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CATHOLIC DEFENCE
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strides within a very short time . Asa "Whitney ' s gigantic plan for a line of rail across the American Continent was one of the most notable projects brought out this season . Even this , vast though it be , is rivalled in grandeur by a proposal in circulation , to make a direct London and Calcutta railway , and to perform the journey in seven days without stoppages . The route would be from , Ostend to Orsova on the Turkish frontier ; thence to Copstantinople ; onwards , by the valley of the , Euphrates , to Bussorah . and thence by the Persian Gulf to Bombay , whence the lines now in progress would lead on
to Calcutta : the whole transit from London to Calcutta occupying only twelve days . Men of experience regard this as a feasible project , and certain portions of the route are actually decided on . It is not long since the present " overland route " to India was but a project , not counted among the most practicable . Beside the projected great Indian route , we have to signalize another , which , though less grand in its proportions , is of great importance . The Yankees have completed the communication with the Pacific vid the Lake of Nicaragua , and a direct line of steamers now plies on both oceans , between San Francisco and San Juan del Sud in
the Pacific , and San Juan of Nicaragua and New York on the Atlantic . This route vastly reduces the time of transit from the capital of California to the Empire City . But it will still take ten days longer to reach San Francisco from New York than it will to reach Calcutta from London if the new project be realized . Among the pleasanter signs of good feeling is the sort of interest created in this country by the victory of the yacht America . It is blazoned in the papers ; it is spoken of in society with delight ;
it is discussed by professional men wiih the frankest expression of pleasure , which could scarcely be excelled if it were an English vessel . There is a sense of having made an advance in experimental ship-building , which both countries will share ; and the feeling of brotherly participation is complete . As to the individual pride of Commodore Stevens , it is so natural and frank that we all sympathize with it . The story of his achievements—his picturesque delays , his wonderful overtakings—read like a chapter in one of Cooper ' s novels .
The spirit of adventure takes a swing on the very see-saw of frolic and sublimity , with Mont Blanc for the fulcrum of the see-saw , in Mr . Floyd ' s account of the descent . Three Oxfordmen and the Homer of fas men , Albert Smith , wandering bravely among large icebergs and silent desolation , under the deep blue sky—venting their transports in ci . ar . s , champagne , and chickens—revelling in royal salutes—enjoying an ovation at an " altar" furnished in more than
Anglican parade with lighted candles ( O Dr . Bloomlield !) and champagne— parting from their guides almost with tears—form a romance thai might make a casino grave , might make an Exeter Synod laugh , and might remind us all that the humorous and the sublime tire not , after all , so far apart us the common sarcasm about their proximity implies . It is with very earnest satisfaction that we bear of Albert Smith ' s safe return to his own metropolis .
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CONTINENTAL NOTES . The French Liberal Press have elaborately analysed the pamphlets of Mr . Gladstone , and in some cases have reproduced their most striking passages ; reechoing the contempt bo universall y felt in London for the roving pamphleteer who does the insolent J ockey to the blood-thirsty Bomba , after having vainly sought to intimidate the Turkish Vizier with the " ^ Dilutions of a discontented Dragoman . The Turin journals have almost translated them entire , With additional revelations . In Tuscany , not a single word of Mr . Gladstone is allowed to pierce through the Austrian surveillance .
An Imghsh gentleman is said t o have been arrest ed at Florence in the act of reading the Bible . We are sorry that his name is " Walker , " as it tends to throw doubt upon a fact so hateful to Protestant ears . Even in France , however , Protestantism is morally persecuted by . official Catholic catechisms , holding up Protestant ministers to ' ridicule and odium , as " immoral , prolific , and avaricious . The tendencies which these and similar facts discover are obvious enough to all who prize liberty of thought and of conscience .
For a glance at the doings of paternal government take the following ;—Since the return of the Duke of B * trano to the Vice-Government of Sicily fifteen , hundred persons have been shot on political wnptckm , < w on the accusation of » mea .
The Austrian Commandant at imola has forbidden ladies to wear bonnets or caps with red or blue ribbons , under penalty of the Christian form ot bastinado . Will this make sympathizers ot our wives and daughters ? They have o .. ly toenroltheir names among the » Friends , of Italy : the society being open to " strength and beatUy . " Since the proclamation of martial law , the courts martial in the Lombardo-Venetian provinces have pronounced 3782 sentences to death . Berlin correspondence of a recent date states that the French Government have come to an understanding , ^ _ _ * ^
in concert with the Cabinets of Berlin and St . Petersburg , to make strong representations against the reported determination of the Porte to release the Hungarian captives on the first of September . Batthyani's life is despaired of at Hutayeh . We read in the Independance Beige that M . de Bocarme , uncle to the late Count de Bocarme , who was lately executed for murder , has been xeelected to his seat in the Belgian . Chamber -with scarcely a dissentient vote . He had resigned his seat in consequence of his nephew's condemnation . In his address to the electors he thanks them , for having vindicated the isolation of crime .
