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SHAKESPEARE AND KO&SUTH . The following interesting letter ire find in the Daily News of Tuesday : — " West Lodge , Putney-common , November 17 . " Sir , —It is written in the brief history made known to us of Kosauth , that in an Austrian prison he was taught English by the words of the teacher Shakespeare . An Englishman's blood glows with the thought that , from the quiver of the immortal baxon Kossuth has furnished himself with those arrowy words that kindle as they fly—words that are weapons , as Austria will know . to the genius
" Would it not be a graceful tribujte of the man who has stirred our nation ' s heart , to present to him a copy of Shakespeare ? To do this , I would propose a penny subscription . The large amount of money obtained by these means , the cost of the work itself being small , might be expended on the binding of the volumes , and on a casket to contain them . "There are hundreds of thousands of Englishmen ¦ who would rejoice thus to endeavour to manifest their gratitude to Kossuth for the glorious words he has uttered among us—words that have been as pulses to the nation . " I remain , your obedient servant , "DOTJGLA . 8 JEB . ROLD . " The idea has been eagerly responded to . Mr . Jenold writes that he is inundated with letters of approval .
LETTER FUOM MR . HUME , M . P . The Mayor of Southampton has received the following letter from that venerable reformer , Joseph Hume . For many reasons , personal and political , it will be read with interest : — " Burnley-hall , Great Yarmouth , November 14 , 1851 . " My dear Sir , —I thank you for the reception you gave to the ' man of the people' of Hungary , and am confident that the proceedings at Southampton , and everywhere else that-L . Kossuth has visited , will be productive of great good to the cause of popular and responsible government iu this and in every other country . I am sorry that I had not the satisfaction of seeing and congratulating him on his escape from the hands of the
oppressor , and , further , of expressing my sinct re desire that success may attend his efforts in the cause of good government . His cause is our cause , and I admire the talent manifested by him * in the several answers to addresses and at public meetings . It will be a difficult task for any man claiming to be an Englishman to deny the truth of his statements , and I hope hi 3 advice may receive more attention from the aristocracy of this country than they have shown to his person . The state of my health has prevented my paying my respects to him , but I hope a future opportunity may offer . I have two objects in addressing you besides the expression of my thanks for your conduct towards him viz ., 1 st , to suggest that Mr . Capel or Gilpin , or some should collect all the
person connected with the press , addresses to Ivossuth , and the best reports of his answers , verbal and written , and have them printed in a good type , and at the lowest possible price , as I anticipate for them circulation in this and other countries , and more benefit to the popular cause ( the cause of responsible government ) than from any other means I know . You can see to this being done , and we will ask Lord Palmerston to send copies of the collection to all the courts in Europe , as he did of Mr . Gladstone ' s letter . 2 nd . To apply to the Attorney-General , to whom I have written , to give us his beat assistance to have the cause of ' the Stamp-office v . Dickens' decided ; and further , to secure his cooperation and aid to remove the ahackles on knowledge , which the stamps impose .
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" I shall be here until Parliament meets , to recover strength for the labours of the session . ' I remain , yours sincerely , Joseph Hume . " It . Andrews , Esq ., Southampton . " Mil . KOBEUT OWEN'S ADDRESS TO 31 IS EXCELLENCY
iOUIB KOSHUTH , KX-GOTKUNOU OF HUNGAUY . London , Jermyn-street , November 10 , 1851 . Exchllemt Sin , —Your good intentions , and extraordinary exertions and sufferings for the cause of the oppressed and with the view to benefit all , no one who has read your history and studied your addresses delivered to various audiences in Great Britain can doubt . Your actions , and Hpeech , and popularity , declare you to possess powers seldom given to one individual , and that these powers have been given to you by nature , to constitute you an important agent to aid in effecting trreat changes in the condition of humanity .
In fact , you and Muzzini ( another npirit with high aspirations , who lias made : himself a self-devoted victim to the cause of Italy , as you have to that of Hungary ) hare been evidently destined by natum , with other prominent men now active in Hock'ty , to effect , unknowingly , the speedy destruction of the present wretchedly ignorant and most irrational syBtem of society . Well-calculated , as loading mindH , for the task , are you and Mnzzini , and the Pope , uided materially by t . liti EmperorH of-Russia and of Austria , to open the path to the speedy downfallof despotism , arimocrucy , democracy , and superstition over the world
, The > ne parties are admirably gifted to bring prominently before the public the evils inflicted upon the human r » cr bydenuotinni , aristocracy , and superstition , and , als (» , kow utterly incompetent , democracy or republicanism iiro to remedy these evils without inflicting others equally opposed to human nature and to common sense . Granted to you and Mnzzini , to their full extent , the orron « ous und heurt-ronding afflictions produced by the Governments of St . Petersburg , Vienna , Berlin , Home , and Naples , and by ¦ mailer denpotio powers ;
To produce this extent of misery these Government * have been stimulated by being iffnorantly opposed by a crude growing knowledge of an ill-informed population , which has felt the evils and perceived the errors of despotism and aristocracy ; but a population which has not advanced so far as to become eon * eioo « of the errors and evils of democracy and republicanism , or to discover the permanent remedy . The aristocratic power , unconscious of the extent of its own despotic errors and evils , sees forcibly the errors and evils of democracy and of Republican Governments . Aristocracy and democracy are , therefore , natural antagonists—each opposes the errors of the other without being over ready to discover its own .
