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Leader (1850-1860), 15th November 1851, Edition Town of 2, Page 1083, Untitled Article

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      The very first act of the Emperor on his return from Galicia was to append his signature to two decrees conferring the order of Leopold on M . de Hubner , the A ustrian charge" in Paris , and on M- Carlier , the ex-ppUpe Minister . It must be admitted that these personages have well deserved the honour thus accorded them ; perhaps it may soften the ill-humour into which their general unpopularity has thrown them . It certainly will not diminish the latter . " A list of sentences published by the court-martial sitting at Este contains ten of death by powder and ball , twelve of twenty years' imprisonment in heavy irons , four of eighteen , and three of fifteen years' hard labour on the fortifications . A Polish journal , the Czas of Cracow , of the 5 th , contains the following : —

      " His Majesty the Emperor of Russia , taking into consideration the services which M . Leon Faucher has rendered to the cause of order , has directed that his brother-in-law , M . Wolowski , shall receive the sum and interest thereon arising from the sale of the property of the Wolowski family , situated in Poland . " Some idea of the financial position of Austria may be formed from the following extract from a letter of the Vienna correspondent of the Times , dated the 9 th instant , which appears in Friday ' s second edition of our contemporary : —

      " In November , 1850 , most people here believed that a war with Prussia was inevitable , and when , on the 6 th of that month , a very warlike article appeared in the Wiener Zeitung , exchange on London rose to 12 fl . 4 kr . ; the premium on gold was 29 J per cent ., and on silver 21 | per cent . On the 8 th appearances were still more threatening , and London was done at 12 fl . 56 kr . ; gold stood at 32 £ per cent , premium , and silver at 2 i \ per cent . Since that time Austria has not only contracted two loans—the Italian , and that which has just been completed—but she has received considerable sums in hard cash from Sardinia . On the 6 th of November , 1851 , London was quoted at 12 fl . 33 kr ., gold at 31 £ per

      cent ., and silver at 24 £ per cent . Yesterday , the 8 th , the nominal price of London bills was 12 fl . 53 kr ., gold was at 32 | per cent ., and silver at 271 per cent , premium '; but neither the one nor the other was to be had at these prices . As you may suppose , every one is terribly alarmed at this sad state of things , and perhaps no one more than the Finance Minister himself . About a week since the Ministerial organs attempted to calm the fears of the great public by attributing the rising tendency of the precious metals to unprincipled stockjobbing , but for the last few days they have observed a total silence on the subject . It is rumoured that an Imperial finance ordinance is about to be published , but I confess that I am not sanguine as to its producing any good results . "

      What is the meaning of all these . ' mystifications ? A letter from . Vienna dated thie 7 th of November ; we find : — . V "' ¦ ' ' " A telegraphic despatch from London arrived a day or two ago , to the effect that the Globe newspaper gave , the lie to the statement in the lieichtzeitung respecting an apologetic note of Lord Palmerston ' s , addressed to this Court , wherein his lordship expressed a determination to stand aloof from Kossuth and all the demonstrations made for him , and to take measures as soon as possible for putting down the KossiUh agitation . The rniniatprial paper has an article today- persisting in its former assertion respecting that note , and is manifestly reluctant to withdraw a statement dictated to it for reasons that are best known to persona in the background . " Austria is governed by courts martial : — .

      " The extent of jurisdiction of these Courts martial is really frightful . The greatest political and oriminal crimes , the most venial offences , persons of all classes and all ages , are under these tribunals . If an individual be suspected of high treason , of compassing the death of the Emperor or the- overthrow of his Government , he is tried by a court martial ; if he beats hia neighbour , or anybody else , he is tried by the same court martial ; if he neglects to bow when the Emperor or any member of the royal family paascs him in the streets , he is tried by a court martial ; if ho insults & policeman by words merely , he in tried by court martial ; if he Rings a political song , he is tried by court martial ; if ho sells a Klapkti hat , or anything like it , he is tried by a court luiutial ; if he writes or prints anything that can be

      distorted into disaffection , he is tried by court martial ; if the merchant on 'Change endeavours to buy foreign bi , lla to Batinfy his creditors abroad , he ia tried by a court martial ; if a journeyman stops work , and incites his fellows to do the Hume , he ih tried by a court martial ; if an old woman is found selling prints , or anything olee , without a licence , she is tried by a court martial ; if a publican harbour suspicious characters , he ia tried by a court martial ; inline , courts martial arc employed for almost every purpoHc . It ia true that common cuHes of theft and felony ure tried before the ordinury law courts ; but it requires only thetilightf « t resistance on the purt of the accused to bring the < : use before a court martial . Bayonets in the Ht . re . ei 8 , untl bayonets in the judicial tribunals , can alone keep what the Government culls order and internal

