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palace intriguers and influences and " something more , " is another evidence of that solidarity which is to be the future international law . In Germany we see the sentimental tippling enthusiast of the Divine Right , sautS au vin de Champagne ^ entering upon a Royal Progress amidst official felicitations ; shaking hands with " Hanover , " who , though an obstinate old Tory as a Duke , has proved an exception as the tolerably honest German King . Young Austria is caracolling like a lad , to the smiling approval of the parental Nicholas , who looms very large in
the northern horizon . His troops have been soundly thrashed in the Caucasus : a comfortable fact , not only for the sake of brave Circassia , but in that it cuts out work for the Bear that threatens to hug all Europe next year , if report say truly that the counter-revolutionary campaign of ' 52 is already mapped out at Warsaw . Old Radetzky begs for more Croats , stifled as he is by the sullen calm of " Order , " disturbed onl y by the bastinado and the musket . Piedmont is the bugbear of Austria ; so from the Chanceries of Vienna come forged incitations to revolt , said to have been dropped in the streets
of Florence by agents of D'Azeglio . Opposite rumours at present make a second Charles Albert of Victor Emmanuel , already scheming to play a trustful people into the hands of Despotism—on conditions , or , according to official jargon , " finding himself overrun by the Revolutionists , preparing to make common cause with the Defenders of Society . " He is also announced to be arranging a concordat with the Pope . May all such rumours be , as we believe them to be , of Austrian manufacture ! their aim is of course to sow suspicion at Turin . If this young King were to play false , his crown is but a whisp of straw in the coming whirlwind .
At Rome , in the midst of French and Austrian intrigues , Pope and Cardinals roll helplessly to the abyss that will submerge all falsehoods , however sacred , and all tyrannies , however legitimate . The far East is becoming almost as go-a-head as the far West—so literally are extremes meeting ! China is undergoing some revolution , the object of which is said to be to eject the Tatar dynasty ; and some amazing Mandarin is said to have been preaching " self-government" ! A 6 torm in the great , the original teapot of the globe ! The real character of this revolution is little understood through the branching obscurities which invest the central Flowery . Nation ; but it seems to command the instinctive sympathies of the English in the neighbourhood .
Siam goes beyond China . In the person of a young gentleman of forty , Legitimacy has formed an alliance with constitutional Monarchy and education ! The new King has added to the number of constitutional axioms : it is not good , he says , either for King or People , that one will should rule ! Very good , O Siamese ! The most unsatisfactory revolution is that which the Indian Government is about to conduct in the
Deccan . Part of the territory is seized for arrears of tribute , which are to be intercepted in the shape of the Nizam ' s revenue . In short , he is declared bankrupt , and his " estate" is handed over to official assignees . But they only take a part of his territory into their keeping , and that only for a time ; they will be unable to eflVct any real reforms ; they will onl y bring additional bereavement to ( he Nizam , his creditors , and his subjects . In the opposite extremity of the British empire , North America , we see something that promises to be an instrument of incalculable benefit ; to the
Colonies , and to the people of this country : virtually the great railway question seems to be act tied—the railway is to be made ; and if so , while capital and colonists are drawn to the three colonies of Canada , New Brunswick , and Nova Scotia , an opportunity is offered of providing for the labouring poor , while ihe process of improving their condition is carried on at home . JSuch at lean I may be done , if there be but the will .
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CATHOLIC AGITATION IN IRELAND . Preci 3 tlo < l by active preparations , enthusiastic though quiet , imd marked l > y great " Htcadiness , characterized by a triumph at Limerick , which muy be considered the opening buttle of the grout campaign of Catholic agitation , the Catholic Defence A / wiociation has at length presented itself to the first and eminently successful last week to get up an Orango ThroHham Gregg , well known Mr . Cooke placarded the town , declaring that the title oi
Archbishop of Atmagn . belonged alone to Lord George Beresford . To this the Tablet replied : — " Our readers already know that the Primate , the only Archbishop of Armagh ( a certain Lord John G . Beresford , who sometimes receives that title , being the merest of shams and impostors)—the . successor of St . Patrick , the representative of the Holy See and of St . Peter s Chair , the chief teacher of Christianity in this island , authorized and commissioned as such by our blessed Lord and Saviour , has been requested and has kindly
given his consent to occupy the chair . Cardinal Wiseman , and all the other archbishops and bishops in the three kingdoms—not , we repeat , including in that description the superintendents of certain Protestant congregations appointed by the state to receive stolen goods and to teach falsehood , but all the archbishops who are archbishops , and all the bishops who are bishops , have been invited to support his Grace on this occasion , and to lend the weight of their influence and authority to this great event . "
Mr . Cooke was forbidden by the police to post any more of his placards after the first batch , and both himself and his notorious chief Mr . Gregg , having provoked a riot were severely handled by a mob . Mr . Gregg indited another epistle asserting that he had " tickets " ( the Catholics to prevent an Orange riot had adopted the ticket system ) and that he would attend . Early on Tuesday morning the streets near the Rotunda rapidly filled with people , and by eleven o'clock Great Britain-street and Sackville-steet were thronged to excess . Strong bodies of police were on the ground and about 1000 porters from the quays
came up in ranks to assist them in maintaining order . From half-past ten to eleven there were numerous arrivals of the more prominent actors in the great scene—noblemen , prelates , members of Parliament , commoners , and priests . When the doors were opened the body and platform of the Rotunda soon filled . Thresham Gregg , his coadjutor Cooke , and another individual arrived , presented tickets which were rejected , protested against the rejection , and retired escorted by the police amid the hissing and hooting of the crowd . "With this exception the meeting in every respect was dignified and orderly , not a single case of drunkenness occurring during the day .