Catholic Defence
CATHOLIC DEFENCE
" Defenders , " the name of the new Iri ^ h . Party , it seems likely , will go down to critical posterity as famous as Whiteboy , Ribbonman , Repealer . Lord John Russell's conjurations have roused the old devil which arrests all progress in Ireland . " For the religion of our fathers , " is again the cry of myriads ; for our priests , our altars , and our freedom . The Tablet has followed up the "Aggregate Meeting " with some articles really terrible for the Whigs ; terrible , because so rigidly calm , being written apparently at the white heat of indignation . Last Saturday ' s number of the Journal contains one long article , ostentatiously demonstrating how the priests and laymen , how the preludes and the climax of the meeting have broken the law ; broken it knowingly and deliberately . And it continues : — -
" We don ' t dare the Government to prosecute . "We don ' t ask them not to prosecute . We only state the plain and undeniable conclusion , that if they do not prosecute , then , after a tedious and protracted campaign in which , with the exception of the Almighty Ruler of the universe , every element of strength was on the side of our enemies , they will have been made to sustain a most ignominious defeat , will have failed to carry out the smallest portion of their own project , will have endured a very effective application of the cudgel , will have eaten
their leek with many wry faces but with edifying docili'y , and will have taken mighty pains and undergone deep humiliation merely to register a great and signal triumph of truth , the Pope , and the Almighty , over their own besotted fanaticism . In one word , it is the pleasing lesult of the aggregate meeting that , besides laying the foundation of better things to come , the most Reverend Dr . Cullen , Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of all Ireland , has driven his primatial carriage and six stately steeds clean through the imaginary barrier raised by the six months' labour of Lord John Russell and his
fellowoperatives . But another paper is still more aggressive . The question at issue is said to be one between * ' Heaven and hell , " and in avowed hostility to the act of Parliament . The writer enumerates the Roman Catholic bishops by their styles and titles ? ' which have been bestowed upon them by the Church of God " : — " On the other hand , it is equally certain ( as we have elsewhere intimated ) that a certain Mr . Sumner is not even a doctor of divinity , much less a priest , a bishop , or an archbishop . It is not true , therefore , to call this man Archbishop of Canterbury , or even Dr . Sumner . It is even doubtful whether he has been made a Christian by baptism ; but , a 8 this is confessedly a doubt , we will give this estimable gentlemen the benefit of the doubt , and take his Christianity for granted . What , under that charitable assumption , we may call his Christian names
are * John liird . ' As he is a member of the Privy Council , this civil status entitles him to the prefix 'Right Honourable ; ' and hia true name and title , written at length , are ' The Right Honourable John Bird Sumner . ' In ordinary parlance , 8 uch a person would be called 'Mr . Sumner ; ' and as accuracy is everything now we have a theological Parliament , the only designation by which henceforward that ambiguous Christian whom the Protestants hereticall y call Archbishop of Canterbury , will be known in this journal is plain ' Mr . Sumner . ' If on any occasion we may desire to express hia function , we certainly shall not call him bishop—for to that appellation he has no more claim ( speaking reverently ) than a poodle dog or a pet spuniel dog of King Charles ' s breed . He is not a bishop certainly ; but by the nature of the oihee conferred on him by act of Parliament he may without usurpation asuuint- to be a superintendent . "
And he iiuully deduces what he is pleased to call the full title of the Archbishop of Canterbury— "Mr Sumner , Statutory Superintendent of Protestants iii the Canterbury District ; " und advises that the like appellations be given to all the bishops of the Iribh . Ltjtublitthed Church . As to the " Defence Association , " the rent for the week ending Saturday last amounted to £ 244 13 s ( id lhe Natitm condemn * the idea of a weekly meetinir awocimtiou and awe # Ujr station * for - I * . CmS tn > and Senator Thewiu ^ JUml SiammAm ^ Palermo , -nda £ 10 « n * hi . mOi ^ ZZZT ^'_? £ ttan . «¦» **• ^^ w »
The Reverend GL A . Denison , a member of the very High Chureh party , has published a pamphlet entitled . Why should the Bishops continue to sit in the House of Lords f The following are the propositions which he proceeds to work out : —The main propositions to be proved axe in . brief— 1 . That the Church of England , as a Church , has only a limited hold upon her members , whether clergy or people . 2 . That her principal hold upon her members depends partly upon a false view of her office and essential character , and partly upon her accidents . 3 . That the position of the clergy being , in many respects , secular and unreal , is one principal hindrance to the more just and extended appreciation of the office and essential character of the Church . 4 . That in particular , the position of the bishops as Peers of Parliament is secular and unreal . mi . t ^ , -3 ^^ I _ ¦ A- "I \ m « . !»„— _ k _ a ~ w » . AM * lk _ X -4 . 1-
