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Mr . Dell , represented as being the " sole spiritual directors and advisers of the community ; " by the surgeons , Mr . Taylor and Mr . Parrott , who attended the convent ; and by the superior , Clarissa Noel . Affidavits had also been made by Josephine Laguesse , the sister superior of the convent of Notre Darne , at Blackburn , and of the ladies therein , all of whom had been members of the institution at Claphatn ; and Iphigenie de Paiva , the sister superior of the convent Of Notre Dame , at Liverpool , and three ladies residents therein , who had also been residents of the same institution ; all denying in the same terms the truth of any portion of the libels . Mr . Serjeant Sh . ee applied for and obtained a rule to show cause why a criminal information should not be filed against David Scott , the printer and publisher of the Morning Advertiser , for the above-mentioned libels . The second application , supported by the same affidavits , was made for a rule to show cause why a similar information should not be filed against the publisher of the Morning Herald for an alleged libel of a similar nature , published on the 20 th of March last . The libel in the Herald is in the shape of a commentary on an article in the Dispatch , which appeared on the 15 th of March . Thus the story of the alleged immorality found its way into the Morning Advertiser on the 12 th ; and on the 15 th it was modified and apparently explained in the Dispatch , and on the 20 th commented on , and the explanation rejected by the Morning Herald . The rule was granted . As a commentary upon the above , we reprint from the Times the following letter in defence of Nunneries by Lady Arundell of Wardour : — "Sir , —Unbecoming asitwouldhave been on nay part to have made the slightest attempt to stem the torrent of abuse which has been so unjustly showered on all that is dearest and most sacred to us Catholics , I -cannot allow the day to arrive on which Mr . Lacy ' s bill against our religious houses will be brought before Parliament without making at least one effort for the sake of the dear inmates of those abodes of peace and charity , by calling on the more generous members of the House of Commons for protection and justice . " To Catholic ladies , who , like myself , have sisters and relatives in convents , it is , indeed , humiliating and most painful , that in England , hitherto considered the land of liberty , we should be forced to exert our influence to save those loved ones from the grossest Insults * the most unmanly attempts now being made to deprive them of a security which even the meanest women slaves have insured to them . Can it be possible that to the members of the House of Commons Haeroic virtue is so hateful that no insult is too great to offer those who dedicate themselves to its constant practice ? Is divine charity so distasteful to English Protestants that ladies by devoting their lives to its various duties should become objects so contemptible that they are to be deprived by law of the liberty granted to the meanest of their sex , even to the most abandoned ? Oh , that such a reproach on Englishmen should go forth to the world ! Hatred of Catholicity is a poor plea for so cowardly , so wanton , an insult to ladies . " Our countrymen must remember that those much abused convents are places in which nearly all the Catholic ladies have received their education , and though some few may have no relatives among the religious , yet the affection these bear their angelic teachers is the tenderness that persons will ever feel towards those whom from their earliest childhood they have respected and loved for their many virtues , their enduring kindness . Little do Protestants know the feelings of joy and happiness with which a lady returns to visit the convent where she lias been educated ; these are ever the brightest spots in her life , even be her lot among the happiest of this world . " To Catholics , who know by faith the day will come when these ourspotl ess sisters will be fearfully avenged , and that those who now ho cruelly insult and calumniate them will have to exclaim , in the language of scripture— ' We fools esteemed their life marinesn and their end without honour . Behold how they an ; numbered among tin : children ol ( iod , and their lot is among the saints ;'—that knowledge urges uh the more to iai . se our warning voices , and call on those who know them not to beware how they insult them . " Hut if that consideration has no weight , oh let me implore those members who have sisters and daughters to ask themselves , ore they treat with inmilt our sintern and daughters , what , would they feel were we to do the like to them ? Would they coiiHider any language too strong for their juat indignation , and arc our feelings one iota le . su keen because , we look on tho . se dear ones an the loved of ( Jod ?