Viewing the vast assembly within the Rotunda everybody was reminded of the days when Daniel O'Connell guided , excited , and controlled the people . The platform was slightly raised , a gilded chair placed for the distinguished president , and seats around for the lords and prelates in attendance . At ten minutes past eleven o ' clock Lord Gormanstown rose and said : — " My lords and gentlemen , I have the honour to move that the Most Reverend Dr . Cullen , Archbishop of Armagh , and Primate of all Ireland , be requested to take the chair . " The moment the title of the distinguished head of the Irish Catholic Church was heard by the people , the speaker was interrupted by deafening cheers , which were again and again repeated .
Mr . Reynolds , M . P ., then came forward , and was most loudly cheered . He said : — " Fellow-citizens , Lord Viscount Gormanstown has moved that the Most Iteverend Dr . Cullen , Archbishop of Armagh—( loud cheers )—and Primate of all Ireland—( renewed cheering ) —be most respectfully requested to take the chair and to preside over this great meeting of the Catholics of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . ( Loud cheers ) Now , gentlemen , I have used the precise words Lord Gormanstown used in moving the resolution . The Almighty has not blessed his lordship with as good lungs as he has blessed me with — ( lattghter)— and I am , therefore , in seconding the motion
which , as member of Parliament for the city—( cheers ) — the committee have donr me the honour of asking mo to second—I am repeating his lordship ' s words , and having performed that pleasing duty , 1 beg now to congratulate you upon this enormous assemblage , headed by the Primate of all Ireland—( cheers )—surrounded as he i « by the following mitres : —We have present his Grace the Archbishop of Cashel—( loud cheers ) —Win Grace the Archbishop of Tuum—( most vehement and prolonged cheering )—the Lord Bishop of Birmingham—( cheers)—the Lord Bishop of Edinburgh— - ( direr *) —the Lord Bishop of Elphin—( cheers )—the Lord
Bishop of Clogher—( cheers)—the Lord liishop of Killiiloe—( cheers)—the Lord Bishop of Clonfcrt— ( cheers ) —the Lord Bishop of Kuvannah — ( churns )—the Lord Bishop of Cloyne , and the Lord Bishop of Hyderabad . ( Cheers . ) Although there are many dignitaries of the Catholic Church here under the rank of bishops , I will not detain you by enumerating their names . We have on the present occasion the advantage of the presence of many members of the Imperial Parliament of ( ireat Britain and Ireland—( cheers)—and 1 hope those who are present are not the less accept able to you because they belong to the Irish Brigade . ( Loud cheers . )"
" Wo arc nsncmbled here , " Mr . Reynold * continued , " not for the purpoHO of forging chains for any Meet of our fellow-im-n , whether they aro ChriHtiaiiH or no Christians . Wo lire here assembled to protest against an aggression that has been committed on us . and while , in asserting our rights , we aro prepared to maintain the right of every sect of ChriHtiaiiH , wo are equally determined to protect our own . ( Cheers . )" The motion having boon carried by acclamation , Dr . Cullen , Archbishop of Armagh accordingly
took the chair . He delivered a long speech , point ing out how the Catholics had been driven to assum " an attitude of defence ; how the movement was not hostile to anybody but their persecutors ; denying that he had stepped out of the ecclesiastical into the political domain ; and claiming for the meeting that it was purely defensive . - After describing the consequences of the Durham Letter , the mention of which drew down a storm of groans and hisses he said : — " '
" Should we not , however , be thankful to God for having given such a turn to late events ? If we are threatened with the persecution of violence and force an end is put to a more dangerous sort of persecution , ' persecution of false friends , whose smiles and trifling favours were scattered for the purpose of enslaving U g and gradually depriving us of our religion , or our religious rights ; who , under the pretence of being perfectly liberal , would put truth and error , light and darkness on the same footing ; and who to propagate their principles more effectually would take into their own hands the whole education of the rising Catholic generation of the country . ( Hear , hear . )"