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THE LATE ASCENT OF MONT BLANC . An ascent of the Alpine King is an unusual event , and must always be of interest . Three " Oxford men , " by name Philip and Sackville West and C . GK Floyd , members of one of those pleasant bands called " reading parties , " were one day rowing on the Lake of Geneva , when they saw the gleaming summit of Mont Blanc , and resolved to start off for Chamouni , and ascend that mountain throne . Arrived there they had to wait some time for a fine day , and were just departing when the weather cleared up , and they completed the necessary preparations for the task . A capital account by Mr . Floyd has appeared in the Times : —
" Chamouni was all in a bustle to see us off . The weather continued fine , and , as a crowning subject of congratulation , Albert Smith , the author , joined our party for the ascent ; and to him we owe a great deal of the vast amount of pleasure that we enjoyed . Having left our directions to our several homes behind us , we were at last off . It was half-past seven o ' clock when our party of four amateurs , sixteen guides , and several porters and volunteers , having assisted' at a breakfast laid out in the court of the hotel , statted , and really it was a fine sight , the people of the hotel showing every imaginable civility—the peasants wishing us bon voyage —and our guides ( splendid fellows ) leading the way with
their long poles and various equipments . Having passed the village and its immediate environs , we commenced a steep rocky ascent parallel with the Glacier des Boissons . The guides now commenced picking up sticks for our fire at the Grands Mulets , which , you know , is the rock on which we should have to sleep . Still pursuing the same course , we came to the Echelle , 80 called from a ladder always being kept there to cross the crevices . Here we halted to breakfast , and to prepare for our more arduous task . Having devoured several chickens , which we mangled with our fingers , according to our wants , and ' polished off' some excellent Burgundy , we started afresh , and went on
ascending to the point from which we crossed the glaciers ; but this part of our journey cannot really be described : —The tremendous masses of green ice—the awful crevices—the sky , from no darker contrast than the snow , looking a deep blue—the long file of travellers , all tied with a rope together—all made it a most impressive sight , which I am glad to say I could perfectly enjoy , not feeling in any degree tired . Some of the crevices we crossed b y a ladder being thrown across them , and walking on the crossbars ; some we crossed on little bridges of frozen snow , and one was a very peculiar one—the ladder had to be placed nearly perpendicularly
from the lower part on which we stood , resting on a huge wall of ice , separated from us by a tremendous crevice , so that , mounting on the ladder , you looked down into an endless depth below you , and , as the ladder was not long enough to surmount the wall , steps were cut from its top into the ice with a hatchet . By walking in this kind of way till four o ' clock , we reached the Grands Mulets , where we had to Btop the night , or rather a few hours between that time and twelve o ' clock at night . AH the time glasses had been directed towards us front Chamouni , and on placing our feet on the rock we were saluted by guns below , which fired to announce our arrival thus far . "
At the Grands Mulets they dined " all in high , spirits , " singing songs and telling stories in uncommonly quick succession ; •? of course chiefly started by Albert Smith , " whom Mr . Floyd declares to be a " tremendous brick . " When this jovial feed was over , they made arrangements for the night . The sun was eetting . Mr . Floyd describes what he culls the " imposing process of Bunset up there" : — " Fancy yourself on a rock descending nearly
perpendicularly ; aitting on a ledge ; snow above and snow below ; the shades gathering , the light turning from gold to purple , from purple to blue , from blue to green , to lilac , grey ; in fact , to all colouru the sky can asaumc '; the fiolemn silence only interrupted by occasional avalanches booming behind us ; the wide prospect of country ; —funcy all this , and you can have not even an idea , not the faintest conception , of the really awful grandeur of the scene . "
Refreshed by three hours' sound slumber , thougli the others of the party slept not all , Mr . Floyd and his friends started off . He describes their midnight walk as one of the most unearthly he had ever seen . There were tremendous crevices , too wide to cross , overhanging masses of snow , the moon above them locking awfully cold /* Mid § 11 tfcrWiM" *» P » Tory mmp gSfc * A * the «*«** 'HtMM « &i mtrnitm ifi m him mmmmm *^ M *? Mm * ** iHt m «*>
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814 fit )? fteaoeV * { Saturday , _ __ ¦•
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 30, 1851, page 814, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1898/page/2/
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