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A fearful outrage by a band of Irish immigrants took place in Leeds last Saturday , in the course of which a beer-shop was sacked , its inmates maltreated , two policeofficers frightfully beaten , the arm of- one being broken , and the skull of the other fractured , and an inoffensive Englishman so injured , that he expired on Thursday . Eight persons are in . custody for the part they have taken in the riot , the origin of which is not explained . A daring attempt was made upon the life of a servant girl near Jamesbridge , Wednesbury , on Sunday week . The girl had been left alone in the house , her master and mistress having gone from home . Soon after seven o ' clock in the evening , the dog in the yard made a great noise , and she went out , taking a candle with her . When
she had driven the dog into his kennel , and was returning into the house , a man jumped over the palings , and caught hold of her by the hair of her head with his left hand . She was about to make an alarm , when he took a large knife out of his pocket , and said he would kill her . The dog kept jumping up against him at the time . He cut her across the throat , inflicting a wound about two inches and a half in length . While he was in the act , she extricated herself from his grasp , and got out of the yard into the road and made an alarm . Her cries were heard by some persons residing in a house a short distance off , when assistance was procured , and the fellow was apprehended immediately . He has been commited for trial .
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The general meeting of the Tenant League will be held in the Music-hall , Dublin , on the 27 th instant , " to consider the bill to be laid before Parliament , and the plan of policy for the guidance of the business of the League in and out of Parliament . " The notification states that" business of the very highest importance will have to be considered . " The usual weekly meeting of the association was held at Conciliation-hall , on Monday , Alderman Moran presiding . The chairman handed in his own subscription of £ 5 . Mr . John O'C > nnell : That is handed in as "
Russell " money . { Loud cheers . } The honourable gentleman then read a letter from Belfast , enclosing £ 2 , which the writer designated " Russell" money . Some other subscriptions were handed in , after which Mr . J . O'Connell proceeded with the speech of the day , in which he recommended the people of Ireland to call upon their representatives , and demand that they shall be prepared and ready to resist the Government in any attempt at persecution . ( Loud cheers . ) Why not , before Parliament assembles , have a meeting in Dublin of Irish members to express their sentiments on the subject ? { Hear , hear . ) The rent for the week , £ 17 , was announced amidst loud
cheers . . The Marquis of Waterford had an interview with a deputation of his tenantry in the north of Ireland , at Newtownlimavady , one day last week , which lasted several hours , and the interview was private ; but it was understood that his lordship received the deputation in the kindest manner , and promised that he would himself inspect the farm of each tenant , and closely see into their condition , and give every fair consideration to their
cases . The parties who have shown a disposition to promote flax cultivation in Ireland , as a means of ameliorating the condition of the Irish peasantry , have received an assurance from the Board of Trade , that a charter of incorporation will be granted to them as soon as they shall be enabled to present feasible plans for the commencement of their operations . Four armed men went to the lands of Ballyweskill , near Leinster , on Thursday week , where they expected to find a farmer named Stanton , who fortunately left the
field a few minutes previously ; being disappointed , one of the party fired two shots from a double-barrelled gun at one of the horses which was working in the field , and killed him on the spot . The ruffians , not satisfied , beat Stanton ' s son , who was in the field , in a most brutal manner , and only ceased when they thought the young man was dead . The party were in no way disguised , and after the occurrence walked away quite leisurely in the midst of a thickly-populated district . The cause assigned for this outrage is , that Stanton bid for some land which those murderers thought he had no right
to do . The Limerick papers contain an accou nt of a terrific storm which raged over that city on Monday night . There was a spring-tide in the Shannon , and the wind being W . N . W . the water rose to an unprecedented height , broke down the banks , and flooded all the lower parts of the city and the surrounding country . Ihe list of casualties is most distressing . A poor woman was drowned by the inundation , and several persons are missing . The shipping in the river suffered much damage . Several small vessels were sunk , many houses in the best parts of the city were nearly stripped and chimneys blown down ; while in the humbler parts the damage done by the storm was most serious , lowards five o ' clock on Tuesday evening the storm had partially abated .
A young woman named Dvvyer , sister of William Dwver , who was transported for sheep-stealing at Thurles Quarter Sessions , wont on Friday evening to the house of the principal witness on the trial , and on meeting him pulled a pistol out of her breast and fired . The shot fortunately only slightly grazed the arm of the amazon ' a intended victim , and she elected her escape . Search was made at her house by the lemplemore police on hearing of the outrage , but she had taken to the hills , and , though a vigilant pursuit was instituted , she succeeded up to Monday in eluding all attempts to arrest her . On Monday morning she was taken prisoner , and in the course of the day was placed in the bridewell of Templemorc . Her brother whs a comfortable fur me r , and she was the affianced bride of a young man in the neighbourhood , to whom she was shortly to be marncU , heVbrother giving her a dowry of £ 100 .