He eulogized their defender in Parliament , particularizing Graham and Gladstone , and the latent Catholic force of Ireland . He explained the objects of the Defence Association : — " It will be one of the first duties of this body to cement firmly and permanently the union among all the Catholics of the empire—a union so closely connected with the interests of all , so necessary for our welfare , and even for our existence—a union commenced under such
happy auspices . When we shall be closely united our efforts to redress our grievances will not fail to be effectual ; and here a great field will be opened for the operations of the association . Our poor are to be protected from a heartless proselytism—the faith of the children of the soldier and the sailor is to be preserved—the state of our workhouses is to be examined—a Catholic educatioa is to be obtained for our people . In a Catholic country like this there is a great and perfectly organized system of Protestant instruction . Hundreds of thousands are
expended in promoting a purely Protestant education , whilst the sums given to Catholic schools ( with one exception ) are given only on the condition that the system of the schools which are filled with Catholic children shall be suited to the education of children of every sect who do not frequent such schools , and we are left without any Catholic university . ( Hear , hear . ) But it would be too long to enumerate all our grievances . " By the labours of the association let us trust that they shall be removed , and that we shall be put on a
perfect footing of equality with every other class of her Majesty ' s subjects . ( Hear , hear . ) In tending to this great object , I trust it will be accurately understood that no divine , and no just human , law is to be violated—that the rights of no one are to be invaded , but that , on the contrary , we are to be ready to protect them—nothing is to be done to weaken our allegiance to the Crown , and no insult is to be offered to those who differ from us in religion , or to any of the Protestant inhabitants of the empire . ( Hear , hear . ) vio
" The association must repudiate everything like - lence , threatening , calumny , or misrepresentation . Its arms must be the arms of Catholic truth , prayer , patience , forbearance , justice , and charity . Catholics are continually misrepresented , as if they were the slaves of bigotry and intolerance . Our conduct is to be the best answer to such a chaige . ( ' Hear , ' and cheers . )" On the motion of the Bishop of Elphin , Mr . Sadleir , M . P ., Mr . O'lliggins , M . P ., and Mr . James Burke , were appointed secretaries . A letter was alluded
read from Cardinal Wiseman , in which ho mysteriously to those " whoso word would a tev months ago have been in our eyes as safe a security as a bond signed and sealed , who have made lig ht o pledges given to us , and feel no shame i" withdrawing them . " Letters were read from the Honourable William Stourton , Lord Arumlell , of Warworn ( inclosing £ G ) , Lords Stourton , Ivenmare , Pctre , an two Roman Catholic Bishops ; also an addreaa Jrom Roman Catholics at Liverpool , inclosing £ 10 . resolution
Without much speaking , the following * moved by the Archbishop of Cashel , and bcc «> ' by Sir Piers Mostyn ( on the part of the k » K " Homan Catholics ) , was carried : — ., " That we declare an act lately passed by the I 1 " !''! ^ Parliament , commonly called the Ecclesiastical / ^ Act , to be a violation of the compact contained » Catholic Relief Act of 18 ^<) , and subversive of the K ^ principle of religious liberty as established i ' empire . " John , Archbishop of Tuum , moved the next it ' ' lution , worded as follows : — , jjj" That we unhesitatingly declare that the preaei f ninters have betrayed the cause of civil and **• £ .,, ,, f freedom , and forfeited the confidence of the Oat " the United Kingdom . " . t ] , His speech was not remarkable , except * V , Lit »« of the sentences , and the ponderosity oi the w > ^ reported . But he recited a heavy lint « t '
against the Imperial Uovernment . ,, " Who could imagine , " he said , alluding ) <¦»<^ ^ duct of the priests during the famine ; - — H ()() t | , jng imagine that those who were instrumental n » t r || J 1 , the public discontent , and preserving the 1 " , ' . ( l by quiliity amidst such terrible trials , wore to be Bt ' . ) tio ,,. our rulers as the first victims of a bigoted pros ( Hear , hear . ) " Hold-Mr . Keogh , M . P ., seconded the resolution . ^^ ing the Act of Parliament in his hand , no
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 23, 1851, page 790, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1897/page/2/
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