing her death . No further intelligence of much value has been obtained regarding the Frimley murder . Two other persons have been taken into custody on suspicion ; a man named Samuel Hurwood , and a woman named Ann Cioucher , who lived with Levi liar wood , the cousin of Samuel . All the prisoners reside at Guildford , and the immediate ground of their apprehension was the fact that the four men were all absent from their homes on
Friday night . Suspected before from their notorious characters , this circumstance naturally increased the suspicion , and their apprehension was at once decided on . The examination of the prisoners has been adjourned till Saturday , the 12 th instant . Two private soldiers of ihe 15 th Infantry , named John M'Farlane , alias M'Fetteu , and Andrew Daly , were yesterday received by the Governor of Bristol gaol , having been brought back from Ceylon in custody upon a charge of murdering , on the 4 th of May , only a lew days before they sailed from England , John Pimm , a policeman of the Bedminster division of the Bristol force . The circumstances connected with the murder
are as follow : —The prisoners , and another soldier of the same regiment , were , on the evening of the 4 ib , " larking " with some girls of the town and creating a disturbance in Thomas-street , when the policeman desired them to be quiet , and ordered the girls to go about their buniness . They did as he directed them , but the soldiers refused to go away , and asked him what business he had to interfere with the girls . He told them that he was a policeman , and said it was his duty to keep the streets quiet ; upon which M'Farlane said , ' Let us murder the villain ; there is no harm in killing a policeman . " They then fell upon him , knocked him down , and commenced beating him with their sticks , and one of them picked up some missile from the street and struck him repeatedly on the head with it , inflicting a severe wound , and rendering him insensible for some minutes . Soon
afterwards assistance was procured , and the prisoners apprehended ; and the next day they were taki n before the magistrates at the Council-house and charged with an assuak . A ser- ^ eant of the regiment , who was present , stated that the prisoners belonged to a company of the regiment which had been ^ draughted for India , and expressed hia belief that they had committed the assault to get sent to gaol so as to avoid being sent abroad—a trick which one of them had twice before successfully played . The magistrates , not considering the wound as likely to prove fatal , determined to defeat the plan , and handed the accused over to their officers , by whom they were sent ou ^ . Subsequently the constable died , and a coioner ' s juiy having returned u verdict of wilful murder against the soldiers , they were sent for back , brought home under arrest , and now aw « it thoir trial at the next assizes for the county of Gloucester .
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CORK INDUSTRIAL WORKHOUSE . The Sheffield experiment is admirably supported by that at Cork , for an account of which we are indebted " to our contemporary , the Daily News . It is a new and most gratifying proof of the extent to which the great questions of industry , produce , and land are forcing themselves on the attention of all parties . Yes , "it moves "; and the feeble , almost the confessedly yielding resistance of objectors and doubters , attests the progress that we are making towards sounder knowledge and practice .
Here , on the ground of the Poor-law , —as we hope to show , if God shall have permitted our labour to proceed , —the Associative idea may be brought to practice , and the very antagonists of Association—antagonists because they do not understand—will learn what that idea is , by working it out for themselves in material practice . The differences in the Cork experiment are just such as were most desirable to test the soundness
of the principle . The industry of the paupers , thus far , has been devoted , in great part ,, to secondary employments—by which we mean , not the raising of produce , nor its simplest preparations for the essential needs of life , but transmutations of raw material into the conveniences of civilized life ; and yet the effect has been still more marked than that at Sheffield in some particulars most intelligible to the public at large . The influence of genuine industrial occupation on the discipline of a huge number of paupers , some thousands , is most striking : they are contented , cheerful , and orderly ! That incalculable moral benefit has been attained
without the slightest addition of cost to the ratepayers , —on . the contrary , concurrently with it , the cost of each pauper has actually been reduced 25 per cent ., and the gross amount of rates has been still more diminished , no doubt in part by the effect of a genuine labour test as a detriment to idleness and an example to industry—consequences which we noted at Sheffield . We assert rather than deny that the blessing of better seasons has contributed to this effect ; but it is always most happy when the laws of man are thus seen working harmoniously with the laws of God to augment the blessings of the earth .