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This page is accorded to an authentic Exposition of the Opinions and Acts of the Democracy of Europe : as such , we do not impose any restraint on the ¦ utterance of opinion , and . therefore , limit our own responsibility to tne authenticity of the statement .
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We have now given in the Leader of Oct . 12 , and of Nov . 9 , translations of two documents issued by the Central European Democratic Committee to the Peoples of Europe ; and we have at length an opportunity of offering some remarks upon them . The originals first appeared in the Proserit , a French periodical , instituted contemporaneousl y with the formation of the committee , and intended as its special organ of publication , but for the editorship of which the committee , as such , is not responsible .
The first of these two documents is an appeal to Democracy to organize itself through Europe . The movement of 1848 carried everything before it for the time , by its simultaneousness , the result of a common instinct and of the force of example ; it was afterwards conquered in detail by the allied forces of reaction , —by Prussia , in Saxony and Baden ; by Russia , in Hungary ; by Austria and France , in Italy—for want of a common understanding and organisation . In France , Germany , Austria , Italy , promises given with a mental reservation , under the sanction of the convenient moral law of Jesuitism , cheated the Peoples , not duly alive to the unity of their common cause and to theimutual hts and dtiesinto allowing their armed
r rig u , forces to be used to destroy the liberty and independence of their neighbours . Of these broken pledges there is no longer any denial in the press of this country , althoug h too many of our own journals sought at the time to inculcate a faith in them which they now find it necessary and even convenient to repudiate . No other year in European history can show so universal and shameless a system of deception , practised by any party to subdue its opponent , as was put into play in 184 S by the reaction throughout Europe to conquer the revolution . Of the powers that govern states and control crises , i . ying is assuredly in these days the greatest and the most successful ; let the worshippers of fact fall down before it .
The causes of their defeat cannot have escaped the consideration of democratic parties , nor especially of their chiefs , who are driven into a common exile to discuss them together ; they point clearly to the necessity of that common understanding and organization which the members of the European Democratic Committee propose to the party ; their appeal must meet with a response ; if we would appreciate its importance aright we must view it as the first step in a new policynot new in conception , but in probable speedy realization—of Democratic Europe .
The international solidarity of the popular cause is a lesson that late events have fully taught ; but there are still , according to the opinion of the Central Committee , two great obstacles to the internal organization of the Democracy of each nation . These obstacles consist in exaggerated notions of individual right , and in the narrow exclusiveness of theories , both of which prevent the unity of purpose and the discipline necessary to a complete organization . In countries where , as in Italy , national independence is the dominant idea , the organization and discipline of a great National Democratic Party may attain to considerable perfection ; in countries like Germany and France , where the People is split up into havin
social and political schools , g undoubtedly great principles in common , but without the disciplinary influence of an immediate common practical object , the same organized unity , the same mode of endeavouring to realize it , are impossible . The committee , at the same time that it points out the obstacles , and insists on the duty and necessity of combating them , recognizes , as its second manifesto , the essential difference of the two classes of cases , by the different plans which it suggests for the formation of the National Committee , to be elected in each country by the Great Democratic Party , united in all its sections by a common ground of principle , and whose delegates would constitute the Permanent Central Committee of European Democracy .