" Hut not to dwell at greater length on Huh too painful subject , allow me , who have been entirely educated lii a convent , and through lifts in habitH of intimacy with nuineiouH members of religious communities , to ask those who credit their calumniators , liovv in it , if any one of the many charge ban the slightest foundation , that those who like me have the snout experience should ever bo the first to place their children in these very convents ? What could any one desire more thun that their daughters should be instructed by ludica of birth and the highest
education , who are actuated not by worldly gain , but solely by the love of God and their neighbour ? And here let me incidentally remark , that if Protestants would only reflect on these motives the prejudice regarding the apparent insignificance of the pension would at once be removed . " The tenderness I feel , for my children is , I hope , quite as strong as the warmest hearted mother can know , yet the sacrifice of parting with a daughter for a time I cheerfully make , rather than deprive her of that which I know will cause her to bless the parents who deny themselves a present pleasure to ensure her the lasting advantage of a convent education . " Should these few remarks lead some of our more generous antagonists to hesitate ere they inflict cruel injuries on those who have never given them a moment ' s pain , I shall be more than rewarded for what it has cost me to address them in so public a manner . " With many apologies for trespassing so long on your courtesy , " I am , your obedient servant , Tekesa Arundell . " Wardour Castle , May 3 . " Archbishop Hughes , of New York , will leave Rome without the coveted red hat . The Bishops of America have decided that they can do without a Cardinal . The famous editor of the New York Herald is very magniloquent on the subject , aad consoles the Archbishop in a strain of questionable familiarity , coupling himself and theno ^ -appointed Cardinal in a -way quite jocose to common mortals .
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A CONSTITUTIONAL CRISIS IN NEW YORK . The most interesting news from America is , that a small constitutional crisis was at its height when the Africa sailed on the 23 d of April . In our last number we mentioned the scheme of Mr . Seaward for enlarging the Erie Canal , which connects the Western States with the Atlantic , by raising a loan ; of 9 , 000 , 000 dols ., so that the works may be carried on with vigour , instead of applying the surplus revenues of the canal as they accrue , the plan hitherto adopted . A bill to authorise this proceeding catne before the Senate , and was opposed by the Locofocos , on the ground that it was " unconstitutional . " They said that the loan was illegal , that the constitution guarded against involving the State in debt , and that no obligation to pay the debt contracted
would remain after the work was finished . On the other hand , it is contended , that the constitution enjoins the completion of the enlargement , directs that the surplus revenues of the canal shall be applied for that purpose , but that it does not state how they shall be applied ; whether as they accrue , yearly , or whether they shall be mortgaged for the payment of the necessary works—the proposition embodied in the bill . The partizans of the bill also contend , in opposition to its opponents , that not the State , but the revenues of the canal , will be pawned to pay the debt . The opposition are supported in its views of the illegality of the scheme by the opinion of the Attorney-General ; and the advocates of the bill have fortified themselves by obtaining the sanction of Daniel Webster .
Each party has endeavoured to place the other in th « invidious position of violators of the constitution . That instrument provides that a quorum of three-fifths is necessary to the legal enactment of any financial measure ; and that a majority of two-thirds is necessary to the passage of certain other measures . When the bill came on for a third reading in the Senate , on the 17 th of April , the opponents of the scheme found themselves in a minority ; and they adopted a questionable expedient to get rid of the bill . Twelve senators resigned , and a thirteenth
vacated his seat , thus making the senate incapable ot legislation . Thin , it is urged , was a violation not only of the spirit of the constitution , but of the fundamental republican principle , that the will of the majority shnll be law . But by this evasion the opponents of Mr . Howard frustrated his views , and that satisfied them . The consequence of this policy of the opposition was , that both Seriate and Assembly at onco adjourned ; an extra sewnon wan called , and special elections ordered to replace the members who resigned . The bidden meaning of all this appears to be , that the nine millions are looked upon by the opposition as corruption money , to be expended in maintaining the Whigs in power ; while their opponents maintain that tlie Loeofocos have been bought off by tli ' , - monopolists and speculators . One thing onl y in < : l <; ar , tlmt the resignations , though not unrnnstiliitioio ) in fact , were ho in effect ; for they were false to lh <; ini < : republican principle , and , if a like policy wi r <; carried out often , constitutional government would b < - impossible .
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THE SLAVE TRADE AND THE BRAZILS . It is no small consolation to those who believe that the trade in slaven is injurious to the grand interests of humanity to find that the Brazilian Government has resolved in earnest to suppress the abominable traffic ; and it is no small annoyance to find likewise that obstacles of a uingular nature are thrown in the wuyof that suppression by the Hritish Government . For a long time there has been a tendency to
discourage the slave trade under tho Brazilian flag by the Imperial Government . It is very curious , indeed inexplicable , that while the slave trade was in full vigour the British Government never cut out a slaver from a Brazilian port ; but that now , when Brazil in good faith is acting energetically in suppression of tin : tniflie , the . British Minister should be instructed so to net as to prevent , if possible , the enlightened Brazilian policy .