      '*> eaco . " The accounts of the inundations arising from the late heavy rainn are . very bad indeed . Great damage has been done in all purtH of S'yria , in Croatia , Carinthin , the Venetian provinces , auu the mountainous districts of the Austriun provinces . Hardly u month Iuih parsed thiH HUinuicr without severe floods in uevera ) . provinces . The diatre » s of the people created by loss ' of crops , diunuge to biiSldiiiKH , loads , &c ., mubt be most Hevere . The emming winter will be a bad one In every respect . " The Herman Journal of Frankfort states that the AuHtrian charge d ' affaires at Wahhington hua received from hid Government the order to demand hia passports , in case the Prcoident or the Government of til * United

      States shall officially take part in the reception of Kossuth , and also that the Minister of the United States at Vienna shall receive his passports . " Tliereis no mistake abou ^ the Solidarity" of the despotisms . An orderofthe . Governor , of Venice has suspended the Lombardo Veneto , ajournaLpublishe . rj in that , city . This resolution was taken at the io 8 tan . of the Austrian Consul , on account of an , allusion to the visit of the Due de Leuchtenherg to Sicily , of which the Consul disapproved . The Due de Leuchtenberg is cousin to M . Louis Napoleon . j

      The Milan official Gazette of the 3 rd instant publishes a Royal decree of the King of Naples , dissolving the National Guards throughout the kingdom . A letter from Home , of the 31 st ultimo , states that tourists are flocking to Rome for the winter season , and that Silvio Pellico has also arrived there . It is also stated in this letter that the Court of Rome is very much against Signor Farini , the new Minister of Public Instruction at Turin , and that his nomination is likely to frustrate any attempt 00- the part of Piedmont to obtain a concordat .

      Accounts from Lisbon of the 8 th instant inclusive state that the choice of the electors who were to nominate the deputies to the Cortes had - terminated in favour of the Progressistas , by a great majority . The brothers Cabral , Duke of Terceira , and Marquis of Fronteira ^ had not even been returned as electors for their respective' parishes . Exchange on London , 53 J at 90 days . "

      [ By Submarine Telegeapk . j Paris * Thursday , Nine p . m . —The National Assembly has rejected the law presented by the Government for the repeal of the law of the 31 st of May , by a majority of 355 against 348 . Majority against Government , 7 . — -Morning Chronicle .

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      CHURCH MATTERS . The season of visitations and charges among our bishops has been fruitful this year . We have under our notice the first charge of the Bishop of Manchester . Dr . Lee followed the customary form of that address . It was read in the parish church of Bolton . The points > oC interest for us are the movement for synods , revision , of formulas , rubrics , and ; articles , and education . ¦ ¦ . ¦ : -,. Respecting the two former he speaks in condemnation : —

      " It may be not out of place to offer a very few brief remarks on the attempts now making ia various quarters to effect the altef ^ tion <^ f our service , and to revive old assemblies , changed entirely in nature and powers , and invested with authorities hitherto unknown in a Church constituted as ours id tn relation to the state , for the purpo se ' of securing for the Church what is called independent action . While" I own I don ' t see the probability of much success to Mth ** attempt , I cannot but think the success of either would be in the highest degree calamitous ; granting that t as in » ll things human , there are some imperfections , » ntL even inconsistencies , in our rubric ^ somethin gs whioh , were we called on to reconstruct the service , we m ight either soften , alter , or omit ,

      I still can reepgnize nothing so objectionable , nothing so susceptible or certain of improvement , as to justify the opening of the many grave and momentous questions to which any revision of our liturgy , or convocation of the early Church synods , would give rise . The late convulsion of feeling which agitated the whole kingdom , on thd ' subject of baptismal regeneration , will sufficiently show the undesirablene&s of attempting to enforce stricter and more dogmatic definitions than those now used , to say nothing of the danger whioh would attend on altering what the experience of three centuries has shown to be enough for securing amongst us the profession of the truth , even though it may be seen In various aspecta the

      by different persons , as leading out of appeal to Scripture as the only test of its integrity in matters appertaining to salvation . . . . . The real difficulty in ' whioh the Church ia placed , appear 8 to me to arise mainly from a desire to adopt the counsel of those who seem to mistake the weapons and resources which , at a period lik « the present , it is desirable they shall have recourse to . I have alluded to the inconveniences whioh would , I'fear , attend the revival of synodal action , inconveniences Which appear to me insurmountable . Even allowing the difficulties of detail , some of which were ably and lucidly pointed out in a popular periodical a few years back , to be overcome , we have still tho ar . t of submission to contend with . Wo may not

      admit , allege , claim , or put in , or promulge any new cunoiiH , acts , constitutions , orders , provincial , or by whatsoever other flame they shall be called , unless the King ' s moat royal aaaent and licence may be had to make , promulge , and execute the same . Granted that the admission of laymen bo conceded , who shall estimate the state of things when the qualification of constituents by whom the lay representative * should be appointed , Biuill be discussed ; or that of the lay representatives themselves as regards the teat of churchmanahip . Yet even supposing this to be got over , and the royal licence

      obtained , in the final rntUiuution , of all we must have recourtte to Parliament . There arc still extant on our statute book , the fscvcral enactments by which , after the panning of the Act of Submission in Ifi 33 the power even to tax themselves was deemed necesBary to bo confirmed by the Parliament until the convention between Archbishop Sheldon and Lord Clarendon , by which they obtained the elective franchise , and ceased to make grants from their temporalities . What then is our aureat hope And bounden duty ? To abstain from all whioh may tend to bring the Churqh , into ooUUipn with the / rtfttp , 0 * set

