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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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ehire , and Nathaniel Dix . They were drawn up in safcy as far as the stage , " their accustomed landing-place , at the mouth of the shaft , when just at that critical period , it is stated by the engineer Stone , the bolt of the reversing handle of the engine broke short off . He was instantly aware of the perilous nature of the consequences which were likely to ensue , and he caught hold of the " eccentric rods , " and endeavoured to lift them . He also turned off the steam . Finding he could not lift the eccentric rods , he called out to a man ( George King ) to come and help him , but before they could be lifted the accident happened , the cart with the poor men being
drawn right up over the " shiver wheel , and then dashed to the ground , a depth of 25 fret , the iron cart crushing them in the fall . The men , as soon as they were passing the stage , saw their danger , and two of them , Bryant and Stone , jumped out , and foitunatcly escaped uninjured . Another poor man , Stephen Newman , also jumped out , but must have miscalculated his distance , for he fell short and was precipitated right down the main shaft , a depth of 147 fathoms . Of course he was instantly dashed to pieces ; his body was recovered a little after four o ' clock , dreadfully disfigured , so as to be scarcely recognizable . The other poor fellows were also much
crushed by the heavy iron cart which fell with them , and which weighs about 3 | cwt . The " cart , " or iron bucket , on looking at it this morning , was covered with blood . They were immediately placed in carts , in as easy a position as possible , and conveyed to the Bristol Infirmary . The two worst cases are those of Nathaniel Dix and George English . Dix was found to have sustained a compound comminuted fracture of both bones of the right leg , fracture of the right thigh , extensive lacerated wounds of the left leg , contusion of the scalp and other parts of the body .
His leg was amputated on Monday night . English sustained a fracture of the skull , and an extensive wound of the cheek , extending right across through the lip , also severe contusions and injuries . The recoveiy of these poor men is extremely doubtful . The injuries of the remainder of the men who were precipitated to the ground with the cart , consist chit-fly of very severe contusions . On an examination of the broken bolt of the reversing handle of the engine , the immediate cause of the accident , there does not appear to be any flaw in it . The engine , too , was , generally speaking , in good order .
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THE LOCK CONTROVERSY . Mr . Hobbs has fairly succeeded in picking the locks of Mr . Chubb and Messrs . Bramah . Mr . Chubb quibbles about the picking of his locks ; and even Messrs . Bramah take some exceptions ; but the dispassionate report of Mr . George Rennie , Professor Cowper , and Dr . Black , puts the matter beyond a doubt . As is well known , Messrs . Bramah offered a reward of £ 200 to " the artist" who could pick one of their ljeks . Mr . Hobbs accepted the challenge .
"On the 23 rd of July , " says the report of the arbitrators , " it was agreed that the lock should be inclosed in a block ( if wood and screwed to a door , and the screws sealed , the key Hole and hasp only being accessible to Mr . Hobbs ; and when he was not operating the keyhole to be covered with a band of iron and sealed by Mr . Hobbs ; that no other person should have access to the keyhole . The key wan also sealed uj > , and not to be used till Mr . Hobbs had finished his operations . If Mr . Hobbs siicee < d < d in picking or opening the look the key was to be tried , and if it locked and unlocked the padlock il should be considered a proof that Mr . liobbn had not injured the lock , but picked and opened it , and was entitled to tine £ 200 . On the same day , July 23 ,
Messrs . Bramah gave notice to Mr . Hobbs that the lock was ready for his operations . On July 21 , Mr . Hobbs commenced his operations , and on August 23 , Mr . Hobbs exhibiied the lock open to JDr . Black mid Professor CowpcT . Mr . Rennie being out of town , Dr . Black and Professor Cowp < r then called in Mr . Edward Braniah and Mr . Bazalgotte , and showed them the lock open . They then withdrew , and Mr . Hobbs locked and unlocked the padlock in the present : of Dr . Black and Professor Cowper . Between July 21 and August . 2 , 'i , Mr . Hobbs ' s operations were for a time nuspendcd , so that the
number of day * occupied by him were sixteen , and the number of hours spent by him in the room with the lock was fifty-one . On Friday , August 2 !> , Mr . Hobbs again locked and unlocked the p . ulloek in the presence of Mr . ( Jeorge Rennie , Professor Cowper , Dr . Black , Mr . Kdward Bramah , Mr . Baziilgette , and Mr . Ahrnhart ! On Saturday , August 30 , the key wan died , ami the pudlock \\;\ h locked and unlocked with the key by l ' ro' ,-ssor Cowper , Mr . Rennie , and Mr . ( ii 1 >< i ( son , iImih pioving that Mr . Hobbn had fairly opened I he Jock without injuring it . Mi . Hobbs then formall y produced the iii . su nun nln with which he hod opened the lock . "
l'hey cull upon Mcssrn . Brumal ) , therefore , to hand over the stipulated reward . We observe in the advertming columns of the ' 1 ' inies of Thursday another challenge to any operator iiom a llainineiKinith locksmith . He offers fift y poundo . I ' eiliajm Mr . llobbs can pick hi . s lock ulao .