A writer in the editorial columns of tho Daily Ne . un , who is a master of the subject , has ably laid bare these proceedings . The prem-nt ltni / . iliau Ministry Iiuk boldly entered on tho suppression of the slave trade . It cumu into power in fcjeptembor , 1848 , and the Urwt month * of itu
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! ' ' ' 434 Wfyt ! Le&& * tJ [ Saturday ,
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JUDUK LYNCH IN CALIFORNIA . The Lynrhiiig process continues in full action in and around the . Sacramento . Horse htcaliiig in a capital offence in tin ; golden state . A teamster eaine up to the runcho of Messrs . ( Jage and Almond on th « Hth of March , and informed them that " some jaen were below uttompting to cross tho river with
stock , and were having a h—of a time . " Messrs . Gage and Almond , having keen wits , were naturally impressed with the idea that the men were horse thieves , and they started for the spot . On arriving there they discovered two men , whom they hailed" What horses are those you have ? " They replied that they were some horses of their own , and that they had brought them from Dry Creek .. " Are they all yours ? " said Mr . Gage . They replied , "Yes , all but one . " " When did you leave Dry Creek ? " said Mr . Gage . They replied that they had left there late this afternoon ( Friday ) ; and that they were taking the horses over to the American Fork . The acute Messrs . Gage and Almond , in company with two or three others , saw at once that the horses had been stolen from their own rancho , and belonged to themselves . " God you , you have stolen these horses , " and at once arrested them . The men and horses were then taken back to the rancho , where strict inquiry was instituted . An examination was ma . e of the brands on all the stock , and the brands were identical with those used by that firm , and each and every animal fully recognised not only by Gage and Almond , but by others in attendance . The examination was made at the corral , and the evidence was perfectly satisfactory that the horses had just been stolen . They were perfectly dry and smooth , and exhibited conclusive evidence that they had not been driven any distance . Having proof of the felony to their satisfaction , short work was made of the alleged thieves . The crowd ¦ would not hear of their being tried by jury , but sentenced them by acclamation to be hung . Half-anhour was given them for " preparation" and confession . When this elapsed , the thieves begged hard to " live a little longer . " Their captors gave them five minutes . When the allotted five minutes had elapsed they were told their time had come . Lariats were brought , nooses made , and the wretches hung up . The hanging ceremony took place at twelve o ' clock at night ; and when the reporter of the Sacramento Transcript left the rancho in the morning the bodies were still dangling- to and fro ; while beneath persons were engaged in digging two graves . The men had some ten or fifteen horses in their possession when they were taken , all of which were claimed by Gage and Almond . " One of the reasons , " says the Transcript , " which induced the crowd to be so precipitous in their action was the late escape of Orville Hamilton , who had been tried on the day before for a similar offence , and who , while the jury were out , effected his escape by changing his hat . " California progresses everywhere , if we may believe the Alt a California : — San Francisco is still constantly enlarging her borders , spreading on all sides , up the hills , fillinc ; the valleys , walking out towards and beyond North Beach , towards the Presidio , to the south away towards and at the Mission , and especially into the harbour over the water lots , fast filling up the whole shallow part of the harbour in nearly a straight line from itincon Point on the south to Clark's Point on the east side of the city . Beyond this streets are being constructed , cut throu gh the rock at the base of the steep hills , and fronting the harbour and shipping . Large and well built brick stores now stand where only a few months since the water craft were dashing aside the waters of the harbour with their rushing prows . Two new cities have been incorporated by the present Legislature—Marysville and Nevada . T . he first was not even " a place" one year ago ; now it has a newspaper , a mayor , eight aldermen , and prosperity . But Nevada has been burned to the ground . Several Irishmen were quarrelling in a wooden bowlingalley , and , it is said , one threatened to fire the city : for what reason does not appear . In the middle of the night of the 12 th of March , however , tho bowlingalley was fired , and the flames licked up the whole city in about six hours , ceasing only when there wan nothing more to burn . The striking and singular part of the story io , that one man alone was missing , and he only supposed to have been burnt .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), May 10, 1851, page 434, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1882/page/6/
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