" There are two ways , " it is said , "by which the National Committees may be formed . In the first , the initiative comes from above , and embraces the masses ; in the second , from below , and creates a unity by elected chiefs . Both are goad : the selection ought to depend upon the peculiar circumstances in which each country is placed . " With Peoples whose organization is already advanced—with whom the absence of irritating questions , and the proclamation of a national object , render adhesion easy to foresee , the first method is the most expeditious . Let some known and devoted men embody in themselves the national mission ; let them boldly become its interpreters . With their hands upon their hearts , free from
the bases of principle which may form a common ground for the attempt . The second contains , as we have seen , practical suggestions for accomplishing that organization ; and it adds a definition of the duties of the existing committee , and of the immediate object of the organization , which we subjoin as the best test by which to judge the aim and character of the movement . " To give a uniform impulse to the great European organization , to originate the apostleship of ideas which
ought to bring into a close union the different members of the human family : to provide the necessary guarantees , so that no revolution shall betray or desert the banner of fraternity by isolating itself : so that no revolution shall ever violate by a fatal ambition the rights of internal life belonging to each People ; and that no revolution shall die from abandonment under the concentration of leagued aristocracies ; these are the duties of the present committee . "
The Democratic organization which is thus being attempted must incur , as a matter of course , the peculiar hostility of all reactionary parties , for the simple reason that its object is their common defeat , and that it is peculiarly adapted to effect its declared purpose ; to those also of our own countrymen who desire peace without too much regard for the price at which it is purchased , and without , as it appears to us , an enlightened conception of the conditions necessary to its permanence , the attempt will be regarded with fear , if not aversion , because it leads to European war . But granting , as we are bound to do , to every party the right of organizing itself and of preparing its own success by all honourable
means , it must be acknowledged to be as a plan of ^ organization eminently anti-anarchical in its tendencies ; aud it has a merit which ought to recommend it to all Englishmen contemplating the possibility of its success , in this , that it seeks to provide beforehand the best possible guarantees against the dangers of a military Democracy in any country perverting the results of its own victory , by a criminal ambition , into an interference with the independence of other nations . Englishmen do not easily admit the necessity of a European war ; but , in spite of their conservatism , it would not take long to reto
concile them to a free and united Germany opposed the encroachments of the Czar , and to an Italy capable of defending her boundaries from all aggression from without , both mutually pledged with each and with . France to a strict observance of their national independence , constituting a real and permanent balance of power in Europe , wanting no armed forces to keep down the rebellion of their own subjects ; and , therefore , ready to cooperate in a mutual reduction of armaments , and in the secure attainment of a permanent peace , watched over by that Congress of Free Peoples which Peace Congresses and Democratic Committees alike
anticipate and desire . We have yet more to say upon the official acts of the Central European Democratic Committee , but we must reserve the conclusion of our remarks until another opportunity , to make room for their address to the Germans , which has just appeared in the Proserit of the 17 th instant . It has a peculiar interest at the present time , when the hollow pretences of the Prussian Court have at length become so palpable as to undeceive even its warmest friends amongst the Liberals of our country . real
The opinions which we expressed last week upon the tendencies of Prussian Cabinet manoeuvres are being already confirmed by the results . Our appreciation of them , and of their immediate and ulterior consequences , was , though less bold and positive , essentially the same as that contained in the Manifesto which , we now produce , and which we recommend to the attentive perusal of all who know the necessity of correct elementary views of the principles and objects of parties , to enable them to disentangle the web of modern political Machiavellism . ______
all egotism and personal vanity , let them proclaim thornselves organizers ; they will be followed . Whenever a power reveals itself by truth , by sacrifice and determination , it is acknowledged and accepted . « ' With Peoples , on the other hand , whoso elements being more divided by the multitude or rivalry of schools , unification cannot bo quickly enough accomplished , let the movement begin from below ; let it begin on every point where there is a germ of devotcdncRs and energy to be found —wherever men moot who wish for good , and believe both in tlio future of the cause and in themselves , lft that organization at once commence . Let them understand each other ; let them rally themselves together , and giadually propagate discipline and organization . The first munifostn enforces the necessity of organization , states the difficulties to be overcome , and lays down
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THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL DEMOCRATIC COMMITTEE . TO THE GeHMANS . Germans I—You have proved , by your insurrection of 1848 , that you were capable of being inspired by the great principles of liberty which have illumined the world . You have proved it by the blood of your martyrs fallen in the ranks of all the Peoples ; and since then the heart of Germany has never ceased to beat in unison with that of Poland , of Hungary , of Italy , and of France .
You were defeated then becatise you did not sufficiently understand that the fall of your numerous despots could alone bring about your national unity , that a Democracy , one and indivisible , could alone give you liberty and independence , that the German nation could not purchase its existence at the cost of other nationalities , that it could not be legitimately constituted except by the European union of other Peoples , all equally independent and free . The lesson has been cruel ; for the « e despots , whom you have left on their thrones , have sold you to Russia . Yes , the division of your country , the destruction of your liberty , the ruin of your independence , all that oppresses and revolts you , you owe to these despots become the vassals of the Czar .
What are the small armies of your lesser Princes but so many divisions of the great Russian army which prepares to invade you i What are theso Austrians , these Bavarians , these Prussians who concentrate their forces but so many Russians in different uniforms and under different flags ? And is it not from St . Petersburg that is issued the word of command ? If it were not that you are yet ready for a supremo effort of resi . stance , it might b « said that Russia him conquered Germany , and that Europe is Cossack , from the Volga to the Rhine , from the Dunube to the borders of the Ualtic . lln not deceived : this question of Schleswig , where so much generous blood nan been shed—this question of Hesse , where has been offered the memorable example of
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AND ITS OFFICIAL ACTS .
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Nov . 23 , 1850 . ] 3 Cf > 0 SLetttieV . 825
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 23, 1850, page 825, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1860/page/9/
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