Both parties having had their characters formed for them on the same erroneous fundamental principle , and both being in consequence sadly misinformed , they know of no other principle or practice by which mankind can be governed than by the despotism of aristocracy or by democracy . . The aristocracy , therefore , for aid against the numbers that otherwise would be always opposed to it , calls to its support superstition , in the form of state religions , to enable it by force and fraud to keep the masses in ignorant subjection to its laws and rule . be
Democracy and republicanism must supported by numbers , and they are governed , for the objects of the governors , through laws and institutions calculated to give wealth and power to the mentally strong and to deprive the weak of their just rights ; and by this error , under continual irritation , by endles ? nnjust and antagonistic proceedings , they prevent all obtaining the far greater advantages which , without contest , might be secured in peace and most beneficially for all through every succeeding generation . Despotism , Aristocracy , and Democracy , are , therefore , maintained by force , fear , falsehood , and fraudare based on principles of repulsion and individual contending interests . They are obliged , on account of their fundamental errors , to be supported by human-made laws and institutions , directly opposed to the laws of humanity and of nature generally .
These laws and institutions , owing to the ignorance of Despotism , Aristocracy , and Democracy , respecting the laws of nature , which never change , are always changing , because , as soon as they have been made , and as their effects have been experienced , they are always found to produce vice , crime , and misery ; to favour the rich and oppress the poor ; to enormously- increase the expenditure of society , not only uselessly , but most mischievously ; and to perpetuate a system of falsehood and deception through all the gTades which this irrational system creates . __/ __ . __ __ A fl ^| _ . . _______ . __ . ¦_ ____ - Mazzini and
You and your compeers are now endeavouring to move heaven and earth to assist you in destroying , root and branch , despotism and aristocracy , on account of their now glaring defects and absurdities ; hat you may establish democracy , equally erroneous in principle and practice ; for , compared to the government of a well-intentioned despot with ability , democracy is an inferior mode of governing . But both are now ascertained to be insane systems for the government of mankind . The advancing development of the human faculties , the progress of science in chemistry , mechanism , and the arts of life generally , have numbered the days of both .
Physical force must now give place to mental energy ; the weapons of war and fraud , or force and superstition , by which alone aristocracy and democracy know how to govern—no , not to govern , but to coerce mankind—are becoming powerless . Public opinion , based on unchanging truths , and formed to be consistent throughout its entire combinations , will soon baffle the old powers of force and fraud , of fear and falsehood . A knowledge of such truth as will eternally benefit mankind is rapidly becoming public opinion , and henceforth , by the aid of the free preBS , of sream , and of electricitypublic opinion will govern the world .
, You and Mazzini and your noble band of self-sacrificers for the intended good of humanity , know not how better to govern the world than it has been governed , except by an European republic , to be attained through the blood of thousands , perhaps millions , of the finest human beings now living . . And for what will this sacrifice and universal demoralization be made ? To substitute one insane , system of ignorant selfishness , for another , less refined generally , and equally selfish and antagonistic to humim
WM _____ __¦ " ^ _ C ^ V _ . __ _ . - _ .. _ - « -. _ - » -- _ . _ _ - ¦ . _ - « ¦ __'* _*^ ^ But you and Mazzini and your followers say you do not know the new ideas—you do not understand unity of mind and action—you do not comprehend a solidarity of interests , founded on the laws of humanity , baaed on a profound knowledge of society through all its ramifications , and opening a new science to the world , through the aid of which man shall be united to man , and nations with nations ; cordially united by a justly and well devised federation , that will K ' » for ever , one ) well dclined interest to man ; and thenceforward there will bo no contests , no petty interests ,
no aristocracy , no democracy , no Hiipers , no national arinirs , ami , after a short interval ( to past , from a state of gross irrationality , to one of order , peace-, unel happiiu > H 8 ) , there will be no ignorance , poverty , diuuniou , crime , or minory . And to attain these results will he a scientific process , plain for practice , i ; , iny to be understood , and for which all the muleriiils are now in great superfluity . Will your republic , based on the old worn-out notions of i guonuit selfishnesH , give these reaults to the human race ?
No ; republics , as well an arintocrueics and superstitions , . tro pests to society , of repulsion , hypocrisy , and BclfisiuieMH , based on ignorance of humanity , and of the laws of nature or of God .