Some time since a deputation waited on the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland to bespeak his attention to various operations going forward towards the improvement of the country , and he was asked to encourage this Cork experiment . He made two objections , —both strictly belonging to the political oeconomy of the old books . He was told that if the Cork workhouse were permitted to develope its industry it might become self-supporting ; to which he objected that it would then interfere with the market of the independent trader . This is a double
fallacy . One half of it has been unanswerably refuted by Matthew Hill , in speaking of labour in reformatory prisons . The dependants of the state , whether paupers or prisoners , must be maintained somehow ; and if they are not permitted to maintain themselves , as the independent citizen may , they must be maintained by the independent citizen through rates and taxes . " And in that form he pays additionally , for the collection of rates and taxes , for the paupers or prisoners who arc such through the inefficiency of the corrective
process , and for other sources of national loss . The other half of the fallacy is peculiar to Ireland : the thing which prevents the development of industry in Ireland is the triple want of tranquillity , capital , and example . For those wants genuine industry and trade are not redundant , as in England , but ; deficient , as compared with population and land ; and , therefore , the operation which is now carried on in the ( Cork workhouse , without the aid of Lord Clarendon , is of the precise kind to supply the triple want , and so really to do that which the poor-law of'Elizabeth
something like the national workshops of France . Now , we do not accuse Lord Clarendon of sharing the dishonesty which ascribes those " workshops " to Louis Blanc ; who has incontestably proved that he was not answerable for them . They were established by M . Marie , an opponent of Communism , either in the panic-stricken canting wish to anticipate the cry of the hour although opposed to his own convictions , or else with the still more dishonest intention of anticipating some Associative establishment , and thus securing that apparent failure which would crown his treacherous
subserso wisely proposed to do—to set the poor on work . And , not only will it check pauperism , but it must also most powerfully aid the development of industry and trade , by eking out the deficient capital in one of the readiest temporary modes , by encouragingtranquillity , and by upholding a practical example . It will not " interfere" with trade and industry , but powerfully encourage , support , and help them . The other objection made by Lord Clarendon was , that if he were to fall in with the wishes of the deputation , he would be making the workhouse into
viency . The workshops of France should be called Marie ' Folly , or Marie ' s Fraud . We say that we do no not suspect Lord Clarendon of any fraudulent knowledge in re-uttering that forgery ; but what he did mean , of course , was , that , to obey the wish of the deputation , would be to set up an Associative establishment . Now , that is true , but the example cited by Lord Clarendon is false : the workshops which failed were Anti-Associative j the Cork experiment , which is advancing so successfully , is truly Associative . Lord Clarendon is right : he has stamped with its true character the experiment now rising to refute his fears .
We might hesitate to reproclaim the viceregal verity , lest the promoters of the Cork experiment should be alarmed by the word Associative ; but we do not hesitate , because the practical success is too obvious to the promoters , too justly gratifying to their pride , too immediately satisfactory to the ratepayers , for them to be frightened off by a word . We also perceive that that once terrible word , —
once whispered only to be denounced , —is now growing familiar in Parliament and in Town Council , in Viceregal presence and in parish meetings ; familiar , and daily less mistrusted ; nay , even in the minds of those not yet quite converted , it is allied with the newest , best , and most hopeful ideas of improvement . It is no longer frightful , but only too promising , too poetically attractive . We shall see : we have Lord Clarendon ' s
authority for saying that the Cork experiment is of the Associative nature , and we are willing to let it illustrate the truths of Association to vouch its promises . The Cork guardians , with the sanction of the Irish Poor-law Commissioners , are about to add a farm to their establishment—so much has their practical success advanced beyond Lord Clarendon ' s henlike alarms ! The experiment , therefore , is not only brought to bear upon the organization of industry , but upon the land j and thus is it carried
to the very basis of industry and of Social existence . The intelligence of the Cork guardians is a most encouraging public fact : they and the Sheffield guardians are truly performing the most noble work which can be rendered by the patriot of our day—leading the people from bondage to the promised land . While others are talking and writing they are doing . Mr . Toulmin Smith has a right to point to both these examples of local intelligence and energy taking the lead in the work of the day . And be this fundamental truth ever borne in mind , — that while the competitive
market in secondary employments may be overstocked , until " redundant population" finds industry fail to attain even the promise of " the curse , "'—we are using the orthodox language of authority in theology and ceconomy — industry actually employed in creating produce , and in its primary preparation for human wants , can never be redundant . In primary produce , " plenty" is always a blessing . The Cork guardians , therefore , are adding to their most interesting and intelligent experiment that sound basis on which the sagacious Yorkshirernen founded their experiment at Sheffield .
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SATURDAY , OCTOBER 5 , 1850 .
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TfMt Malts .
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There is nothing so revolutionary , because there is nothing so ¦ unnatural and convulsive , as the strain to keep things fixed when all the -world is by the very law of its creation in its eternal progress . —Db . Arnold .
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THE SCHOOL SCANDAL AT WOOLWICH AND CAitSIIALTON . Pfjm'ktual failure waits on endeavour that refuses to recognize fact ; and one of the most lamentable instances of this choice to go wrong is exhibited in the low state of education , even among our wealthier classes , who might command every
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Oct . 5 , 1850 . ] Qt , l&t % Z&XltX + 657
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 5, 1850, page 657, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1855/page/9/
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