      others the teaching * committed to us by what means that immortality-may be attained—the right as Christians , for whom Chmt died ,, to proffer to alL , the Gospel of hi » word ;¦ -the-right as . members of the Church of England to set before all , willing to be members of that Church , its doctrines , services , and articles in all their fulnessthese are right * inalienalienable , and which I would never for a moment consent to impair ; but we have no right , can have no right , by any law , human or dmne , to force the adoption of these on any human being against their will , nor have we a right to deny to any members of the state , however poor and humble , any portion of what the state provides , because he will not * what is intended

      up an imperiutn in imperio ; to striveearnestly and faithfully to bring the state into closer union with the Church , by striving to render the spirit of all ' ife institutions in all respects more Christian . " On education we have an echo of the Manchester and Salford scheme . " Premising my opinion , that education to be useful to the individual educated or safe to the community cannot exist-Without religious instruction—a conviction which on other ' occasions I have unhesitatingly asserted—I will ask you what rights we do and do not possess on this matter as citizens and members of the Church of England ? Thertehtas heirs of immortality , to- impaxt to >

      take the whole . If he decline to take as unsuited to his advantage , the act is his , as also is the responsibility . Thus , while I never would consent to give , up the use of the Catechism , the Prayer-book , and the distinctive teaching of the Church of England in our Church schools , I would restrict . their use . to particular periods of the week at which I vrould permit the child of the Dissenter at its own and parents' peril to absent himself . I would compel him . to show respect at the religious services of the school where he is allowed to go , and where he is prayed " for , if unable to join in them . And the like I would require from all Dissenting schools assisted by the rate . No liberty of conscience has thus been violated . "

      The London Church Union on Church Matters met on Tuesday , and the usual monthly report was read . It contains nothing new , being a succinct recapitulation of what has been transacted of late . The most important sentences are those approving of the opinions lately urged by the Bishops of Gloucester , Salisbury , Oxford , and Down and Connor , in favour of the revival of Convocation ; and of the Derby meeting for its decided resolutions respecting Synodical action . -

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      THE CITY MASQUERADE . Masquerading is decidedly not the forte of the gentlemen dwellers in the good city of London . They cannot " get up " a show at which the mob won ' t laugh . Numberless are the spectators , but then they are attracted by " the fun of the thing . " It isbut too true—City shows are lamentable failures . This year the " Lord Mayor's Day" was to be celebrated with more than usual magnificence ; and the programme of the procession promised the performance of some important physical impossibilities , such as "Twenty Knights in armour ( threeabreast )/* We were to have a great display . There were to be stately representatives of the " Knight of the Sheriff of London" and the " Knight of the Sheriff ofMiddlesex . " besides Widdicomb was engaged—and all the stud of cream-coloured nags belonging to Batty the Magnificent . Alas , for the frailty of human nature ! The Knights of the Sheriffs were too beery to sit their horses in a knightly fashion ; and it was found that no amount of City science could get twenty knights to march *• three abreast . " Arithmetic revolted—declared that such a division of

      twenty was unconstitutional , absolutist , m abort ; and so the famous twenty were compelled to carry their tinfoil greaves , their saucepan helms , and Dutch-oven-like breastplates by twos—twenty not being conveniently divisible by three . Nevertheless , there was something like civic dignity about the Lord Mayor ' s carriage—which contained terrestrial a nd amphibious potentates — tho Lord Muyor being lord of land and water . There was weight and deadly certainty , no kind of sham or mistake at all , about the Twelfth Lancers and tho Band of the Life Guards . Thoro was a familiar reality about the policemen too ; but the Halberdiers and the Knights and the Esquires , even Widdicomb , great us he is in heading victorious charges at Astley ' H , these were felt to be mere phantasmagoria and unreality .

      And so with all manner of banners bearing arms and devices , all manner of " Ueadles of Worshipful Companies , " Watermen with " emblazoned banners , " Pensioners bearing shields , " " Wardens in their carriages , " and " Masters in the chariots , " tho Knights , in armour of Francis I . and Henry VIII ., Shcriffo , Controllers , the Recorder , the City Solicitor , the Secondaries , " Mr . Swift and his Chaplain , not forgetting the Lady Mnyorewi m her state carriagenor tho Lord Mayor in hw state carnuge , nor

      , tho &c &c &c , " , according to tho printed programme , wero to form tho rear guard of the procession — thin wonderful exhibition of what the City can do in the nineteenth century , passed along , <>» Monday , from Guildhall to London-bridge . Thence , "taking to tho water " in state barges and other crnft , tho new Lord Mayor , Mr . Alderman Hunter , proceeded to Westminster to JUfltca to his biography from the lips of . Mr . R « -

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      Nov . 15 , ' 1851 . ] © f » f | Ua * tt . ; iPS »

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 15, 1851, page 1083, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1909/page/7/