. You , and Masaim , and your eompem , arefo . ^ TT ^ m your aspiration , for the hap ph ^ sTofVou , fru ^^ to become permanently advo cate * of republic vl ?? ' * ignorance of the la . w » of nature , and devoid at l ^* ° a ledge of the science of soeiety . * naaevoi < l <* » ny know . You must no longer be grovelling in the dart ficmg your health , and wasting invaluable tSltf ^ advocating an ignorant , selfish system of force fr / repibUc ? al 8 eh 00 d > *™« ! t is ca » e 4 «« K 5 c £ ft You must now acquire the new ideas , because th « , everlasting truths—truth * ever- eottisteniTwUh t £ selves , and in accordance with all facts—truths » if- "
. <» nitn <_ . «> nnt . firvr mart kiif nkuk » ,. ; .. » « . _ __ t _ ,. w QICh change not for mart , but wbieb point to the dicer * * T to high excellence and perpetual advance and eni © tm « . You were made to be leaders of your fellows n V has thrown you upon the surface , and placed you on ff that you may learn her way » , and do her work not ' cording to your first mistaken taught notions' bu \ f " obedience to her more matured teaching . * n Adopt the new ideas , because they are true a » a godlike . m Godlike , because they will insure the eternal procreRR of mankind in all excellence and perpetuall y increasing happiness . "
Adopt these divine truths ( for all truths are divine } and by your eloquence and influence carry them through Europe , and into the New World , from which they will soon naturally spread over the remainder of the Old World ; or you will sink into oblivion after havins an peared like Will-o ' -the Wisps . 8 p ' You cannot understand Communism or Socialism because you have not studied the true or Rational Socialism . Rational Socialism- is a system in perfect and undeviating accordance with the laws of Mature or of God
It directs to measures in practice that will well-train well-educate , well-employ , well-govern , unite , and well- ' place all of the human race ; will do strict justice to each , upon principles of enlightened equality , according to age ; and will fill all with the pure spirit of charity and love , and with moral courage always to speak the language of simple troth ; and will cause all to have their character and circumstances so scientifically formed , that no motive shall exist among men to express a falsehood in look , word , or action . Your friend , Eobert Owen .
DE-PARTTT-RE OF XOSSCTH FOR AMERICA . Kossuth , with his party , arrived at Southampton by railway , at half-past eleven o ' clock , on Thursday . He was met at the station fey the mayor , aldermen , and town eouneil , and by a large concourse of spectators , "Who greeted him most heartily . A line of procession was formed from the railway station to the house of the American Consul , where the illustrious Magyar was hospitably entertained . From the residence of the Consul the party embarked , under a salute of twenty-one from the Town battery , on board the Jupiter , which steamed to Cowes
Roads , when a dejeuner wa s served on board , a numerous and highly respectable company being present The Mayor of Southampton presided , and proposed the chief toast— " The health of Kossuth , " to which the noble exile replied ; and for upwards of an hour addressed the company in a speech in which he expressed his belief that England was the country which would have after all to decide the destimeii o Europe . France was republican ; and Russia mubt know , let it please her or not , that she must : acce t the necessity of fighting France on the nekl oi Republicanism against Absolutism ; but Kusbu must also learn that » he would have to meet Eng land and the force of her public opinion m oppo tion to despotism . He would not bsy J- *^ »™ J would do bo by going to war ; *«« «* " ™? * her exercise an influence of this kind by declaring her ejicxuiac » i . iuhu ^ .. ^ w . « .-- - domest ic ie
opinion against any interference m « aoro affairs of nations from foreign P ° wem . f * e ^ independence were but se ^ -g ^^^^ mber this , to centralisation . He wished themto remem ^ t , , then they would see that the cause of n ™* " I et their cause too . Hi « last request wa « , do' ^ \ et poor Hungary . On whatever < VH ** ° "™ % of Corn-Englishmen , in their , addresses to the Ho " , f " esoiumona , in their petitions , * ™ "Lj J : involving tionfl , remember the cause of Hungary as h h ( , their own interests . In the course ot ins t begged of them not to forget to agitate b secret diplomacy . It had been said that dip w ) ul ( , should bo kept secret , just as a "" fJV . nU j 3 hed ; keep hift negotiations secret , till tliey vv t <> , ) 0 but what merchant would ullow bu « ntBB ^ . ^ trannacted in hia counting-house the naiu t , jc he did not know ? In this case the P ^ P bu 8 ilU . 98 to masters , and they should not allow' «« y D were not be conducted with the details of which , tncy th ( . fully acquainted . M . Koseuth th « jj ^ f "S > and tw ^ tnlfttr with w hich they h '" 1 rcc el V \ .. M « vor ,
cTnciudc d ' by propo-ing the health « « - - ,, ^ who returned ' thanks Then ,, ^«^ I ,, r « l eauBO « f Poland and """ C ^ ntertain . ncnt l ><^ B Dudley Stuart responded . Ihe enter ] jwky n , iel over , M . KohsuUi , Madame Kossuth , M- x b ) ii r ( 1 a Mudamo 1 ' ulznky , and Huite , procec-eicu t h | . , I () small Htoamcr that was in waiting ; > co ^ V ( , the Humhcl . lt , but the latter . hip £ ^ « l . at until a quarter before nine o clock Sjo , ) Oidt , hour , however , the party ^ dedj he * ^ which quickly steamed iorth on ) u ? r voy * the Atluutio .
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1104 gEftl &ea * et . [ Saturday ,
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 22, 1851, page 1104, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse2.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1910/page/4/
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