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1 'HK « WIUSPKLIKU" AND THE ARCHBISHOPS . . « Aih i C ( lta ' ll ( ' 1 HOU n » nicd William Fraiicin , alias William Francis Recs , " alia , "William Fruncitt Jttfea Uawthorn , " his correct name , has contrived to
" sell " the Head of the Established and of the Roman Catholic Church . Mr . Gawthom is a supernumerary clerk under a Government Commission , and is a proselyte to the Roman Church . When Dr . Wiseman first appeared in Jus splendour as Cardinal Archbishop , Mr . Gawthorn undertook to send an addiess of congratulation to his Eminence , in the name of the office to which the writer belonged ! The Cardinal , of course , was not displeased , and he sent a flattering acknowledgment ; but it subsequently transpired that the whole commission had not been converted , nor had it authorized a junior clerk to write in the name of the Department .
Mr . Gawthom , however , has not dropped his practice of dealing with great men . He has since bestowed his a « tentions on Dr . Bird Sumner , Archbishop of Canterbury . Instigated by spiritual direction , he wrote to Dr . Bird Sumner , as a convert from Dissent to the Church of England . The letter related to the ban placed by Charles James London upon the foreign pastors , and Gawthorn , under the name of " Francis , " hypocritically indignant thereat , extracted the avowal from Dr . Sumner that he could ' hardly imagine there were two Bishops on the bench , or one clergyman in fifty throughout our Church , who would
deny the validity of the orders of the foreign clergy solely on account of their wanting the imposition , of episcopal hands . This was given under the seal of confidence . As a matter of course , the intrepid Gawthorn , however , published the confidential letter . The result has been that the entire correspondence of this " fast" young propagandist has been brought to light ; and the object of his obtaining the answer from the Archbishop of Canterbury becomes evident . He used it immediately : attacking the High Church sentiments of the Reverend Cyril Page , incumbent
of Christ Church , Westminster , with the avowal above quoted , as a testimony to the equality of Roman with Anglican clergy . Mr . Page sent the correspondence to the Archbishop : hence the publication . The fast Gawthorn had previously had a fling at the Bishop of London , under the name of ' Rets" ; but it would not do . Charles James , too wily to be caught in any way , forwarded the letter to the incriminated parson , and he unearthed the impostor ; whom the Morning C / ironi le has been glorifying with the persecution of much vituperation .
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ORGANIZATION OF " LYNCH" LAW . Lynch law is organized in California . The famous " Committee of Vigilance" have established themselves in San Francisco , and arrogated to themselves a power which has become formidable to the citizens . They passed a resolution signed "No . 67 Secretary , " of great significance , on July 5 : — 11 Resolved , —That we , the Vigilance Committee , do claim to ourselves the right to enter any person or person ' s premises where we have good reason to believe that we shall find evidence to substantiate and carry out the object of this body ; and further deeming ourselves engaged in good and just cause , ive intend to maintain it . "
This Committee are 700 in number ; they sit day and night ; and their proceedings are as secret as those of the Vehingericht of the Rhine some four hundred years ago . They summon citizens by the tolling of a fire-bell , and hang their victims without public trial . They forbid suits to be carried on . In the latter respect their power has been resisted , and the next mail will probably show whether successfully or not .
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IRIS II KIN I ) N E S S . The Irish in America have long had the character of helping their friends at home . It is not the first time we have read statements like the following in the Iiish newspapers . We find it in the liallinasloe Star : — " We have seen statements in our contemporaries to the effect that , the inmates are leaving some of the workhouses by the thousand , and this move is attributed to the expectation of finding employment at the harvest , and no doubt , such is , to a considerable extent , the fact ; but we are in a po- i ; ion to state that very many of the parties alluded to are leaving the wotkhouses never to return to them again , and Irom this very gratifying and cogent reason , that they are inrceeipt of remittances from tin ir relations in Aiinrica , to enable them to « migrate to
that . ' home ol Irishmen , ' the name now generally given to the United States by the peasantry . We have h < ard , and from a Mire stmi < : e , that within the past « ix weeks upwards of £ 20 , 000 have been received , in minis varying from £ 5 to £ 30 , by persons in this country , the gr < - » t majority of whom hud been receiving relief in the woikhouticK up to the time of the money reaching them . In many cat-es the poor people have kept the matter secret , through a mistaken leur that if il were known to the Poor Law oflici . ils a pi > riit > n of the money would be impounded to pay for their luep while in the workhouse , to guard against , which the money is consigned to some third party , some shopkeeper , or person who could be depended upon , to have it safely conveyed to its intended destination , without tho knowledge ol the workmisc ofneers . " This emigration of Irish labourers , bringing on a backward flow of Irish savings for the liberation of their countrymen , frpm pauper serfdom , ia one of tho
noblest traits in the character of the sons and daughters of Erin . Honour to the human instinct which does not forget the distant and distressed ; and to the national sentiment which preserves in the breast of an Irishman a filial affection for his mother race .
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THE EARTHQUAKE IN SOUTHERN ITALY . Particulars have reached the morning journals as to the earthquake which occurred a short time ago . A private letter from Naples , dated August 24 , ssya : — " I have received several details relative to the dre&dfixl disaster which occurred on the 14 th instant , in the province of Basilicara , in this kingdom , and about one hundred miles from the capital . A list of more than fifty villages is given , in which greater or less damage was done , in more than one place the principal buildings having been destroyed , and in all several lives having been lost amidst the ruins of fallen houses . The greatest sufferer , however , was the town of Malfi , a place containing 10 , 000 inhabitants ; three-quarters of the city are
a mass of ruins—the archbishop ' s palace , the college , the municipali y , the barracks , and the police station having been all levelled to the ground . The known deaths amount already to 700 , besides 200 wounded , among whom the principal families count victims- I have not time this morning to give all the minute detail ? , but it is sufficient to say that a rich and populons district has been completely destroyed , and the loss of life has been immense . It does not appear that the ground opened , but all the injury was done by the houses falling from the repeated shocks of the earthquake , the rapidity of which was such that the persons in the houses and
passing in the streets had not time to escape . The Kinjr on receiving this dreadful news immediately ordered 4000 ducats to be sent from his private purse , to which the Queen added 2000 in addition to the sum of 5000 ducats contributed by the Treasury . Temporary hospitals have been erected , and detachments of sappers and miners have been sent to the different places to assist in clearing away the ruins and disinterring the unfortunate victims . Private subscriptions have been opened in the towns near to the place where the catastrophe has occurred , and no doubt the active charity of th « city of Naples will not be deficient . "
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PUBLIC OPINION . Glancing at things in general and the signs of the times abroad and at home , the Liverpool Albion alights upon the suffrage question : — " Most men accustomed to read with moderate perspicacity coming events in the shadows they forecast , mustbe tolerably satisfied that by the 10 th of next April we shall have nearly as remarkable an opportunity as we had the same day three years ago for contrasting the stability of the political system in England with the chaotic and ever-shifting regime of the Continent ; but a Minister who , with the conduct of the English masses during those three years to look back upon , should , nevertheless , use the example of democratic excesses abroad as a reason for withholding the extension of liberty at home , would meet with no such Conservative sympathy and support as were tendered him so universally by all classes , low and high , on that occasion ; and it will not again be tolerated that Mr . Feargus O'Connor and his Chartists be made a bugbear for terrifying Parliament about the anticipated anarchial consequences of according the full right of citizenship to the bulk of our industrial population . "
The Macclesfield Herald and Courier pens a short paper on the treachery of the French Jurors of the Great Exhibition , who have , according to our northern contemporary , broken the arrangement not to publish the names of the successful exhibitors . "The Times is preparing its renders for another Irish , rebellion , arising out of the defiance olfered by the Irish Catholic Defence Association to the working of the Ecclesiastical Titles Act , " says the Ayr Advertiser" We would rather be disposed to regard such language [ that of the speakers at . the Aggregate Meeting ] , as the grandiloquent , talk of such revolutionists as , in their last imeutc , took shelter from one constable under the urowthy shelter of ;» . drumhead cabbage . "
1 he Aberdeen Herald has an excellent article entitled "A Word for the 4 Defence Association . '" It very cleverly disposes of the common objections against the Defence Association ; and points out with great neatness the invidious exemption of the F . pi-Bcopal Church of Scotland from the operation of the Act . It continues : — " And first , it is said that they should not be allowed to use their titles , because they are conferred by a foreign priest . This , to us , s « cms shier tiiflinp . The organization of the Romish Church makes the Pope the fountain of all spiritual authority ; and to ie ( use to admit the fact is simply to refuse to tolerate the rclit ^ ion .
" but then the Roman Catholic priesthood are hnughfy , insolent , aggressive , opposed to the * pread of sound education , and enemies of fieedom generally . Tliifl mny be quite tru' > , and yet they inuy not be much worse th » n other piiesthoodt . Ah to insolence , theie wa « a good deal of it fihown by the Free Church clergy during the Nonintrusion struggle ; and with the dineiissionH of the laat fifteen ycirn in our recollection , « e ar .: ut no loss to declare that the ; clergy of «« ver ,. l other u <* aiia « ioiia besides the Roman Catholic * We Hfrcnuoualy set their fact- * ag . iin . it all education that wan not conducted nnuer their own control , and with a B eci « l view to the inculcation of their own doctrines . . _ " A « to the complaint about the bravado with which this intention [ of breaking the abhorred law ] was an-
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Sept . 6 , 1851 . ] . ffitK & ** & **? 843
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 6, 1851, page 843, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1899/page/7/
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